Computer Service Technology I
This course will validate knowledge of basic computer hardware and operating systems,
covering skills such as installation, building, upgrading, repairing, configuring,
troubleshooting, optimizing, diagnosing and preventive maintenance, with additional
elements of soft skills, how to recycle and dispose of computer gear properly avoiding
hazardous situations, and security. This course prepares the student for the Essentials
exam. The Essentials exam validates the basic skills needed by any entry-level service
technician regardless of job environment. The exam will also test your ability to
communicate effectively with customers and coworkers displaying professional behavior.
Prerequisites: Students must have a strong knowledge of and basic skill in computer
hardware and software systems. Must have completed Algebra I with at least a grade of
“C” or better.
Table of Contents
Basic Computer Technology....................................................................2
Personal Computer Components..............................................................2
Laptops and Portable Devices ..................................................................4
Operating Systems ...................................................................................5
Printers and Scanners ...............................................................................7
Networks ..................................................................................................8
Security ....................................................................................................9
Safety and Environmental Issues .............................................................9
Communication and Professionalism ....................................................10
Acronyms ...............................................................................................11
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Computer Service Technology I
Content Guideline
(The student will be able to . . .)
Unit One
Basic Computer Technology
1. Describe the basic principles of personal computer use.
a. Display basic skill in using the personal computer.
b. Identify different computer types.
c. Identify computer systems and programs.
2. Display proficiency in use of Windows operating system.
a. View and display skill in basic information such as set time, date; minimize,
maximize and close; adjust desktop settings; and use start menu options.
b. Display skill in basic use of desktop; icon; and recognizing parts of the
application window.
3. Describe and discriminate between basic software applications such as word
processors; spreadsheets; databases; presentations; and web-browsers and email
programs.
4. Identify measurement-related terminology.
a. Differentiate between analog and digital systems.
b. Identify Boolean logic and display skill in using Boolean searches.
c. Display skill in using the decimal and binary numbers systems; converting
decimal to binary; binary to hexadecimal (and vice versa).
5. Discuss basic lab safety rules and use of tools.
a. Display skill in setting up a safe workplace testing area.
b. Sign and agree to a basic lab safety agreement.
Unit Two
Personal Computer Components
1. Identify the fundamental principles of using personal computers.
a. Identify and differentiate between storage devices such as FDD; HDD;
CD/DVD/RW (e.g.,, drive speeds, media types); removable storage (e.g., tape
drive, solid state such as thumb drive, flash and SD cards, USB, external CD-RW,
and hard drive).
b. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of motherboards including:
i. Form Factor (e.g., ATX/BTX and micro ATX/NLX)
ii. Components including integrated I/Os (e.g., sound, video, USB, serial, IEEE
1394/firewire, parallel, NIC, and modem), memory slots (e.g., RIMM,
DIMM), processor sockets, external cache memory, bus architecture, bus slots
(e.g., PCI, AGP, PCIe, AMR, and CNR), EIDE/PATA, SATA, and SCSI
technology
iii. Chipsets
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iv. BIOS/CMOS/Firmware
v. Riser card/daughter board
c. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of power supplies, for example:
AC adapter, ATX, proprietary, and voltage.
d. Identify the names purposes and characteristics of processor/CPUs.
i. CPU chips (e.g,. AMD, Intel)
ii. CPU technologies including hyperthreading, dual core, throttling, micro code
(MMX), overclocking, cache, VRM, speed (real vs. actual), and 32 vs. 64 bit
e. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of memory.
i. Types of memory (e.g., DRAM, SRAM, SDRAM, DDR/DDR2, and
RAMBUS)
ii. Operational characteristics including memory chips (8, 16, 32), parity versus
non-parity, ECC vs. non-ECC, and single-sided vs. double-sided
f. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of display devices, for example:
projectors, CRT and LCD.
i. Connector types (e.g. VGA, DVI/HDMi, S-Video, and Component/RGB)
ii. settings (e.g., V-hold, refresh rate, and resolution)
g. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of input devices, for example:
mouse, keyboard, bar code reader, multimedia (e.g., web and digital cameras,
MIDI, and microphones), biometric devices, and touch screen.
h. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of adapter cards.
i. Video including PCI/PCIe and AGP
ii. Multimedia
iii. I/O (SCSI, serial, USB, and Parallel)
iv. Communications including network and modem
i. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of ports and cables, for example:
USB 1.1 and 2.0, parallel, serial, IEEE 1394/firewire, RJ45 and RJ11, PS2/MiniDIN, and centronics (e.g., mini, 36) multimedia (e.g., 1/8 connector, MIDI
Coaxial, SPDIF).
j. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of cooling systems, for example:
heat sinks, CPU and case fans, liquid cooling systems, and thermal compound.
2. Install, configure, optimize and upgrade personal computer components.
a. Add, remove and configure internal and external storage devices, and drive
preparation of internal storage devices including format/file systems and imaging
technology.
b. Install display devices.
c. Add, remove and configure basic input and multimedia devices.
3. Identify tools, diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques for personal
computer components.
a. Recognize the basic aspects of troubleshooting theory.
i. Perform backups before making changes
ii. Assess a problem systematically and divide large problems into smaller
components to be analyzed individually
iii. Verify even the obvious; determine whether the problem is something simple
and make no assumptions
iv. Research ideas and establish priorities
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v. Document findings, actions and outcomes
b. Identify and perform basic diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques
to include:
i. Identifying the problem, including questioning user and identifying user
changes to computer
ii. Analyzing the problem, including potential causes and make an initial
determination of software and/or hardware problems
iii. Testing related components, including: inspection, connections,
hardware/software configurations, device manager and consulting vendor
documentation
iv. Evaluating results and taking additional steps if needed such as consultation,
use of alternate resources, and manuals
v. Documenting activities and outcomes
c. Recognize and isolate issues with display, power, basic input devices, storage,
memory, thermal, and POST errors (e.g., BIOS, hardware).
d. Apply basic troubleshooting techniques to check for problems (e.g., thermal
issues, error codes, power, connections including cables and/or pins,
compatibility, functionality, and software/drivers) with components such as
motherboards, power supply, processor/CPUs, memory, display devices, input
devices, and adapter cards.
e. Recognize the names, purposes, characteristics and appropriate application of
tools for example: BIOS, self-test, hard drive self-test and software diagnostics
test.
4. Perform preventive maintenance on personal computer components.
a. Identify and apply basic aspects of preventive maintenance theory to include:
visual/audio inspection, driver/firmware updates, scheduling preventive
maintenance, use of appropriate repair tools and cleaning materials, ensuring
proper environment.
b. Identify and apply common preventive maintenance techniques for devices such
as input devices and batteries.
Unit Three
Laptops and Portable Devices
1. Identify the fundamental principles of using laptops and portable devices.
a. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of laptop-specific form factors such
as memory and hard drives, peripherals (e.g., docking station, port replicator and
media/accessory bay), expansion slots (e.g., PCMCIA I, II and III, card and
express bus), ports (e.g., mini PCI slot), communication connections (e.g.,
Bluetooth, infrared, cellular WAN, Ethernet), power and electrical input devices
(e.g., auto-switching and fixed-input power supplies, batteries), LCD technologies
(e.g., active and passive matrix, resolution such as XGA, SXGA+, UXGA,
WUXGA, contrast ratio, native resolution), and input devices (e.g.,
stylus/digitizer, function (Fn) keys and pointing devices such as touch pad, and
point stick/track point).
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b. Identify and distinguish between mobile and desktop motherboards and
processors including throttling, power management and WiFi.
2. Install, configure, optimize and upgrade laptops and portable devices.
a. Configure power management.
i. Identify the features of BIOS-ACPI
ii. Identify the difference between suspend, hibernate and standby
b. Demonstrate safe removal of laptop-specific hardware such as peripherals, hotswappable devices and non-hot-swappable devices.
3. Identify tools, basic diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques for laptops
and portable devices.
a. Use procedures and techniques to diagnose power conditions, video, keyboard,
pointer and wireless card issues, such as
i. Verifying AC power (e.g., LEDs and swap AC adapter)
ii. Verifying DC power
iii. Removing unneeded peripherals
iv. Plugging in external monitor
v. Toggling Fn keys
vi. Checking LCD cutoff switch
vii. Verifying backlight functionality and pixilation
viii. Testing stylus issues (e.g.,digitizer problems)
ix. Testing unique laptop keypad issues
x. Verifying antenna wires
4. Perform preventive maintenance on laptops and portable devices by identifying and
applying common preventive maintenance techniques for laptops and portable
devices, such as, cooling devices, hardware and video cleaning materials, operating
environments including temperature and air quality, storage, transportation and
shipping.
Unit Four
Operating Systems (Unless otherwise noted, operating systems referred to within
include Microsoft systems.)
1. Identify the fundamentals of using operating systems.
a. Identify differences between operating systems (e.g., Mac, Windows, and Linux)
and describe operating system revision levels including GUI, system
requirements, application and hardware compatibility.
b. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of the primary operating system
components including registry, virtual memory and file system.
c. Describe features of operating system interfaces, to include: Windows Explorer,
My Computer, Control Panel, Command Prompt, My Network Places, Task
bar/systray, and Start Menu.
d. Identify the names, locations, purposes and characteristics of operating system
files such as, BOOT.INI, NTLDR, NTDETECT.COM, NTBOOTDD.SYS, and
registry data files.
e. Identify concepts and procedures for creating, viewing, managing disks,
directories and files in operating systems to include: disks (e.g., active, primary,
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extended and logical partitions), file systems (e.g., FAT 32 and NTFS), directory
structures (e.g., create folders and navigate directory structures), files (e.g.,
creation, extensions, attributes, and permissions).
2. Install, configure, optimize and upgrade operating systems – references to upgrading
from Windows 95 and NT may be made.
a. Identify procedures for installing operating systems including:
i. Verification of hardware compatibility and minimum requirements
ii. Installation methods (e.g., boot media such as CD, floppy or USB, network
installation, and drive imaging)
iii. Operating system installation options (e.g., attended/unattended, file system
type, and network configuration)
iv. Disk preparation order (e.g., start installation, partition, and format drive)
v. Device driver configuration (e.g., install and upload device drivers)
vi. Verification of installation
b. Identify procedures for upgrading operating systems including:
i. Upgrade considerations (e.g., hardware, application and/or network
compatibility)
ii. Implementation (e.g., backup data and install additional Windows
components)
c. Install/add a device including loading, adding device drivers and required
software including:
i. Determine whether permissions are adequate for performing the task
ii. Device driver installation (e.g., automated and/or manual search and
installation of device drivers)
iii. Using unsigned drivers (e.g., driver signing)
iv. Verify installation of the driver (e.g., device manager and functionality)
d. Identify procedures and utilities used to optimize operating systems, for example,
virtual memory, hard drives, temporary files, service, startup and applications.
3. Identify tools, diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques for operating
systems.
a. Identify basic boot sequences, methods and utilities for recovering operating
systems.
i. Boot methods (e.g., safe mode, recovery console, and boot to restore point)
ii. ASR (e.g., Emergency Repair Disk)
b. Identify and apply diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques to
include:
i. Identifying the problem by questioning the user and identifying user changes
to the computer
ii. Analyzing problem including potential causes and initial determination of
software and/or hardware problem
iii. Testing related components including connections, hardware/software
configurations, device manager and consulting vendor documentation
iv. Evaluating results and taking additional steps if needed such as consultation,
alternate resources and manuals
v. Documenting activities and outcomes
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c. Recognize and resolve common operational issues such as bluescreen, system
lock-up, input/output device, application install, start or load, and Windowsspecific printing problems (e.g., print spool stalled and incorrect/incompatible
driver for print).
d. Explain common error messages and codes to include:
i. Boot (e.g., invalid boot disk, inaccessible boot drive, and missing NTLDR)
ii. Startup (e.g., device/service failed to start and device/program in registry not
found)
iii. Event Viewer
iv. Registry
v. Windows reporting
e. Identify the names, locations, purposes and characteristics of operating system
utilities such as disk management tools (e.g., DEFRAG, NTBACKUP, CHKDSK,
and Format), system management tools (e.g., device and task manager, and
MSCONFIG.EXE), and file management tools (e.g., Windows Explorer, and
ATTRIB.EXE).
4. Perform preventive maintenance on operating systems describing common utilities
for performing preventive maintenance on operating systems, for example, software
and Windows updates (e.g., service packs), scheduled backups/restore, and restore
points.
Unit Five
Printers and Scanners
1. Identify the fundamental principles of using printers and scanners.
a. Identify differences between types of printer and scanner technologies (e.g., laser,
inkjet, thermal, solid ink, and impact).
b. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of printer and scanner components
(e.g., memory, driver, and firmware) and consumables (e.g., toner, ink cartridge,
and paper).
c. Identify the names, purposes and characteristics of interfaces used by printers and
scanners including port and cable types to include:
i. Parallel
ii. Network (e.g., NIC and print servers)
iii. USB
iv. Serial
v. IEEE 1394/firewire
vi. Wireless (e.g., Bluetooth, 802.11, and infrared)
vii. SCSI
2. Identify basic concepts of installing, configuring, optimizing and upgrading printers
and scanners.
a. Install and configure printers/scanners.
i. Power and connect the device using local or network port
ii. Install and update device driver and calibrate the device
iii. Configure options and default settings
iv. Print a test page
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b. Optimize printer performance, for example, printer settings such as tray
switching, print spool settings, device calibration, media types and paper
orientation.
3. Identify tools, basic diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques for
printers and scanners.
a. Gather information about printer/scanner problems to include:
i. Identifying symptom
ii. Reviewing device error codes, computer error messages and history (e.g.,
event log and user reports)
iii. Printing or scanning a test page
iv. Using appropriate generic or vendor-specific diagnostic tools including webbased utilities
b. Review and analyze collected data by establishing probable causes, reviewing
service documentation, and reviewing knowledge base to define and isolate the
problem (e.g., software vs. hardware, driver, connectivity, and printer).
c. Identify solutions to identified printer/scanner problems by defining specific
cause and apply fix, replacing consumables as needed, and verifying functionality
and get user acceptance of problem fix.
Unit Six
Networks
1. Identify the fundamental principles of networks.
a. Describe basic networking concepts to include: addressing, bandwidth, status
indicators, protocols (e.g., TCP/IP including IP, classful subnet, IPX/SPX
including NWLINK, and NETBEUI/NETBIOS), full-duplex, half-duplex, cabling
(e.g., twisted pair, coaxial cable, fiber optic, RS-232, USB, and IEEE
1394/Firewire), and networking models including peer-to-peer and client/server.
b. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of the common network cables to
include: Plenum/PVC, UTP (e.g., CAT3, CAT5/5e, and CAT6), STP, and fiber
(e.g., single-mode and multi-mode).
c. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of network connectors (e.g., RJ45
and RJ11, ST/SC/LC, and MT-RJ).
d. Identify names, purposes and characteristics (e.g., definition, and speed and
connections) of technologies for establishing connectivity to include: LAN/WAN,
ISDN, broadband (e.g., DSL, cable, and satellite), dial-up, wireless (all 802.11),
infrared, Bluetooth, cellular, and VoIP.
2. Install, configure, optimize and upgrade networks.
a. Install and configure network cards (physical address).
b. Install, identify and obtain wired and wireless connection.
3. Identify tools, diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques for networks
explaining status indicators, for example, speed, connection and activity lights and
wireless signal strength.
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Unit Seven
Security
1. Identify the fundamental principles of security.
a. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of hardware and software security to
include: hardware deconstruction/recycling, smart cards/biometrics (e.g., key
fobs, cards, and chips and scans), authentication technologies (e.g., user name,
password, biometrics, and smart cards), malicious software protection (e.g.,
viruses, Trojans, worms, spam, spyware, adware, and grayware), software
firewalls, and file system security (e.g., FAT32 and NTFS).
b. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of wireless security to include:
wireless encryption (e.g., WEP.x and WPA.x) and client configuration and access
points (e.g., disable DHCP/use static IP, change SSID from default, disable SSID
broadcast, MAC filtering, change default username and password, update
firmware, and firewall).
c. Identify names, purposes and characteristics of data and physical security.
i. Data access (basic local security policy)
ii. Encryption technologies
iii. Backups
iv. Data migration
v. Data/remnant removal
vi. Password management
vii. Locking workstation (e.g., hardware and operating system)
d. Describe importance and process of incidence reporting.
e. Recognize and respond appropriately to social engineering situations.
2. Install, configure, upgrade and optimize security.
a. Install, configure, upgrade and optimize hardware, software and data security.
i. BIOS
ii. Smart cards
iii. Authentication technologies
iv. Malicious software protection
v. Data access (basic local security policy)
vi. Backup procedures and access to backups
vii. Data migration and data/remnant removal
3. Identify tool, diagnostic procedures and troubleshooting techniques for security to
include: issues with BIOS, smart cards, biometrics, authentication technologies,
malicious software, file system (e.g., FAT32 and NTFS), data access (e.g., basic local
security policy), backup, and data migration.
4. Perform preventive maintenance for computer security by implementing software
security preventive maintenance techniques such as installing service packs and
patches and training users about malicious software prevention technologies.
Unit Eight
Safety and Environmental Issues
1. Describe the aspects and importance of safety and environmental issues.
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a. Identify potential safety hazards and take preventive action.
b. Use MSDS or equivalent documentation, and appropriate equipment
documentation.
c. Use appropriate repair tools.
d. Describe methods to handle environmental and human (e.g., electrical, chemical,
and physical) accidents including incident reporting.
2. Identify potential hazards and implement proper safety procedures, including ESD
precautions and procedures, safe work environment, and equipment handling.
3. Identify proper disposal procedures for batteries, display devices, and chemical
solvents and cans.
Unit Nine
Communication and Professionalism
1. Use good communication skills including, listening and tact/discretion, when
communicating with customers and colleagues by using clear, concise and direct
statements, allowing the customer to complete statements (avoid interrupting),
clarifying customer statements – asking pertinent questions, avoiding the use of
technical jargon, abbreviations and acronyms, and listening to customers.
2. Use job-related professional behavior including, notation of privacy, confidentiality
and respect for the customer and customers’ property by maintaining a positive
attitude and tone of voice, avoiding arguments with customers and/or becoming
defensive, minimizing customers’ problems, avoiding being judgmental and/or
insulting or calling the customer names, avoiding distractions and/or interruptions
when talking with customers, and properly handling the customer’s property
(telephone, laptop, desktop computer, printer, monitor, etc.).
Developed May 2007
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ACRONYMS
Acronym
AC
ACPI
ACT
ADSL
AGP
AMD
AMR
APIPA
APM
ARP
ASR
AT
ATA
ATAPI
ATM
ATX
BIOS
BNC
BRI
BTX
CCD
CD
CD-ROM
CD-RW
CDFS
CMOS
CNR
COM1
CPU
CRIMM
CRT
DAC
DB-25
DB-9
DC
DDOS
DDR
DDR RAM
DDR SDRAM
DFS
Developed May 2007
Spelled Out
alternating current
advanced configuration and power interface
activity
asymmetrical digital subscriber line
accelerated graphics port
advanced micro devices
audio modem riser
automatic private internet protocol addressing
advanced power management
address resolution protocol
automated system recovery
advanced technology
advanced technology attachment
advanced technology attachment packet interface
asynchronous transfer mode
advanced technology extended
basic input/output system
Bayonet-Neill-Concelman or British Navel Connector
basic rate interface
balanced technology extended
charged coupled device
compact disc
compact disc-read-only memory
compact disc-rewritable
compact disc file system
complementary metal-oxide semiconductor
communication network riser
communication port 1
central processing unit
continuity-rambus inline memory module
cathode-ray tube
discretionary access control
serial communications D-shell connector, 25 pins
9 pin D shell connector
direct current
distributed denial of service
double data-rate
double data-rate random access memory
double data-rate synchronous dynamic random access
memory
distributed file system
Computer Service Technology I
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DHCP
DIMM
DIN
DIP
DLT
DLP
DMA
DNS
DOS
DPMS
DRAM
DSL
DVD
DVD-RAM
DVD-ROM
DVD-R
DVD-RW
DVI
ECC
ECP
EEPROM
EFS
EIDE
EISA
EMI
EMP
EPROM
EPP
ERD
ESD
ESDI
EVGA
EVDO
FAT
FAT12
FAT16
FAT32
FDD
FERPA
Fn
FPM
FRU
FTP
FQDN
GB
GDI
Developed May 2007
dynamic host configuration protocol
dual inline memory module
Deutsche Industrie Norm
dual inline package
digital linear tape
digital light processing
direct memory access
domain name service or domain name server
disk operating system or denial of service
display power management signaling
dynamic random access memory
digital subscriber line
digital video disc or digital versatile disc
digital video disc-random access memory
digital video disc-read only memory
digital video disc-recordable
digital video disc-rewritable
digital visual interface
error correction code
extended capabilities port
electrically erasable programmable read-only memory
encrypting file system
enhanced integrated drive electronics
extended industry standard architecture
electromagnetic interference
electromagnetic pulse
erasable programmable read-only memory
enhanced parallel port
emergency repair disk
electrostatic discharge
enhanced small device interface
extended video graphics adapter/array
evolution data optimized or evolution data only
file allocation table
12-bit file allocation table
16-bit file allocation table
32-bit file allocation table
floppy disk drive
Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act
Function (referring to the function key on a laptop)
fast page-mode
field replaceable unit
file transfer protocol
fully qualified domain name
gigabyte
graphics device interface
Computer Service Technology I
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GHz
GUI
GPRS
GSM
HAL
HCL
HDD
HDMi
HPFS
HTML
HTTP
HTTPS
I/O
ICMP
ICS
ICR
IDE
IEEE
IIS
IMAP
IP
IPCONFIG
IPP
IPSEC
IPX
IPX/SPX
IR
IrDA
IRQ
ISA
ISDN
ISO
ISP
KB
LAN
LBA
LC
LCD
LDAP
LED
LIP or LiPoly
Li-on
LPD/LPR
LPT
LPT1
LPX
Developed May 2007
gigahertz
graphical user interface
general packet radio system
global system for mobile communications
hardware abstraction layer
hardware compatibility list
hard disk drive
high definition media interface
high performance file system
hypertext markup language
hypertext transfer protocol
hypertext transfer protocol over secure sockets layer
input/output
internet control message protocol
internet connection sharing
intelligent character recognition
integrated drive electronics
Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
Internet Information Services
internet mail access protocol
internet protocol
internet protocol configuration
internet printing protocol
internet protocol security
internetwork packet exchange
internetwork packet exchange/sequenced packet exchange
infrared
Infrared Data Association
interrupt request
industry standard architecture
integrated services digital network
Industry Standards Organization
internet service provider
kilobyte
local area network
logical block addressing
Lucent connector
liquid crystal display
lightweight directory access protocol
light emitting diode
lithium-ion polymer
lithium-ion
line printer daemon / line printer remote
line printer terminal
line printer terminal 1
low profile extended
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LVD
MAC
MAN
MAPI
Mb
MB
MBR
MBSA
MCR
MFD
MFP
MHz
MicroDIMM
MIDI
MIME
MLI
MMC
MMX
MP3
MPEG
MSCONFIG
MSDS
MUI
NAS
NAT
NetBIOS
NetBEUI
NFS
NIC
NiCd
NiMH
NLI
NLX
NNTP
NTFS
NTLDR
NWLINK
OCR
OEM
OMR
OS
OSR
PAN
PATA
PC
PCI
Developed May 2007
low voltage differential
media access control
metropolitan area network
messaging application programming interface
megabit
megabyte
master boot record
Microsoft Baseline Security Analyzer
multivariant curve resolution
multi-function device
multi-function product
megahertz
micro dual inline memory module
musical instrument digital interface
multipurpose internet mail extension
multiple link interface
Microsoft management console
multimedia extensions
Moving Picture Experts Group Layer 3 Audio
Moving Picture Experts Group
Microsoft configuration
material safety data sheet
multilingual user interface
network-attached storage
network address translation
networked basic input/output system
networked basic input/output system extended user interface
network file system
network interface card
nickel cadmium
nickel metal hydride
not logged in or natural language interface
new low-profile extended
network news transfer protocol
new technology file system
new technology loader
Netware Link
optical character recognition
original equipment manufacturer
optical mark recognition
operating system
original equipment manufacturer service release
personal area network
parallel advanced technology attachment
personal computer
peripheral component interconnect
Computer Service Technology I
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PCIe
PCIX
PCL
PCMCIA
PDA
PGA
PGA2
PIN
PKI
PnP
POP
POP3
POST
POTS
PPP
PPTP
PRI
PROM
PS/2
PSTN
PVC
PXE
QoS
RAID
RAM
RAS
RBAC
RDRAM
RF
RFI
RGB
RIMM
RIP
RIS
RISC
RJ
RJ-11
RJ-45
RMA
ROM
RS-232 or RS-232C
RTC
SAN
SATA
SC
SCSI
Developed May 2007
peripheral component interconnect express
peripheral component interconnect extended
printer control language
Personal Computer Memory Card International Association
personal digital assistant
pin grid array
pin grid array 2
personal identification number
public key infrastructure
plug and play
post office protocol
post office protocol 3
power-on self test
plain old telephone service
point-to-point protocol
point-to-point tunneling protocol
primary rate interface
programmable read-only memory
Personal System/2 connector
public switched telephone network
permanent virtual circuit
preboot execution environment
quality of service
redundant array of independent (or inexpensive) discs
random access memory
remote access service
role-based access control or rule-based access control
RAMBUS® dynamic random access memory
radio frequency
radio frequency interference
red green blue
RAMBUS® inline memory module
routing information protocol
remote installation service
reduced instruction set computer
registered jack
registered jack function 11
registered jack function 45
returned materials authorization
read only memory
recommended standard 232
real-time clock
storage area network
serial advanced technology attachment
subscription channel
small computer system interface
Computer Service Technology I
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SCSI ID
SD
SDRAM
SEC
SFC
SGRAM
SIMM
SLI
SMB
SMTP
SNMP
SoDIMM
SOHO
SP
SP1
SP2
SPDIF
SPGA
SPX
SRAM
SSH
SSID
SSL
ST
STP
SVGA
SXGA
TB
TCP
TCP/IP
TDR
TFTP
UART
UDF
UDMA
UDP
UL
UNC
UPS
URL
USB
USMT
UTP
UXGA
Developed May 2007
small computer system interface identifier
card secure digital card
synchronous dynamic random access memory
single edge connector
system file checker
synchronous graphics random access memory
single inline memory module
scalable link interface or system level integration or scanline
interleave mode
server message block or small to midsize business
simple mail transport protocol
simple network management protocol
small outline dual inline memory module
small office/home office
service pack
service pack 1
service pack 2
Sony-Philips digital interface format
staggered pin grid array
sequenced package exchange
static random access memory
secure shell
service set identifier
secure sockets layer
straight tip
shielded twisted pair
super video graphics array
super extended graphics array
terabyte
transmission control protocol
transmission control protocol/internet protocol
time domain reflectometer
trivial file transfer protocol
universal asynchronous receiver transmitter
user defined functions or universal disk format or universal
data format
ultra direct memory access
user datagram protocol
Underwriter’s Laboratory
universal naming convention
uninterruptible power supply
uniform resource locator
universal serial bus
user state migration tool
unshielded twisted pair
ultra extended graphics array
Computer Service Technology I
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VESA
VFAT
VGA
VoIP
VPN
VRAM
WAN
WAP
WEP
WIFI
WINS
WLAN
WPA
WUXGA
XGA
ZIF
ZIP
Developed May 2007
Video Electronics Standards Association
virtual file allocation table
video graphics array
voice over internet protocol
virtual private network
video random access memory
wide area network
wireless application protocol
wired equivalent privacy
wireless fidelity
windows internet name service
wireless local area network
wireless protected access
wide ultra extended graphics array
extended graphics array
zero-insertion-force
zigzag inline package
Computer Service Technology I
Page 17