List of some important and commonly used drugs* This list should facilitate the study of pharmacology by indexing some important or commonly used pharmacological agents selected from the plethora of drugs described in pharmacology textbooks. It is not intended as a material to memorize. The student should be able to characterize shortly the individual agents (given in generic [non-proprietary] names), especially their mechanism of action, typical uses, adverse reactions, and other important aspects of these drugs. The trade names [proprietary names] are given here only as examples and are not required at the examination. On the other hand, ignorance of non-proprietary drugs of primary importance (printed bold) can greatly contribute to the failure at the examination. However, I would like to emphasize that it is still more important to acquire a good orientation in pharmacology, to understand general pharmacological principles and to appreciate the pharmacology of the main classes of drugs. The list is based on the ATC classification recommended by the WHO, which is now used internationally. Prof. M. Kršiak, MD, DSc. Department of Pharmacology, 3rd Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague Remarks, queries : Miloslav.Krsiak@lf3.cuni.cz *version 030129 Proprietary names Non-proprietary (generic) names Secondary Primary A. ALIMENTARY TRACT AND METABOLISM A01AA Caries prophylactic agents Natrium fluoratum A02A Antacids aluminium hydroxide magnesium hydroxide A02B drugs for treatment of peptic ulcer A02AB H2-receptor antagonists ranitidine Anacid Ranisan cimetidine famotidine A02BB Prostaglandins misoprostol A02BC proton pump inhibitors omeprazole A02BX Other drugs for treatment of peptic ulcer sucralfate A03A antispasmodic and anticholinergic agents atropine papaverine butylskopolamine pitofenon+ A03D Antispasmodics in combination with analgetics metamizol + other drugs propyphenazone + codeine A03F Drugs promoting gastrointestinal motility metoklopramide Buscopan Algifen Spasmoveralgin Neo A04 Antiemetic drugs ondansetron moxastine Kinedryl, Nokinal A05 Liver therapy silymarine Flavobion A06 Laxatives bisacodyl sodium picosulfate senna lactulose glycerin Suppositoria glycerini suppository Fenolax Guttalax [chloroxine] Endiaron carbo medicinalis Carbosorb, Carbotox loperamide Imodium A07 Antidiarrheals A07A Intestinal antiinfectives A07B Intestinal adsorbents A07 Antipropulsives A07E Intestinal antiinflammatory drugs mesalazine A08 Antiobesity preparations phentermine sibutramine orlistat [C10AX] A09 Digestives A09AA Enzyme preparations lipase, protease and other Pancreolan Forte A10 Antidiabetic therapy A10A Insulins insulin A10AB -short-acting insulins Insulin-Mono N A10AC -intermediate-acting insulins Insulin-Mono D Insulin-Mono ID A10AD - long-acting insulins A10B ORAL ANTIDIABETICS A10BA Biguanides metformin A10BB Sulfonylureas tolbutamide glibenclamide Dirastan Maninil glipizide A10BF Alfaglucosidase inhibitors acarbose Minidiab A11 Vitamins ascorbic acid retinol thiamine Celaskon riboflavin Pyridoxin pyridoxine nicotinamide B-Komplex Vitamin E tocoferol ergocalciferol A12 Minerals calcium Infadin calcium carbonate calcium chlorate Calcium 500 mg tbl.eff. Calcium Chloratum potassium potassium chlorate magnesium magesium sulfate Magnesium sulfuricum sodium fluoride Ossin retard fluoride B. BLOOD AND BLOODFORMING ORGANS B01 ANTICOAGULANT DRUGS warfarin ethylbiscoumaceta Pelentan te heparin low molecular weight heparins enoxaparin dalteparin heparin antidote protamine sulfate B01AC Platelet aggregation inhibitors Anopyrin acetylsalicylic acid ticlopidine clopidogrel B01AD fibrinolytics streptokinase alteplase recombinant (t-PA) B02A Antifibrinolytics tranexamic acid B02 Hemostatics vitamin K Kanavit fresh frozen plasma terlipressin gelatine Gelaspon B03 Antianemics ferrous sulfate folic acid Vitamin B 12 cyanocobalamin erythropoietin B05AA Plasma substitutes human albumin dextran B05BB I. v. solutions, electrolyte solutions sodium chloride glucose Infusio natrii chl.isot. Infusio glucosi 5,10,20,40% c cardiovascular systEm C01A cardiac glycosides, cardiotonics digoxin C01CA Adrenergic and dopaminergic agents adrenaline dobutamine dopamine noradrenaline C01BA Antiarrythmics Class I .Sodium channel-blocking drugs quinidine procainamide trimecaine propafenone Class II. Beta-blockers Class III. potassium channel blockers amiodarone sotalol Class IV. calcium channel blockers verapamil C01D Vasodilators C01DA Nitrates glycerol trinitrate Digoxin 0.125, 0.250 Nitro Mack retard Nitroglycerin isosorbide mononitrate isosorbide dinitrate Iso Mack retard C01DX Other molsidomine C04 Peripheral vasodilators pentoxiphylline Agapurin retard etophylline Oxyphyllin xantinol nicotinate Xanidil retard naftidrofuryl C02 ANTIHYPERTENSIVES Dusodril C02A Antiadrenergic agents, centrally acting methyldopa clonidine [moxonidine] C02C Antiadrenergic agents, peripherally acting prazosin doxazosin C02D Agents acting on arteriolar smooth muscle dihydralazine sodium nitroprusside C03 DIURETICS C03A Low ceiling diuretics C03AA Thiazides hydrochlorothia-zide C03BA Sulfonamides chlorthalidone indapamide C03C High ceiling diuretics, loop diuretics furosemide C03D Potassium sparring agents spironolactone amiloride C03E Diuretics in combinations amiloride+hydrochlorothiazide. Moduretic, Rhefluin amiloride+ chlorthalidone Amicloton [Osmotic diuretics] mannitol C07 Beta blocking agents ( beta –adrenoceptor antagonists) plain, non- selective without ISA [ISA (intrinsic sympathomimetic activity)] metipranolol Trimepranol [propranolol] plain, non selective with ISA bopindolol beta1-selektive without ISA metoprolol atenolol betaxolol C08 CALCIUM CHANNEL-BLOCKING DRUGS (calcium antagonists) C08C With mostly vascular effect C08CA Dihydropyridine derivates 1. generation Sandonorm Apo-metoprolol, Vasocardin Atenolol von CT, Tenormin Lokren Cordipin, Cordipin retard nifedipine 2. generation isradipine amlodipine nitrendipine C08D With direct cardial effect Lomir Norvasc verapamil Diacordin diltiazem C09A ACE inhibitors( Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors) captopril Enap 10 enalapril lisinopril C09C Angiotensin II antagonists losartan valsartan C10 LIPID-LOWERING DRUGS C10AA Statins (Competitive inhibitors of hydroxymethyl-glutaryl coenzyme A [HMG CoA] reductase) lovastatin simvastatin Zocor pravastatin fluvastatin atorvastatin C10AB Fibrates Lipanthyl fenofibrate gemfibrozil C10AC bile acid-binding resin colestyramine Isoptin Lovacard Lipostat Lescol Gevilon C05 Vasoprotectives [rutoside, esculin aj] [troxerutin] [rutoside, ascorbic acid] [heparinoidum] Anavenol Cilkanol Ascorutin Heparoid C05A Antihemorrhoidals lysatum bacteriale mixtum, cinchocaine Aviril H D Dermatologicals D01A Antifungals for topicals use nistatin terbinafine undecylenic acid D01AC Imidazole derivates clotrimazole Fungicidin Lamisil Mykoseptin Canesten oxiconazole Myfungar ichthammol Ichtoxyl D05AA TARS D06A Antibiotics for topical use mupirocin neomycin+bacitra cin D06Bb antivirals [for topical use] aciclovir Bactroban Framykoin , Pamycon … Zovirax, Herpesin [dihydroxypropyla deninum] Duvira D07 Corticosteroids for local treatment weak hydrocortisone moderately potent triamcinolone dexamethasone very potent betamethasone fluocinolone acetamide budesonide Flucinar, Gelargin, Synalar D08 Antiseptics and disinfectants iodine preparations quternary ammonium compounds Jodisol sulphur tretinoin benzoyl peroxide erythromycin Acnepur Locacid, Retin-A Inoxitan Eryfluid Ajatin, Septonex D10 ANTI-ACNE PREPARATIONS KERATOLYTICS/KERATOPLASTICS salicylic acid ECTOPARASITICIDES lindane [P03AB02] G genito Urinary system and sex hormones G02A UterotoniCS (oxytocics) oxytocin [H01BB02] methylergometrine dinoprostone(PG E2) dinoprost (PG F2" ) g02ca Tocolytics fenoterol G03A Hormonal contraceptives (for systemic use) g03aa Progestogens and estrogens, fixed combinations [norgestimate and ethinylestradiol] [desogestrel and ethinylestradiol] [gestodene and ethinylestradiol] g03aB Progestogens and estrogens, sequential combination [levonorgestrel and ethinylestradiol] Cilest Marvelon, Mercilon Femoden Tri-regol, Triquilar G03C Estrogens estradiol Estraderm TTS estriol [ Anti-estrogens - l02ba ] tamoxifen [l02ba01] G03D Progestogens progesterone medroxyprogester one norethisterone levonorgestrel g03f ProGestagens and estrogens in combination G03FA Fixed combination norethisterone and estradiol G03FB Sequential combination G03B Androgens testosterone G03H Antiandrogens cyproterone G04A URINARY ANTISEPTICS AND ANTIINFECTIVES Kliogest oxolinic acid nitrofurantoin Desurol Furantoin [citric acid salts mixture] Alkalit G04BC Urinary concrement solvents G04BD URINARY ANTISPASMODICS G04BE03 Drugs used in erectile disorder sildenafil G04C Drugs used in men with benign prostatic hypertrophy alfuzosin finasteride Viagra Xatral 5-SR Proscar H systemic hormonal preparations, excl. sex hormones h01 pituitary and hypotalamic hormones oxytocin somatotropin somatostatin corticotropin (ACTH) lypressin h02 corticosteroids for systemic use H02AA Mineralocorticoids fludrocortizone acetate H02AB Glucocortikoids Hydrocortison solubile hydrocortisone prednisone Prednison prednisolone methylprednisolon e dexamethasone triamcinolone Dexamethason Triamcinolon H03A Thyroid preparations levothyroxine Euthyrox liothyronine potassium iodide H03B ANTIThyroid preparations carbimazole Carbimazol propylthiouracil H05B Anti-parathyroid hormones calcitonin Miacalcic nasal J general ANTIINFEcTIVes for systemic use J01A Tetracyclines tetracycline doxycycline J01BA01chloramphenicol chloramphenicol J01c Beta-lactam antibiotics j01ca broad spectrum penicillins ampicillin amoxicillin Anti-pseudomonas penicillins Deoxymykoin Chloramphenicol Ampicilin Amoclen ticarcillin j01cB Beta-lactamase sensitive penicillins benzylpenicillin procainebenzylpenicillin benzathinbenzylpenicillin (+procainebenzylpenicillin) fenoxymethylpenicillin j01cF Beta-lactamase resistant penicillins oxacilin j01cR Penicillins and beta-lactamase inhibitors clavulanic acid. (+ amoxicillin) J01DA Cephalosporins cefalexin cefaclor cefuroxime cefotaxime J01F Macrolides erythromycin roxithromycin spiramycin azithromycin clarithromycin antistaphylococcus antibiotics vancomycin clindamycin Penicilin G Prokain penicilin G, Pendepon compositum V-Penicilin, Ospen Augmentin Cefaclen Ceclor Z innat Emu-V Rulid Sumamed [oxacillin, erythromycin, cephalosporins and other] J01G Aminoglycosides gentamicin streptomycin neomycin J01M quinolones J01MA flouroquinolones ofloxacine ciprofloxacine Ofloxin Cifloxinal, Ciphin Gyrablock norfloxacine J01E Sulfonamides and trimethoprim cotrimoxazole[sulfamethoxazole + trimethoprim J01XD imidazole derivatives metronidazole Biseptol ornidazole J02A Antimycotics for systemic use J02AA Antimycotic antibiotics amphotericin J02AB Imidazole derivatives ketoconazole Nizoral fluconazole J04A Tuberculostatics rifampicin Arficin isoniazid pyrazinamide ethambutol J05 Antivirals for systemic use J05AB Nucleosides aciclovir J05AE Inhibitors HIV [antiretrovirals] zidovudine Zovirax, Herpesin saquinavir didanosine j06 immune sera antirabies serum J06B Immunoglobulins J06BA Immunoglobulins, normal human immunoglobulin G J06BB Specific immunoglobulins Anti-Rh 0(D) immunoglobulin J07 Vaccines J07A Bacterial vaccines diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis vaccine adsorbed tetanus immunoglobulin BCG-vaccine Alditepera Tetavax J07B Viral vaccines Rabbies vaccine Influenza vaccine Hepatitis vaccine Measles vaccine etc. l CYTOSTATIcs And IMmuNOMODULAting agents L01 Antineoplastics L01A Alkylating agents cyclophosphamide lomustine L01B Antimetabolites methotrexate fludarabine cytarabine fluorouracil L01C Plant alkaloids and other natural products vincristine etoposide paclitaxel docetaxel L01D Cytotoxic antibiotics L01DB Anthracyclines doxorubicin L01X Other cytostatics cisplatin carboplatin L02 Endocrine therapy of cancers L02AB Progestogens medroxyprogester one L02BA Anti-estrogens tamoxifen L02BB Anti-androgens flutamide L02BG Ezyme inhibitors anastrozolum L03A Immunostimulating agents L03AA Cytokines filgrastim L03AB Interferons interferon beta L03AX Other immunomodulating agents various immunostimulatin g agents L04A Immunosupressive agents cyklosporine azathioprine [methotrexate] [cyclophosphamid Taxol Betaferon IRS 19, Biostim, Imudon aj Sandimmun e] M Musculo-skeletal system M01A antiimflammatory and antirheumatic products (NSA) Ibuprofen 400, ibuprofen Ibuprofen 200 tiaprofenic acid Surgam ketoprofen naproxen diclofenac Diclofenac 50, Diclofenac 25 indometacin piroxicam nimesulide celecoxib M01c Specific antirheumatic agents gold salts penicillamine M02A topical products for joint and muscular pain ibuprofen ketoprofen diclofenac indomethacin salicylic acid, etc. M03A muscle relaxants, peripherally acting agents nondepolarizing agents (antagonists) tubocurarine atracurium vecuronium depolarizing agents (agonists) suxamethonium M03B Muscle relaxants, centrally acting agents baclofen tizanidine mephenoxalone [N05BX0] etc. M03C Muscle relaxants, directly acting dantrolene DRUGS FOR TREATMENT OF GOUT Drugs for acute attacks of gout [colchicine] NSAid ( e.g. diclofenac) Long-term control of gout (MO4A antiuratics) allopurinol M05 agents that affect bone mineral homeostasis M05BA Bisphosphonates alendronic acid Calcitonin – [see H05B] Calcium - [see A12] Dolgit crm Veral gel Elmetacin Aphlox Dimexol Mydocalm Milurit Fosamax Calcium tbl eff Fluorine - [see A12] fluorine + calcium Colecalciferol - [see A11] Estrogens - [see G03C a G03F] M09 Other drugs for disorders of the musculo-skeletal systém hyaluronic acid Hyalgan Fluocalcic tbl eff N. central nervous system N01 Anesthetics N01A Anesthtics general Inhalational halothan nitrous oxide isoflurane [ether] Intravenous thiopental propofol alfentanil ketamine [midazolam - viz N05CD] N01B Anesthetics local N01BB Esters procaine N01BB Amides trimecaine Mesocain articaine lidocaine N02 analgesics N02A opioids Strong agonists morphine pethidine Dolsin fentanyl alfentanil sufentanil [methadone] Mild agonists codeine dihydrocodeine tramadol Tramal Mixed agonists-antagonists pentazocine buprenorphine [Antagonists] [naloxone see V03AB] N02B Non opioid analgesics Analgesics-antipyretics Salicylates acetylsalicylic acid Acylpyrin, Anopyrin Acylpyrin aloxiprin Anilides paracetamol 400 Superpyrin effervescens Paralen [phenacetin] Pyrazolones metamizole (noramidopyrine) propyphenazone aminophenazone spolu s j. látkami: Algifen spolu s j. látkami: Eunalgit inj Analgesic combinations (tablets) non opioid acetylsalicyl.ac.+ Acylcoffin caffeine paracet.+guaifenes Ataralgin .+ caffeine propyfen.+paracet. Valetol + caffeine with codeine acetylsalicyl.ac.+c Alnagon odeine and other comp. paracetamol+codei Korylan ne N02C Antimigraine preparations Preparations used in the acute treatement of migraine non specific acetylsalicylic acid [N02BA] paracetamol [N02BE] NSA e.g. ibuprofen[M01A] specific N02CA Ergot alkaloids dihydroergotamine N02CC Agonists 5-HT1 receptors sumatriptan adjuvant agents metoclopramide [A03FA] caffeine Preparations used in the prophylaxis of migraine pizotifen N03A Antiepileptics Antiepileptics I. generations N03AA Barbiturates phenobarbital N03AB Hydantoin derivates phenytoin Dihydergot inj Imigran Sandomigran Sodanton N03AD Succinimide derivates ethosuximide Antiepileptics II. generation clonazepam diazepam Biston carbamazepine natrium valproate Antiepileptics III. generation lamotrigine gabapentin vigabatrin topiramate N04 Anti-parkinson drugs N04A Anticholinergic agents diethazine procyclidine benzatropine Deparkin Kemadrin Apo-benztropin N04B Dopaminergic agents levodopa (+ carbidopa) Madopar Jumex, Sepatrem selegiline amantadine N05A Antipsychotics, psycholeptics Sedative neuroleptics Phenothiazines chlorpromazine Plegomazin Tisercin levopromazine thioridazine Other Incisive neuroleptics Butyrophenone derivates haloperidol Other fluphenazine decanoate oxyprothepin Moditen depot Meclopin Atypic neuroleptics clozapine sulpiride Serotonine-dopamine antipsychotics (SDA) risperidone olanzapine N05B Anxiolytics N05BA BENZODIAZEPINES diazepam chlordiazepoxide alprazolam oxazepam Benzodiazepine antagonist flumazenil [V03AB] Other anxiolytics meprobamate Diazepam Defobin Neurol Oxazepam N05C Hypnotics and sedatives Sedatives valerian, hops, hawthorn, etc. bromides phenobarbital, etc. Hypnotics flunitrazepam Novo-Passit Calabron Bellaspon Rohypnol nitrazepam midazolam zolpidem zopiclone Dormicum Stilnox, Hypnogen Imovane N06A Antidepressants Antidepressants (thymoleptics) I. generation amitriptyline imipramine dosulepin Prothiaden Antidepressants (thymoleptics) II. generation dibenzepin Antidepressants (thymoleptics) III. generaction (SSRI ) fluoxetine sertraline citalopram paroxetine fluvoxamine Antidepressant (thymoleptics) higher generations SNRI (serotonin and noradrenaline reuptake inhibitors) venlafaxine Monoaminooxidase inhibitors (IMAO) tranylcypromine moclobemide Other antidepressants Hypericum Thymoprophylactics lithium [N05AN] carbamazepine [N03AF] N06B Psychostimulants N05BA Phenyletylamine derivates amphetamine metylfenidate Other caffeine Nootropics piracetam N07A Parasympatomimetics N07AA Anticholinesterases neostigmin N07C antiemetics , DRUGS USED IN VERTIGO Deprex Aurorix [Turineurin aj] Kalicor betahistine cinnarizine Cinarizin, Stugeron P Antiparasitic products P01 ANTIPROTOZOals P01A Antitrichomonas products and other antiprotozoals metronidazole ornidazole P01B Antimalarials quinine chloroquine P01BD Drugs for treatment of toxoplasmasmosis pyrimethamine P02 Anthelmintics P02C Antinematodics [Enterobius vermicularis, Ascaris lumbricoides ] pyrvinium mebendazole P02 Drugs for treatment of tapeworm infections. [Taenia solium, Taenia saginata, Diphylobothrium latum] niclosamide P03 ECTOPARASITICIDES lindane Jacutin, Scabicid r .RESPIRATORY SYSTEM R01 Nasal preparations R01A Nasal decongestants and other preparations for topical use R01AA, R01AB Sympathomimetics naphazoline oxymetazoline Nasivin phenylephrine ephedrine R01AC , R01AD Antiallergic agents, cortocosterosteroids and other cromoglicate beclometasone ipratropium bromide natural substances Pinosol R01B Nasal decongestants for systemic use R01BA Sympathomimetics pseudoephedrine R02 THROAT PREPARATION R02AA Antiseptics different antiseptics R03 ANTI-ASTHMATICS BRONCHODILATORS Sympathomimetics R03A inhalants, R03C for systemic use Non-selective (alpha- and beta-adrenoreceptor agonists) adrenalin [ephedrine] Septolete, Septisan Sanorin + ibuprofen: Modafen Selective (beta2- adrenoreceptor agonists) salbutamol fenoterol clenbuterol salmeterol formoterol Xanthines [R03DA] teophylline aminophylline Anticholinergics [R03BB] ipratropium PREVENTATIVE ANTI-ASTHMATICS INHALANTS Immunoprophylactics [R03BC, R03DC, R06AX ] cromoglycate ketotifen zafirlukast Corticosteroids for inhalation [R03BA] beclometasone budesonide fluticazone EXPEKTORANTS AND MUCOLYTICS[R05CA, R05CB] bromhexine ambroxol acetylcysteine guaifenesin ANTITUSSIVES [RO5D] codeine butamirate dropropizine pholcodine ethylmorphine ANTIHISTAMINES (H1 antagonists) [R06] Sedative antihistamines promethazine Syntophyllin Euphyllin cr Zaditen Pulmicort turbuhaler Bromhexin Mucosolvan Codein Stoptussin, Tussin Ditustat Neocodin Diolan bisulepin etc. Dithiaden cetirizine terfenadine loratadine astemizole Zyrtec Phenergan, Prothazin Methiaden aj Non-sedative antihistamines Zodac Lotanax Claritin , Flonidan S. SENSORY ORGANS S01 OPHTALMOLOGICALS S01A Antiinfectives neomycin, bacitracin and other ATB antiseptics S01B Antiinflammatory agents Pamycon na pří.kap. [D06AX] OphthalmoFramykoin Ophthalmo-septonex Ophtal prednisolone, dexamethasone etc. S01E Antiglaucoma preparations and miotics S01EB Parasympathomimetics pilocarpine carbachol S01ED Beta-sympatholytics timolol S01EC Carbonic anhydrase inhbitors acetazolamide S01EA Sympathomimetics epinephrin Collyrium adrenalini… clonidine S01EX Other derivates of prostaglandines latanoprostum S01F Mydriatics and cycloplegics S01FA Anticholinergics homatropine tropicamide Collyrium homatropinii… Mydrum phenylephrine Evercil sympathomimetics cromoglycate Visine S01FB Sympathomimetics S01G Decongestants and antiallergics S01XA20 Synthetic tears Lacrisin V. VARIOUS V08 RENTGENCONTRAST MEDIA V08A Iodine contrast media Telebrix, Omnipaque V08B Other contrast media. barium sulphate V11 PHYTOPREPARATIONS ABUSED DRUGS cocaine “pervitin” marijuana heroin toluene LSD MDMA (‘ecstasy‘) http://www.lf3.cuni.cz/ustavy/farmakologie/indexan.htmlhttp://www.lf3.cuni.cz/ustavy/farmakologie/indexan.html