Chapter 25: Metabolism
1. You only need to read pages 930-940.
2. Know what is meant by metabolism, anabolism, and catabolism.
3. Please read and understand the word document labeled ‘metabolism’ A&P. You are
responsible for the information contained in this handout.
4. You will need to know glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and the electron transport chain.
5. You need to know how many ATP’s are made during carbohydrate metabolism. Please
note that the number in the book is different than the number in my handout. The handout
is more accurate.
6. Remember that you do not need to memorize all of the intermediates in glycolysis and
the Krebs cycle. You only need to know the names of the substrates at beginning and the
products at the end.
7. Glucose is a 6 carbon molecule. Where do the carbon molecules end up?
8. What are NADH and FADH2?
Chapter 27: Fluid, Electrolyte, and Acid-Base Balance
1. What is meant by fluid balance, electrolyte, and acid-base balance? How are they
essential to homeostasis?
2. What is meant by the ECF and the ICF?
3. Explain fluid movement within the ECF.
4. Where does water come from? See figure 27-3 in the book. How much fluid is lost every
day? How much is gained?
5. You must understand fluid shifts described on page 1016. Be able to explain what is
meant by osmotic concentration and how it affect fluid in the ICF and the ECF.
6. Read and understand allocation of water loses on pages 1016-1017. Explain
dehydration and overhydration.
7. Explain sodium balance in the ECF. Figures 27-4 and 27-5 are very helpful.
8. Explain potassium balance in the ICF. Please note that major changes to K+ are life
threatening.
9. Don’t worry about the other electrolytes right now.
10. Please read acid base balance on page 1023-1025. What are acidosis and alkalosis?
What is a buffer?
11. The only buffer system that you need to know is the carbonic acid-bicarbonate buffer
system. It is described on pages 1026-1027.
12. You need to read respiratory acidosis on page 1031. What are the causes? How does
this affect homeostasis?
13. What is respiratory alkalosis? (pages 1032-1033) What are the causes? How does this
affect homeostasis?
14. What is metabolic acidosis? (pp. 1033-1034) What are the causes? How does this
affect homeostasis?
15. What is metabolic alkalosis? (p. 1034) What are the causes? How does this affect
homeostasis?