States of Matter
Review and Reinforce
1. The block of wood is a solid, the salad oil is
a liquid, and the oxygen is a gas.
2. The wood would stay the same shape
because the particles in a solid are fixed tightly
in place. The shape of the salad oil would spread
out into a puddle because the particles in a liquid
flow around each other. The shape of the
oxygen would continue to change and spread
outward because the particles in a gas move
apart in many different directions.
3. Since the block of wood is solid, its volume
would stay the same. The volume of the liquid
salad oil would stay the same. The volume of
the oxygen would expand to fill the size of the
larger container because the particles would
spread apart.
4. Matter with a definite volume and a definite
shape
5. Matter with a definite volume but no shape
of its own
6. Matter without a definite shape or volume
7. The resistance of a liquid to flowing
8. A solid in which the particles are not
arranged in a regular pattern
9. A solid in which the particles are arranged
in a regular, repeating pattern
10. A substance that flows
11. The result of an inward pull among the
molecules of a liquid that bring surface molecules
closer together
Changes of State
Review and Reinforce
1. Gain; Increases
2. Loss; Decreases
3. Gain; Increases
4. Loss; Decreases
5. Gain; Increases
6. boiling point
7. condensation
8. vaporization
9. boiling
10. evaporation
11. melting
12. freezing
13. melting point
14. sublimation
Gas Behavior
Review and Reinforce
1. that pressure increases
2. that pressure decreases
3. that volume increases
4. On a hot day, the pressure of the gas would
increase. On a cold day, the pressure would
decrease.
5.
6. The speed of the particles increases.
7. c
8. b
9. d
10. a
Graphing Gas Behavior
Review and Reinforce
1. Graph A—Charles’s law
Graph B—Boyle’s law
2. Graph A—The variables are directly proportional
because their graph is a straight line
that passes through the origin.
Graph B—The variables vary inversely because
a line connecting the graphed points makes a
curve that slopes downward from left to right
and is less steep near the x-axis than the y-axis.
3. Answers may vary slightly.
a. about 80 cm3
b. about 50 kPa
4. A diagram showing the relationship of two
variables
5. When graphed, the line connecting the
points makes a curve that slopes downward
from left to right and is less steep near the x-axis
than the y-axis.
6. The graph of two variables that are directly
proportional is a straight line that passes
through the origin.