FREEDOM WALKERS Review Packet
How many days did the Montgomery bus boycott last?
What years was the Montgomery bus boycott? Page xi
What state is Montgomery in?
Name: ________________________
Where did African Americans have to sit on the bus? Page 1
What is it called when black people and white people are separated? Page 1
What were the laws called that enforced the system of white supremacy that discriminated against blacks and kept them in their place as second class citizens? Page 1.
Name three places people were segregated by race.
What constitutional right were blacks denied?
What is the tax called that was required to vote? Page 2.
The poll tax was required for whom? Page 2.
All voters had to pass a test. What was this test called? Page 2.
Why did the poll tax prevent blacks and some whites from voting? Page 2.
Who said as she looked back at it as the most humiliating experience of her life, “a deep hurt that would not heal”?
Page 4
What college in Alabama was an all-black college? Page 4.
Who said “I took the fifth row seat from the font and sat down immediately closing my eyes and envisioning in my mind’s eye the wonderful two-week vacation I would have with my family and friends in Ohio”? Page 5
How many seats on the bus were reserved for whites? Page 7.
What is the organization called that JoAnn Robinson joined that advanced black community interests? Page 8
On the buses, who had the power to expand the white section? Page 8
How did blacks enter the buses? Page 8
What is the name of the church many Alabama State Teachers attended? Page 10
Under what circumstance was the Women’s Political Council founded? Page 10
When JoAnn Robinson was elected president of the Women’s Political Council, what issue took priority? Page 10
What was different with bus stops in black neighborhoods than the bus stops in white neighborhoods? Page 10
In 1954 the front page of a newspaper said the US Supreme Court had declared that segregation in the nation’s public schools was unconstitutional. What was the name of the newspaper? Page 11

What is the name of the Mayor of Montgomery? Page 12
In her letter to Mayor Gale, what did Jo Ann Robinson say blacks were talking about doing? Page 12
Why was Edwina and Marshall Johnson arrested? Page 14
Who said “It’s my constitutional right to sit here just as much as that (white) lady”. Page 16
Who bailed Claudette Colvin out of jail? Page 17
What was E.D. Nixon employed as? Page 19
What organization did E.D. Nixon start? Page 19
What does NAACP stand for? Page 19
Why did Fred Gray go to law school in Ohio? Page 20
How many black attorneys were in Montgomery? Page 20
What was Claudette Colvin found guilty of? . Page 20
What position did Rosa have in the NAACP? Page 23
What did Rosa Parks do to earn money to pay for laboratory school at Alabama State College? . Page 25
Who said, “I had a high school diploma, but I could only get jobs that didn’t need a diploma”. Page 25
Rosa Parks didn’t give up her seat on the bus. Some people thought it was for a reason that wasn’t true. What was that reason? Page 27
Who said, “As I sat there, I tried not to think about what might happen. I knew that anything was possible. I could be manhandled or beaten.” Page 28
Who was the first person Rosa Parks saw when she was released from jail? Page 30
“There were tears in her eyes, and she seemed shaken, probably wondering what they had done to me. As soon as they released me, she put her arms around me, and hugged and kissed me as if we were sisters.” Page 30-31
Why did Nixon decide to fight Rosa Park’s case and not Claudette Colvin’s case? Page 31 (Reference page 20)
“I decided that I would have to know once and for all what rights I had as a human being and a citizen, even in
Montgomery, Alabama.” Page 33
Instead of grading exams, Robinson and her friends went to Alabama State College to do what? Page 33
At the Court Square bus shelter, someone posted a sign written on a piece of cardboard that said, PEOPLE DON’T
RIDE THE BUSES TODAY. DON’T RIDE IT FOR _____. Ride it for what? Page 37
What was different about the bus Corretta King saw out of the front window that made her cry? Page 37
What is Martin Luther King’s wife’s name? page 37

In Montgomery, who besides the bus company was suffering due to lack of business during the bus boycott? Page
59
The commissioners had thought of a way to end the bus boycott. What did they think would end it? Page 62
What did policemen do in an effort to aid the halt of the bus boycott? Pages 62-63
“If you have weapons, take them home. If you do not have them, please do not seek to get them…Remember, we are not advocating violence…We must meet hate with love.” Page 66
Instead of being arrested, boycotters turned themselves in. Martin Luther King Jr. wanted to join them. Who tried to talk him out of turning himself in? Page 69
At one time, being arrested had terrified the black community. When they turned themselves in, what did they consider being arrested? Page 71
After Martin Luther King Jr.’s house was bombed, who filed papers in federal court challenging bus segregation as a violation of the United States Constitution. Pages 71-72
What was Martin Luther King Jr. found guilty of Page 78.
What did the White Citizens Council try to do to halt the rolling churches Page 80
As Martin Luther King Jr. and many others sat in a courtroom during the injunction of the ban on carpooling, on
November 13, what ruling came from the Supreme Court? Page 83
Between the time the Supreme Court ruled to ban segregation and the time it actually took effect was five weeks.
What plan did Reverend S. S. Seay coordinate to transport blacks? Page 84
Before blacks were allowed to ride busses, black leaders held meetings twice a week to teach something. What did they teach Page 85
Who was one of the first black men to board a bus after the segregation laws were ruled unconstitutional? Page 87
The Montgomery bus boycott marked the beginning of what movement? Page 89
Young black and white people rode buses through the South, testing a Supreme Court decision that ordered integrated facilities for all interstate passengers. What were these people called? Page 91
Where did Martin Luther King Jr. stand to give his “I Have a Dream” speech? Page 94
Who, in 1963m asked Congress to pass a federal law that would end legal segregation? Page 95
What act was considered the highest achievement of the civil rights movement Page 95
Rosa Parks is celebrated as the Mother of something. Mother of what? Page 97
“There are hundreds of people who made a contribution. The children coming on behind us ought to know the truth about this. The truth will set you free.” Page