SECOND ASSIGNMENT FOR SEMESTER 1
HARDWARE
1.List down different kind of motherboard for the pc?
=AT, ATX, NLX, LPX and BTX.
2.What is the different between AX and ATX motherboard? Sketch the layout of the two
motherboards.
= AT:
 Made by IBM.
 No build-in audio.
 No soft switch.
RAM slot
IDE
CPU
Floppy
PCI Slot
ISA Slot
AT MOTHERBOARD
ATX:
 Made by INTEL.
 Have build-in audio.
 Has soft switch.
AGP
CPU
North
Bridge
PCI
ATX MOTHERBOARD
ROM
BIOS
Battery
Power Supply
Connector
South Bridge
3. List the pins number of various kind of connector on the motherboard and at the back of the
PC.
= Pins number on
1. Motherboard:
 IDE – 40 pins
 Floppy – 34 pins
2.






Back of the PC:
Serial port – 9 pins (male).
Parallel port – 25 pins (female).
PS/2 – 6 pins (female).
USB – 4 pins.
VGA – 15 pins (female).
Power supply – 3 pins (male).
4. What are the DC voltages we can find from the DC power supply?
 +5V (AT and ATX).
 +12V (AT and ATX).
 +3.3V (ATX).
5. List down the electrical problem we are facing when operating our PC?
 Flickering
 Blackout
 Electrical Surge.
6. What are ESD, EMI and RFI?
 ESD is Electrostatic Discharge.
 EMI is Electromagnetic Storage.
 RFI is Radio Frequency Interference.
7. List different kind of PC storage.
 Hard disk (SATA, ATA, etc.)
 ROM.
 RAM.
8. List various kinds of RAM and their pin numbers.
 DRAM - 168 pins.
 RDRAM - 184 pins.
 SDRAM - 184 pins.
 SRAM – 68 pins.
OPERATING SYSTEM
1.What is the function of OS?
=The function of OS is a program that was install into a computer which was used to run
the computer.
2. List down some of the OS that we can use in a small computer?
 Windows OS (Windows 98, Windows 2000, Windows XP, etc.)
 Linux, Ubuntu, Rat Hat, UNIX, etc.
3. What is the different between text based and graphic base OS?
 Text base is one whose primary input and output are based on text.It lets the OS to do a
work by typing the command and it use the memory efficiently. Example: MS-DOS.
 Graphic base OS is an OS that have text and graphic.
4. List down some of the internal and external command of the text based and briefly explains
the
function of these commands. ?
 INTERNAL:
 cd – change directory.
 dir – directory.
 cls – clearscreen.

EXTERNAL:
 fdisk – used to make partition.
 format – used to format the disk.
 scandisk – used to scan the disk.
5. What is FDISK used for and then list down the menu that we can find under FDISK.
 FDISK is fixed disk that used for making or creating partition.

The menu:
1. Create DOS partition or logical DOS drive.
2. Set active partition.
3. Delete partition or logical DOS drive.
4. Display partition information.
5. Change current fixed disk drive (only available if the computer has more than one hard
drive).
6. Explain briefly what File System is.
=File System is a step for storing and organizing computer files. The data they contain to make
it easy to find and access them. File systems may use hard disk or CD-ROM and involve
maintaining the physical location of the files.
7. What is the different between physical and logical drive?
 Physical drive is a drive that can be see in the computer system itself.
 Logical drive is inside the physical drive and this is the partition of the drive that stores data.
8. List down the complete steps on how to install Windows 98 OS?
 Access the CMOS configuration.
 Set Boot sequence to CD-ROM priority and save it.
 Reboot the computer.
 Access the Window 98 CD-ROM.
 Make primary partition and set it to active.
 Format the disk.
 Access the Win98 CD-ROM.
 Locate the win98 and type setup.exe.
 Execute the setup.exe.
 Follow the instructions to install win98.
9. What is the different between basic and dynamic disk?
 Basic disk uses normal partition that contains basic volumes such as primary partitions,
extended partition and logical drives.

Dynamic disk contains dynamic volumes such as simple volumes, spanned volumes,
stripped volumes, mirrored volumes and RAID-5 volumes. With Dynamic disk, it can perform
disk and volume management without restarting the Windows.
Done by:
Dinie Bin Haji Mohamad
Group 4
CC/25/005/09