HEALTH AND SOCIAL 2010 <89>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 2010259348
Authors Van Hout M.C.
Institution
(Van Hout) School of Health Sciences, Waterford Institute of Technology, Ireland.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Travellers and substance use - Implications for service provision.
Source
International Journal of Health Promotion and Education. 48(2)(pp 36-41), 2010. Date of
Publication: 2010.
Publisher
University Dental Hospital
Abstract
Introduction: The Traveller community as ethnic minority experience many risk factors for
problematic substance use relating to their life circumstances, which include; "peer pressure,
stress, anxiousness, family crisis, community or neighbourhood dhorganisation, sibling use,
parental use, sensation seeking behaviours and depression" (Fountain, 2006). The extent of
Traveller drug use remains unknown due to the lack of ethnic identifiers in reporting systems
and a lack of Travellers accessing services (Paveepoint, 2005c). Research Aim: The research
aimed to yield an anecdotal presentation of Traveller substance use from the perspectives of
drug, social, law and community service providers in Ireland. Methods: The research was
qualitative in design and consisted of semi structured interviews with service providers (n =
45) in order to generate a more comprehensive picture of current dominant perceptions of the
"experiences and issues relating to drug and alcohol use among Travellers". Results: The
research findings indicated that drug and alcohol use in the Traveller community in Ireland is
increasing in terms of excessive alcohol use, certain drugs used and patterns of problematic
substance use. Travellers have poor awareness of potential risks relating to substance use
and most are using drugs and alcohol in order to deal with boredom, depression and poverty.
Travellers were reported to be difficult to engage with in terms of addiction treatment, due to
issues with group work, literacy and family crisis. Conclusion: It is vital to consider the needs
of the Travellers and their reported substance use in the development of proactive, culturally
specific and supportive drug prevention and treatment protocols.
ISSN 1463-5240
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name International Journal of Health Promotion and Education
Volume 48
Issue Part 2
Page 36-41
Year of Publication 2010
Date of Publication 2010
HEALTH AND SOCIAL 2010 <119>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 0020159069
Authors Coghlan M. Macdonald S.
Institution
(Coghlan) Centre for Addictions Research of British Columbia, University of Victoria, PO Box 1700, Stn CSC,
Victoria, Canada V8W 2Y2.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
The role of substance use and psychosocial characteristics in explaining
unintentional injuries.
Source
Accident; analysis and prevention. 42(2)(pp 476-479), 2010. Date of Publication: Mar 2010.
Abstract
The objective of this study was to examine the relationship between the use of various
substances and selected psychosocial characteristics with unintentional injury. Crosssectional data was collected from groups of subjects in treatment for a primary problem with
cocaine (n=300), cannabis (n=128), alcohol (n=110), other drugs (n=35), tobacco (n=249), or
gambling (n=199). Subjects completed a self-administered questionnaire that included
questions on various psychosocial scales (i.e., risk-taking/impulsivity, chronic stress, coping,
and social supports), frequency of drug and alcohol use, and unintentional injuries in the year
prior to treatment. For the univariate analyses, both frequency of cocaine and cannabis use,
risk-taking/impulsivity, stress, and coping were significantly related to injuries. For the
multivariate analyses, only risk-taking/impulsivity, stress, age, and sex were significantly
related to injuries. The results provide important information regarding factors associated with
reported injuries among individuals in addiction treatment. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All
rights reserved.
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Accident; analysis and prevention
Volume 42
Issue Part 2
Page 476-479
Year of Publication 2010
Date of Publication Mar 2010
HEALTH AND SOCIAL 2010 <120>
Database EMBASE
Accession Number 0020159066
Authors Watling C.N. Palk G.R. Freeman J.E. Davey J.D.
Institution
(Watling) Centre for Accident Research and Road Safety - Queensland, Queensland University of Technology, K
Block, 130 Victoria Park Road, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia.
Country of Publication
United Kingdom
Title
Applying Stafford and Warr's reconceptualization of deterrence theory to drug
driving: can it predict those likely to offend?
Source
Accident; analysis and prevention. 42(2)(pp 452-458), 2010. Date of Publication: Mar 2010.
Abstract
In December 2007, random roadside drug testing commenced in Queensland, Australia.
Subsequently, the aim of this study was to explore the preliminary impact of Queensland's
drug driving legislation and enforcement techniques by applying Stafford and Warr's [Stafford,
M.C., Warr, M., 1993. A reconceptualization of general and specific deterrence. Journal of
Research in Crime and Delinquency, 30, 123-135] reconceptualization of deterrence theory.
Completing a comprehensive drug driving questionnaire were 899 members of the public,
university students, and individuals referred to a drug diversion program. Of note was that
approximately a fifth of participants reported drug driving in the past six months. Additionally,
the analysis indicated that punishment avoidance and vicarious punishment avoidance were
predictors of the propensity to drug drive in the future. In contrast, there were indications that
knowing of others apprehended for drug driving was not a sufficient deterrent. Sustained
testing and publicity of the legislation and countermeasure appears needed to increase the
deterrent impact for drug driving. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
Publication Type Journal: Article
Journal Name Accident; analysis and prevention
Volume 42
Issue Part 2
Page 452-458
Year of Publication2010
Date of Publication Mar 2010
PAIN ISSUES <529>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20465361
Status In-Process
Authors Candiotti KA. Gitlin MC.
Authors Full Name Candiotti, Keith A. Gitlin, Melvin C.
Institution
Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative Medicine and Pain Management, University of Miami Miller School of
Medicine, Miami, FL 33101-6370, USA. kcandiotti@miami.edu
Title
Review of the effect of opioid-related side effects on the undertreatment of moderate
to severe chronic non-cancer pain: tapentadol, a step toward a solution?
Source
Current Medical Research & Opinion. 26(7):1677-84, 2010 Jul.
Journal Name
Current Medical Research & Opinion
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Opioids are among the most effective and potent analgesics currently
available. Their utility in the management of pain associated with cancer, acute injury, or
surgery is well recognized. However, extending the application of opioids to the management
of chronic non-cancer pain has met with considerable resistance. This resistance is due in
part to concerns related to gastrointestinal and central nervous system-related adverse
events as well as issues pertaining to regulatory affairs, the development of tolerance,
incorrect drug usage, and addiction. This review focuses on the incidence of opioid-related
side effects and the patient and physician barriers to opioid therapy for chronic non-cancer
pain. Tapentadol, a centrally acting analgesic with two mechanisms of action, micro-opioid
agonism and norepinephrine reuptake inhibition, may be considered to be a partial solution to
some of these issues. METHODS: MEDLINE was searched for English-language articles
from 1950 to February 2010 using the terms chronic non-cancer pain and opioids together
and in combination with undertreatment, adherence, and compliance. RESULTS: The
majority of patients treated with traditional opioids experience gastrointestinal- or central
nervous system-related adverse events, most commonly constipation, nausea, and
somnolence. These side effects often lead to discontinuation of opioid therapy. Concerns
about side effects, analgesic tolerance, dependence, and addiction limit the use of opioids for
the management of chronic pain. Treatment with tapentadol appears to provide several
advantages of an analgesic with a more favorable side-effect profile than the classic microopioid receptor agonist oxycodone (especially related to gastrointestinal tolerability).
CONCLUSIONS: The pervasiveness of opioid-associated side effects and concerns related to
tolerance, dependence, and addiction present potential barriers to the approval and use of
opioids for the management of chronic non-cancer pain. The lower incidence of opioidassociated adverse events and possibly fewer withdrawal symptoms, combined with a
satisfactory analgesic profile associated with tapentadol, suggest its potential utility for the
management of chronic non-cancer pain. This review will focus on the incidence of opioidrelated side effects and barriers to opioid therapy that are available as English-language
articles in the MEDLINE index, and as such, it is a representative but not an exhaustive
review of the current literature.
Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Date of Publication 2010 Jul
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 7
Volume 26
Page 1677-84
PAIN ISSUES <530>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20429822
Status In-Process
Authors Duensing L. Eksterowicz N. Macario A. Brown M. Stern L. Ogbonnaya A.
Authors Full Name
Duensing, L. Eksterowicz, N. Macario, A. Brown, M. Stern, L. Ogbonnaya, A.
Institution
American Academy of Pain Management, Sonora, CA, USA.
Title
Patient and physician perceptions of treatment of moderate-to-severe chronic pain
with oral opioids.
Source
Current Medical Research & Opinion. 26(7):1579-85, 2010 Jul.
Journal Name
Current Medical Research & Opinion
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: To study physician and patient perceptions of moderate-to-severe chronic pain
and its management with oral opioids. METHODS: Two separate surveys were developed
and administered to one of two respective study groups: patients and physicians. All study
participants recruited from a pool of individuals who had previously agreed to participate in
market research. Survey questions addressed the impact of various factors (e.g., quality of
life indicators, potential for opioid addiction, side-effects) on pain management decision
making, patient satisfaction and compliance. Responses for the first 500 patients and 275
physicians to respond were assessed using descriptive statistics. RESULTS: On average,
patients were 53 years of age, white (89%), and female (71%). The majority of patients (80%)
had been taking oral opioids longer than 6 months. Physicians reported that 45% of their
patients received schedule II opioids, with 27% having severe chronic pain. Patients indicated
the most common activities interfered with by chronic pain were exercising (76% of patients),
working outside the home (67%), and job responsibilities (60%). When developing a
treatment approach physicians considered patients' sleeping (91%), walking (86%),
maintaining an independent lifestyle (84%), and job responsibilities (83%). Patients and
physicians both rated the ability to relieve pain and the duration of relief as the most important
factors when considering opioid therapy. The majority (63%) of patients reported experiencing
opioid side effects. When physicians discontinued opioids due to side effects, the most
frequent reason was nausea (78%) for immediate-release opioids, and constipation (64%) for
extended-release formulations. CONCLUSION: The ability to relieve pain and the duration of
that pain relief are the most important factors for both patients and physicians when selecting
an opioid. A high percentage of patients surveyed experienced side effects related to their
treatment, which may impact adherence and overall treatment effectiveness. Study results
should be assessed within study limitations including responder and selection biases,
physicians responded about their patients, who were not the same patients surveyed, and the
fact that the survey instruments were not formally validated. Further research is warranted to
address these limitations.
Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Date of Publication 2010 Jul
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 7
Volume 26
Page 1579-85
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <534>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20528657
Status In-Process
Authors Uchtenhagen AA.
Authors Full Name Uchtenhagen, Ambros A.
Institution
Research Institute for Public Health and Addiction, WHO Collaborating Centre for Substance Abuse, Zurich
University, Switzerland. uchtenhagen@isgf.uzh.ch <uchtenhagen@isgf.uzh.ch>
Title
Ethical perspectives in caring for people living with addictions: The European
experience.
Source
International Review of Psychiatry. 22(3):274-80, 2010.
Journal Name
International Review of Psychiatry
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
European policy and practice in caring for people living with addictions is based on defined
values (human rights, medical ethics) and on research evidence for the effects and impact of
interventions. The focus of the paper is on risk management approaches to reduce the
negative consequences of continued illicit drug use, being the ethically most debatable issue.
The legal and policy positions are set by the European Council and Commission, and their
translation into practice is documented centrally in the European Monitoring Centre on Drugs
and Drug Addiction, showing the general trends as well as national differences. The
European experience with the risk management approaches is presented in terms of research
evidence on their effects and side-effects; this evidence is justifying the present practice. The
perspectives for the future are set to follow the same lines, in a continued effort to find a
balance of interests, in cooperation of authorities and civil society, and guided by ongoing
research.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 3
Volume 22
Page 274-80
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <537>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20056521
Status In-Process
Authors Benton D.
Authors Full Name Benton, David.
Institution
Department of Psychology, University of Swansea, Swansea SA2 8PP, Wales,
d.benton@swansea.ac.uk
United
Title
The plausibility of sugar addiction and its role in obesity and eating disorders.
Source
Clinical Nutrition. 29(3):288-303, 2010 Jun.
Journal Name
Clinical Nutrition
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Kingdom.
BACKGROUND & AIMS: To consider the hypothesis that addiction to food, or more
specifically sucrose, plays a role in obesity and eating disorders. METHODS: By considering
the relevant literature a series of predictions were examined, derived from the hypothesis that
addiction to sucrose consumption can develop. Fasting should increase food cravings,
predominantly for sweet items; cravings should occur after an overnight fast; the obese
should find sweetness particularly attractive; a high-sugar consumption should predispose to
obesity. More specifically predictions based on the hypothesis that addiction to sugar is
central to bingeing disorders were developed. Dieting should predate the development of
bingeing; dietary style rather than psychological, social and economic factors should be
predispose to eating disorders; sweet items should be preferentially consumed while
bingeing; opioid antagonists should cause withdrawal symptoms; bingeing should develop at
a younger age when there is a greater preference for sweetness. RESULTS: The above
predications have in common that on no occasion was the behaviour predicted by an animal
model of sucrose addiction supported by human studies. CONCLUSION: There is no support
from the human literature for the hypothesis that sucrose may be physically addictive or that
addiction to sugar plays a role in eating disorders. Copyright 2009 Elsevier Ltd and European
Society for Clinical Nutrition and Metabolism. All rights reserved.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Jun
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 3
Volume 29
Page 288-303
HEALTH AND SOCIAL (INTERNET ADDICTION) <540>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20513862
Status In-Process
Authors Fu KW. Chan WS. Wong PW. Yip PS.
Authors Full Name Fu, King-wa. Chan, Wincy S C. Wong, Paul W C. Yip, Paul S F.
Institution
Journalism and Media Studies Centre, G24, Eliot Hall, Pokfulam Road,The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong,
China. kwfu@hku.hk
Title
Internet addiction: prevalence, discriminant validity and correlates among
adolescents in Hong Kong.
Source
British Journal of Psychiatry. 196(6):486-92, 2010 Jun.
Journal Name
British Journal of Psychiatry
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Despite increasing concern over the potential adverse effects of excessive
internet use, especially in young people, there is some debate over its definition, magnitude
and discriminant validity. AIMS: To examine the prevalence of adolescents' internet addiction
in Hong Kong, China; to test its differentiation from other correlates; and to examine its
relationships with correlates in a representative community sample of adolescents. METHOD:
A two-wave panel household survey with 208 adolescents (aged 15-19 years) was
conducted. Participants were asked to self-report their patterns of internet usage, symptoms
of internet addiction, suicidal ideation, psychiatric symptoms and psychosocial conditions
during the study period. RESULTS: The prevalence rate for having five or more symptoms of
internet addiction was estimated to be 6.7% (95% CI 3.3-10.2). The discriminatory
characteristic of internet addiction was marginally demonstrated. Positive dose-response
relationships were found between the number of symptoms of internet addiction and 1-year
changes in scores for suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms. CONCLUSIONS: Evidence
supports the specificity of internet addiction and its symptoms seem to co-occur with
individuals' suicidal ideation and depressive symptoms.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Jun
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 6
Volume 196
Page 486-92
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <558>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20432125
Status In-Process
Authors Levine SB.
Authors Full Name Levine, Stephen B.
Institution
Center for Marital and Sexual Health, Beachwood, Ohio 44122, USA. sbl2@case.edu
Title
What is sexual addiction?
Comments
Comment in: J Sex Marital Ther. 2010 May;36(3):276-81; PMID: 20432126
Source
Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 36(3):261-75, 2010 May.
Journal Name
Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Married men labeled as sexual addicts seek help after being discovered to have had broken
monogamy rules for sexual behavior through their use of masturbation, pornography,
cybersex, commercial sex involvement, paraphilic pursuits, or affairs. This study analyzed the
sexual patterns and dynamics of 30 men who presented to 1 clinician between 2005 and
2009. Their important differences were captured by a 6-category spectrum: (a) no sexual
excess beyond breaking the spouse's restrictive rules (n = 2), (b) discovery of husband's
longstanding sexual secrets (n = 5), (c) new discovery of the joys of commercial sex (n = 4),
(d) the bizarre or paraphilic (n = 7), (e) alternate concept of normal masculinity (n = 5), and (f)
spiraling psychological deterioration (n = 7). Only the men with a spiraling psychological
deterioration-about 25% of the sample with sexual issues-could reasonably be described as
having a sexual addiction. This group experienced significant psychological failures before the
onset of their deterioration. Another 25% were adequately defined as paraphilic. Half of the
sample was not adequately described using addiction, compulsivity, impulsivity, and
relationship incapacity models. The authors discuss the implications of these findings for
DSM-5 and treatment.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 May
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 3
Volume 36
Page 261-75
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <559>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20432124
Status In-Process
Authors Hook JN. Hook JP. Davis DE. Worthington EL Jr. Penberthy JK.
Authors Full Name Hook, Joshua N. Hook, Jan P. Davis, Don E. Worthington, Everett L Jr. Penberthy, J Kim.
Institution
Department of Psychology, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia 23284, USA.
Title
Measuring sexual addiction and compulsivity: a critical review of instruments.
Source
Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy. 36(3):227-60, 2010 May.
Journal Name
Journal of Sex & Marital Therapy
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Research has proliferated on sexual addiction in recent years, and this has led to an
increase in the instruments created to measure this construct. The authors review 17
instruments that have been created to assess sexual addiction, including self-report rating
scales, self-report checklists, and clinician rating scales measuring symptoms of sexual
addiction, as well as self-report rating scales measuring consequences associated with
sexual addiction. For each instrument, the authors describe its structure, conceptual basis,
and samples studied. They also evaluate the evidence for the reliability and validity of each
instrument. The instruments vary widely in their psychometric properties. Many have been
created recently, and others have only been studied in specific populations. For each group of
instruments, the authors make recommendations for researchers and clinicians.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 May
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 3
Volume 36
Page 227-60
HEALTH AND SOCIAL (INTERNET ADDICTION) <560>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20403001
Status In-Process
Authors Tao R. Huang X. Wang J. Zhang H. Zhang Y. Li M.
Authors Full Name Tao, Ran. Huang, Xiuqin. Wang, Jinan. Zhang, Huimin. Zhang, Ying. Li, Mengchen.
Institution
Addiction Medicine Centre, General Hospital of Beijing Military Region, Beijing 100700, China. bjptaoran@126.com
Title
Proposed diagnostic criteria for internet addiction.
Comments
Comment in: Addiction. 2010 Mar;105(3):565; PMID: 20403002
Source
Addiction. 105(3):556-64, 2010 Mar.
Journal Name
Addiction
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to develop diagnostic criteria for internet
addiction disorder (IAD) and to evaluate the validity of our proposed diagnostic criteria for
discriminating non-dependent from dependent internet use in the general population.
METHODS: This study was conducted in three stages: the developmental stage (110
subjects in the survey group; 408 subjects in the training group), where items of the proposed
diagnostic criteria were developed and tested; the validation stage (n = 405), where the
proposed criteria were evaluated for criterion-related validity; and the clinical stage (n = 150),
where the criteria and the global clinical impression of IAD were evaluated by more than one
psychiatrist to determine inter-rater reliability. RESULTS: The proposed internet addiction
diagnostic criteria consisted of symptom criterion (seven clinical symptoms of IAD), clinically
significant impairment criterion (functional and psychosocial impairments), course criterion
(duration of addiction lasting at least 3 months, with at least 6 hours of non-essential internet
usage per day) and exclusion criterion (exclusion of dependency attributed to psychotic
disorders). A diagnostic score of 2 + 1, where the first two symptoms (preoccupation and
withdrawal symptoms) and at least one of the five other symptoms (tolerance, lack of control,
continued excessive use despite knowledge of negative effects/affects, loss of interests
excluding internet, and use of the internet to escape or relieve a dysphoric mood) was
established. Inter-rater reliability was 98%. CONCLUSION: Our findings suggest that the
proposed diagnostic criteria may be useful for the standardization of diagnostic criteria for
IAD.
Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Date of Publication 2010 Mar
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 3
Volume 105
Page 556-64
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <564>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20407974
Status In-Process
Authors Lambert B. Scheiner M. Campbell D.
Authors Full Name Lambert, Binta. Scheiner, Melissa. Campbell, Deborah.
Institution
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.
Title
Ethical issues and addiction.
Source
Journal of Addictive Diseases. 29(2):164-74, 2010 Apr.
Journal Name
Journal of Addictive Diseases
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
The epidemic of substance abuse continues to pose a significant challenge to clinicians
nationwide. Although there is a tendency to simply associate drug abuse with poverty, the
problem affects every social stratum gender and race; and pregnant women are no exception.
Caring for pregnant, substance-using women and their infants presents complex legal and
ethical issues. Debate is ongoing about whether criminal penalties should be imposed on
women based solely on their use of alcohol and other drugs during pregnancy. Furthermore,
controversies persist about the rights and wishes of pregnant women versus the interests of
their fetuses. For health professionals, conflict arises when the pregnant woman chooses
behaviors that have the potential to harm the developing fetus. The ethical dilemma arises
from competing autonomy-based and beneficence-based obligations to the maternal-fetal
dyad. This chapter explores the ethics-based conflicts in the delivery of health care to drug
abusing pregnant women.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Apr
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 2
Volume 29
Page 164-74
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <565>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20407973
Status In-Process
Authors Kay A. Taylor TE. Barthwell AG. Wichelecki J. Leopold V.
Authors Full Name Kay, Abigail. Taylor, Trusandra E. Barthwell, Andrea G. Wichelecki, Jana. Leopold, Vera.
Institution
Department of Psychiatry and Human Behavior-Division of Substance Abuse, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital,
Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Title
Substance use and women's health.
Source
Journal of Addictive Diseases. 29(2):139-63, 2010 Apr.
Journal Name
Journal of Addictive Diseases
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Scientific findings show that substance abuse in women yields a higher risk of a variety of
health problems than substance abuse in men. Research suggests that women experience
addiction telescoping when they abuse alcohol, tobacco, specific stimulants, and possibly
opioids. Medical side effects also develop more rapidly in women than men when they abuse
many substances. Cancer and cardiac complications, specifically, pose a significant threat for
women who abuse almost all types of substances. However, the physical consequences are
not the only ones women suffer when they engage in substance abuse. Research on
substance abuse in women ties opioids to mood and anxiety disorders, heroin to neurological
deficiencies, cocaine to immune system suppression, and alcohol to intimate partner abuse.
Additionally, female substance abusers, on average, have a lower level of education and
lower rates of employment. In light of these gender-specific concerns, physicians should give
particular consideration to detecting substance abuse in women.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Apr
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 2
Volume 29
Page 139-63
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <566>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20407972
Status In-Process
Authors Tuchman E.
Authors Full Name Tuchman, Ellen.
Institution
Silver School of Social Work, New York University, New York, New York 10003, USA. ellen.tuchman@nyu.edu
Title
Women and addiction: the importance of gender issues in substance abuse research.
Source
Journal of Addictive Diseases. 29(2):127-38, 2010 Apr.
Journal Name
Journal of Addictive Diseases
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Substance use was considered to be primarily a male problem, and many substance abuse
studies are conducted with a predominance of male participants. However, recent substance
abuse research indicates significant gender differences in the substance-related
epidemiology, social factors and characteristics, biological responses, progressions to
dependence, medical consequences, co-occurring psychiatric disorders, and barriers to
treatment entry, retention, and completion. The epidemiology of women's drug use presents
challenges separate from those raised by men's drug use. A convergence of evidence
suggests that women with substance use disorders are more likely than men to face multiple
barriers affecting access and entry to substance abuse treatment. Gender-specific medical
problems as a result of the interplay of gender-specific drug use patterns and sex-related risk
behaviors create an environment in which women are more vulnerable than men to human
immunodeficiency virus. Individual characteristics and treatment approaches can differentially
affect outcomes by gender. All of these differences have important clinical, treatment, and
research implications.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Apr
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 2
Volume 29
Page 127-38
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <567>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20407971
Status In-Process
Authors Kandall SR.
Authors Full Name Kandall, Stephen R.
Institution
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. sk1840@aol.com
Title
Women and drug addiction: a historical perspective.
Source
Journal of Addictive Diseases. 29(2):117-26, 2010 Apr.
Journal Name
Journal of Addictive Diseases
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
The history of women and addiction in America extends back more than 150 years. Although
the true epidemiology of women and addiction has always been difficult to determine, the
spectrum of female addicts extends well beyond those women who make sensationalistic
headlines by "abandoning" or "battering" their children. Historically, female addiction has been
largely the result of inappropriate overmedication practices by physicians and pharmacists,
media manipulation, or individuals own attempts to cope with social or occupational barriers
preventing equality and self-fulfillment. From the mid-nineteenth century, uneasy tolerance,
social ostracism, vilification, persecution, and legal prosecution have grudgingly, but not
completely, given way to more humane treatment opportunities in the setting of more
enlightened comprehensive care.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Apr
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 2
Volume 29
Page 117-26
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <579>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20187928
Status In-Process
Authors Macleod J. Copeland L. Hickman M. McKenzie J. Kimber J. De Angelis D. Robertson JR.
Authors Full Name Macleod, John. Copeland, Lorraine. Hickman, Matthew. McKenzie, James. Kimber, Jo. De
Angelis, Daniela. Robertson, James R.
Institution
Muirhouse Medical Group, 1 Muirhouse Avenue, Edinburgh EH44PL, UK.
Title
The Edinburgh Addiction Cohort: recruitment and follow-up of a primary care based
sample of injection drug users and non drug-injecting controls.
Source
BMC Public Health. 10:101, 2010.
Journal Name
BMC Public Health
Other ID
Source: NLM. PMC2841670
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Injection drug use is an important public health problem. Epidemiological
understanding of this problem is incomplete as longitudinal studies in the general population
are difficult to undertake. In particular little is known about early life risk factors for later drug
injection or about the life course of injection once established including the influence of
medical and social interventions. METHODS: Individuals thought to be drug injectors were
identified through a single primary medical care facility in Edinburgh between 1980 and 2006
and flagged with the General Registry Office. From October 2005 - October 2007, these
cases were traced and invited to undergo interview assessment covering early life
experience, substance use, health and social histories. Age and sex matched controls for
confirmed cases (alive and dead) were later recruited through the same health facility.
Controls for living cases completed the same structured interview schedule. Data were also
collected on cases and controls through linkage to routine primary care records, death
registrations, hospital contact statistics and police and prison records. All interviews were
conducted with the knowledge and permission of the current GP. RESULTS: The initial cohort
size was 814. At start of follow up 227 had died. Of the remaining 587: 20 had no contact
details and 5 had embarked from the UK; 40 declined participation; 38 did not respond to
invitations; 14 were excluded by their GP on health or social grounds and 22 had their contact
details withheld by administrative authorities. 448 were interviewed of whom 16 denied
injection and were excluded. Of 191 dead cases with medical records 4 were excluded as
their records contained no evidence of injection. 5 interviewed cases died before follow up
was concluded though these individuals were counted as "live" cases. 1 control per case
(dead and alive) was recruited. Linkage to Scottish Morbidity Records data (available from
1981 onwards) on general acute inpatient and day cases, mental health inpatient and day
cases and cancer was provided by Information Services, NHS Scotland, for all cases
interviewed and all dead cases. The Scottish Prison Service provided records for 198 (46%)
of cases interviewed, 48 cases not interviewed and 34 (18%) of dead cases. For a subsample of 100 interviewees a search of the Lothian and Borders police database was made
for official criminal records and 94 had criminal records. Data linkage for controls is ongoing.
CONCLUSIONS: Injecting drug users recruited from a community setting can be successfully
followed-up through interviews and record linkage. Information from injecting cases is being
analysed in terms of injecting patterns and possible influences on these. Comparisons
between cases and controls will allow identification of possibly modifiable early life risk factors
for drug injection and will also clarify the burden of disease associated with injection and the
influence on this of different health and social interventions.
Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Date of Publication 2010
Year of Publication 2010
Volume 10
Page 101
ALCOHOL <580>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 19929269
Status In-Process
Authors Balldin J. Berggren U. Berglund K. Blennow K. Fahlke C. Zetterberg H.
Authors Full Name Balldin, Jan. Berggren, Ulf. Berglund, Kristina. Blennow, Kaj. Fahlke, Claudia. Zetterberg,
Henrik.
Institution
Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Section of Psychiatry, Sahlgrenska Academy at Goteborg University Sweden,
Goteborg, Sweden.
Title
Gamma-glutamyltransferase in alcohol use disorders: Modification of decision limits
in relation to treatment goals?
Source
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation. 70(2):71-4, 2010 Apr.
Journal Name
Scandinavian Journal of Clinical & Laboratory Investigation
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase (GGT) is recommended as a marker for alcohol use
disorders by the Swedish National Guidelines for Addiction, although it has a low sensitivity
and specificity. GGT is inexpensive and easily accessible but additional knowledge is required
on how to use the marker in patients with various levels of alcohol intake. Levels of GGT were
obtained from 37 male social drinkers (< 100 grams pure alcohol weekly) and 18 former
alcohol-dependent males with long-term (6 +/- 5 years) abstinence. Reproducibility was
calculated through repeated blood samplings. Mean serum activity of GGT, in former alcoholdependent males, was 0.26 microkat/L with an intra-class correlation coefficient of 0.85. In
social drinkers, these figures were 0.34 microkat/L and 0.92, respectively. In treatment of
males, with the goal of abstinence, upper reference limit is suggested to be 0.40 microkat/L.
Goals of non-harmful drinking (< 100 grams weekly) suggest higher limits (0.62 microkat/L).
Thirty percent increase of GGT should be suggestive of relapse.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Apr
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 2
Volume 70
Page 71-4
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <581>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20181248
Status In-Process
Authors Grinman MN. Chiu S. Redelmeier DA. Levinson W. Kiss A. Tolomiczenko G. Cowan L. Hwang SW.
Authors Full Name
Grinman, Michelle N. Chiu, Shirley. Redelmeier, Donald A. Levinson, Wendy. Kiss, Alex. Tolomiczenko, George.
Cowan, Laura. Hwang, Stephen W.
Institution
Centre for Research on Inner City Health, The Keenan Research Centre in the Li Ka Shing Knowledge Institute of
St, Michael's Hospital, Toronto, Canada. michelle.grinman@utoronto.ca
Title
Drug problems among homeless individuals in Toronto, Canada: prevalence, drugs of
choice, and relation to health status.
Source
BMC Public Health. 10:94, 2010.
Journal Name
BMC Public Health
Other ID
Source: NLM. PMC2841106
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
BACKGROUND: Drug use is believed to be an important factor contributing to the poor
health and increased mortality risk that has been widely observed among homeless
individuals. The objective of this study was to determine the prevalence and characteristics of
drug use among a representative sample of homeless individuals and to examine the
association between drug problems and physical and mental health status. METHODS:
Recruitment of 603 single men, 304 single women, and 284 adults with dependent children
occurred at homeless shelters and meal programs in Toronto, Canada. Information was
collected on demographic characteristics and patterns of drug use. The Addiction Severity
Index was used to assess whether participants suffered from drug problems. Associations of
drug problems with physical and mental health status (measured by the SF-12 scale) were
examined using regression analyses. RESULTS: Forty percent of the study sample had drug
problems in the last 30 days. These individuals were more likely to be single men and less
educated than those without drug problems. They were also more likely to have become
homeless at a younger age (mean 24.8 vs. 30.9 years) and for a longer duration (mean 4.8
vs. 2.9 years). Marijuana and cocaine were the most frequently used drugs in the past two
years (40% and 27%, respectively). Drug problems within the last 30 days were associated
with significantly poorer mental health status (-4.9 points, 95% CI -6.5 to -3.2) but not with
poorer physical health status (-0.03 points, 95% CI -1.3 to 1.3)). CONCLUSIONS: Drug use is
common among homeless individuals in Toronto. Current drug problems are associated with
poorer mental health status but not with poorer physical health status.
Publication Type Journal Article. Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural. Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't.
Date of Publication 2010
Year of Publication 2010
Volume 10
Page 94
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <583>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20181128
Status In-Data-Review
Authors Strike C. Buchman DZ. Callaghan RC. Wender C. Anstice S. Lester B. Scrivo N. Luce J. Millson M.
Authors Full Name Strike, Carol. Buchman, Daniel Z. Callaghan, Russell C. Wender, Cass. Anstice, Susan.
Lester, Brian. Scrivo, Nick. Luce, Janine. Millson, Margaret.
Institution
Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, Ontario Canada. carol_strike@camh.net.
Title
Giving away used injection equipment: missed prevention message?
Source
Harm Reduction Journal. 7(1):2, 2010.
Journal Name
Harm Reduction Journal
Other ID
Source: NLM. PMC2832637
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
ABSTRACT: BACKGROUND: Our objective was to examine factors associated with
distributive injection equipment sharing and how needle exchange programs (NEPs) can help
reduce distributive sharing among injection drug users (IDUs). METHODS: 145 English
speaking Canadian IDUs ages 16 years and over who had injected in the past 30 days were
recruited for a cross-sectional survey. Participants were asked about their socio-demographic
characteristics, HIV risk behaviours, social support, drug treatment readiness, program
satisfaction, health and social service use and NEP drug use. Bivariate statistics and logistic
regression were used to characterize the population and examine correlates of sharing
behaviour. RESULTS: More IDUs reported distributive sharing of cookers (45%) than needles
(36%) or other types of equipment (water 36%; filters 29%; swabs 8%). Regression analyses
revealed the following factors associated with distributing used cookers: a history of
cocaine/crack injection, an Addiction Severity Index (ASI) score indicative of a mental health
problem, and older than 30 years of age. Factors associated with giving away used water
included: male, injected methadone, injected other stimulants and moved 3+ times in the past
6 months. Factors associated with giving away used filters included: injected cocaine/crack or
stayed overnight on the street or other public place. Factors associated with giving away
swabs included: an ASI mental health score indicative of a mental health problem, and HCV
negative status. CONCLUSIONS: Our findings show that more IDUs give away cookers than
needles or other injection equipment. While the results showed that correlates of sharing
differed by piece of equipment, each point to distributive sharing by the most marginalized
IDUs. Targeting prevention efforts to reduce equipment sharing in general, and cookers in
particular is warranted to reduce use of contaminated equipment and viral transmission.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part1 Volume 7
Page 2
HEALTH AND SOCIAL <585>
Database Ovid MEDLINE(R) In-Process & Other Non-Indexed Citations and Ovid MEDLINE(R)
Unique Identifier 20047498
Status In-Process
Authors Khalily MT.
Authors Full Name Khalily, Muhammad Tahir.
Institution
Psychology Department and Addiction Treatment Unit, Mental Health Services, Roscommon, Ireland.
khalily64@yahoo.com
Title
Developing a coordinated response to drug abuse in Pakistan.
Source
Journal of Interprofessional Care. 24(2):168-72, 2010 Mar.
Journal Name
Journal of Interprofessional Care
Country of Publication
England
Abstract
This paper describes moves towards the coordination of efforts to respond to the worsening
drug abuse situation in Pakistan which affects all segments of society. The efforts reported
seek to rectify inconsistencies in treatment policy resulting in unsatisfactory outcomes.
Examples of collaborative strategies with encouraging results need further underpinning and
expansion. There is, however, a lack of realization at the policy level of the need to effect
changes in treatment formulated on a consistent and evidence-based approach. Policy has
therefore been reviewed and proposals made for a comprehensive treatment strategy in line
with international best practices to deal with this problem effectively and efficiently.
Establishment of an addiction study centre at university level to continue professional and
academic development is suggested.
Publication Type Journal Article.
Date of Publication 2010 Mar
Year of Publication 2010
Issue/Part 2
Volume 24
Page 168-72