CHAPTER OUTLINE
Fundamentals of Anatomy and Physiology , 7th edition, ©2006 by Frederic H. Martini
Prepared by Professor Albia Dugger, Miami-Dade College, Miami, Florida

I. Tissues of the Body: An Introduction
A. Objective
1. Identify the four major types of tissues in the body
2. Describe their roles
(vocabulary) a. tissues b. histology
Key
II. Epithelial Tissue
A. Objectives
1. The types and functions of epithelial cells
2. The relationship between form and function for each epithelium type
(vocabulary) a. epithelial tissue b. epithelia c. glands d. cellularity e. polarity f. attachment g. basal lamina h. avascularity (avascular) i. regeneration
B. Functions of Epithelial Tissue
1. Provide Physical Protection
2. Control Permeability
3. Provide Sensation
4. Produce Specialized Secretions a. glandular epithelium
C. Specializations of Epithelial Tissue
(vocabulary) a. ciliated epithelium
D. Maintaining the Integrity of Epithelia
1. Intercellular Connections a. cell adhesion molecules (CAMs) b. intercellular cement c. hyaluronan d. cell junctions e. tight junction

f. lumen g. gap junction h. desmosome
2. Attachment to the Basal Lamina
3. Epithelial Maintenance and Repair a. germinative cells
E. Classification of Epithelia
(vocabulary) a. simple epithelium b. stratified epithelium
1. Squamous Epithelia a. squamous epithelium b. simple squamous epithelium c. mesothelium d. endothelium e. stratified squamous epithelium
2. Cuboidal Epithelia a. cuboidal epithelium b. simple cuboidal epithelium c. stratified cuboidal epithelia
3. Transitional Epithelia a. transitional epithelium
4. Columnar Epithelia a. columnar epithelial cells b. simple columnar epithelium c. pseudostratified columnar epithelium d. stratified columnar epithelium
F. Glandular Epithelia
(vocabulary) a. endocrine glands b. exocrine glands c. ducts
1. Endocrine Glands
2. Exocrine Glands
3. Modes of Secretion a. merocrine secretion b. mucus c. apocrine secretion d. holocrine secretion
4. Types of Secretions a. serous glands b. mucous glands c. mixed exocrine glands
5. Gland Structure

a. unicellular glands b. multicellular glands c. unicellular exocrine glands d. goblet cells
III. Connective Tissues e. multicellular exocrine gland
A. Objectives
1. Compare structures and functions of connective tissues
(vocabulary) a. connective tissue b. ground substance c. matrix
B. Classification of Connective Tissues
(vocabulary) a. connective tissue proper b. fluid connective tissue c. supportive connective tissues d. calcified
C. Connective Tissue Proper
1. Components of connective tissue proper
2. The Cell Populations a. fibroblasts b. macrophages c. adipocytes d. mesenchymal cells e. melanocytes f. melanin g. mast cells h. histamine i. heparin j. lymphocytes k. plasma cells l. microphages
3. Connective Tissue Fibers a. collagen fibers b. reticular fibers c. parenchyma d. elastic fibers e. elastic ligaments
4. Ground Substance
5. Embryonic Connective Tissues a. mesenchyme

b. mucous connective tissue
6. Loose Connective Tissues a. areolar tissue b. adipose tissue c. white fat d. brown fat
4. Reticular Tissue
5. Dense Connective Tissues a. dense connective tissues b. collagenous tissues c. dense regular connective tissue d. tendons e. ligaments f. aponeurosis g, dense irregular connective tissue h. capsule i. elastic tissue
D. Fluid Connective Tissues
(vocabulary) a. blood b. plasma c. red blood cell (erythrocyte) d. white blood cells (leukocytes) e. platelets f. arteries g, capillaries h. veins i. lymph j. lymphatic vessels
E. Supportive Connective Tissues
1. Cartilage a. cartilage b. chondroitin sulfates c. chondrocytes d. lacunae e. antiangiogenesis factor f. perichondrium
2. Cartilage Growth a. interstitial growth b. appositional growth
3. Types of Cartilage a. hyaline cartilage b. elastic cartilage c. fibrocartilage

IV. Membranes
4. Bone a. bone (osseous tissue) b. osteocytes c. canaliculi d. periosteum
A. Objectives
1. How epithelial and connective tissues combine to form four types of membranes, and the functions of each
B. Mucous Membranes
(vocabulary) a. mucous membranes (mucosae) b. lamina propria
C. Serous Membranes
(vocabulary) a. serous membranes b. serosa
D. The Cutaneous Membrane
E. Synovial Membranes
(vocabulary) a. synovial fluid b. synovial membrane
V. The Connective Tissue Framework of the Body
A. Objective
1. How connective tissue establishes the framework of the body
(vocabulary) a. fasciae (fascia) b. superficial fascia (subcutaneous layer) c. deep fascia d. subserous fascia
VI. Muscle Tissue
A. Objective
1. Three types of muscle tissue and the special structures of each
(vocabulary) a. muscle tissue

B. Skeletal Muscle Tissue
(vocabulary) a. skeletal muscle tissue b. muscle fibers c. satellite cells d. striated voluntary muscle
C. Cardiac Muscle Tissue
(vocabulary) a. cardiac muscle tissue b. cardiocyte c. intercalated disks d. striated involuntary muscle
D. Smooth Muscle Tissue
(vocabulary)
VII. Neural Tissue a. smooth muscle tissue b. nonstriated involuntary muscle
A. Objective
1. The basic structure and role of neural tissue
(vocabulary) a. neural tissue b. neurons c. neuroglia d. cell body e. dendrites f. axon g. nerve fibers
VIII. Tissue Injuries and Repair
A. Objective
1. How injuries affect the tissues of the body.
B. Inflammation and Regeneration
(vocabulary) a. inflammation b. inflammatory response c. infection d. regeneration
1. First Phase: Inflammation a. necrosis b. pus

c. abscess
2. Second Phase: Regeneration
C. Aging and Tissue Structure
D. Aging and Cancer Incidence