Name ________________________________________
Anatomy & Physiology
Nervous System Review
Chapter 11 – Fundamentals of the Nervous System & Tissue
1. List and describe the 3 basic functions of the nervous system.
a.
b.
c.
2. Compare the central nervous system to the peripheral nervous system.
3. Label the parts of a neuron below: dendrite, cell body, nucleus, axon, Schwann cell,
myelin sheath, Node of Ranvier, axon terminal.
4. List at least 5 functions of neuroglia, or support cells.
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
5. Describe the structure and function of Schwann cells.
6. Why is there a difference in the appearance of gray matter and white matter?
7. What are nerves?
8. List and describe the 3 classes of neurons based on their function.
a.
b.
c.
9. List and draw the 3 classes of neurons based on their structure.
a.
b.
c.
10. What are the 2 main functions of neurons?
a.
b.
11. Why is there a resting membrane potential across the cell membrane?
12. What causes an action potential?
13. Explain what is happening to Na+ and K+ during these phases:
a. Resting state
b. Depolarization
c. Repolarization
14. What restores the ion (Na+, K+) distribution after an action potential?
15. Describe saltatory conduction.
16. What occurs when an action potential reaches the axon terminal?
17. What are the actions of the following neurotransmitters?
a. Acetylcholine
b. Dopamine
c. Serotonin
d. Endorphins
e. GABA
Chapter 12 – Central Nervous System
18. Label the following structures on the diagram below: cerebrum, brain stem, cerebellum,
spinal cord, frontal lobe, temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, gyrus, sulcus,
fissure.
19. Label the following structures on the diagram below: cerebrum, diencephalon, corpus
callosum, thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, pineal gland, midbrain, pons,
medulla oblongata, cerebellum, spinal cord.
20. Fill in the chart below.
Structure
Frontal lobe
Parietal lobe
Occipital lobe
Temporal lobe
Thalamus
Hypothalamus
Medulla oblongata
Corpus callosum
Cerebellum
Function
21. What are the meninges?
22. List and describe the 3 layers of the meninges.
a.
b.
c.
23. What is the blood-brain barrier?
24. List at least 3 substances that can and cannot cross the blood-brain barrier.
Chapter 13 – Peripheral Nervous System and Reflex Activity
25. What are the 5 basic components of a reflex arc?
a.
b.
c.
d.
e.
26. Describe the following reflexes:
a. Patellar reflex
b. Papillary reflex
c. Flexor reflex
d. Plantar reflex
27. Why do voluntary reactions take longer than involuntary reflexes?
Chapter 15 – The Special Senses
28. What are the 5 special senses? (Note: One of our “five senses” is not really a special
sense!)
29. List the various locations of special sensory receptor cells.
30. What are the 5 types of taste receptors?
31. What happens to your senses of taste and smell when you get older?
32. Label the structures in the diagram below:
33. Fill in the chart below.
Disease/Dysfunction
Multiple Sclerosis
Meningitis
Alzheimer’s Disease
Parkinson’s Disease
Stroke
Concussion
Contusion
Cause
Symptoms