Student Name: ______________________________
Class ID# ________
UNIT TWO TEST – STUDY GUIDE
1. Define primer.
2. Define carrier screening
3. Define genome
4. Define phenotype
5. Define genotype
6. Define karyotype
7. What is a restriction enzyme’s function?
8. Define DNA denaturation
9. Define PCR (including what does it stand for)?
10. Define SNP (including what does it stand for)?
11. What are the three stages of a PCR cycle?
a. Include what happens in each stage and at what temperature each stage occurs.
12. Define single gene disorder
13. Define multifactorial disorder
14. Define chromosomal disorder
15. Define mitochondrial disorder
16. What does a genetic counselor do?
17. Differentiate between amniocentesis and chorionic villus sampling.
a. Include when each is performed, what technique is used & the risks associated with.
18. What can a fetal ultrasound detect?
19. How many chromosomes does every somatic cell in a human contain?
20. What is the role of Taq polymerase in a PCR?
a. Include which stage it functions within and what it actually does.
21. Why do we use Taq polymerase in a PCR?
22. Define RFLP
23. Define gene therapy
24. Define vector
25. How many RFLPs would show up on a gel if a DNA sequence was cut four times with a
restriction enzyme?
26. Define cloning
27. Define allele
28. Define supernatant
29. Differentiate between therapeutic cloning and reproductive cloning
30. Give an example of how therapeutic cloning could be applied.
31. Give an example of how reproductive cloning could be applied.