4.6 – Plant Development
1.
2.
Compare the following types of meristem tissue.
- shoot apical meristems
- root apical meristems
- lateral meristems
Explain each of the following.
Primary Growth
Secondary Growth Differentiation
4.8 - Roots & Stems
1.
2.
Compare taproots to fibrous roots and state one example for each.
Draw figure 2 on page 295 and then state the function of the 4 labels:
Root hair, zone of maturation, zone of elongation, apical meristem, root cap
3.
Compare the distribution of vascular bundles in monocot stems to dicot stems.
4.
Explain how vascular cambium (lateral meristem) contributes to the formation of
annual rings.
4.10 Leaves
1.
2.
3.
4.
Explain the following terms:
Vein,
internode,
node
Compare a simple leaf to a compound leaf.
Draw figure 3 on page 302 and then state the function of the following labels:
Vein, cuticle, upper/lower epidermis, palisade/spongy mesophyll, guard cells
Explain how guard cells regulate the gases and vapours that pass through the
stomata.
4.6 – Plant Development
ANSWERS
Use section 4.6 in your text to answer the following questions.
1.
Compare the following types of meristem tissue.
- shoot apical meristems
- root apical meristems
- lateral meristems
2.
CELL DIVISION TO INCREASE THE
LENGTH OF THE SHOOTS
CELL DIVISION TO INCREASE THE
LENGTH OF THE ROOTS
CELL DIVISION TO INCREASE THE WIDTH
OF THE ROOTS AND SHOOTS
Explain each of the following.
Primary Growth
Secondary Growth
Differentiation
Growth of all apical meristem and 1st year
lateral meristem
Growth of lateral meristem aftyer the first year
A process following cell division where the cells
will specialize.
4.8 - Roots & Stems
Use section 4.8 in your text to answer the following questions.
1.
Compare taproots to fibrous roots and state one example for each.
Taproots are mostly primary growth with very little secondary growth.
ie; carrots, dandelions
Fibrous roots have as much primary as secondary growth.
ie; trees
2.
Draw figure 2 on page 295 and then state the function of the 4 labels:
Root hair,
zone of maturation,
zone of elongation,
apical meristem,
root cap
3.
Extensive of the epidermal cells increase absorption
Area following cell division where differentiation occurs
Area where differentiated cells increase in size
Area where cell division occurs to increase the length.
Protects the meristem as the roots pushes through the soil
Compare the distribution of vascular bundles in monocot stems to dicot stems.
In monocot stems, vascular bundles are distributed randomly throughout the
stem.
In dicot stems, vascular bundles are arranged into a ring
4.
Explain how vascular cambium (lateral meristem) contributes to the formation of
annual rings.
Vascular cambium produces phloem to the outside and xylem to the inside.
Each year, the xylem formed is wide in the spring and narrow in the
summer. This spring-summer growth forms what looks like a ring and it
keeps doing it year after year.
4.10 Leaves
Use section 4.10 in your text to answer the following questions.
1.
Explain the following terms:
Vein,
internode,
node
The vascular tissue carrying water to the leaves (xylem) and
sap away from the leaves (phloem)
The space on a stem in between nodes
The pointof attachement of leaves to the stem.
2.
Compare a simple leaf to a compound leaf.
Simple leaves have a single blade.
Compound leaves have many blades.
3.
Draw figure 3 on page 302 and then state the function of the following labels:
Vein,
The vascular tissue carrying water to the leaves (xylem) and sap away
from the leaves (phloem)
cuticle,
Waxy layer, waterproof over the epidermis that protects from
evaporation
upper/lower epidermis,
The cover layers for the leaf.
palisade/spongy mesophyll,
The inner layers of the leaf. The palisade is tightly packed to
maximize photosynthesis and the spongy layer is loosely packed to
allow agses and vapour to move quickly
guard cells Regulates the opening of the stomates.
4.
Explain how guard cells regulate the gases and vapours that pass through the
stomata.
When the stomata needs to be open, the guard cells gain water and swell.
When the stomata needs to be close, the guard cells lose water and shrink.