MIX AND FLOW OF MATTER UNIT TEST REVIEW answers
PLEASE ANSWER THE QUESTIONS AND WE WILL CORRECT IT TOGETHER. THIS IS NOT FOR MARKS!
TOPIC 1
 Three states of matter and give 3 characteristics of each.
Solid (definite shape, definite volume, particles very closely packed, affected by gravity)
Liquids (no definite shape, definite volume, affected by gravity
Gas (no definite shape, no definite volume, most not affected by gravity, particles are spread far apart)

Know the 5 parts of The Particle Model of Matter and be able to describe each point in detail.
Everything is made of particles
Particles are always moving (warm them up and they speed up, cool them down and they slow down)
There are spaces between the particles
Particles have attractive forces
Particles in a pure substance are the same
TOPIC 2
 Where do we look to find the different kinds of Elements and name two?
Periodic table of elements, Gold, Silver, Carbon, Oxygen, Nitrogen, Iron
 Give two characteristics of Compounds. Please give two examples.
Made of two or more elements, have very strong chemical bonds, individual parts lose their individual
characteristics when they combine, Salt (NaCl, CO 2 (Carbon Dioxide) H20 (water)
 Give two characteristics of Homogeneous solutions and give one example.
Can’t see the individual parts, the substances keep their individual characteristics, no chemical bonds, can
separate by boiling, Sugar water, tea, orange juice without the pulp
 Give two characteristics of Heterogeneous solutions and give one example.
Can see the different parts, no chemical bonds, can separate by hand or filter, chocolate chip cookie,
pizza, salad
 Give one example of things being dissolved and be able to tell me what the solute is and what the solvent
is.
Salt being dissolved in water – Salt is the solute and water is the solvent
 What are three factors that affect the rate of dissolving and explain how each affects the rate of dissolving
in detail?
Heat – when you heat the particles they speed up and bump into each other more, so they can start
pulling each other apart faster
Stirring (agitation) – when you stir a substance, the particles speed up and bump into each other more, so
they can start pulling each other apart faster
More surface area – greater surface area means more particles are exposed to each other, so therefore
they can bump into each other more and pull each other apart faster
TOPIC 3
 Explain how you would separate one example of a mixture found in the Earth. Be as descriptive as
possible.
Sea salt – take the sea salt and put it into pools. Let the water evaporate and the salt will be left behind
Oil from oilsands – you heat the oilsand and the heating causes the particles in the oil to become less
viscous or thinner and then the oil releases from the sand. Next you can use a filter and separate the oil
from the sand
Gold from gold ore – Check my notes if you want this one 
TOPIC 4
 Explain what flow rate is.
How fast a fluid flows from one point to another
 Explain what viscosity is.
The thickness or thinness of a fluid
 Name one product that depends on viscosity and explain how viscosity is important in it working properly.
Use the word Viscous or Viscosity when explaining your answers.
There are lots of examples here…I will give one:
Paint – If paint is too viscous (thick) it will be difficult to spread and dry real slow…if it isn’t viscous enough
or is too thin, then it won’t stick to wall well, will drip everywhere and dry too quickly
TOPIC 5
 What is density?
The mass per unit volume of a substance
 Describe the density of the three states of matter. When describing liquid, be sure to tell me that it is
more dense than _____ but less dense than _______.
Solid is the densest state of matter
Liquid is denser than a gas but less dense than solids
Gas is the least dense state of matter
 What are a couple of exceptions to the density rules you described above and explain?
Ice – Ice is a solid so should be denser than water which is a liquid…but ice floats on water so it is less
dense
Mercury – Mercury is a liquid by is very dense, often times denser than some solid metal
 Use the particle model of matter to describe what happens to the density of states of matter as they are
heated.
When you heat the states of matter the particles start to move faster and spread out, the more the
particles spread out the more spaces there are, and if there are more spaces that means its less dense
 Finish this statement, “Density of a substance stays the same as long as the temperature and pressure
stay the same. Explain why the statement is true.
This is true because if you add pressure you increase an object density and if you increase temperature
you make matter less dense
TOPIC 6
 What is buoyancy?
The tendency of objects to sink or float in a fluid
 Explain why buoyancy is described as the “anti gravity force”?
This is because buoyancy pushed up and gravity pulls down
 Describe three things that rely on buoyancy to work.
Boats, pollen, airplanes, hot air balloons
 Describe the relationship between buoyancy and density.
The more dense an object is, typically the less buoyant it will be. Also, object tend to be more buoyant on
denser fluids
 What is Archimedes Principle and draw two pictures to show you know what it means? Indicate on your
picture which object has more buoyant force acting on it.
Archimedes principle says that the force pushing up on an object is equal to the weight of the fluid
displaced by the object.
I drew an easy one on the board 
TOPIC 7
 Explain which of the three states of matter can compress the most. Also explain why the other two states
can’t compress as much.
Gas can compress the most because it has a lot of space between the particles. The other states of matter
can’t compress or very little because there isn’t much space between the particles
 Explain two ways we use compression of gas to help us in everyday life. Explain in detail.
Air in airbags in a car – When we hit the airbag compresses and the gas pushes back against us to keep us
safe
Air in tires – When we hit a bump, the tire compresses and then the gas pushes back against the bump to
act like a cushion
 Describe how pressure changes with altitude and explain why this happens.
When you go up in altitude, there are less air particles above you pushing down, which then means that
there is less pressure pushing down on you
TOPIC 8
 What are hydraulics and describe how a hydraulic system works?
Hydraulics are liquids under pressure. A hydraulic system works by applying pressure to one end of the
liquid and the liquid then transmits that force through the liquid to move something

What is Pneumatics and describe how it works?
Pneumatics is gas under pressure. The operation of pneumatics is based on the fact that gas can be
compressed. As gas is decompressed, the particles start to move apart suddenly, creating a steady force
to perform tasks

Give two examples of how we use Pneumatics in everyday life to do work.
Air brakes on a truck, dentist drill, air gun, dirt tamper, jack hammers