Human Anatomy & Physiology
Skeletal System Lab
Name _______________________________
Mod ____
Objectives:
1. Draw and identify the major components of microscopic bone tissue.
2. Identify the major anatomical structures of a long bone on paper and a model.
3. Identify the structures of a typical vertebra on paper and a model. Distinguish the characteristics of the 5
vertebral regions.
4. Identify the structures associated with the pelvic bone on paper and a model. Compare the male and
female pelvis.
5. Identify the bones of the skull on paper and a model.
6. Identify and locate various projections, depressions, and openings in bones of the skull, vertebrae, and
appendages on paper and a model.
7. Identify and describe different types of articulations.
Procedure:
In each section you will be asked to identify appropriate bones or bone structures by labeling a drawing. In
some sections (marked by two asterisks) you will be asked for teacher initials. In order to get initials you will
be quizzed on the section, so make sure you are confident in your knowledge. You will be asked to point out
the structures on the skeleton or a model bone.
A. Histology**
1. Osteocytes are located within tiny cavities called lacunae. The lacunae lie within concentric lamellae
of calcified matrix and are connected by a system of canaliculi. The lamellae are arranged around a
central Haversian Canal.
2. Examine a section of bone under the microscope. Using your text or other reference, draw and label
the field of view in the microscope. Label the following: Haversian canal, lamellae, lacuna with
osteocyte, canaliculi.
3. When you finish your drawing have it initialed or no credit will be given. The drawing must be
made from the microscope.
Cross-Section:
Longitudinal Section:
Magnification: ___________________
Anatomy of a Long Bone: Label the diagram. No need to test out. Note: Lines on diagram may not
match word list.
____ periosteum
____spongy bone
____articular cartilage
____ medullary cavity
____ epiphysis
____ diaphysis
____ epiphyseal disk (line)
____ compact bone
____ yellow marrow
____ red marrow
The Pelvis: Label the structures listed below. Get tested out by your instructor.**
____ greater sciatic notch
____ischial spine
____ obturator foramen
____ischial tuberosity ____ pubic ramus
____ ischium
____ iliac crest
____ acetabulum
____ anterior inferior iliac spine
Color the ilium blue,
the ischium red,
and the pubis yellow
____ ilium
____ pubis
____ anterior superior iliac spine
The scapula: Label the listed structures. Then check out with the instructor. **
____ spine
____ coracoid process
____ acromion process
____ Glenoid fossa (cavity)
____ lateral angle
____ medial margin
____ inferior angle
Vertebrae**
1. Identify the following vertebral structures by labeling the diagram.
2. Get teacher initials.
____ body
____vertebral foramen
____ articulating processes (4)
____ transverse processes (2)
____ spinous process
____ pedicle
____ vertebral arch
3. Give a structural characteristic for each of the following vertebral types. No initials necessary.
Vertebrae
Distinguishing Characteristic
Cervical
Thoracic
Lumbar
Sacral
Coccyx
The Skull**
1. Identify the following structures by labeling the diagrams of the skull below. Note: The foramen
magnum is not shown on either of the two diagrams but you still must identify it!
2. Test out with your teacher.
____ frontal
____ parietal
____ occipital
____ temporal
____ sphenoid
____ lacrimal
____ maxilla
____ mandible
____ zygomatic
____ nasal
____ infraorbital
foramen
____ foramen
magnum
____ zygomatic arch ____ mandibular
condyle
____ external auditory meatus
____ vomer
____ mastoid
process
____ styloid process ____ mental
foramen
Radius/Ulna: Label the two bones and the markings listed. Test out with your instructor.**
____ Radius:
____ radial tuberosity
____ styloid process
____ Ulna:
____ olecranon process
____ trochlear notch
____ coronoid process
____styloid process
Humerus: Label the listed structures on the diagram. Get tested out by your instructor.**
____ head
____ greater tubercle
____ lesser tubercle
____ deltoid tuberosity
____ trochlea
____ capitulum
____ coronoid fossa
____ olecranon fossa
Anterior View
Posterior View
Femur: Label the markings listed below. Get tested out by your instructor.**
____ head
____ greater trochanter
____lesser trochanter
____ lateral condyle
____ medial condyle
____ gluteal tuberosity
____ medial epicondyle
____ lateral epicondyle
Right Anterior
Right Posterior
Tibia and Fibula. Color the tibia red and the fibula blue. Get tested out by your instructor.**
____ tibial tuberosity
____anterior crest
____ medial malleolus
____ intercondylar eminence
____ medial condyle
____ lateral condyle
____ lateral malleolus
Posterior
Anterior
Articulations**
1. Fill in the table with the correct information.
2. Locate an example of each type of joint on the full skeleton.
3. Get teacher initials.
Joint Type
Suture
Symphysis
Gliding
Pivot
Saddle
Hinge
Movement Allowed
Example
Initials
Ball &
Socket
B. Final Questions: Answer the following questions on the back of this sheet. Please use complete
and coherent sentences.
1. Why do bones have projections? Give two reasons/functions.
2. What is the main function of foramina (singular form is foramen)?
3. What is the function of articular cartilage?
4. What are fibrous sutures? Where are they found?
5. What are the five functions of the skeletal system?
6. What are canaliculi and what is their main function?
7. What are lamellae?
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