經濟學原理第四次作業
授課教授：莊惠玲
注意：請把選擇題答案寫在下面格子裡，問答題寫在背面空白處務必標清楚題號
一、問答題：
課本第五章第 120 頁 PROBLEMS 第 6 題
課本第六章第 143 頁 PROBLEMS 第 2 題 第 144 頁 PROBLEMS 第 6 題
二、選擇題：
1.
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15.
1. An outcome is efficient if
A)
the marginal benefit of the last unit is equal to marginal cost.
B)
the marginal benefit of the last unit exceeds marginal cost.
C)
the marginal benefit is less than the marginal cost.
D)
the total benefit is equal to the marginal cost.
2. Allocative efficiency occurs when it is
A)
possible to produce more of one good without giving up the production of some other good.
B)
possible to produce more of all goods.
C)
not possible to produce more of one good without giving up the production of some other good
that is valued less highly.
D)
not possible to produce more of one good without giving up the production of some other good
that is valued more highly.
3. Marginal benefit
A)
is the same as the total benefit received from consuming a good.
B)
is the maximum amount a person is willing to pay for one more unit of a good.
C)
increases as consumption increases.
D)
is the difference between total benefit and total cost.
4. Joe is willing to pay $4 for his first slice of pizza and $3 for his second slice of pizza. If the market
price is $2, on his two slices of pizza Joe receives a total consumer surplus of
A)
$4.
B)
$3.
C)
$2.
D)
$1.
5. The supply curve for CDs shows the
A)
minimum price that consumers are willing to pay if a given quantity of CDs is available.
B)
maximum price that consumers are willing to pay if a given quantity of CDs is available.
C)
maximum price that producers must be offered to get them to produce a given quantity of CDs.
D)
minimum price that producers must be offered to get them to produce a given quantity of CDs.
6. Farmer Jones knows that the opportunity cost to produce a bushel of tomatoes is $5 per bushel. He
also knows that a consumer is willing to pay a maximum of $9 for the bushel. The price of the
bushel is $6 and Farmer Jones sells his bushel of $6. On this bushel, Farmer Jones earns a
producer surplus equal to
A)
$1.
B)
$3.
C)
$5.
D)
$6.
7.
Which of the following can prevent markets from reaching efficiency?
I.
price ceiling
II.
increasing marginal cost
III.
monopoly
A)
I only.
B)
I and II.
C)
II and III.
D)
I and III.
8. The figure above shows the market for coffee. If 10 million pounds of coffee a month are available,
the ____ price that consumers are willing to pay for the last pound is ____ .
A)
maximum; $2.00
B)
maximum; $3.50
C)
minimum; $2.00
D)
minimum; $3.50
9. The figure above shows the market for coffee. If 30 pound of coffee a month are available, the ____
price that consumers are willing to pay for the last pound is ____ .
A)
maximum; $4.00.
B)
minimum; $4.00.
C)
maximum; $2.50.
D)
minimum; $2.50.
10. Which of the following ideas describes the concept of “utilitarianism?”
I.
Utilitarianism gained popularity in the 1930s.
II.
Utilitarians believed that a society should strive to make as many people as happy as possible.
III.
Utilitarians claimed that taking money from rich people and giving it to poorer people would
not make an economy better off.
A)
II only.
B)
III only.
C)
I and II.
D)
I, II and III.
11. Which of the following arguments support the proposition that society should accept at least some
income inequality?
A)
Income redistribution will require taxation, causing inefficiently low levels of labor supply and
saving, thus decreasing the size of the economic pie.
B)
Administrative costs associated with income redistribution imply that low-income persons
receive less than $1 for each dollar taken from high-income people.
C)
Income redistribution programs cause skilled labor and capital to be diverted to tax compliance
activities and away from production of goods and services that people value.
D)
All of the above answers are correct because all support the proposition that society should
accept some income inequality.
12. In the figure above, the initial demand curve is D0. There are no rent ceilings nor rent floors. Thus,
the initial equilibrium monthly rent is
A)
$100 per month.
B)
$200 per month.
C)
$300 per month.
D)
$400 per month.
13. In the figure above, the demand curve shifts rightward from D0 to D1. There are no rent controls.
In the short run, the increase in demand results in
A)
higher rents and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity.
B)
lower rents and a decrease in the equilibrium quantity.
C)
higher rents and an increase in the equilibrium quantity.
D)
lower rents and an increase in the equilibrium quantity.
Quantity of
Quantity of
Rent
apartments
apartments
(dollars per
supplied
demanded
month)
(per month)
(per month)
200
20
100
300
40
80
400
60
60
500
80
40
600
100
20
14. The above table gives the demand schedule and the supply schedule for housing in Anytown,
U.S.A. If a price ceiling of $300 is imposed in the housing market, then
A)
there would be a surplus of apartments.
B)
there would be a shortage of apartments.
C)
the market would reach equilibrium at the quantity of 60 housing units.
D)
the supply of housing would increase.
15. The above table gives the demand schedule and the supply schedule for housing in Anytown,
U.S.A. If a price ceiling of $600 was imposed in the housing market, then
A)
there would be a surplus of apartments.
B)
there would be a shortage of apartments.
C)
the market would reach equilibrium at the quantity of 60 housing units.
D)
the supply of housing would increase.