CHAPTER 10: The First Civilizations
TASK 1: Why did Prehistory evolve into history?
1. The first writing ever known corresponds to the Sumerians, and it
was in the form of shaped signs. What is this type of writing
called?
a.
b.
c.
d.
hieroglyphics
Greek
Cursive
Cuneiform
2. What is the name of the river or rivers that developed in
Mesopotamia?
a.
b.
c.
d.
the
the
the
the
Nile
Yellow and Black Rivers
Tigris and the Euphrates
Indus River
3. What is one of the earliest codes of law we know?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Portguese
Code of Hammurabi
Code of Egypt
Code of Pyramids
4. When did the first civilizations emerge?
a.
b.
c.
d.
5,000 years ago
150 years ago
20,000 years ago
500 years ago
5. What did “hierarchical society” mean?
6. What marks the birth of history?
a.
b.
c.
d.
the invention of writing
Mesopotamian magic
A system of control
Government
TASK 2: How did the first empires emerge?
1. The construction of irrigation _____________________ allowed for
remarkable developments to take place.
2 Fill in the social pyramid diagram appropriately with the following
terms:
King
Empire
Slaves/citizens
Civil servants
Governors
3 Which two buildings stood out in Mesopotamia?
a. walls
b. palace
c. temple
TASK 3: What was society like in the first civilizations?
1. What is the name of the civil servant who specialized in registering
laws in writing and commercial transactions?
i.
ii.
iii.
iv.
a lawyer
a priest
a scribe
the aristocracy
2. Schools in Mesopotamia were for everyone, including women and poor
people.
True
False
3. Explain what barter system means, and give an example.
4. Women were the property of men and when they worked, they made
more money than men
True
False
TASK 4 What was culture like in Mesopotamia?
1.What does polytheistic mean?
v.
vi.
vii.
viii.
that people went shopping a lot for shoes
the idea that there is only one God
the idea that there are many Gods
that the Gods would get mad at you and turn you into
a small animal
2.The _______________ were in charge of religious rituals.
3.Aristocracy refers to:
ix.
x.
xi.
xii.
peasants
craftsmen
geniuses who created new ways of thinking
the king, his family and the nobility
4. The first schools in the history of humanity were found in
Mesopotamia.
True
False
5. In architecture, the materials used for construction were __________
and _______________.
Chapter 12: Ancient Greece
TASK 1: What territories did the Greek world consist of?
1. What are the Olympics? Describe the events, and how often they took
place.
2. Where was Ancient Greece located? South Asia, near where India is
today
a. Eastern peninsula of Africa, and the Islas Canarias
b. Southern area of the Balkan peninsula and some islands
c. Northern Europe, near Denmark and the Mediterranean
3.The ancient Greeks lived in small in independent cities, where each
had its own government, laws, and army, and this is why they called
city-states or polis
True
False
4. Why was it difficult to communicate by land?
a.
b.
c.
d.
Because
Because
Because
Because
they didn’t have cars
they wanted to trade only by water instead
there were lots of mountains
there were too many people
5. A part of the population was forced to emigrate. Small groups of
people went across the Mediterranean and founded _______________.
6.Alexander the Great conquered land as far as the ________________, in
India
TASK 2: What was the history of the Greeks?
1
2
B.C.
3
0
A.D.
On the timeline above, label each main age of ancient Greece – the
Archaic Age, the Classical Age, and the Hellenistic Age. Give at least one
characteristic of each age.
2.Who was Herodotus, and why was he important?
Task 3: Why was Athens the main polis?
1. Which of the following was NOT a development of ancient Greece?
a.
b.
c.
d.
democracy
theater
philosophy
technology
2.What does ‘democracy’ mean? How does it operate?
3.The Athenians attached great importance to education.
true
false
4.What was the political system of Athens?
a.
b.
c.
d.
populism
democracy
republic
communism
Task 4: Who did the Greeks fight against?
1.The Persian War is different from the Peloponnesian War because it is
not a civil war.
True
false
2. The Persian Wars took place because:
a.
b.
c.
d.
the
the
the
the
Greeks
Greeks
Greeks
Greeks
rebelled
rebelled
rebelled
rebelled
against
against
against
against
the Athenians
the Armenians
the Persians
Peloponnesus
3.The intervention of the Athenian soldiers, called ____________, was very
important in winning these wars.
4.The governance and society of Sparta was very different from Athens.
Describe how they were different.
5.The Peloponnesian War was:
a.
b.
c.
d.
a
a
a
a
civil
civil
civil
civil
war
war
war
war
between
between
between
between
Athens and Peloponnesus
the soldiers and the citizens
races
Athens and Sparta
6.Eventually, Athens lost the war, and the Greek city-states were
weakened.
True
false
Chapter 14: The Roman Empire
TASK 1: What do we call the Roman Empire?
2. An empire is:
a.
b.
c.
d.
a type of dress
a monarchy
a lot of land ruled by animals
an extensive territory under the same government
3. The River ___________ forms a meander near its mouth,
around ______________.
4. The __________, a people from the centre of Italy, conquered
the seven hills in the 7th century and turned the small
villages into a city : ______________.
5. The Etruscans did not form a single state; they were a
collection of autonomous cities ruled by kings.
True
False
6. During the period of Etruscan influence, Rome was a
________ ruled by a king assisted by a Senate.
7. The Romans threw out the Etruscan monarchs and
established the republic.
True
False
TASK 2: What happened during the monarchy and the republic?
1. In the beginning, Rome was ruled by _______________.
2. When the Romans threw out the _________________, they
established a ______________.
3. Define this word: comitia.
4. Who were the patricians? What did they do?
5. The plebeians were the:
a.
b.
c.
d.
the workers for the entire city
people who always had the right to vote
the ones who never struggled
the immigrants and foreigners that were the largest group
6. Slaves were prisoners of war or sons of kings and queens.
True
False
TASK 4: What was life like during the empire?
1. The peace of the empire was guaranteed by:
a.
b.
c.
d.
wars all the time
a professional army
football players
women and children
2.The emperor was the head of the army
True
False
3. The most expensive products arrived at the ports of all of the following
cities EXCEPT:
a.
b.
c.
d.
Alexandria
Antioch
Bilbao
Byzantium
4.When did the most art and literature take place? In wartime or at
peace?
5. What is the difference between citizens and patricians?
6. Roman women could not take part in political life, but had other
rights such as owning property, run businesses, and participate in
activities and parties.
True
False
TASK 5: Why did the Roman Empire go into crisis?
1. What people applied pressure from the north? Why were they
called barbarians?
2. Who applied pressure from the east?
3. Taxes increased because:
a. Everyone was spending money
b. Military expenses were high
c. They had to protect themselves from the women
d. People kept moving away
4. What does “ruralization” mean?
5. What did the emperor Constantine do that other emperors did not
do?
a.
b.
c.
d.
tolerated Christianity so as to unify his people internally
divided the empire into different sections
pushed all the foreign people out of the country
sailed on his boat all the time
6. The Huns were commanded by a man named ________________
Chapter 16: The Iberian Peninsula
TASK 1: Who were the Iberians and the Celts?
1. The Iberians lived near rivers in high areas so they could:
a.
b.
c.
d.
have lots of water
protect themselves better
get away from foreigners
so they could live by waterfalls
2. The economy was based on agriculture, and the most important
crops were:
3. ______________ gained importance because they were lots of silver
and gold deposits in their territory.
4. How were the Iberians socially organized? Who was the regulus,
and was everyone considered equally?
5. The Celts lived in castros, which were:
a.
b.
c.
d.
cities made of gold
types of houses
high, walled villages
circular rooms
6. Name a few things the Celts worshipped.
7. In what way were the funeral practices of the Celts and Iberians
similar?
8. The Iberian economy was based on architecture.
True
False
9. The Celtic economy was mainly pastoral. What does “pastoral”
mean?
TASK 2: What peoples colonized the Iberian peninsula?
1. Tartessos was the oldest kingdom of the Iberian Peninsula.
True
False
2. It was settled in _________ Valley and its influence stretched all
over Andalucia and ______________.
3. The Phoenicians, were excellent:
a.
b.
c.
d.
seafarers, ship builders and craftsmen
merchants, ship builders, and seafarers
fishermen
warriors and merchants
4. The Phoenicians acted as “trade intermediaries” between
countries. Explain what this means.
5. The arrival of Greeks in the Iberian Peninsula is mainly for trade
reasons. What were the products that most interested the Greeks?
a.
b.
c.
d.
metals, salt and diamonds
sand, salt and diamonds
metals, salt, and esparto
cheese, milk, and grapes
6. What is a sarcophagus?
7. The __________ came after the Phoenicians and extended their reign
over colonies like Ibiza and Cartagena.
8. What was the language of ancient Rome that reached the whole known
world?