PHYSICS
TOPIC
LEARNING OUTCOMES
At the end of this topic, the student should be able to:
19.0 ELECTROSTATICS
19.1
REMARKS
a) State Coulomb’s law, F 
Coulomb’s law
Qq
kQq
 2 .
2
4o r
r
b) Apply Coulomb’s law for a system of point charges.
HOUR
7
k
1
4 0
 9.0  10 9 N C -2 m 2
1
Simple configuration of charges
with a maximum of three
charges.
Limit to 2D.
19.2
Electric field
a) Define electric field
2
b) Define electric field strength, E 
F
.
q0
Emphasize E as a vector.
q0= positive test charge
c) Sketch the electric field lines of isolated point charge,
two charges and uniformly charged parallel plates.
Simple configuration of charges
d) Obtain numerically and pictorially the electric field
with a maximum of three charges
strength E of a point charge and a system of charges.
in 2D.
19.3
Charge in
uniform electric field
a
a) Sketch the trajectory of a charged particle moving in a
uniform electric field.
b) Determine the velocity and the angle of deflection of a
charged particle on exit from a uniform electric field.
29
1
PHYSICS
TOPIC
19.4
Electric
Potential
LEARNING OUTCOMES
REMARKS
a) Define electric potential.
2
b) Determine the electric potential due to a point charge Maximum three charges in 2-D.
and a system of charges.
Q
V
4o r
c) Calculate potential difference between two points.
VAB = VA – VB
VAB =
HOUR
W BA
q
d) Explain the relationship between electric field strength
and electric potential.
E
dV
dr
e) Obtain the change in potential energy, U when a
charge is moved between two points in a uniform Consider sign of charge.
electric field.
U  qV
f) Calculate potential energy of a system of point Maximum three charges.
Consider sign of charge.
charges.
q q
qq
qq 
U  k  1 2  1 3  2 3 
r13
r23 
 r12
30
PHYSICS
TOPIC
19.5
Equipotential
Lines and Surfaces
20. 0 CAPACITOR AND
DIELECTRICS
20.1
Capacitors and
dielectric
LEARNING OUTCOMES
REMARKS
HOUR
a) Define and sketch equipotential lines and surfaces of
i) an isolated charge
ii) a uniform electric field
iii) an electric dipole
1
At the end of this topic, the student should be able to:
5
a)
Define capacitance.
Capacitance measures the charge
on the capacitor for unit voltage
across it
b)
Use formula C 
c)
State and explain the geometrical factors affecting the
capacitance of a parallel plate capacitor
Q
.
V
Air-filled capacitor
C0 
0 A
, C = εrCo
d
Table of dielectric constant
d) Determine capacitance of parallel plate capacitor.
Other types of capacitors are not
discussed.
e) Describe the effect of dielectric on a parallel plate
capacitor.
f)
Determine the energy stored in a capacitor
31
U  12 CV 2  12 QV 
1
2
Q2
C
2
PHYSICS
TOPIC
20.2
Capacitors in
series and parallel
LEARNING OUTCOMES
a)
21.0 ELECTRIC CURRENT
AND DIRECT-CURRENT
CIRCUITS
21.1
Electrical
Conduction
HOUR
Deduce and use the effective capacitance of capacitors Include their combination. Limit
in series and parallel.
to five capacitors.
Obtain the electric potential across each capacitor
2
a)
Explain the process of charging and discharging
capacitor.
1
b)
Define and explain the physical meaning of time  = RC.
constant ,
c)
Sketch and explain the characteristics of Q-t and I-t
graph for charging and discharging of a capacitor.
No derivation.
b)
20.3
Charging and
discharging of capacitors
REMARKS
At the end of this topic, the student should be able to:
a)
b)
c)
Define electric current
Determine the current from Q-t graph
Define electromotive force (emf)
32
10
I
dQ
dt
1
PHYSICS
TOPIC
LEARNING OUTCOMES
21.2
Ohm’s law and a)
Resistivity
b)
21.3
Variation
resistance
temperature
REMARKS
State Ohm’s law.
V=IR
Define resistance and relate it to resistivity .
R
2
l
A
c)
State and discuss the factors affecting the resistivity of
Introduce conductivity as the
a resistor.
inverse of resistivity
d)
Explain the potential drop across a resistor in a simple
circuit.
e)
Explain the effect of internal resistance to the potential V = - Ir.
difference across battery terminals.
of a)
with
b)
21.4
Electrical energy a)
and power
b)

HOUR
1

Explain the effect of temperature on electrical
resistance in metals.
1
Determine the resistance change due to variation of  = 0 [ 1 + α T ]
temperature.
R =Ro [1+ α(T - To)].
Explain joule heating and relate it to the dissipative
power of a resistor.
Determine the dissipative power and energy loss in a
simple circuit
33
Include P =I2R and P = V2/R for
power.
Emphasize on V as potential
difference across resistors.
P = VI and W = VIt
1
PHYSICS
TOPIC
21.5
Resistors in
series and parallel
LEARNING OUTCOMES
a)
Determine effective resistance of resistors in series and
effective resistance of resistors parallel.
b)
Determine effective resistance of resistors connected in Include combination of resistors.
parallel-series combination.
Limit to five resistors.
Obtain the voltage and current in the circuit.
c)
21.6 Kirchhoff’s Laws
REMARKS
a)
b)
c)
State Kirchhoff’s current and voltage law.
Label the high and low potential points across resistors
and batteries for a given current direction.
Use Kircchoff’s laws to determine currents flowing in
two loops closed circuit.
HOUR
2
Current direction is already
specified.
Maximum two closed circuit
loops.
2
No need to calculate potential
between two points in the circuit
21.7 Potential divider
22.0 MAGNETIC FIELD
a)
Explain the principle and usage of a potential divider.
b)
Determine the potential across a chosen resistor in a
circuit by using the potential divider equation.
At the end of this topic, the student should be able to:
34
1
 R1 
V1  
V
 R1  R2 
5
PHYSICS
TOPIC
22.1 Magnetic field
LEARNING OUTCOMES
a)
Define magnetic field strength in terms of magnetic
flux.
REMARKS
HOUR
  B  A  BA cos
1
Introduce earth magnetic field.
b)
c)
22.2
Magnetic field
produced by
current-carrying
conductor
a)
List magnetic field sources and sketch the magnetic Bar magnet, current-carrying
field lines.
conductor and solenoid. Limit to
two sources only.
Compare between magnetic field and electric field.
Determine magnetic field strength and its direction due Suggest Right Hand Rule to
to current-carrying conductor.
determine direction of B .
i)
B
0 I
for a long
2r
straight wire
ii)
B
0 I
for a circular
2r
coil and
iii)
B   0 nI
for
a
solenoid.
For (ii) and (iii) consider the
magnetic field at the centre only.
35
1
PHYSICS
TOPIC
a)
22.3
Force
on
a
moving charged particle b)
and on a currentcarrying conductor in a
uniform magnetic field
22.4
Forces between a)
two parallel currentcarrying conductors
22.5
Torque on a coil
LEARNING OUTCOMES
REMARKS
Determine the magnitude and direction of force on a F  qv  B
moving charged particle in a uniform magnetic field.
Determine the magnitude and direction of force on a For electron, q =  e
current-carrying conductor in a uniform magnetic field. F  I l  B
Consider screw rule
Limit to motion of charge
perpendicular to magnetic field.
Sketch the direction of force and magnetic field of two The
direction
of
force
adjacent parallel current-carrying conductors.
experienced by the conductors
depends on the direction of
current flow.
b)
Compute the force per unit length on two adjacent
parallel current-carrying conductors.
c)
Define one ampere in terms of force per unit length on
two adjacent parallel current-carrying conductors.
a)
Explain how torque on a coil is produced.
c)
Explain the working principles of a moving coil
galvanometer
36
1
  N I A B
  NIAB sin 
List and explain the factors affecting torque on a coil in
a magnetic field.
1
F o I1 I 2

l
2 d
Magnitude
b)
HOUR
of
torque
1
PHYSICS
TOPIC
23.0 ELECTROMAGNETIC
INDUCTION
23.1
Induced emf
LEARNING OUTCOMES
REMARKS
HOUR
6
At the end of this topic, the student should be able to:
a)
Explain induced emf.
b)
State Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law.
c)
3
Emphasize
on
describing
electromagnetic induction based
Determine the magnitude and direction of induced emf on Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law.
using Faraday’s law and Lenz’s law.
d)
State and explain the factors affecting the induced emf
of a straight conductor and a coil in changing magnetic
flux.
e)
Detemine the magnitude of induced emf on a straight
conductor and on a coil.
f)
Explain back emf and its effect on DC motor.
 
d
dt
i.
a straight conductor,
  Blv sin  ,
ii.
a coil,    A
  B
iii.
37
dB
or
dt
dA
dt
a rotating coil,
  NAB sin  t
PHYSICS
TOPIC
23.3 Self-inductance
23.4 Mutual Inductance
24.0 ALTERNATING
CURRENT
24.1 Alternating current
LEARNING OUTCOMES
REMARKS
L
a)
Define self-inductance.
b)
c)
List and explain factors affecting self-inductance of a
loop and a solenoid.
Calculate the energy stored in an inductor.
a)
Define mutual inductance.
b)
Determine mutual inductance of two coaxial coils.
c)
Explain the working principle of transformer and the
effect of eddy current in transformer.
d)
Calculate the voltage and current of a transformer.
HOUR
1
 N

I
I
L

dI / dt
1
U  2 LI 2
M 12 
=
o N 2 A
l
N 2 12  o N1 N 2 A

I1
l
Step up and
transformer.
step
2
down
At the end of this topic, the student should be able to:
7
a)
Define alternating current (AC).
1
b)
Sketch and analyse the sinusoidal AC waveform.
c)
Write and apply sinusoidal voltage and current v  V0 sin t and i  I 0 sin t
equations.
Exclude initial phase angle
38
PHYSICS
TOPIC
24.2 Root mean square
(rms)
LEARNING OUTCOMES
a)
Define root mean square (rms) current and voltage for
AC source.
b)
Determine root mean square (rms) current and voltage
from AC equations and graph
a)
Explain qualitatively the relationship between AC
current and voltage in resistor, capacitor and inductor .
Draw phasor diagram for AC current and voltage in
resistor, capacitor and inductor .
Define and determine reactance of a capacitor and an
inductor.
Analyse voltage, current and phasor diagrams for a
series circuit consisting of
i) RL
ii) RC
iii) RLC.
Define and determine the impedance of RC, RL and
RLC in series circuit.
REMARKS
HOUR
1
I rms 
Io
V
, Vrms  o
2
2
3
24.3 Resistance, reactance
and impedance
b)
c)
d)
e)
Emphasize on phasor diagram of
single component circuit.
Explain
graphically
the
dependence of R,, XC , XL and Z
on f.
XC =
1
, XL = 2 f L ,
2fC
Z  R2  ( X L  X C )2 ,
(X  XC )
  tan 1 L
R
For resonance : XC = XL
39
PHYSICS
TOPIC
24.4 Power and power
factor
LEARNING OUTCOMES
a)
Define and determine average power, instantaneous
power and power factor in AC circuit consisting of R,
RC, RL and RLC in series.
REMARKS
i)
ii)
Average power, Pav =
I V cos θ,
Instantaneous power,
P
iii)
HOUR
1
dW
dt
Power factor
cos θ 
Pr Pav

Pa IV
Emphasize on power loss only in
resistor of the AC circuit.
24.5
Rectification
a)
b)
Explain the working principle of rectifier diode
Explain half-wave and full wave rectification by using Exclude the use of transformer in
a circuit diagram and V-t graph.
the circuit.
40
1