SBI3C
Name:
Characteristics of Bacteria Worksheet
Big Idea!
Bacteria are microscopic organisms that lack a membrane-bound nucleus and membrane-bound organelles.
Ideas
Bacteria are usually unicellular prokaryotes.
Bacteria reproduced by binary fission or conjugation.
Bacteria can survive harsh conditions by forming endospores.
Words
Plasmids
endospores
binary fission
conjugation
Part A
Match each lettered part of the diagram to its cell structure by writing its letter on the line provided.
_____ 1. DNA
_____ 2. Cell membrane
_____ 3. Flagella
_____ 4. Cell Wall
_____ 5. Pili
_____ 6. Cytoplasm
Part B
Match each term in Column B with its description in Column A by writing its letter on the line provided.
_____ 1. small pieces of circular DNA
_____ 2. chromosome replication, followed by cell division
_____ 3. special, dehydrated cell formed when conditions are unfavorable
_____ 4. exchange of genetic material through cell-to-cell contact
_____ 5. hair-like structures on the surface of bacteria
a. binary fission
b. conjugation
c. endospore
d. pili
e. plasmid
Part C
1. How does binary fission differ from
conjugation?
2. What is a way in which Bacteria can share genetic information?
3. What is the main feature that distinguishes Bacteria cells from cells of other organisms in other kingdoms?
4. Name the 4 shapes of bacteria.
a.
b.
c.
d.
Archaebacteria and Eubacteria
1. What are three types of environments in which archaebacteria are found?
2. Where is the genetic material of a bacterium found?
3. What structure do some bacteria use to move?
Lesson Key Words
Eubacteria
Archaebacteria
Unicellular
Prokaryotic
Asexual reproduction
Binary fission
Methonogen
Halophilic
Thermophilic
Compare/Contrast Archaea and Eubacteria
Archaea ONLY
TERMS:
Unicellular
Prokaryotic
Plasmid DNA
Cell wall
Pili
flagella
thrive in extreme conditions
can live without oxygen
thermophiles
methanogens
halophiles
live everywhere
form colonies
some aerobic and some anaeorobic
come in different shapes
E.coli is an example
Peptidoglycan in cell wall
Eubacteria ONLY
Archaea & Eubacteria
Board Notes
Bacteria Structure - What do you see?
Nucleus?
DNA?
Number of cells?
Cell wall?
Other structures?
Other organelles?
Archaea – early or primitive
- Derived from one of the oldest groups of living organisms on earth
- They thrive under extreme conditions (conditions that other organisms cannot tolerate)
- Many live without oxygen
- 3 types: thermophiles, methanogens, halophiles
- Thermophiles live in extremely HOT environments (over 45) like hot springs
- Methanogens grow on H2 and CO2 to procude methane gas, foundin places LOW in O2 like deep sea vents,
swapms, intestines (these are decomposers)
- Halophiles live in very salt environments
Eubacteria – more common bacteria that are found everywhere
- Shape - (coccus, bacillus, spirillus), formation of colonies
- Cell wall composition – amount of peptidoglycan in their cell wall
- respiration: aerobic (use oxygen) and anaerobic bacteria (don’t use oxygen, use sulphur)
- Anaerobic example  (e. Coli is an example of this).
- what they eat (autotrophs, chemosynthetic, heterotrophs)
- autotrophs – make their own food from inorganic substances
- heterotrophs – break down organic compounds for energy (most bacteria are heterotrophs)
- chemosynthetic – use chemical reactions as their energy source
optimum conditions for bacteria to survive? – constant temperature, standard food source