Taxonomy and Kingdoms Review Sheet
Use your book (Chp. 18) and your Six Kingdoms Foldable to Study.
1. The science of naming and classifying organisms is called taxonomy.
2. Linnaeus’s two-word system for naming organisms is called binomial nomenclature.
3. A(n) genus is a taxonomic category containing similar species.
4. The unique two-part name for a species is called a scientific name. The first word is the genus and the
second part is the species . The first letter of the Genus name is always capitalized and the first letter
of the second part is always lowercase . Scientific names are always underlined or italicized.
5. Determine the correct order of the categories from largest (most general) to smallest (most
specific). Number the largest 1, smallest 8.
3 phylum
4 class
5 order
8 species
6 family
2 kingdom
7 genus
1 domain
6. There are 3 superkingdoms or domains: Bacteria, Archae, and Eukarya.
Label the following characteristics with the domain they are associated with.
Archae
Oldest domain
Eukarya
Eukarya
Archae
Includes animals
True multicellularity
Includes methanogens
Bacteria
contains all eubacteria
Eukarya
Eukarya
Bacteria
cells have a nucleus
contains organelles within cells
cell walls of peptidoglycan
II. Fill in the chart below about each of the kingdoms. Use the vocabulary terms from above.
I. Match the following words to the correct description.
G
1. Autotrophic
D
2. Cell membrane
C
3. Cell wall
B
4. Eukaryotic
I
5. Heterotrophic
F
6. Multicellular
H
7. Photosynthetic
A
8. Prokaryotic
E
9. Unicellular
A. organisms that lack nuclei & membrane
bound organelles; bacteria; monerans
B. organisms that have nuclei & membrane
bound organelles
C. rigid structure found outside of the cell
membrane for support and shape
D. structure found surrounding the
cytoplasm of all cells; separates the
contents of the cell from the
environment; helps maintain homeostasis
E. composed of only one cell
F. composed of many cells that function
together to maintain the homeostasis of
the organisms
G. organisms that make their own food; do
not eat
H. organisms that make their own food
using chloroplasts which capture light
I.
energy and convert it to chemical energy
using CO2 & H2O
organisms that eat other organisms
II. Fill in the chart below about each of the kingdoms. Use the vocabulary terms from above.
Prokaryotic or
Multicellular or
Autotroph or
Examples of
Eukaryotic
Unicellular
Heterotroph
Organisms
Archaebacteria
Domain Archae
Pro
Uni
Both
Methanogens,
Thermophiles
Eubacteria
Domain Bacteria
Pro
Uni
Both
E.coli,
Streptococcus
Protista
Domain Eukarya
Euk
Both
Both
Algae, Euglena
Fungi
Domain Eukarya
Euk
Both (most multi)
Hetero
Mushroom, mold,
mildew, yeast
Plantae
Domain Eukarya
Euk
Multi
Auto
Trees, flowers,
ivy, grass
Animalia
Domain Eukarya
Euk
Multi
Hetero
All vertebrates
and inverts
1. Differentiate between the kinds of Archaebacteria. (Methanogens, Thermophiles, Halophiles)
Halophiles- found in salty places, Thermophiles-found in hot places, Methanogens-found in places without
oxygen (All of these are types of Archaebacteria)
2. Compare the cell walls of the two domains that include bacteria.
Eubacteria- cell walls of peptidoglycan
Archaebacteria- cell walls of lipids, uncommon in any other organisms
3. Briefly describe the kinds of protists in Kingdom Protista.
Animallke protists that swim using flagella are referred to as zooflagellates and some cause disease like
malaria
Plantlike protists, like algae and euglenophytes contain chloroplasts that allows them to photosynthesize
and are referred to as phytoplankton
Funguslike protists are heterotrophic, like fungus, that absorb nutrients from dead and decaying matter.
They play key roles in cycling nutrients.
4. Briefly discuss the kinds of Fungi.
Fungi like mushrooms play an essential role in ecosystems, where they recycle nutrients by breaking down
the bodies and wastes of other organisms.
Other Fungi are parasites and cause diseases in plants and animals, a few even cause diseases in humans
(athlete’s foot)
5. List and describe the four basic kinds of plants.
Bryophytes-mosses and other non-vascular plants
Seedless Vascular Plants-ferns, club mosses and horsetails
Seed Plants-gymnosperms (conifers); have seeds to protect the plant embyro
Angiosperms-flowers and fruit bearing plants
6. What is the difference between an invertebrate and a vertebrate in the Animal kingdom?
Invertebrates have no backbone (sponges, worms)
Vertebrates have a backbone (reptiles, birds, mammals)
7. Why is classification important?
Provides a standard for communication among Biologists, regardless of their native language
8. Who developed binomial nomenclature and describe its characteristics.
Linnaeus.
• Means “2 word naming system”
• 2 different organisms cannot have the same scientific name
• organisms can share one part of their scientific name w/another organism
9. Explain how scientific names are written and give an example.
• Genus (always capitalized)
• species (lower case)
• either underlined or italics (only if printed on printer)
• this is considered the Scientific Name!
10. What is a dichotomous key? Make sure you are able to work through a key to identify organisms
•
•
•
Identification Key
Contains pairs of contrasting descriptions (A or B)
The correct description either leads to another pair of descriptions or identifies the
object.