Producer/Line Producer and UPM Duties & Checklist Has ultimate responsibility for the project—from conception to completion. The Producer/Line Producer (responsible for each ‘line’ of the budget) assigns/hires everyone in the project—from the director to the production assistant. The producer is responsible for the budget, the schedule, and the ultimate delivery of the project. The Unit Production Manager (UPM)/Associate Producer works closely with the (line) producer, usually handling daily details related to the production. Duties Producer/Line Producer Convene and organize entire project Recruit director, crew and assign responsibilities—hires and fires crew Schedule entire project—preproduction/production/postproduction Assume oversight responsibility for budget/finances Participate in auditions and selection of actors Approve and obtain permissions for locations Secure insurance for production shoot through Media Center Delegate duties to UPM/ Associate Producer Unit Production Manager (UPM)/Associate Producer Creates schedule and agenda for production meetings Contacts and instructs crew members regarding their schedules and responsibilities Oversees location and equipment reservations and acquisitions Assists in purchasing necessary materials for production, and general finances Creates production schedule/daily call sheets Supervises support crew for--or is primary provider of--craft services, location/set department, transportation dept Oversees all production details of a shoot day Collects and holds receipts for all purchases Assists in all aspects of preproduction production and post production EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Production Book (bible) with all production information (contact numbers, receipts, etc) Cell Phone Walkie Talkie Permits Insurance Forms Actor release and waiver forms Credit Card Cash Car _________________ _________________ 1 Director Duties & Checklist Working closely with the Director of Photography, the Production Designer, the Sound Designer, the Editor and other members of the creative team, the Director visualizes the script, controlling a film's artistic and dramatic aspects, while guiding the crew and actors in the fulfillment of his/her vision. The Director’s primary responsibility is to ensure the desired performance of the actors. The Assistant Director (AD) works closely with the Director and the entire crew. Duties: Director Oversees every creative aspect of the film Decides look, tone for film Works with Line Producer on schedules and production planning Chooses locations (with aid of Location Scout) Auditions and chooses actors Chooses key crew members (in consultation with Line Producer) Works closely with DP, Production Designer, Sound Designer, Editor Conducts rehearsals Directs actors on shoots Works with Script Supervisor and AD on set Oversees editing of scenes Participates in sound mix and final cut of film Assistant Director Participates in auditions for cast Rehearses cast with director Helps recruit crew Sets the shooting schedule (scenes and shots per day) in consultation with DP Tracks daily progress against production schedule Arranges logistics Prepares daily call sheets in conjunction with assistant producer Acts as foreman for crew Maintains order on the set Calls intro for each shot: Sound, Camera, Actors Ready? EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Script Production Book Walkie Talkie _________________ 2 Script Supervisor Duties & Checklist The Script Supervisor is responsible for maintaining the film's internal continuity—continuous verbal and visual integrity-- and for marking the production unit's daily progress in shooting the film's screenplay. The Script Supervisor is the right hand to the Director and DP, and is the writer and editor’s representative on the set. This entails checking on and keeping detailed records of dialogue, action, costumes, props and set design, so that when different takes and scenes are finally edited together, the fictional world of the film is not disrupted by continuity errors which may distract the audience. Script Supervisors closely observe every shot filmed, and take extremely precise and detailed notes, in order to provide an authoritative reference point should any doubt arise about how a previous take or scene was filmed. These reports provide an invaluable resource for Directors and Editors enabling them to assess the coverage, including how many shot options there are for each scene of the script, and exactly how each shot was filmed. Script Supervisors are involved during pre–production and principal photography. On each day of principal photography, Script Supervisors file reports and photographic records for the previous day's shoot, and prepare all paperwork for post production. They check continuity requirements for each scene to be shot. During filming they closely monitor the script to check that no dialogue is overlooked, and cue actors where necessary. They keep detailed continuity notes and photographs or sketches of each actor and camera position for each shot. They keep detailed records of: all shot timings and camera movements, including jibs, pans, zooms, etc; whether the scene is shot during the day or at night; any scene changes, and their implications; all slate and scene number information; any inconsistencies, errors or other comments; all camera details including lenses, focal distances, filters, etc. They act as liasons about continuity with other departments including Costume, Make–up and Hair, Props and Lighting. Where pick up shots are required, Script Supervisors provide actors with dialogue start points, and exact continuity details. They also ensure that other departments are aware of the status of each shot, and that clapper boards are marked up accordingly. Where more than one camera is used, they ensure that each camera's output is accurately identified. They confirm Directors' take preferences and note these for post production. They often assist Sound Mixers in taking additional notes of any recorded wild tracks or voice–overs. Script Supervisors re–type scripts to reflect any major dialogue changes, and mark up scripts with slate numbers, cut points, and other relevant details for post production. They prepare detailed Daily Continuity Reports, Editors' Daily Log Sheets and Daily Production Reports. They also provide production with records of the requirements for any outstanding shots or inserts. 3 Script Supervisor Duties & Checklist (continued) Duties: Monitors the script during shooting, noting changes made in action and dialogue. Provide continuity information regarding set and costumes and props. Prepares a production report each shooting day for the producer—including total number of shots and scenes finished that day, numbers of pages of script covered. EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Script Computer/Notebook Paper Pen Phone _________________ _________________ 4 Camera Department Duties & Checklist Director of Photography (DP) The Director of Photography is responsible for designing of shots and lighting of the set, working closely with the Director and the Production Designer to give a film its visual signature. In our program, the DP often functions as camera operator. The DP is assisted by a 1st Assistant Camera person (AC) and sometimes a 2nd Assistant AC. After reading the screenplay, the DP meets with the Director to discuss the visual style of the film. They conduct research and preparation including carrying out technical research of locations. They prepare a list of all required camera equipment, including lights, film stock, camera, cranes and all accessories etc., and prepare storyboards and shotlists in consultation with the director. Duties: Design of shots Creation of storyboards and shot lists Lighting design, in consultation with gaffer Reservation of camera and light equipment from cage Movement of camera with dolly and tracks, steadicam, jib arms. EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Cameras Batteries Light Meter Memory Cards Hard drive Rain cover Tripod (s) Monitor Monitor battery Monitor cables (bnc) Steadicam 5 Camera Department Duties & Checklist (continued) 1st Assistant Camera ( 1st AC) 1st ACs are responsible for camera equipment, including lenses, filters and matte boxes, and for assembling the camera and its accessories for different shots. 1st ACs ensure that the camera and all required lenses are prepared for the day's shoot. If the DP wants to try out a specific lens, the 1st AC assembles the camera so that they can look through the eyepiece to assess the shot. At the end of each shooting day, 1st ACs clean the equipment and pack it up in preparation for the next day. 1st ACs are responsible for focusing and refocusing the camera lens (pulling focus) as actors move within the frame of each shot, using a special monitor, or a series of marks on the lens or on the set. Duties: First assistant to the DP Responsibility for camera equipment check-out, safe-keeping, and check-in. Build and breakdown the camera and accessories Position camera and tripod Focus pulling Spotting DP or cameraman with handheld or Steadicam Assist in camera movement with dollys and tracks, steadicam, jib arms. 2nd Assistant Camera ( 2nd AC) 2nd ACs assist the DP in positioning and moving the camera, and are responsible for loading and unloading camera cards, changing and charging camera batteries, changing lenses, operating the clapper board, filling out and filing all camera sheets. 2nd ACs work closely with 1st ACs (Focus Pullers), and help them to build and break down the camera and all its accessories. Duties: Assists 1st AD Help with camera equipment check-out, safe-keeping, and check-in. Help build and breakdown the camera and accessories Position camera and tripod Focus pulling Spotting DP or cameraman with handheld or Steadicam Assist in camera movement with dollys and tracks, steadicam, jib arms. Maintain camera report sheets. Download memory cards or safe-keeping of completed recorded raw footage tapes. Slate shots with clapboard. 6 Camera Department Duties & Checklist (continued 2) EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST (FOR BOTH AC’S) Cameras Batteries Memory Cards Hard drive Rain cover Tripod (s) Monitor Monitor battery Monitor cables (bnc) Clapboard Dry erase marker Camera report sheet AC kit (light meter, flashlight, tape measure, tape, etc) _________________ _________________ _________________ Auxiliary Camera Department Duties & Checklist The Auxiliary cameraman/woman functions as either a second or third photographer under the direction of the DP—B Camera or C camera-- or has the responsibility to capture footage of the production process for a ‘making of’ film or other such purpose. Duties: Reservation of camera equipment from cage Responsibility for camera equipment check-out, safe-keeping, and check-in. Execution of shots as per DP Documentation of production process Responsibility for memory cards or tape stock. Assist in camera movement with dollys and tracks, steadicam, jib arms. Maintain camera report sheets. Download memory cards Slate shots with clapboard. Creation of shot lists 7 Camera Department Duties & Checklist (continued 3) EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Camera Tripod Monitor Tapes Batteries Rain cover Camera report sheets Pens (for writing) Boom pole XLR (s) Headphones audio report sheets _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ Production (STILL) Camera Dept Duties & Checklist The Production Cameraman/Woman is responsible for capturing still photographs of production, as well as of cast and crew. Duties: Procurement of camera, tripod, batteries, memory card and charger Still photography of pre-production, production and post production Photography for promotional and publicity pieces for production Downloading and saving of still photographs Photoshop of photographs for production Charging of batteries for camera EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Camera Tripod Batteries Memory card Charger _________________ _________________ 8 Gaffer/Electric Dept Duties & Checklist The Gaffer is the head lighting technician, responsible for carrying out the lighting plans of the DP. Gaffers are in charge of all the electrical work on a production, leading the team of technicians who install the lighting equipment and arrange the power supply in order to create the designed lighting effects. Gaffers work closely with the Director of Photography to visualize in a practical way the 'look' they are trying to achieve. They must be able to suggest and interpret ideas, and have a thorough knowledge of a wide range of equipment, and of its operation. They position the equipment, and operate the lights during filming. The Best Boy is assistant to the Gaffer, helping to set up and break down lighting configurations, and assume responsibility for the care and well-being of all the lighting instruments. Duties: Gaffer Responsibility for lighting equipment check-out, safe-keeping, and check-in As per direction of DP, lighting set-up and removal of fixtures, c-stands, bounce boards. Use of gels, flags, barn doors, diffusion to shape lighting as per DP design Responsibility for investigation and confirmation of power availability at location Responsibility of operation and maintenance of power generators Best Boy Assist Gaffer and DP Keep track of lighting elements during production and properly re-pack them at end of shoot day EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Lighting kits Bulbs Flag kit Gels C-Stands Gaffer hardware (clamps, etc) Bounce boards Clothespins Gloves Extension cords Surge protectors Bags to carry cords, etc Gaffer tape Generator Gas can for generators Gas for generators Tool kit _________________ _________________ _________________ 9 Sound Department Duties & Checklist The Audio Engineer/Mixer is responsible for audio recording and monitoring on a production. Audio Engineer/Sound Mixers have the difficult job of ensuring that dialogue recorded during filming is suitably clear. Although much of the storytelling and the emotional impact of a script are conveyed through dialogue, most film sets are challenging environments for Mixers because there are often unwanted noises to deal with, or the required camera shots hamper the placing of microphones. Audio Engineer/Mixers plan production sound design in consultation with the Director regarding creative decisions (is the sound naturalistic or stylized, etc). They work closely with the Boom Operator to plan types and placement of microphones on the set. They also monitor the sound during production, using headphones. They are responsible for maintaining sound reports on each shot. Boom Operators assist the Audio Engineer/Mixer and operate the boom microphone, which is either hand-held on a long arm or dolly mounted (on a moving platform). If radio or clip microphones are required, Boom Operators position them correctly around the set or location, or on actors’ clothing. Boom Operators are responsible for positioning microphones so that Audio Engineer/Mixers can capture the best quality dialogue and sound effect. Boom Operators are also responsible for all the sound equipment, ensuring that it is in good working order, and carrying out minor repairs where necessary. Duties: Audio Engineer Responsibility for audio equipment check-out, safe-keeping, and check-in Design of audio recording plan, including decisions about use of particular mics, windscreens, etc.. Monitoring of sound during recording of scenes Maintain sound report sheets. Boom Operator Keep track of audio elements during production and properly re-pack them at end of shoot day Aid Audio Engineer in set up and installation of microphones Hold or operate boom mic during scenes EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Shotgun mics Lavaliere Mics Boom poles Windscreens XLR cables Batteries Headphones Sound reports Sound blankets 10 Grip Department Duties & Checklist Grips' responsibility is to build and maintain all the equipment that supports cameras. This equipment, which includes tripods, dollies, tracks, jibs, cranes, and static rigs, is constructed of delicate yet heavy duty parts requiring a high level of experience to operate and move. The Key Grip is responsible for all grip work and consults closely with the Director and the DP to ensure that all positioning or movement of cameras is achievable. Grips are usually responsible for pushing the Dolly and must create smooth movements that do not distract from the onscreen action. On large projects with multiple cameras, the Key Grip is responsible for the main camera (camera A), with other Grips providing additional camera support. The Best Boy Grip is the assistant to the Key Grip. Duties: Key Grip Responsibility for grip equipment check-out, safe-keeping, and check-in Movement and placement of tracks, dollys, jib arms, lights and lighting equipment onto the set Set up of tracks with wedges Set up car mounts Set up jib arms Responsible for and supervises ALL EQUIPMENT PACKING INTO TRUCKS and VANS Best Boy Grip Assist Key Grip Keep track of grip elements during production and properly re-pack them at end of shoot day Assist in check-in of equipment EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Car mount Jib arms Dolly Dolly track wheels Tracks Track Wedges Sandbags Carry-all boxes Apple boxes WD 40 for dolly track wheels Toolkit _________________ _________________ 11 Production Design Department Duties & Checklist Production Designers are responsible for the entire Art Department, including set design, costumes, props and makeup. They supervise the Costume Designer, Property Master, and Makeup Artist. They play a crucial role in helping the Director to achieve the film's visual requirements and the Director’s vision, scene-by-scene, within the budget allotted. After preparing a careful breakdown of the script, they meet with the Director to discuss how best to shoot the film- whether to use sets and /or locations; what should be built and what should be adapted; whether there is a visual theme that recurs throughout the film; whether there are certain design elements that may give an emotional or psychological depth to the film. They sign off on all wardrobe, prob and make-up decisions. The Assistant Art Director assists the Art Director. Duties: Production Designer Design of visual look for the entire production Responsibility for art design budget Creation of set sketches, design concept art Design of sets, location décor Supervision of Art Department, including Costume Designer, Prop Master, Makeup Artist; Consultation, direction and approval of wardrobe, props, and makeup Acquisition of materials needed for design—paint, decorative materials, etc Construction of sets EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Paint Wood materials Plastic Tools Glue, nails, hanger elements (wire, etc) _________________ _________________ Costume Designer Duties: In consultation with Director and Production Designer, the Costume Designer chooses and designs clothing sets for actors and scenes Obtains measurements of actors Acquisition of clothing from stores, thrift stores, rental houses Preparation of wardrobe for each day’s shoot Maintenance and cleaning of wardrobe during and at end of shoot Storage of wardrobe or return to lenders at end of shoot EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST costumes for all actors Wigs Sewing kit Cleaning fluids, Febreze, Iron and clothes steamer wardrobe racks and boxes 12 Production Design Department Duties & Checklist (cont) The Property Master and Assistant controls all aspects of film props. They oversee, and are responsible for, the procurement or production, inventory, care and maintenance of all props associated with productions, ensuring that they are available on time, and within budgetary requirements. They also ensure that selected props suit the film's style and overall design, and that they accurately reflect the production's time period and culture. Duties: In consultation with the Director and Production Designer, the Property Master designs or purchases, or manufactures props that are necessary for a scene in the shoot. Research of materials Purchase or rental of prop items for shoot Preparation of props for each day’s shoot Maintenance and cleaning of props during and at end of shoot Storage of props or return to lenders at end of shoot EQUIPMENT LIST Weapons Furniture Vehicles Room decor The Make-Up Artist and Assistant are responsible for providing make-up and hair preparatin to cast during the shoot. Make-up and Hair are key elements in the overall design of films or television productions, creating a look for the characters in relation to social class, and time periods, and any other elements required to create the desired illusion. Makeup artists usually provide their own makeup and hair accessories. Duties: In consultation with Director and Production Designer, the Make-Up Artist designs a ‘look’ for each actor and scene Acquires make-up and accessories Prepares make-up and hair styling for actors before scenes Helps actors clean make-up at end of shoot MakeUp and Hairdressing Department check list: Makeup kit Mirror Cleanser Towels Water Hairspray, hair gel Wigs Hairpieces Combs, brushes, bobby pins, hair nets Brushes 13 Shaver, shaving cream Special Effects Department Duties & Checklist The FX Designer/Engineer is responsible for creating and operating special effects for the film shoot. The FX Assistant assists the FX Designer. Duties: Design of effects for scenes Acquisition of materials Testing of effects for safety and success Implementation of effects during shoot Clean up after completion of effects EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Blood Explosive devices Prosthetic devices _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 14 Craft Services Department Duties & Checklist The Craft Services Department is responsible for providing buffet meals, snacks and drinks to cast and crew. Duties: Planning of meals and snacks for production Acquisition of food and drink for breakfast, lunch, dinner and snacks Set up of tables, chairs, plates, eating utensils and food in an attractive and comfortable location that is not disruptive of shoot Clean up of food and trash EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Tables Chairs Knives, forks, spoons Plates Cups Trashbags and waste cans Napkins Water Juice Soda Snacks (candy, cookies, chips, fruit) Breakfast meal Lunch meal Dinner meal _________________ _________________ 15 Location/Set Department Duties & Checklist The Location Manager and Assistant is responsible for preparation, set-up and strike of the location. Duties: Scouting of location for requirements of shoot—power, bathrooms, suitable spots for tents etc. Set up of location base camps—tents, chairs, tables, first aid station etc. Charge equipment—batteries, etc Distribute and keep track of walkie talkies Keep watch over equipment Pack up equipment at end of shoot day Assist in check-in of equipment EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Walkie Talkies Tents Chairs Tables Power converter for ac (for car) Umbrellas Knife Towels First aid kit Permits Tool Kit _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ _________________ 16 Transportation Department Duties & Checklist The Transporation Captain and Assistant is responsible for all crew and production vehicles and transportation. Duties: Plan transportation needs for shoot Secure vehicles for crew, actors, equipment and for vehicles needed in a scene Transport crew to location Pick-up and drop off cast members at train or drive home Transport cast to location Responsible for store runs Responsible for bathroom runs Transport crew, cast and equipment back home Pay tolls, parking fees (collect receipts) EQUIPMENT CHECKLIST Cars Trucks Bicycles Motorcycles _________________ _________________ _________________ 17 POST PRODUCTION POSITIONS AND DUTIES Colorist , Editor, Sound Designers,Foley Artists ADR Dialogue Editor, Re-Recording Mixers Colorists review all the footage of a film and determines, in consultation with the director, the appropriate color and look of each scene. They provide advice and creative input into the overall look of each production, and work closely with directors in order to accurately interpret their ideas. They must ensure that all shots within each scene match one another, by balancing color saturation and luminance from shot to shot, so that no one shot stands out in the sequence. They should be able to distinguish and correct color differences within scenes, and ensure consistency throughout the production. They must also offer original and creative solutions to any picture related problems, e.g., under or over exposure, day for night corrections, etc. Colorists should understand the psychological effect of colors, in order to enhance the narrative of each production. The Editor works closely with the Director—before, during, and after the shoot-- reviewing the script and all the footage of a film and attempting to weave it together in a way that ensures that the story flows effortlessly from beginning to end. The Editor carefully chooses each shot and edits them into a series of scenes, which are in turn assembled to create the finished film. During the post production period, the Editor and the Director work closely together, refining the rough cut assembly edit into the Director's Cut, which must be approved by the Producers, until they achieve picture lock or Fine Cut (when the Director and/or Executive Producer give final approval of the picture edit). Editors usually work in a supervisory role during the subsequent music and track laying, and sound mix. Sound Designers are responsible for providing any required sounds to accompany screen action. Sound Designers design the entire sound post production process, creating the sound concept for a film or project, as well as creating the sounds for giant explosions or car crashes. Sound design is also the art of creating subtle sounds that enrich the language and feeling of a film. Music Editors help Directors to achieve their musical ambitions on films, and provide a crucial link between the film and the Composer. They structure the soundtrack, ensuring that all the components work together. They are usually responsible for all the music featured on film soundtracks, including: performed music (e.g., a band or singer who performs within the narrative of the film), all sourced music (e.g., bought-in pop, jazz, classical music), and the score, written by the composer specifically for the film. Music Editors usually start work well into the picture editing process, developing the Temp (temporary) Score, which is made up of music lifted from other film soundtracks or sourced music, and helps the Editor to achieve the right pace and emotional tempo; it may also provide a broad template for the Composer, and help the Director to identify the desired feel of the soundtrack. 18 POST PRODUCTION POSITIONS AND DUTIES (continued) Foley Artists are responsible for the post-synchronised sound effects on a film sound track that are added during the sound editing process, excluding any special sounds which are usually created by the Sound Effects Editor or Sound Designer. “Foley” is normally defined as sounds related to movements, whether pertaining to a character or an object (footsteps, fights, fist banging on a door), or to the result of an object’s movement (pouring wine, shards of glass falling from a broken window). Named after Jack Foley (an innovative pioneer of the art at Universal Studios), Foley is recorded in specialised sound studios working to projected pictures. ADR (Automated Dialogue Replacement)/Dialogue Editors ensure that all the required dialogue on film soundtracks is accurately placed, and of the best possible quality. ADR/Dialogue Editors review the original sound files to check whether problematic dialogue sound can be replaced with an alternative take. Working on a Digital Audio Workstation using Pro Tools software, ADR/Dialogue Editors cut between a number of takes (sometimes even using different syllables from each take) to create clean, crisp lines of dialogue. If this is not possible, Automated Dialogue Replacement is used. During ADR sessions actors watch themselves on screen, and re-voice as accurately as possible, ensuring not only that their lines are synchronised with the pictures (lip-sync), but that the nuances of their performance match the original. Actors may also be called upon to record new lines for offcamera dialogue in order to help make difficult scenes work. During ADR sessions, ADR/Dialogue Editors make quick, accurate decisions about whether the performance is good enough, asking the actor to attempt another take if necessary. 19