PROCEEDINGS
XXVII Annual Group Meeting of
AICRP- National Seed Project (Crops)
(14 -16 April, 2012)
&
Technical Programme
(2012-13)
held at
Anand Agricultural University, Anand
DIRECTORATE OF SEED RESEARCH
(Indian Council of Agricultural Research)
Mau 275 101 (UP), INDIA
1
CONTENTS
Session
Particulars
I
Inaugural Session
II
Discipline –wise Presentation of Progress Report
IV
Inter – Project Linkage – Crop Improvement
(Review & Suggestions for Quality Seed Research)
Important issues in Seed Research
V
Review of Breeder Seed Production and Policy Issues
VI
Finalization of Recommendations/ Technical
Programme Formulation For 2012-13
III
a. Seed Production and Certification
b. Seed Physiology, Storage and Testing
c. Seed Pathology
d. Seed Entomology
e. Seed Processing
VII
Seed Stakeholders-Scientists Interaction
VIII
Session on Annual Oilseed Scheme
Plenary Session
Monitoring Teams
Programme
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Page No.
Session I
Inaugural Session
Date: 14.04.2012
Time: 9.30 A.M
President
:
Dr. A.M. Shekh,
Chief guest
:
Vice Chancellor, AAU, Anand
Dr. S.A.Patil, Chairman,
Karnataka Krishi Mission,
Commissionarate of Agriculture, Bengaluru
The inaugural session of the 27th Annual Group meeting of the NSP (Crops) was
held in the auditorium of B.A.College of Agriculture, AAU, Anand. It started with the
invocation and lighting of lamp on 14th April, 2012 by the dignitaries.
Dr. K. B. Kathiria, Director Research, AAU, Anand welcomed all the delegates.
Dr. S.Rajendra Prasad, Project Director, DSR, Mau presented briefly the achievements of
this project. He congratulated the AAU, Anand for contributing significantly in achieving
high agricultural growth rate for the State of Gujarat. He indicated that higher production
of quality seeds has contributed a lot in achieving the country’s bumper production of
250.44 Million Tons. Since inception of this project in 1979-80 till date there has been an
enormous increase in the production of breeder seed i.e. from 3914 quintals to 115695
quintals. He also highlighted generation of about 4880.23 lakh rupees in revolving fund
and strengthened the breeder seed units by creating infrastructure by various centres from
seed money of Rs.338.65 lakhs as initial investment by ICAR which has already refunded
by the centres. Among the other significant achievements and strengthening of breeder
seed production units by creating infrastructure and in STR, he mentioned the
characterization of 24 varieties of Guar, 10 varieties of Moth Bean, 19 varieties of
Cowpea, 57 varieties of horsegram and 8 varieties of Kodo millet and use of inclined belt
conveyer for processing of soybean seeds to minimize seed damage.
Dr. J.S.Sandhu, ADG (Seeds) in his keynote address made a mention about that
the record harvest of food grain crops during last three consecutive years which is mainly
due to increased availability of the most important input of quality seeds. With more than
1300 varieties in the seed chain of different crops and appreciable conversion rate
resulted enhancement in the seed replacement rate, which ultimately resulted in record
grain production. He emphasized on increase in varietal replacement rate in favour of
newly released varieties of wheat to the extant of 58% and rice to the extant of 41%. It
was stated that during the 11th Plan, 660 crop varieties have been developed and DAC &
ICAR should work together to bring these newly developed varieties in the seed chain.
Use of biotechnological tool for determination of seed purity and varietal identification
was emphasized in favour of 12th plan support for such centres involved with these
works. It was also emphasized that even now the farmers’ self saved seeds are used to the
extent of 70% of the total seeds and hence intervention to improve the quality of such
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seed needs special care. He stressed upon capacity building in terms of human resource
and infrastructure development in the 12th plan.
Two publications were released in this occasion and six retiring scientists were
felicitated during the function.
Dr. S.A.Patil, Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission, Govt. of Karnataka in his
address congratulated the PD, DSR and ADG (Seeds) for significant achievements of the
seed project contributing towards achieving record food grain production in the country.
He also mentioned the contribution of the private seed companies in this endeavor. He
emphasized on importance of upgrading the poor performing centres through additional
support, if they require. Suggested for exposure of seed researchers to advanced
laboratories of advanced countries. Dr. Patil opined that the scientific jobs on Seed
Technology need to be appropriately awarded to attract human resource development.
Finally, he suggested to make a provision in the Universities to provide dual degree of
Plant Breeding and Seed Technology for development of human resources.
Dr. A.M.Shekh in his presidential address expressed happiness in getting a chance
to host this 27th Annual Group Meeting of seeds. He emphasized the role of seed
technology in the context of Food Security Bill of the country. He also indicated that
Seed being the custodian of the potentiality of a crop variety and also carrier of pathogens
etc., this group has the highest responsibility to arrest pathogen spread as well as
promoting spread of the varieties. He expressed concern about increasing SRR in ground
nut and thereby increasing the production potential of this crop.
The meeting ended with vote of thanks by Dr. R.N.Pandey, Nodal Officer (STRNSP), AAU, Anand.
.
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Session-II
Discipline –wise Presentation of Progress Report
Date: 14.04.2012
Time: 11.15 A.M.
Chairman
:
Co-chairman
:
Rapporteurs
:
:
Dr. S. A. Patil
Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission
Dr. J. S. Sandhu
Assistant Director General (Seeds),
ICAR, New Delhi
Dr. M. S. Bhale
Associate Professor, JNKVV, Jabalpur
Sh. Somasundaram, G.
Scientist, DSR, Mau
The progress report of five disciplines was presented by the respective Principal
Investigators and the details are as follows.
Seed Production & Certification
The progress, constraints and possible improvement were discussed by Dr. Vilas
A. Tonapi, PI, Seed Production and Certification. In all, results of 9 research experiments
were compiled and presented.
1. For chickpea, soybean, mustard and lentil, the relationship of ODVs identified in
STL samples with genetic impurities in GOT was studied. The correctness of
identification and relatedness with genetic purity between GOT & ODV in STL
ranged between 80-100%.
2. The effect of micronutrient management on quality seed production was studied
in eight crops at 6 centers. Promising positive impact in enhancing the plant
growth, seed yield and seed quality is reported using ZnSO4, FeSO4, Gypsum,
TIBA, Sulphur and Sodium molybdate.
3. New alternative areas for hybrid rice, sunflower, sorghum, pearl millet and hybrid
Pigeon pea, have been identified in pilot project studies.
4. Differential positive influence of Furrow In Between Rows (FIRB) bed technique
for seed production in 4 major crops was observed in a pilot project. Better crop
plant growth, yield and ease of operations have been experienced, especially in
soybean and groundnut.
5. Cutting management for seed yield and its seed quality in grass Cenchrus ciliaris
was studied at Jodhpur.
6. The supremacy of SRI method of rice, as compared to conventional rice
cultivation was reported.
7. The optimization of production technology of hybrid rice during off season (Rabi
2010-11) indicated that during the initial panicle development, the flowering of A
lines were about a week later than R line and A line, flowered after 114 days after
sowing towards the end of April 2011, at Bhubaneswar. Partial synchronization
was recorded even after spray of 2% urea and increase in temperature 36-38 °C
resulted in no seed set.
5
8. The seed yield and seed quality parameters of sweet corn were significantly
influenced due to spacing, irrespective of planting methods and fertilizer
application. The spacing of 60x20 cm and NPK dose of 150: 75: 45 and ridge
planting resulted in higher seed yield with better quality.
During the discussion on the above results, the following points were emerged.
Dr. Bhaskaran, Special Officer (Seeds), TNAU, Coimbatore emphasized the need
of training to the STL personnel for ODV identification.
Dr. Bhupen Dubey, Head, UPL Group, Mumbai appreciated the studies on the
diversification of locations and identification of alternative areas for seed production and
showed willingness to go for joint venture with public sector.
Dr. R. K. Chowdhury, Ex-Project Coordinator, AICRP-NSP (Crops) suggested to
take up large scale demonstrations for SRI method for rice cultivation. He also suggested
for identifying some alterative areas for seed production of rice and pearl millet.
Dr. J. S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, stressed to submit the data after proper
statistical analysis in the prescribed data sheet. He also emphasized to take-up micro
nutrient studies only in places which are deficient for a particular nutrients.
Dr. S. A. Patil, Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission suggested to takeup seed
research in vegetable and fodder crops also and to analyze micronutrient utilization status
in soil after crop has been harvested. Further, he implied to conduct participatory research
either progressive farmer (or) private companies wherever labour shortage is there.
Chairman also suggested drafting guidelines on Public Private Partnership (PPP)
involving ADG (Seeds), Project Director, DSR, Mau, ICAR Institutes / SAUs and some
private sector and submitting to council.
Seed Physiology, Storage and Testing
The results of 6 experiments were presented by Principal Investigator, Dr. S.N.
Sharma in a very systematic manner. The results are as follows
1. Seed vigour testing experiments in 3 crops at 7-8 centres each were undertaken.
Higher correlation was noticed in germination and field studies with accelerated
ageing.
2. Enhancement of seed quality and germination of hybrid rice, maize and cotton
was recorded due to polymer coating in addition to fungicide Vitavax 200 (that
contain carboxin plus thiram) stored in HDPE bags. Higher germination and less
fungal infection were observed in all the crops.
3. Molecular markers for identification of hybrids and parents were screened. SSR
primers polymorphic and specific to hybrids and parents in sunflower, cotton, rice
were identified.
4. A number of hybrid and varieties of rice were identified having dormancy at
different locations.
5. The hydro-priming technique has been found to enhance the seed yield by 8-15%
in soybean across the locations and it was demonstrated to the farmers.
6
6. Induction of dormancy in green gram was attempted by spray of 1000 and 1250
ppm Maleic Hydraside and it induced dormancy up to 15 days.
The following points emerged during discussion:
To identify the studies on storage technologies especially with the seeds attacked
by fungi and insect.
Dr. J. S. Sandhu recommended taking up studies on targeted dormancy period,
rather than broad spectrum investigation.
To provide single seed treatment technology which is more applicable to the
farmers.
Seed Pathology
A comprehensive account of observation of different investigations related with
seed borne diseases was presented by Dr. Karuna Vishunavat, Principal Investigator of
Seed Pathology.
1. The monitoring of rice bunt, false smut and bacterial leaf blight pathogen in rice
with seeds from farmers, processing units indicated the variable distribution and
incidence across the locations. Highest samples of rice bunt disease (85.02%) was
recorded from PAU, Ludhiana. Jorhat, Rahuri, Parbhani, Coimbatore and Srinagar
were found free from paddy bunt.
2. While studying the status of seed mycoflora with farmers saved seed, it was
observed that the spectrum was almost similar, as observed during several years.
However, 50% seed samples in wheat yielded Karnal bunt at Palampur while in
Pantnagar, 5.5% seed samples from Seed Corporation had fungal association.
3. Significant increase in seed germination (12.20%), seedling vigour index
(19.46%), field emergence (14.61%), and seed yield (15.90%) was recorded with
the seed treatment with bioagents (Trichoderma harzianum @ 6g/kg) in sesame
seeds.
4. Standard Blotter method with ISTA protocols was found suitable for the detection
of Dreshslera oryzae (Paddy), Macrophomina phaseolina and Fusarium
oxysporum (sesame, mung and urd bean seeds), Colletotrichum dematium (mung
and urd seeds). The method was also suitable for detection of Alternaria helianthi,
Alternaria solani, Alternaria porri with seed of Sunflower, Tomato and Onion.
Kings B medium was suitable for the detection of seed borne bacteria
Pseudomonas Syringae pv. glycinea. Deep freeze blotter method was most suited
for the detection of Fusarium oxysporum associated with sorghum seeds.
Standard Agar plate was suitable for detection Trichoconis padwicki associated
with rice seeds.
The results of the Seed Pathology were discussed and Dr. Patil suggested to focus
on the identification of location with less disease incidence while Dr. Sandhu suggested
7
to develop specific protocols for detection of seed associated pathogens. Dr. Bhaskaran
enquired about the status of protocols adopted for imported seed lots. He also suggested
to forward the results to the Department of Agriculture for approval. Dr. Rajendra Prasad
urged to work out the detailed technologies for onward transmission to farmers. Dr. Patil
also suggested to work on the development of precise seed standards in different crops.
Seed Entomology
The result of eight experiments related with Seed Entomology was presented by
Dr. Amit Bera, Principal Investigator, Seed Entomology and highlights are as follows:
1. Against major storage insect damaging cereal and pulse seeds, several new
molecules were evaluated with standard chemical Deltametmin. All newer
insecticides especially Emamectin Benzoate 5 SG@ 40gm/kg seed; Spinosad 45
SC @ 4.4 mg/ kg seed were found effective in controlling insects without
impairing seed viability.
2. The best inert dust diatomaceous earth in combination with desiccant (MgSO4) @
5 g/ kg was identified in protecting wheat, rice, sorghum, pearl millet from
storage insect without impairing seed germination.
3. Supremacy of bee pollination was re-confirmed for seed production in hybrid
sunflower, sesame and mustard.
4. Complete protection against Rhizopertha in wheat up to 9 months, Sitotroga in
rice up to 6 months and Callasobruchus in green gram up to 12 months was
achieved with seeds stored in the environment of 50% CO2 treatment.
5. Fabric treatment with various insecticides like Emamectin Benzoate, Spinosad
and Deltamethrin @ 100 ppm effectively reduced cross infestation with effective
protection up to 6 months.
During discussion, Dr. Patil suggested to use eco-friendly insecticides or materials
like neem oil and the revalidated ITKs being adopted by local farmers to protect the seed
crop and material. Dr. R.K. Chowdhury added that vaccum packaging can also be
adopted while Dr. Tonapi advocated the use of CO2 infusion in bags/container.
Seed Processing
The result of seed processing experiments was presented by Dr. R.T. Kausal, Principal
Investigator, Seed Processing. In all, five experiments were conducted in different crops
and the results are as follows.
1. Optimum sieve size and type of grading screen for grading seed of different crop
varieties and hybrids was investigated and it is reported that the present size &
grades are unsuitable for new varieties. Modified sieve size for coarse and fine
rice, sunflower, ragi, wheat and chickpea were proposed.
8
2. The soybean seed processed at 12-14% moisture content showed minimum
mechanical damage.
3. As compared to vertical bucket elevator, the use of inclined belt conveyor is
recommended in soybean, chickpea and sunflower that resulted in least
mechanical damage.
Improvement in infrastructure facilities in processing plants, human resource
management, capacity building and modernization in processing plants is suggested
based upon the survey conducted in different centres. Needle separators are found better
in separation of insect infested seeds in Bt. cotton. At the end, all the Principal
Investigators urged the centres to submit the data sheet in proper format and in time with
utmost care.
Dr.S.A.Patil expressed that specialized experiments should be framed and
suggested not to allot all the experiments to all the centres. He further suggested to
develop crop wise seed business statistics.
Dr. J. S. Sandhu expressed that statistically analyzed data should be submitted by
the centres for fruitful evaluation of results and region specific problems must also find
place in the technical programme.
The session was ended with the vote of thanks by Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project
Director, DSR, Mau.
9
Session-III
Inter – Project Linkage – Crop Improvement
(Review & Suggestions for Quality Seed Research)
Date: 14.04.2012
Time: 03.15 P.M.
Chairman
:
Co-chairman
Rapporteurs
:
:
:
Dr. R. K. Chowdhury, Ex-Coordinator, AICRP-NSP
(Crops) & Member RAC, DSR, Mau
Dr. K. P. Patel, Dean (Agriculture), AAU, Anand
Dr. Rakesh Seth, Sr. Scientist, IARI RS, Karnal
Dr. T.N. Tiwari, Sr. Scientist, DSR, Mau
Rapporteurs Report:
There were total three presentations in this session viz., (i) Pulses (ii) Wheat and
(iii) Castor and Sunflower.
Chairman Dr. R.K. Chowdhury gave brief background of Inter-Project Linkage
session which introduced 15 years back to have closer interaction between NSP and the
custodians of crops to suggest some very specific recommendations for seed research and
explore the possibility of collaborative research with NSP.
Pulse: Dr. N. Nadarajan, Director, IIPR, Kanpur had remarked that with 23 %
increase in production and 12 % increase in area in 2011-12, India is very near self
sufficiency in pulses. With 17.8 MT pulse production this year as against average annual
pulse production of 15MT, India has reduced import of pulses significantly during 201112.
Dr. Nadarajan indicated that though the breeder seed production of pulses has
been doubled in last five years, but varietal mismatch and researchable issues needs to be
addressed. He suggested some researchable issues. To overcome varietal mismatch, it
was suggested for (i) critical scrutiny of BSP indents by crop coordinators (ii)
denotification of old varieties (iii) replacement of old varieties with new ones (iv) and
more emphasis on CVRC varieties.
v)
vi)
vii)
viii)
ix)
x)
xi)
Better coordination between DSR and Crop coordinators
Provision of some money to AICRIP for nucleus seed production and
maintenance breeding
Seed production standards need to be revisited (isolation distance for self /often
self pollinated)
Alternative to grow-out test
Variety specific diagnostic markers
Supply of test stocks seeds to newly identified varieties to SFCI for
multiplication
Training on pulse seed production to department officials /development staff for
further strengthening of seed multiplication by IIPR, Kanpur
10
xii)
Better utilized of breeder Seed by adopting generation system in seed
multiplication chain.
Wheat:
Dr. Indu Sharma, Project Director, DWR, Karnal has complimented wheat
workers and farmers for record wheat production for 5th consecutive year with 88-90 MT
during 2011-12. She highlighted the following issues for the wheat research programme
with NSP.
i. Replacement of old varieties with new varieties
ii. Withdrawal of old varieties from seed chain
iii. Do we need to produce the breeder seed of so many wheat varieties (145)?
(problem is number of varieties along with old varieties)
iv. Seed multiplication rate, isolation distance and maintenance breeding procedures
need to be dynamically modified to adopt to new varieties
v. Is the seed maintenance system working properly?
vi. Can the NSP take the responsibility of Maintenance breeding, as this put additional
load on breeder
vii. Fungicide impregnated packaging material for better and effective storage of seed
viii. Fine tuning of seed rate, fertilizer and optimization of crop geometry for healthy
seed production
ix. Value addition with seed priming using hormone / nutrition & suitability of seed
enhancement in different agro climatic zones.
x. Zero tillage and seed production
xi. Pathological and entomological problems in zero tillage
xii. Can hydropriming in wheat work in places where wheat has small sowing window
because of late harvesting of rice.
Castor and Sunflower: Dr. Laxminaraya, Senior scientist, DOR, Hyderabad highlighted
the increased castor production and foreign exchange by export of castor oil.
Main researchable issues highlighted in castor were:
-
Maintenance of Genetic purity through maintenance breeding
Isolation and pollination (mechanism of self fertility or incompatibility in parental
lines)
Refinement of sex expression : Understanding sex expression in relation to temp.,
soil fertility and agronomic management
Alternative mechanism need to develop through CMS system to overcome
existing problems.
Main researchable issues highlighted in Sunflower:
-
Dormancy mechanism and measures to reduce dormancy period by physiological
approaches
11
-
Auxiliary branching (relatively more problematic with parental lines grown in
Rabi)
Pollination mechanism/seed set is some hybrid like DRSH-1.
Chairman Dr R.K. Chowdhury, in his concluding remarks suggested formulating
technical programme and synthesizing recommendations from different Principal
Investigators.
i). To maximize the seed production per unit area.
ii). Further he suggested working on use of honeybees for increasing seed production
of pigeon pea and mustard.
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Session -IV
Important issues in Seed Research
Date : 15.04.2012
Chairman
:
Co chairman
:
Rapporteurs
:
:
Time : 09.00 A.M.
Dr. R.R Hanchinal, Vice Chancellor, UAS, Dharward &
Chairman, RAC, DSR, Mau.
Dr. (Mrs.) Malavika Dadlani,
Joint Director (Research), IARI, New Delhi
Dr. Arun kumar M.B, Senior Scientist, DSST, IARI, New Delhi
Dr. Dhandapani R., Scientist, Directorate of Seed Research, Mau
At the outset chairman Dr. R.R Hanchinal, Vice Chancellor, UAS, Dharward
briefed the importance of quality seeds in agricultural production and productivity. In this
direction he stressed the need for research activities towards addressing the issues like
alternative quick genetic purity testing methods, organic seed treatments with bio-agents
& botanicals, application of hydrogels for improving crop establishment under rainfed
conditions, the need for Public private partnership (PPP) & international collaboration
and to explore the possibilities of application of magnetic treatments & nano technology
for seed quality enhancement.
Dr. (Mrs.) Malavika Dadlani, JD(R), IARI, New Delhi opined that DNA based
molecular markers would be having wider applicability for variety identification, purity
testing, GMO detection as well as in basic studies like identification of QTLs for seed
quality traits and seed priming associated markers. Further she stressed the importance of
need and methods for protection of EDVs.
The areas of presentations were:
1 Application of Molecular Tools for Seed Quality Assurance
Dr. K.V. Bhatt,
NBPGR, New Delhi
2 Application of Pulsed Magnetic Field Technique in Dr. T. Leelapriya,
Agricultural sciences
MIM, Chennai
3 IPR Issues related to Seeds
Dr. V.A. Tonapi,
IARI, New Delhi
4 New Technologies for seed Drying and Storage
Dr. K. Keshavalu,
ANGRAU, Hyderabad
The important recommendations are:
1. Identification of referral laboratory for validation of identified markers for genetic
purity testing in different crops
2. Need for networking approach to identify the suitable markers in different crops
and harmonize the process or mechanism to be followed
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3. Need to have the consultation with the National Biodiversity Authority on issues
related to use of germplasm and traditional varieties in recombinant DNA
technological research including transfer of results
4. There is a need for harmonization of rules and regulation of BDA, PPV&FRA and
related legislations to usher in better varieties through harmonized germplasm
collection and exchange to hasten the process of benefit sharing
5. Collaboration with the BMT working group of UPOV need to be initiated to work
out the thresholds for EDVs
6. Sensitization of scientists and researchers regarding the IPR issues related to plant
variety protection (PVP)
7. Pulse Magnetic Field (PMF) is a promising technology having potential
application in seed quality enhancement and needs to be pursued in a more
precise manner. Therefore, studies on application PMF treatment for seed quality
enhancement as well as storability of thus enhanced seeds should be taken up at
selected STR centers
8. Application of zeolites beads need be taken up at selected STR centers for quick
seed drying, better storability and effective management of storage pest &
pathogen
The session was ended with the vote of thanks to chairman, co-chairman and all
the resource persons by Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project Director, DSR, Mau.
14
Session -V
Review of Breeder Seed Production and Policy Issues
Date : 15.04.2012
Time : 12.00 P.M.
Chairman
:
Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG (seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Co-chairman
:
Dr. L.V. Subba Rao, Nodal Officer (Seeds), DRR, Hyderabad
Rappotuers
:
Dr. S. Natarajan, Sr. Scientist, DSR, Mau
:
Dr. J. Shanthala, Assoc. Prof. UAS, Bangalore
At the outset chairman, Dr.J.S.Sandhu, ADG (Seeds) briefed about the existing
system of indenting of breeder seed and suggested to adhere to the calendar of operation
for smooth functioning of the generation system of seed production.
Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project Director, DSR, Mau presented the overall
progress & salient features of Breeder Seed Production during 2010-11 of deferent
centers crops.
Discussions and Action points of five major issues emerged out of the deliberations.
1. Lifting & non - lifting of breeder seeds : Due to communication gaps
Dr. J.S.Sandhu, ADG (Seeds)







The crop co-ordinators has to inform the required indents well in advance to the
concerned Breeders and Institutes so as to take up breeder seed production.
It is the complete responsibility of the nodal officer (Seeds) to implement the
programme so that the indented Breeder seed production is taken up to meet the
indent.
All the proformae of BSP should be communicated to the DSR, Mau that helps in
bridging the communications gaps.
Also indicated to strictly follow the calendar of events and give indents prior to
Production seasons of kharif & Rabi / summer so as to enable them to take up the
Breeder Seed Production of required quantity at appropriate time.
Each & every institution should take up the responsibility to take care of the
nucleus seed production and based on the availability the quantity of nucleus
seed, the breeder seed indents could be taken up.
In case of non-availability of indented breeder seed & if any other breeder seed is
produced that information should be given to the DSR, Mau or the concerned
indenter to facilitate the lifting of the produced breeder seed thus taking care of
short falls.
Chairman suggested that if proper communication is maintained between seed
indenters and nodal officers of BSP centres then the issue of partial lifting/nonlifting would be largely reduced.
15

Mis-matches in breeder seed also disrupts lifting of breeder seed produced and
suggested to avoid mismatch production.
Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, PD, DSR, Mau

Breeder Seed Production data should be sent at the right time to enable the issues
concerning short fall, if any to be discussed in the breeder seed Review Meeting.
Action Point
 The indenter should provide the details of the foundation seed produced which
has to be made mandatory by the DoAC so that the data about conversion of
Breeder seed to FS can be obtained and presented in the group meetings.
2. Monitoring of breeder/nucleus seed production activities
 The Chairman suggested that the nodal officer should take the responsibility to
give the report of the indents received for Breeder Seed Production. The crop
breeder should ensure the availability of nucleus seed for producing adequate
quantities of breeder seed in close liaison with the Nodal Officer Seeds
 Dr. Hanchinal, VC, UAS, Dharwad told that nucleus seed plots of rice and wheat
are being monitored and the same system needs to be strengthened for monitoring
of the nucleus seed plots for other crops also. Monitoring team constituted for
BSP should visit the nucleus seed plot to ensure the maintenance of seed quality.
 Internal monitoring of nucleus seed production is a must and the monitoring team
visit should be taken care of by the concerned crop coordinator. All the BSP
centres shall need to form a internal nucleus seed monitoring team under the
chairmanship of special/Nodal officer (seeds).
3. Production of nucleus seed of varieties developed by other institutes : An
opportunity
 Specific standing directions from the Council/ICAR exist that the nucleus seed
has to be produced by the originating Institutes/SAU’s. If sufficient infrastructure
is available, the institute can be recognized to produce the nucleus seed of
varieties developed by other institutes. Moreover, it has to be ensured that the
quality of nucleus seed needs to be maintained.
4. Phasing out of old varieties from the seed supply chain with suitable new
varieties
 The PD/PC has to take the responsibility of obtaining and consolidation of the
proposals for de-notification of the old varieties. Certain guidelines have to be
developed for phasing out of old varieties from the existing seed production
chain. The phased out old varieties has to be replaced with the altenative new
varieties.
5. Pricing of new varieties / Protected varieties
 Regarding premium price fixing of new varieties and protected varieties, there
should be a mechanism to fix the prices.
16
S. Rajendra Prasad, DSR, Mau
 PD, DSR had complemented the centres for achieving the breeder seed production
targets and requested to further minimize the mismatch and shortfall that affects
the seed production chain.
 From the following year, only the data of breeder seed produced during the
current year would be reviewed and discussed both at annual breeder seed review
meeting and annual group meeting of AICRP-NSP (Crops).
 He requested nodal officers to introduce the system of barcoding in the breeder
seed tags so that the tracking of breeder seed supply and their conversion may be
monitored.
 Dr. L.V. Subba Rao, Co-chairman pleaded that local varieties and land races need
to be protected and preserved in small quantities to avoid loss of
biodiversity/genetic base of vital crops.
Other General discussions and suggestions
 All the nodal officers (seed) have to participate in the crop based co-ordinated
group meetings to avoid differences in data reporting of production data to DSR,
Mau and project directors of different crops.
 Each state has to nominate separate Nodal officers so that they can coordinate
those indenters from their respective states to reduce the problem of non-lifting of
breeder seeds.
 ADG (Seeds) strongly emphasized that nodal officer (seeds) should ensure to
address the problems of seed supply/maintenance of seed quality as and when
arises.
Project Director, Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, has finally thanked all the delegates for
their active participation in effectively resolving the issues related to seed production
17
Session –VI
Finalization of Recommendations/Technical Programme Formulation for 2012-13
Date : 15.04.2012
Time: 2.30 PM
A. Seed Production and Certification
Chairman
: Dr. R.K Chowdhury, Former PC (NSP-Crops)
Convenor
: Dr. Vilas A. Tonapi, PI and Head, DSST, IARI
Rapporteur
: Dr. B. S. Tomar and Dr. M. B. Arun Kumar, DSST, IARI
The session was convened by Dr. Vilas A. Tonapi, PI (Seed Production and
Certification) and Head, DSST, IARI, New Delhi, under the chairmanship of Dr. RK
Chowdhury, Former Project Coordinator NSP (Crops) in the presence and of Dr. JS
Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi and Dr. Rajendra Prasad, Project Director,
DSR, MAU. The scientists involved in conduct of experiments in seed production and
certification participated in the deliberations. The progress, bottlenecks, and performance
of centres were assessed, discussed in detail and points for improvement were also
suggested. The observations, decisions, recommendations and Technical programme for
2012-12 were finalized and reported hereunder:
Observations:

It is necessary that we need to follow zone specific programmes so that the
research issues pertinent to the regions are addressed.

In order to usher in specialization in each of the STR centres it is necessary that
the programmes and the experiments be allotted to centres by recognizing their
strengths and capabilities so that quality of the experiments are improved on a
time line to deliver the results in a specific framework.

The defaulting centres and their performance need to be reviewed and reported so
that specific action to ameliorate the problems and corrective measures can be
initiated.

The experiment on ODVs (Relationship of Other Distinguishable Varieties
(ODVs) identified in Seed Testing Laboratory (STL) samples with genetic
impurity in Grow out Test (GoT). Stands concluded. The compilation and
recommendation of these experiments will be compiled by Dr. Shelar, MPKV,
Rahuri in chickpea, Dr. Dhirendra Khare, JNKVV, Jabalpur in Mustard and
Soybean and Lentils will be compiled and submitted to PI and PD, DSR, Mau
with pooled analysis of the data by 30th May 2012, so that emerging
recommendations can be communicated to the stakeholders .

Experiment No. 2 (Micro nutrient management on quality seed production), will
get modified as “Integrated approaches for maximization of seed yield” with large
18
plot integrated experimentation so that individual leads from all the experiments
will get embedded in the experiments to initiate large scale station and
participatory trials to maximize seed yields in target crops to enhance the
profitability to the seed growers.

Experiment No. 4 (Pilot project on furrow in between rows bed (FIRB’S) for seed
production) after three years experimentation stands terminated and the emerging
recommendation across years and crops will be compiled by Dr. Dhirendra Khare,
JNKVV, Jabalpur and Dr. NK Biradar Patil, UAS, Dharwad; will compile the
results from the pooled analysis and emerging recommendations to PI and PD,
DSR, Mau by 30th May 2012, so that emerging recommendations can be
communicated to the stakeholders.

The title of Experiment No. 7 (Comparison of SRI vs Conventional transplanting
for rice seed production) stands modified as “Comparison of modified SRI vs
Conventional transplanting for rice seed production”

All the centres will compile and provide the data to put up the status paper on
“Areas for economic seed production of green manure crops like Dhaincha,
Berseem, Sunhemp and Lucerne” so that large scale seed requirement in these
crops can be strategically planned for production to meet the growing demand for
these crops.

Following five new experiments will be initiated from 2012-13:
-
Standardization of alternate planting windows vis-s-vis climate change
Standardizing hybrid vegetable seed production under protected cultivation,
Standardization of suitable planting window for multicut forage sorghum
hybrid seed production under north Indian Conditions
Highlights of experiments of 2011-12:
1. The relationship of Other Distinguishable Varieties (ODVs) identified in Seed
Testing Laboratory (STL) samples with genetic impurity in Grow Out Test (GOT)
was studied in chick pea, soybean mustard and lentil. Expression of morphological
traits of all the plants formed by the seeds sorted out as ODV were compared with the
plants of authentic seed for distinguishing traits to establish the correlation. More the
ODVs, the genetic impurities across crops were higher. The correctness of
identification and relatedness with genetic purity ranged between 80 to 100%, to infer
that correctness in identifying the morphological traits/markers to identify holds key
to exact identification of ODVs in STLs and the same gets reflected in the genetic
purity. However detailed studies are needed in relation to ODVs and Minimum seed
certification standards.
2. The Micronutrient management on quality seed production (in micronutrient limiting
soil environments) in rice, wheat, sunflower, soybean, groundnut, rapeseed and
mustard with ZnSO4 as basal and foliar application, FeSO4, Boron, gypsum and
TIBA, sulphur, Sodium Molybdate on seed yield and quality have exhibited
promising impact in enhancing the plant growth components, seed yield and quality,
19
thus prompting to explore further their utility in enhancing the seed yield and in
reducing the processing losses to enhance the profitability to the seed growers.
3. The Pilot project on searching for alternative area for hybrid seed production of major
crops in different seasons has come out with new areas where profitable seed
production can be taken up. The new area identified based on favourable climatic
conditions, higher seed yield and better benefit: Cost ratio are as follows:
Hybrid Rice
: New areas identified are Koppa, Tumkur and Kollegal
district of Karnataka, Balaghat district in MP
Sunflower
: Bagepalli taluk of Chikkaballapur district in Karnataka
Sorghum
: Akola in Maharashtra
Pearlmillet
: Bundi area of RAU, Durgapura
Pigeon Pea Hybrid
: Jabalpur and Seoni in Madhya Pradesh
4. Pilot project on furrow in between rows bed (FIRB’S) for seed production in wheat,
soybean, groundnut and chickpea exhibited differential positive influence in favoring
better plant growth, yield and ease of operations. Further exploratory studies could be
embedded in yield maximization studies.
5. Comparison of SRI vs Conventional transplanting for rice seed production indicated
that SRI method of paddy seed production expressed its supremacy in all the
observations over the normal method of seed production. The economic evaluation of
SRI and conventional method of paddy seed production revealed that the cost benefit
ratio of SRI method of seed production was on an average 1:2.48, whereas for
conventional method of seed production it was on an average 1 :1.27
6. The optimization of production technology of hybrid rice (Ajay (CRMS 31A x IR
42266-29-3R) and Rajlakshmi (CRMS 32A x IR 42266-29-3R)) during the off-season
at Bhubaneswar for Hybrid rice indicated that during the young panicle development,
it was observed that the flowering of A lines were about a week later than the R line
and the A lines flowered after 114 days of sowing towards the end of April 2011. The
A rows were sprayed with 1% DAP to enhance flowering and the R lines were
sprayed with 2% urea along with draining of water from the field to delay flowering.
In spite of these manipulations, there was partial synchronization of flowering but the
increase in temperature (36.6-38.8oC) probably resulted in no seed setting.
7. The studies to standardize spacing and fertilizer for enhancing seed yield and quality
in sweet corn indicated that the seed yield and quality parameters of sweet corn were
significantly influenced due to spacing irrespective of planting methods and fertilizer
application. The spacing of 60 x 20 cm and NPK dose of 150:75:45 and ridge
planting resulted in higher seed yield and quality.
Session ended with thanks to the chair
20
Recommendations: Seed Production and Certification
1. The Pilot project on searching for alternative area for hybrid seed production of
major crops in different seasons has come out with new areas where profitable
seed production can be taken up. The new area identified based on favourable
climatic conditions, higher seed yield and better benefit: Cost ratio are as follows:
Hybrid Rice:
New areas identified are Koppa, Tumkur and
Kollegal district of Karnataka, Balaghat district in
MP
Sunflower:
Bagepalli taluk of Chikkaballapur district in
Karnataka
Location for hybrid seed production of rice under JNKVV, Jabalpur Blue ring
shows area for hybrid seed production in Kharif Red ring shows hybrid seed
production of rice in rabi
In all, 121.15q hybrid seed of JRH 5 was produced at 50 farmers field @
0.2ha/farmer at Balaghat and 17.69 q at 20 farmers field in Seoni districts with the
seed porducibility of 12.15 q/ha at Balaghat and 4.42 q/ha at Seoni. The range of
seed production at Blaghat during rabi 2010-2011 was 4.84 to 15.94 q/ha. Based on
the encouraging performance in the demonstration of hybrid seed production
programme in summer at Balaghat district of MP many private seed production
agencies initiate the programme. Seeds produced in Koppa (100 %), Tumkur (99%)
and Kollegal (100 %) were found to be superior with respect to genetic purity among
new areas in Karnataka. Seed germination was found better in these areas and meet
minimum seed certification standards (92%, 88% and 90%, respectively).
2. Pilot project on furrow in between rows bed (FIRB’S) for seed production in soybean
and groundnut had significantly positive influence in favoring better plant growth,
yield and ease of operations to provide a significant gain in seed yield and quality to
provide more economic benefit to the farmer at a benefit cost ratio of 1: 1.6.
21
TECHNICAL PROGRAMME
Experiment 1
:
Integrated approach for maximization of seed yield
Objective
:
To study the effect of integrated yield maximization practices in
enhancing seed yield and profitability
Year of start
:
2012-13
Centre:
Crop
Centres / Deficient micro-nutrients
Hybrid Rice DRR, Hyderabad; CRRI, Cuttuck; UAS, Bangalore; TNAU, Coimbatore;
JNKVV, Jabalpur; GBPUA&T, Pantnagar; IARI, Karnal; DSR, Mau
Wheat
UAS, Dharwad; NDUAT, Faizabad; HPKVV, Palampur; CSAU&T,
Kanpur; MPUA&T, Kota; CCSHAU, Hisar; BHU, Varanasi; DSR, Mau;
RAU, Dholi.
Groundnut
JAU, Junagadh, Gujarat; ANGARU, Hyderabad; OUAT, Bhubaneswar;
RAU, Durgapura; TNAU, Coimbatore; UAS, Dharwad; UAS, Raichur
Sunflower
UAS, Bangalore; UAS, Raichur; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; CCSHAU, Hisar
Maize
DMR, Hyderabad; UAS, Bangalore; UAS, Raichur; RAU, Dholi
Soybean
JNKVV, Jabalpur; UAS, Raichur; UAS, Dharwad; DSR, Indore; MAU
Parbani, Maharashtra; MPKV, Rahuri, Maharashtra
Rapeseed
AAU, Jorhat (Bo) ; SKUAT, Srinagar, J&K
Mustard
RAU, Durgapura; CSAU&T, Kanpur
Treatments (For all the crops unless otherwise specified individually for each crop):
(Each centre will use their own hybrids/varieties)
Factor I
: Latest and ruling Variety and hybrids in each crop ruling in your
state/region or area of jurisdiction. Each centre will use seeds of
their own hybrids and varieties. No seed will be supplied centrally
Factor II : Methods of sowing
Factor III : Nutritional levels
Factor IV : Refined agronomic packages and cultural practices
Factor V : Level of deficient micro-nutrients (Dose: Based on micro nutrient
deficiency status in experimental plots of the centre)
1. Basal (B) application (kg/ha) + split application of recommended dose of
fertilizers best in your region/state
2. Foliar (F) application (g/l) twice at one week interval after appearance of
deficiency symptom
3. Integrated land and crop management practices
22
Design
: Split
Replications : 4
Plot size
: Each experiment will be large strip trials with integrated location
specific technologies.
Observations to be recorded in all crops
1. Soil analysis
(a) Initial soil nutrient status
(b) Post harvest nutrient status
2. Uptake of nutrients by plant and seed
3. Plant growth and Yield and yield attributing characters
4. Seed recovery (%)
5. Seed quality parameters
(a) Germination (%)
(b) Vigour index
6. Disease and insect - pest infestations
7. Economics of seed production
8. Benefit: Cost ratio
9. Any other additional observations
Hybrid Rice
Purpose: The main purpose of this experiment is to give best seed agronomy and
planting geometry for maximizing the quality seed production of hybrids
Objective(s)
1. To study the effect of deficient micro-nutrients of the location on quality seed
production.
2. To provide adequate pollen load / supply to get maximum seed set.
Technical Details
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Initial nutrient status of the (field) soil through soil analysis
RDF + basal application of the deficient micro- nutrients
Foliar application twice at weekly interval after appearance of the symptoms
Staggered sowings of the male parental lines
Plant the seedlings after mixing (two staggered) / alternative hills
Pollen parental line
Plot size
: 5x3 m2
Design
: split plot
Replications : 3
23
Treatments
1. Hybrids & parental lines: Latest and ruling hybrids in each crop ruling in your
state/region or area of jurisdiction. Each centre will use seeds of their own
hybrids and varieties. No seed will be supplied centrally
Treatments
1. Alternate planting of the staggered pollen parent as per the recommended row
ratio
2. Mixed seedling planting of the pollen parent as per the recommended row ratio
3. Boron spray to the male parent (recommended dose by NSP)
4. No Boron spray
Observations to be recorded
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Initial soil nutrient status
Post harvest nutrient status of soil
Uptake of nutrients by plant
Insect Pest and disease scoring
Seed yield
Seed quality parameters
Economics of seed production
Benefit: cost ratio
GROUNDNUT TREATMENT DETAILS
No of treatments
Main plots (Nutrient management through soil
application): 04
Sub-plots (Foliar application of fertilizers): 03
Treatment details
I.
Main Plot treatments (Nutrient management through soil application)
NM1 – Application of FYM @ 7.5 t ha-1
NM2 – Application of RDNPK
NM3 – Application of FYM @ 7.5 t ha-1 + RDNPK
NM4 – Application of FYM @ 7.5 t ha-1 + RDNPK + Critical micronutrient (Fe)
(FeSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1) OR Zn (ZnSO4 @ 25 kg ha-1)
I.
Sub-Plot treatments (Foliar application of fertilizers)
FA1 – Absolute Control (No spray)
FA2 – Foliar application of Urea @ 2 % at 30 DAS
FA3 – Foliar application of Urea @ 2 % at 30 and 60 DAS
FA4- Gypsum application- at pegging stage
24
Note
RDNPK : Recommended dose of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium
Soil application of gypsum as per recommendation.
Design
SPLIT PLOT DESIGN
No. of replications
3
Plot size
Gross plot size
3.60 m  5.00 m (18.00 m2) (12 Rows)
Net plot size
3.00 m  4.80 m (14.40 m2) (12 Rows)
Conversion factor
694.444
Spacing
30 cm  10 cm
Recommended dose of fertilizer (NPK)
75 kg P2O5 and 25 kg K2O ha-1 or best
recommended fertilizer dodagae for your
state, region or zone
Cultivar
Any recommended (Bunch or spreading type)
cultivar appropriate seed production season
Source fertilizers
1. Nitrogen
Urea (46 % N)
2. Phosphorus
Single super phosphate (SSP) (16 % P2O5)
3. Potassium
Muriate of potash (MOP) (60 % K2O)
OR
1. Nitrogen and Phosphorus
Diammonium Phosphate (DAP) (18 % N and
46 % P2O5)
2. Potassium
Muriate of potash (MOP) (60 % K2O)
Gypsum application: Apply well powdered gypsum @ 250 kg/ha close to the base of
plants at 20-25 days after sowing on either side and incorporate in the soil, so that it
remains in top 3 cm of soil. This is required because calcium has to be supplied to the
developing pods independently as movement of calcium from vegetative parts to the pods
through gynophore is limited due to narrow xylem vessel in the gynophore. This will
improve number of pods and pod filling. Besides 22.3% calcium, gypsum also supplies
18.6% sulphur to the soil. Sulphur deficiency is likely to develop where groundnut is
taken up continuously with high analysis fertilizer like Urea and DAP. However, gypsum
is not required when Single Super Phospahte (SSP) or Ammonium Sulphate(AS) is used
as it also supplies sulphur.
Micronutrient management: Essential micronutrients required for groundnut, as in the
case of other crops, are:
Iron
Zinc
Molybdenum
Chlorine
Boron
Manganese
Copper
Cobalt
25
These micronutrients are to be applied preferably based on soil testing. However,
in a standing crop of groundnut, any micronutrient deficiencies can be corrected
observing the deficiency symptoms in the crop.
Application of organic manures like well decomposed farm yard manure (FYM) and
compost, green manuring and green-leaf manuring practices provide most of the
micronutrients to groundnut.
If micronutrient deficiency symptoms are noticed in a standing crop, the
following are the sources of micronutrient supplying products.
Iron
Boron
Zinc
Molybdenum
Manganese
Ferrous sulfate (20.1% Fe)
Borax (10.5% B) or boric acid
Zinc sulfate (21% Zn)
Sodium molybdate (39.7Mo)
ammonium molybdate (54.3% Mo)
Manganese sulfate (16% Mg O)
Iron

Groundnut is very susceptible to iron deficiency. Iron deficiency is seen in
calcareous and alkaline soils with soil pH above 7.5.

Soil application of 25 kg per ha of ferrous sulfate at the final ploughing is
recommended in soils low in available iron.

Foliar application of 0.5-1.0% ferrous sulfate solution was proved very successful
for groundnut if iron deficiency is noticed in a standing crop.
Boron
Boron deficiency is usually observed in deep black soils. Boron application need
to be carefully done. Even little higher amount of application may result in boron toxicity
which reduces groundnut yield. However, the amount of boron recommended on a soil
test report improves good kernel development in groundnut. Application of 10 kg per ha
of borax as soil application at final ploughing is recommended for boron deficient soils.
Foliar application of 0.25% borax results in overcoming the deficiency of boron in a
standing crop. This should be done twice during the cropping season, once at the
begining of flower developemnt and once at the pod set stage. Even, foliar application of
boron as low as 0.1 ppm also increased the yield.
Zinc
Zinc deficiency is widespread and groundnut yield is reduced by about half when the zinc
level in the soil is lower than 1.2 ppm.
Zinc deficiency is likely to occur

when soils are low in organic matter,

under high levels of soil P, and

when the soils are cool and wet during the vegetative phase.
26
25 to 50 kg per ha of zinc sulfate applied to the soil at final ploughing is
recommended for groundnut. Unless the soils are very deficient in zinc, zinc
application can be practiced once in two years. If zinc deficiency is observed in a
standing crop of groundnut, foliar application of 0.3 to0.5% zinc sulfate solution
corrects the problem.
Molybdenum
 The deficiency of molybdenum (Mo) is confined largely to acid soils with pH less
than 5. Its deficiency is quite likely in high pH (more than 8) soils also.
Among the micronutrients, only molybdenum availability decreases with decrease in
the soil pH.

Soil application of 0.56-1.72 kg per ha of ammonium molybdate and/or foliar spray
of 100-200 ppm ammonium molybdate before flowering was found to increase
groundnut yield.

Micronutrients like Manganese, Magnesium, Copper, Chloride and Cobalt are very
rarely deficient in groundnut growing areas.
Pests and diseases and their control: Aphids (Aphis craccivora Koch-), Leaf miner
(Stomopteryx subseciva Zell), the red hairy cater piller (Amsacta albistriga Walk., and A
moorei Bltr.) and the white grub (Lachnosterna consanguiea) are the serious pests of the
groundnut crop. Dusting B.H.C 10% on the young larve or spraying Metasystox) 0.05%
on grown up catrepillers is recomended for controlling the red hairy caterpiller. Spottreatment with Phorate or Mephospholan granules at the rate of 1.5 kg a.i. per ha into the
soil before planting is recomended for controlling the white grub.
The tikka leaf-spot (Cercospora arachidicola and C. personata) and the collerrot (Aspergillus niger and A. pulverulentum) are important diseases of groundnut. Rust
(Puccinia arachidis) has been occuring in a serious form in recent years in certain
groundnut growing areas.It is desirable to store groundnut in gunnt bags are stacked in a
storeroom in tires comprising not more in each in such a way that the air keeps
circulating planks. Dry seed dressing with Thiram or captan @ 4g/kg of seed is
recomended for controlling collar-rot. Yet spraying with Hinosan at the rate of 0.02% is
recommended to check the spread of the Pathogen.
27
Name of
the
insect
Aphids
Leaf
miner
Scientific name
Aphids
craccivora
- Stomopteryx
subsecivella
Podborder
Euborillia stali
Red hairy Amsacta
caterpiller albistriga
Termites
Odontotermae
obsesus
Disease
Casual
Organism
Virus
Bud-rot
Collar-rot
Aspergillus
niger
Mosaic
Virus
Symptoms of damage
Control measures
Black bodied tiny insects suck Spray 0.025% of
the sap making the plants stunted methyl
and yellow
demetion or < of
).05% or>
Dark green to brown hairless Spray 0.025% of
Larve mine the leaves by folding methyl
and webbing them Plants are demetion or
retarded in growth and give a metasystox or 0.05%
burnt-up appearance and a of
yellow colour
Endosulfan
The earwings feed on the Drill into the soil
both newly formed and mature BHC 10% dust @25
pods and render them unfit kg/ha or Temic 10 g
for consumption.
@ one kg/ha or
before planting.
The caterpillars occur in Dust BHC 10% dust
masses and defoliate the crop, @25 kg/ha on young
reducing the yield.
larve or spray
Metasystox 0.05 @
350-400 litres per
hectare.
Damage the roots causing the Apply Heptachlor 5%
plants to die.Also, they scrape dust @ 25 kg per
the shell and eat away the soft hectare.
material.
Symptoms
Control measures
Necrosis of the buds occurs and
further growth of the plants is
arrested. Axillary shoots are
produced, owing to which the
whole plant gives a whirled
appearance. Such plants seldom
produce any pods: resulting in a
heavy reduction in yeild
Rooting of the hypocotyl region,
wilting and death of the
seedlings
Motting
of
the
leaves,
accompanied
with
their
malformation, smelling and
plucking
28
No control measure is
available, but some
culters are resistant to
this disease.
Treat the seed with
Thiram or Captan 3
g/kg of seed.
Control aphids to
arrest the
spread of the disease.
Root rot
Sclerotinia sp.
Rosette
Virus
Rust
Puccinia
arachidis
Tikka
disease
Mycosphaerella
personata,M.
arachidicola
The rot begins below the soil
level, and spreads upwards and
downwards to the-system.
Affected plants show a dense
clump of tufty shoots with
yellow leaves and erect habit.
Orange-red pustules appear on
both surfaces of the leaves.
Eventully, the leaflets curl and
drop off.
Necrotic
circular
spot
surrounded
by a light-yellow ring on the
upper side of the leaves.
Spots due to M.arachidicolaare
large and irregular
Drench the soil with
0.02% wet ceresan
Control aphids and
jassids with an
insecticidal spray to
arrest the spread of
the disease.
Spray 0.02% Hinosan
to check
the spread of the
disease.
Spray Benlate or
Bavistin@
0.05% at 2-3 week
intervals
3-4 times, starting
from 4-6
weeks after solving.
Wheat
Main factor: Ridge sowing
Plain sowing
Sub factor: D1- Recommended DAP
D2-1.25 x DAP
D3- 1.5 x DAP
Micro nutrient (Mn, Zn): Based on soil analysis
Plot size: 500 m2
Design: Split plot design
Replication: four
Seed treatments: as per recommendation
Other disease and pest control: as per recommendation in the zone
Land selection:
Selection of appropriate site is very essential for quality seed production. The
seed production for wheat crop should be taken at well drained, clean, productive and
levelled land that is properly crop rotated. The previous cropping history of the field
should be known to avoid contamination from volunteer plants, noxious weed and soil
borne diseases.
29
Selection of variety:
The recent variety having more demand and adapted to particular environment
should be selected
Sowing Method:
Sowing with seed drill is recommended but not essential. However row planting
has an advantage over broadcasting as it requires less seed, facilitates mechanized weed
control, easy inspection and rouging of off-types.
Sowing Time in different wheat zones of India:
The sowing time for irrigated timely sown in different zones is as follows:
1. Northern Hills Zone: First fortnight of November
2. North Western Plains Zone: First fortnight of November
3. North Eastern Plains Zone: Second fortnight of November
4. Central Zone: 10 to 20th of November
5. Peninsular Zone: Second week of November
6. Southern Hill Zone: Last week of November month to first week of December.
Seed Rate:
The optimum seed rate for wheat seed production varies with location, time of
planting and method of planting. For most of the condition 100kg/ha seed is optimum.
Fertilizer application:
Fertilizer application for the wheat should be based on soil testing results. A well
balanced supply of Nitrogen, Phosphorus and Potash is essential and for proper and
efficient seed production as it has influence on seed development and seed quality. On an
average 150Kg Nitrogen, 60Kg Phosphorus and 40Kg Potassium for a hectare is the
recommendation if soil testing results are not available.
Water management with minimum and optimum limits with time of applications:
Wheat crop requires 40 cm (400 mm) of water to complete its life cycle. Wheat
crop needs irrigation when available soil moisture falls below 50-60 per cent of the field
capacity. In general this crop requires 4-6 irrigations depending upon rainfall, soil type,
tillage practices and water use by the genotype. For optimum wheat productivity,
irrigation scheduling is the important aspect because deficits of water as well as excess
application of water adversely affect the production. Depending upon the availability of
irrigation water, it should be applied at critical growth stages of crop which are crown
root initiation (20-25 days after sowing), tiller completion /late tillering (40-45 days after
sowing), late jointing or booting (60-65 days after sowing), flowering or heading (80-85
days after sowing), milking (100-105 days after sowing) and dough stage (115-120 days
after sowing). Crown root initiation and flowering or heading are the most critical stages
to moisture stress. Therefore, enough moisture must be ensured at these two stages of
wheat crop.
30
Crop Management:
Crop management should be optimal and similar to that of grain crop. However
small differences are there:
Use lower seed rate to increase multiplication factor
Proper spacing to facilitate rouging and inspection
Maintaining the species and variety purity
Controlling diseases that are seed transmitted.
Diseases and pest management in wheat seed crop
Seed Treatment: Seed should be treated with vitavax 75 WP or bavistin @ 2.5 g per kg
seed before sowing.
Karnal Bunt disease: Healthy seed should be used. Seed should be treated with thiram
2.5 g per kg seed.
Smut disease: In the month of May-June when sunlight is very bright hot treatment
should be given before storing the seed. Seed should be soaked in water for 4-6 hours and
spread on floor in strong sun light to control this disease.
Rust disease: As soon as yellow rust is observed in the field, one spray of Propiconazole
25EC @ 0.1 per cent or Tebuconazole 250 EC @ 0.1 per cent should be given to control
the disease. One ml of chemical should be mixed in one litre water and thus 500 ml of
fungicide mixed with 500 L of water should be sprayed in one hectare wheat crop.
Farmers should spray the crop preferably in the afternoon and when weather is clear (no
rain, no fog etc.). Resistant genotypes should be grown.
Termite: Termite attacks the crop in early stage. Seed treatment is must to control this
pest. For 1 quintal of wheat seed 500 ml Chlorpyriphos 20 EC in 5 litre of water used for
seed treatment.
Aphid: Spraying of Imidacloprid @ 0.4 ml per litre water on border rows for control of
aphids as soon as aphids are spotted.
Weed control
Metsulfuron @ 4.0 g or 2, 4-D @ 500 g or Carfentrazone @ 20 g per hectare
should be applied to control the broad leaved weeds in wheat crop. Pre emergence
application of Pendimethalin @ 1 litre per hectare is also quite effective in controlling
broad leaved weeds. For grasses sulfosulfuron 25 g, clodinafop 60 g, pinoxaden 40 g, and
fenaxoprop 100g per hectare should be applied. Sulfosulfuron is effective against both
grassy and broad leaved (non grassy) weeds whereas, clodinafop, fenaxaprop and are
specific to grasses.
31
Sunflower
Presowing seed treatment: 1. with metalaxyl@6gm/kg of seed to control downey
mildew; and 2. Imidacloprid 6gm/kg of seed where ever necrosis is a major problem
Hybrids, parental lines and varieties: Most adapted hybrid, its parental lines needs
to be used
Main factor: Recommended dose of fertilizer (60-80KG N; 60-90 Kg P; 30Kg K per
hectare): Out of this 50% N as basal application, 25% N after 35 days after sowing and
25% N at 50% flowering)
Sub factor:
1. Presowing soil application of Sulphur 30 and 45 kg per hectare)
2. Boron spray (0.2%) at the rayfloret opening time
*Control needs to be maintained; Soil should have good drainage, where in previous
crop should not be sunflower.
Spacing: Sow 2-3 seeds per hill; The spacing to be given is: Between row: 60cm;
Between plants 30cm. Thin the the plants of 15-18 days to retain one seedling per hill.
Earthing up is a must at 35 days after germination.
Micro nutrient (Mn, Zn, Fe): Based on soil analysis
Plot size: 500 m2
Design: Split plot design
Replication: four
Other disease and pest control: 1. Prophylactic spray of Bavistin (0.7%) at 45-50 days
after sowing to control alternaria leaf spot, and if required one more spary can also be
taken. 2. Watch out for spodoptera and heliothis and control them with collection in case
of instars of the larvae and destroy, Spray systemic insecticides like monocrotophos or
dust with endosulphon or quinolphos
Maize
Main factor :
Sub factor
:
Ridge sowing
D1- Recommended DAP
D2-1.25 x DAP
D3- 1.5 x DAP
Micro nutrient (Mn, Zn): Based on soil analysis
Plot size: 500 m2
Design: Split plot design
Replication: four
32
Seed treatment: To protect the maize crop from seed and major soil borne diseases and
insect-pests, seed treatment with fungicides and insecticides before sowing is advisable/
recommended as per the below given details.
Sl.
No.
1
2
3
4
Disease/insect-pest
Turcicum Leaf Blight, Banded Leaf
and Sheath Blight, Maydis leaf blight
BSMD
(Banded leaf and sheath blight)
Pythium Stalk Rot
Termite and shoot fly
Fungicide/Pestic
ide
Bavistin +
Captan in 1:1
ratio
Apron 35 SD
Rate of application
(g kg-1 seed)
2.0
Captan
Imidachlorprid
2.5
4.0
4.0
Fertilizers and micronutrients
Therefore, for higher economic yield of maize, application of 10 t FYM ha-1, 1015 days prior to sowing supplemented with 150-180 kg N, 70-80 kg P2O5, 70-80 kg K2O
and 25 kg ZnSO4 ha-1 is recommended. Full doses of P, K and Zn should be applied as
basal preferably drilling of fertilizers in bands along the seed using seed-cum-fertilizer
drills. Nitrogen should be applied in 5-splits as detailed below for higher productivity and
use efficiency. N application at grain filling results in better grain filling. Therefore,
nitrogen should be applied in five splits as per below mentioned for higher N use
efficiency.
S. No
1
2
3
4
5
Crop Stage
Basal (at sowing)
V4 (four leaf stage)
V8 (eight leaf stage)
VT (tasseling stage)
GF (grain filling stage)
Nitrogen rate (%)
20
25
30
20
5
Insect-pest management
i. Stem Borer (Chilo partellus)
ii. Pink Borer (Sesamia inferens)
Control of Chilo and Sesamia: For control of Chilo and Sesamia, foliar spray of 0.1 %
Endosulfan {700 ml (35 EC) in 250 litre water} 10 days after germination is very
effective. The Chilo can also be controlled by release of 8 Trichocards (Trichogramma
chilonis) per hectare at 10 days after germination. Intercropping of maize with suitable
varieties of cowpea is an eco-friendly option for reducing the incidence of Chilo on
maize.
iii. Shoot fly (Atherigona sp.) Control of Shootfly:
• Sowing must be completed before first week of February so that the crop will escape
shootfly infestation.
33
• Spring sowing must be accompanied with seed treatment with Imidacloprid @ 6ml/kg
seed.
iv. Termites (Odontotermes obesus)
For control of termite fepronil granules should be applied @ 20 kg ha-1 followed by
light irrigation. If the termite incidence is in patches, than spot application of fepronil @
2-3 granuled/plant should be done. Clean cultivation delays termite attack.
Disease management
i.
Turcicum leaf blight (TLB): For control of TLB, spray Zineb/Meneb @ 2.5-4.0
g/liter of water (2- 4 applications) at 8-10 days interval. The crop debris should be
ploughed down. Also, the resistant cultivars should be grown.
ii.
Maydis leaf blight (MLB): For effective control of this disease, spray of Dithane
Z-75 or Zineb @ 2.4 – 4.0 g/liter of water (2-4 applications) at 8-10 days interval
after first appearance of symptoms of disease. In addition, the crop debris should be
ploughed down. Also, the resistant cultivars should be grown.
iii.
Polysora Rust: For effective control of polysora rust, three sprays of Dithane M-45
@ 2-2.5 gm/liter beginning from first appearance of symptoms at 15 days interval
are required. It is always advisable to use resistant varieties.
iv.
Banded leaf and sheath blight (BLSB): Seed treatment with peat based
formulation (Pseudomonas fluorescence) @ 16 g/kg of seed or as soil application
@ 7g/liter of water (soil drenching) or foliar spray of Sheethmar (Validamycin) @
2.7 ml /liter water provides effective control of the disease. Stripping of 2 lower
leaves along with leaf sheath also gives effective control of the disease.
v.
Post Flowering Stalk Rot of Maize (PFSR): For effective control of the disease,
water stress at flowering should be avoided. Use balance dose of nutrients wherein
potassium application helps in minimizing the disease. Use of bio-control agents
(Trichoderma formulation) in furrows mixed with FYM @ 10g/kg at 10 days prior
to its use in the field. It always advisable to practice crop rotation to minimize the
disease incidence.
vi.
Downy mildews (DM) Seed treatment with fungicides like Apron 35 WS @ 2.5
g/kg seed. Also the resistant varieties should be used.
Weed Management Weeds are the serious problem in maize, particularly during kharif
/monsoon season they compete with maize for nutrient and causes yield loss up to 35 %.
Therefore, timely weed management is needed for achieving higher yield. Atrazine being
a selective and broad-spectrum herbicide in maize checks the emergence of wide
spectrum of weeds. Pre-emergence application of Atrazine (Atratraf 50 wp, Gesaprim
500 fw) @ of 1.0-1.5 kg a.i ha-1 in 600 litre water, Alachlor (Lasso) @ 2-2.5 kg a.i ha-1,
Metolachlor (Dual) @ 1.5-2.0 kg a.i ha-1, Pendamethalin (Stomp) @ 1-1.5 kg a.i. ha-1
are effective way for control of many annual and broad leaved weeds. While spraying,
following precautions should be taken care by the person during spray, he should move
backward so that the Atrazine film on the soil surface may not be disturbed. Preferably
34
three boom flat fan nozzle should be used for proper ground coverage and saving time.
One to two hoeing are recommended for aeration and uprooting of the remaining weeds,
if any. While doing hoeing, the person should move backward to avoid compaction and
better aeration. For areas where zero tillage is practiced, pre-plant application (10-15 days
prior to seeding) of non-selective herbicides viz., Glyphosate @ 1.0 kg a.i. ha-1 in 400600 litre water or Paraquat @ 0.5 kg a.i. ha-1 in 600 litre water is recommended to
control the weeds. Under heavy weed infestation, post-emergence application of Paraquat
can also be done as protected spray using hoods.
Rapeseed and Mustard
Seed Treatment: To control White Rust: APRON SD @6g/ Kg. seed OR Carbendazim
@2g/ Kg seed
Fertilizer: 60:40:40 Kg. /hac. + 300Kg. Gysum (40 Kg. Elemental Sulphur)
Micronutrient: Zinc (Rajasthan)?
Special cultural operations : Thinning at 15-20 DAS
First weeding : before first irrigation (40 DAS)
Plant protection:
Bagrada (Painted bug): 2% Methyl Paarthion/ 4% Endosulphan/ 5% malathion@ 20-25
Kg/ hac.
Aphid: Rogor @1.5 l/ hac. 500-800 l water
White Rust: Ridomil MZ 72 WP @ 2gm/ l water: 5000-800 l per hac.
Soybean
Main factor :
Sub factor
:
Ridge sowing
Plain sowing
D1- Recommended DAP
D2-1.25 x DAP
D3- 1.5 x DAP
Micro nutrient (Mn, Zn): Based on soil analysis
Plot size: 500 m2
Design: Split plot design
Replication: four
Seed treatments: as per recommendation
Other disease and pest control: as per recommendation in the zone
Grow soybean in well drained sandy loam to clay soil with medium water holding
capacity, reasonable depth, comparatively rich in organic carbon and leveled fields with
near neutral pH (6.5 to 7.5). Soil with excessive salts/ sodium and poorly drained
conditions are not suitable for soybean cultivation.Deep summer ploughing once in 2-3
35
years or one normal summer ploughing followed by 2-3 cross harrowing or cultivation is
for ideal seed bed of good tilth for soybean crop.
Package of practices for higher yield:
North Hill North Plain Central
Southern Zone
Eastern Zone
Zone
Zone
Zone
Bold
Bold
Bold
seeded- 80- seeded- 80- seeded-80Bold seeded- 8090 kg/ha
90Kg/ha
90Kg/ha
Bold seeded- 8090Kg/ha Medium
Seed Rate
Medium
Medium
Medium
90Kg/haMedium
seeded-70(i). (Minimum 70% seeded-70- seeded-70- seeded-70seeded-7075kg/ha Small
germination)
75kg/ha
75kg/ha
75kg/ha
75kg/haSmall
seeded-55-60
Small
Small
Small
seeded-55-60 kg/ha
kg/ha
seeded-55- seeded-55- seeded-5560 kg/ha
60 kg/ha
60 kg/ha
i) Fungicidal/Bio-agent: Thiram 75 WP + Cabendazim 50 WP (2:1) @ 3
g/kg seed or Trichoderma viride @ 4-5 gm/kg seed.
(ii). Seed treatment
ii) Microbial: About 500 g/75 kg seed Bradyrhizobium japonicum culture +
PSB/PSM 500 g/ 75 Kg seed
(i) For KharifMiddle of June to
end of July (ii)
Mid of June Middle of
Last week
For Rabi- First
to First
June to
Middle of June to
(iii).Sowing time
of May to
week of October
week of
Middle of
middle of July
June end
to December (iii)
July
July
For SummerSecond fortnight
of January
Spacing
45 - 60 x 5 30-45 x 5-8
(iv). (Depending on 45 x 5 cm
30 - 45 x 5 cm 30 - 45 x 5 cm
cm
cm
Sowing time)
(v). Depth of sowing 3 to 5 cm 3 to 5 cm 3 to 5 cm 3 to 5 cm
3 to 5 cm
0.4 million 0.4 million 0.4-0.6
0.4-0.6 million
(vi). Plant population
0.4-0.6 million /ha
/ha
/ha
million /ha /ha
2 Storage
Store in moisture proof bags at seed moisture of about 9-10 %.
No. Input/practices
Fertiliser management:
North Hill Zone North Plain Zone Central Zone
10 t FYM/ha + 10 t FYM/ha +
10 t FYM/ha +
20:80: 20: 20
20:60: 20: 20
20:60: 20: 20
N:P2O5: K2O:S N:P2O5: K2O:S N:P2O5:
Kg/ha
Kg/ha
K2O:S Kg/ha
Southern Zone
10 t FYM/ha +
20:80: 20: 20
N:P2O5: K2O:S
Kg/ha
Eastern Zone
10 t FYM/ha +
20:80: 40: 20
N:P2O5: K2O:S
Kg/ha
Water management: Flowering and pod filling stage in case of drought.
36
Weed management:Two hand weedings at 21 and 45 DAS or Fluchloralin or Trifluralin
@ 1 kg a.i./ha as pre-plant incorporation or Alachlor @ 2 kg a.i./ha or Pendimethalin @ 1
kg a.i./ha or Metolachlor @ 1 kg a.i./ha or Clomazone @ 1 kg a.i./ha as pre-emergence or
Imazethapyr @ 75 to 100 g a.i./ha or quizalofop ethyl @ 50 g a.i./ha as post-emergence
(15 -20 DAS) in 750 to 800 liters water/ha.
Plant protection
No podding/ Bud proliferation syndrome: Apply Phorate 10 G @ 10 Kg/ha as soil
application followed by spray of either Triazophos 40 EC @ 0.8 l/ha or Ethion 50 EC @
1.5 l/ha or Methomyl 12.5 L @ 2.0 l/ha or Quinalphos 25 EC @ 1.5 l/ha.
For foliar diseases like Myrothecium, Cercospora leaf spot and Rhizoctonia aeria blight:
Two spray of carbendazim 50 WP or thiophanatemethyl 70 WP @ 0.5 kg in 1000 l
water/ha at 35 and 50 DAS.
For Bacterial pastule: Spray of Copper oxychloride 2 Kg + Streptocycline 200 g /1000 l
water at the appearance of the disease.
For the control of Yellow Mosaic: Spray of thiomethoxam 25 WG @ 100 g/ha or
methyl deinaton @ 0.8 l/ha.
For rust: Two to three sprays of hexaconazole or propiconazole or triadimefon or
ocycarboxin @ 0.1%. First spray at the time of appearance of rust followed by
subsequent sprays at 15 days control. For hot spot areas one prophylectic spray of any of
above fungicide at 35 to 40 days after sowing.
Harvesting: When pods turn black, brown or golden, seed has 17% moisture. Thresh at
about 14 % grain moisture using thresher.
Experiment 2
:
Pilot project on alternative area for hybrid seed production of
major crops in different seasons
Objective
:
1. To find out alternate area for hybrid seed production of
different crops to reduce transportation cost and time.
2. To analyse the different aspects of seed production technology
of hybrid rice during off- season
Year of start
:
2008-09 (modified 2010-11)
Crop
Hybrid rice
Centre
DRR & ANGRAU, Hyderabad
IGKV, Raipur
UAS, Bangaluru
KKV, Dapoli
NDUAT, Faizabad
JNKVV, Jabalpur
IARI, New Delhi
37
Hybrids
DRRH 3, KRH 2
KRH 2, Indra Sona 1
DRRH 3, KRH 2
Sahyadri 1 &2
Narendra Shankardhan 2, PRH 10
JRH 5, DRRH 3
PRH 10, Pant Shankardhan 3
Sunflower
Pearl millet
Sorghum
Maize
Castor
Pigeon pea
Jute
GBPUAT, Pantnagar
PRH 10, Pant Shankardhan 3
CRRI, Cuttack
CRHR 5, CRHR 7
BCKV, Kalyani
DRRH 2
KAU, Pattambi
CO RH 3, KRH 2
AAU, Jorhat
CRHR 5, CRHR 7
RAU, Dholi
KRH 2, DRRH 2
BAU, Ranchi
CRHR 5, CRHR 7
OUA&T, Bhubaneswar
CRHR 5, CRHR 7
UAS, Bengaluru; DOR, Hyderabad; UAS, Raichur; PAU, Ludhiana
PDKV, Akola; MPKV, Rahuri; RAU, Durgarpura; JAU, Jamnagar
DSR, Hyderabad; UAS, Dharwad; PDKV, Akola
PAU, Ludhiana; HAU, Hisar; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; RAU, Dholi; UAS,
Bangaluru; DMR, New Delhi
ANGRAU, Hyderabad; JAU, Jamnagar; SDAU, SK Nagar; UAS, Raichur
JNKVV, Jabalpur; PDKV, Akola; BAU, Ranchi
CRIJAF, Barrackpore; UAS, Raichur; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; AAU,
Jorhat
Observations to be recorded in the format given below for objective 1
Centre Crop\
Existing Area
New Area
Hybrid
(Vill\Block\Tahasil\Dist\State)
(Vill\Block\Tahasil\Dist\State)
Seed Seed
Cost:
Other, Seed Seed
Cost:
Other,
Yield quality
Benefit if any yield quality
Benefit if any
(q\ha) parameter ratio
(q\ha) parameter ratio
Observations to be recorded for Objective 2:
1. Flowering and floral traits of parental lines
2. Seed setting (%)
3. Panicle exsertion (%)
4. Seed yield (q/ha)
5. Seed quality parameters
a. 1000 - seed weight
b. Germination (%)
c. Vigour index
6. Disease and insect pest infestations
7. Cost: Benefit (C: B) ratio
Note:

The probable locations/areas must be furnish information about meteorological
data (temperature, RH, sun shine hours) and also inoculum load in those areas
38
before initiating the experiment as those factors are considered to be crucial in
quality seed production.

The experiments may be conducted with a minimum of one location either in
farmers’ field or research stations in the area which is not a already existing
established seed production area

Seed will be procured by individual centres by themselves
Experiment 3
:
Studies on cutting management for seed yield and its seed
quality in Cenchrus ciliaris
Objective
:
To determine the possibility to increase the seed yield and its
various quality parameters through foliage cutting at different
days after days to sowing/effective regeneration of grass i.e.,
Cenchrus ciliaris.
Year of start
:
2010 - 11
Centres
:
Crop
:
CAZRI, Jodhpur and IGFRI, Jhansi (Seed will be sent by Dr.
Vijay, IGFRI, Jhansi to repective centres)
Cenchrus ciliaris.
Treatments: 12 (3x4)
(a) Genotype: Three latest one
(b) Cutting treatment: 4
(i) Control
(ii) Single cut at 30 days*
(iii) Single cut at 45 days*
(iv) Single cut at 50% flowering
* - Foliage cutting after days to sowing/effective regeneration of grass.
Design
Sub plot size
Main Plot
Seed rate
: Split plot design
: 4.5m x 4.0m (Gross), 6 rows of 4m length; 3m x 2.5m (Net)
: Genotypes, sub-plot: Cutting treatments
: 5 kg/ha
Observations to be recorded:
i. Plant height (cm) 10 tallest tillers at the start of seed collection
ii. No. of spikes/m row length
iii. Spike length (cm, 10 spikes)
iv. Seeds/ Spike (10 spikes)
v. 1000- seed weight (g)
vi. Seed germination (%)
vii. Seed purity (%)
viii. Pure germinated seed yield (PGSY)
ix. Dry matter (fodder) yield (q/ha)
39
Experiment 4
:
Standardization of isolation distance for hybrid seed
production of castor
Objective
:
1. To determine isolation distance for hybrid seed production in
castor
2. To verify isolation distance of male parent for foundation seed
production upto 300m
Year of start
:
2010-11
Crop
Centre
Castor (Hybrid GCH 2 or SDAU, SK Nagar & ARS, Ladol; DOR, Hyderabad
any suitable one)
(SDAU, SK Nagar is requested send the requisite seed sample to the above centres)
Treatment:
Contaminator
: JI 96
Parental Lines
: Male parent (JI 35) and Female parent (VP 1)
Isolation distances : 100, 150, 200, 250 and 300m
Directions
: North, South, East and West
Male parent JI 96 of castor having mogni stem colour being dominant genetic
marker will be planted in the center in a plot size of 25.2m x 25 with 90 cm inter row
spacing. Both green stem female parent (VP 1)and male parent (JI 35) of castor hybrid
GCH 2 (green stem) will be planted in the ratio of 3:1 in the plot size of 1.8 mx 6.0 m at
the interval of 50m from starting from 100 m from JI 96 upto 300m in all four directions
(NSEW). Care should be taken in laying out the experiment so that the plot at every 50m
interval would not be a barrier for next plot for pollen flow from JI 96. The random
samples will be collected from harvest of individual treatment in summer seasons in both
the seed lots. Rouging will be made in JI 96, VP 1and JI 35 before and after spike
initiations.
Observations to be recorded:
1. Flowering and pollen dispersal behaviour of male parent
From VP 1 samples
2. Off- type plants (%)
3. Selfed plants (%)
4. True type plants i.e GCH 2(%)
From JI 35 sample
5. Off- type plants (%)
6. True type plants i.e JI 35(%)
Seed will be supplied by SKDAU, Gujrat: Cost of seed may be reimbursed.
40
Experiment 5
:
AAU, Jorhat; CRRI, Cuttack; KAU, Pattambi; ANGRAU,
Hyderabad; TNAU, Coimbatore; UAS, Bengaluru; DRR,
Hyderabad; KKV, Dapoli; DSR, Mau; IGAU, Raipur;
PAJANCOA, Karaikal. (Parental lines of ruling hybrids of
respective centres or adjoining nearby centres may be used
for experimentation)
Objective
Objectives
Evaluation of SRI for enhanced seed yield and quality of
hybrid rice.
:
1. To evaluate the potential of SRI in rice seed production
2. To economise the cost of seed production
3. To compare the seed quality parameters in SRI vs
Conventional transplanting
Design
Replications
Plot size
:
:
:
Split plot design
3
50 sq m
Treatments :
(1) SRI
(2) Conventional method
Material: Parental lines of Suitable hybrid of the centres
Treatments are as shown in the table
Crop management practice for comparative evaluation of SRI and Best
management practice
Sl.No.
Practices
1
Nursery
2
Seedling age at
transplanting
Plant spacing
and density
3
4
Weed
management
SRI Method
Recommended
or
conventional method
Uniformly distributed 50 g/ 30 kg/ha in an area of 1000 m2
m2 organic manured raised and grown in flooded situation
bed (100 m2/ha) and
irrigated with rose can 3-4
times a day.
10-12 day old seedling
25-30 day old seedling
One seedling per hill was
transplanted in a square
pattern at a spacing of 25
cm x 25 cm quickly and
carefully after uprooting
Four weedings by conoweeder were performed at
10 x 20, 30 and 40 DAT to
41
Three seedlings per hill were
transplanted at a spacing of
20x10 cm
Hand and manual weeding
twice at 20 and 35 DAT
5
Water
management
6
Nutrient
management
incorporate weeds and
aerate the soil
Seedlings were transplanted Seedlings are transplanted 3-5
1-2 cm deep into a puddled cm deep into a puddled field
saturated field without any with 5-6 cm pounded water, and
standing water. During the water level was maintained
vegetative growth phase, during the vegetative stage.
plots were kept saturated After P I stage 2-3 cm of
(not flooded) and after standings water was kept on the
panicle initiation stage, 2-3 field and drained
15 days
cm of standing water was before harvest
maintained on the field and
drained 15 days before
harvest.
For both sets of methods, organic manure was applied at the
rate of 5 t/ha along with chemical fertilizers (urea, single super
phosphate and muriate potash at the recommended dose of N P
K of the location (Table-1). The entire amount P was applied
at the time of final land preparation, while N at 3 splits (50%
basal, 25% at vegetative stage and 25% at panicle initiation)
and K at 2 splits (75% at basal and 25% panicle initiation)
Observations:

Growth parameters such as Plant height, No. of tillers / m2, No. of effective
tillers/ m2 , Dry matter at flowering and harvest stage

Days to 50 % flowering

Yield attributes ( panicle length, no of grains per panicle, No. of filled grains per
panicle, No.of high density grains per panicle and single plant yield and also plot
yield





Grain and straw yield
Harvest Index
Economic evaluation
Seed quality parameters of harvested grain
Seedling characters of the seeds
Outputs:

Superior quality seed production

Cost effective seed production

Higher profitability of the seed production
42
New Experiments
Experiment 6
:
Hybrid seed production in Brinjal and Tomato under
protected conditions
Centre (s)
:
IARI, New Delhi, UAS, Dharwad, BHU, Varanasi
Objective
:
To standardize the hybrid seed production potential of Brinjal and
tomato under protected cultivation
Requirements:
- Seedlings will be raised in insect proof structures. The insect proof structure
will be naturally ventilated polyhouses or insect-proof net houses
- Male and female will be plated in blocks (4:1)
Hybrids:
Tomato
: Pusa Hybrid 4
Brinjal
: Pusa hybrid 5/ Pusa Hybrid 6/ Pusa Hybrid 8
Observations to be recorded:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
No. of flowers pollinated / plant
No. of fruits set
No. of seeds/ fruit
Seed yield /plant
Seed quality attributes
Experiment 7
:
Optimization of seed production technology in mungbean for
maximizing seed yield per unit area under North Indian
conditions
Centres
:
IARI, New Delhi, DSR, Mau, AAU, Jorhat, CAZRI, Jodhpur
Problems:
Summer spring season: Temperature and moisture stress
Kharif season: Higher incidence of weeds, insect-pests and diseases (Moongbean Yellow
Mosaic Virus, MYMV)
Varieties:
Pusa Vishal (IARI, New Delhi)
SML 668 (PAU, Ludhiana)
(Dr. BS Tomar, IARI, New Delhi to supply the seeds of these varieties)
Objectives:
1. Standardization of dates of sowing under Summer-spring and Kharif seasons
2. Optimization of seed rate and plant population under Summer-spring and Kharif
seasons
43
Observations:
1. Date of sowing
2. Days to flowering
3. No. of pods/plant
4. Pod length
5. Number of seeds/ pod
6. Days to maturity
7. Harvest index
8. Seed yield / plant
9. Seed yield/ unit area
10. 1000 seed weight
Experiment 8
:
Standardization of seed production of multi-cut forage
sorghum hybrids under north Indian conditions
Centres
:
IARI, New Delhi, GBPUAT, Pantnagar, DSR, Mau
(Seed will be supplied by Dr. M. Elangovan, Directorate of
Sorghum Research, Hyderabad)
Objective
:
Standardization of seed production technology and identifying
suitable planting window for multi-cut forage sorghum hybrids
Treatments:
Time of sowing
S1- 1st June
S2- 10th June
S3- 20th June
S4- 30th June
S5- 10th July
Variety
: Parental lines of hybrids CSH 20 MF and CSH 24 MF
Design of experiment
: RBD
No. of replications
: Three
Observations to be recorded
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Days to primordial initiation
Days to 50% flowering
Seed set %
Seed yield/plant
Seed quality attributes
Incidence of disease, pest and bird damage
Note:
i. A minimum of five random plants from each row of female parent are to be
observed for recording observations on seed set % and seed yield per plant
44
ii. All ecological parameters in relation to entire crop growth period will be
recorded
Planting Method:
1 Planting ratio parent each
side
2 Row length
3 Row to Row spacing (For
both female and male
parents)
4 Plant to plant spacing
5 Plot size
6 Total No. of treatments
: 6 rows of female parent surrounded by 2 rows of
male
: 5 meter
: 60 cm
: 15 cm (maintained after thinning)
: 5.0 m x 6.0 m = 30.0 sq m
: 10 (5 dates of sowing and two hybrids) in each
replication
All ecological pareameters in relation to entire crop growth period will be recorded
Experiment 9
Crops
: Standardization of alternate planting windows vis-s-vis
climate change
Centres
Hybrid Rice
: DRR, Hyderabad and CRRI, Cuttak
Hybrid Sunflower
: UAS, Bangalore, UAS, Raichur
Hybrid Sorghum
: ANGRAU, Hyderabad at Nandyal, DSR, Hyderabad UAS,
Raichur at Bellary
Hybrid Pearl Millet
: MPKV, Rahuri and UAS, Dharwad
Hybrid Maize
: DMR, Hyderabad and ANGRAU, Hyderabad
Hybrid Mustard
: IARI, New Delhi and NRC Rapeseed and Mustard, Barathpur
(Each centre will use their own ruling hybrids and parental lines)
Objective: To know appropriate planting window for synchronization of parental lines in
the changing climate scenario for hybrid seed production
Purpose: Climate change is real and it is necessary to identify appropriate planting
windows for getting maximum seed yield of hybrid rice.
Design of experiment
No. of replications
: RBD
: Three
Treatments:
Parental lines of hybrids (A, B and R lines)
45
Time of sowing:
- Fortnightly sowings across the year to identify planting window across either
side of optimum sowing dates or new planting windows
Observations to be recorded:
1. Days to first flowering
2. Days to 50% flowering
3. Days to completion of flowering
4. Time of anthesis
5. Duration of glume opening
6. Percent Stigma exsertion
7. Pollen viability
8. Seed set %
9. Seed yield/plant
10. Seed quality attributes
11. Incidence of disease, pest and bird damage
All ecological pareameters in relation to entire crop growth period will be recorded
Experiment 10
: Maximization of seed yield and quality seed production in
berseem
Objectives
: To develop a comprehensive package of practice for berseem seed
production
Year of Start
Rabi 2012-13
Centers
: IGFRI, Jhansi; JNKVV, Jabalpur; PAU, Ludhiana; MPKV, Rahuri;
CCSHAU, Hisar; GBPUAT, Panthnagar
Crops
: Berseem (Trifolium alexandrinum L.) (Dr. Vijay, IGFRI, Jhansi
will supply the requisite seed to all the centres)
Treatments: (16)
1. Varieties
a. Wardan
b. Locally superior variety
2. Date of sowing
a. Normal (15th Oct.)
b. Late (15th Jan.)
3. Cutting regimes:
a. 10 days before normal last cut
b. 10 days after normal last cut
4. Nutritional spray at reproductive satage
a. KNO3 @ 2%
b. Borax @ 100 ppm
Design: Factorial design
46
Replications: Three
Plot size: 3 X 4m
Row length: 3m, No. of rows: 10
Row to row spacing: 40 cm
Seed rate: 20kg/ha
Fertilizers: 20Kg N, 120Kg P2O5 and 150Kg K2O
Observations:
1. Plant height
2. Days to 50% Flowering (from cut date)
3. Days to maturity
4. No. of flowers/ inflorescence*
5. No. of seeds/ inflorescence*
6. Ovule to seed ratio = No. of seeds/ No. of flowers
7. Length of inflorescence*
8. 1000 seed weight
9. Seed yield (q/ha)
10. Seed germination
11. Seedling length (Root + Shoot )
12. Seed vigour index I = Seed germination (%) X Seedling length (cm)
*Mean of five inflorescences
Experiment 11
: Standardization of seed production technology to maximise
Seed yield in cluster bean
Objectives
: To enhance the productivity of quality seed in cluster bean
Year of Start
2012
: RAU, Durgapura
Centers
Treatments:
1. Improved cluster bean varieties (branching type) of normal maturity
2. Date of Sowing:
a. 1st of July
b. 10th of July
c. 20th of July
3. Crop geometry:
a. R x R= 30cm and P x P= 10cm
b. R x R= 45cm and P x P= 10cm
4. Plot size: 4.5 x 5 m2
47
5. Design: Split plot design
6. Replication: four
7. Fertilizer requirement: Recommended dose of NPK (20:40:0)
8. Micronutrient requirements:
a. S – 20 kg/ha
b. Zn – 20 kg/ha
c. Fe – 0.5 % spray at flowering
9. Seed treatments:
a. Seed soaking in Streptocycline (100ppm) / Agromycin (250ppm) solution
for 45 minutes
10. Weeding: Stomp (pre-emergence; 1.5kg/ha) + hand weeding as per requirement.
11. Bio-regulators: Spray of Thio-urea (500ppm) at vegetative and flowering stages.
12. Other disease and pest control: as per recommendation in the zone
a. Spray Blitox in standing crop @ 3g/l at the time of appearance of disease
13. Observation to be recorded:











Days to initiation of flowering
Plant height (cm)
No. of pods/cluster
No. of cluster/plant
Seed yield (q/ha)
Seed recovery (%)
Seed quality parameters
1000 seed weight (g)
Germination (%)
Major disease and insect pest infestation
Cost : Benefit ratio
48
List of participants
S.No.
Name
1.
Dr. Basave Gowda
2.
Dr. B.S. Ganigara
3.
Dr. N.K. Biradarpatil
4.
Dr. D. Khare
5.
Dr. S.K. Singh
6.
Dr. G.Y.Lokesh
7.
Dr. D.Vijay,
8.
Dr. Sunil S. Mahajan
9.
Dr. P.R. Choudhary
10.
Dr. M.S. Basu
11.
Dr. M. K. Kuchlan
12.
Dr. M.K. Karanwal
13.
Dr.A.S.Gautam
14.
Dr. Sunil M. Umate
15.
Dr. Jeetmal Dhakar
16.
Dr. Sudharshan Jain
Address
Seed Officer (Seed Tech.),
UAS, Raichur - 584 102 (Karnataka)
Asst. Professor,
Assistant Seed Production Specialist,
Seed Unit, UAS, Raichur - 584 102
Special Officer (Seeds)
Breeder Seed Production Unit
UAS, Dharwad - 580 005
Professor, STR Unit
Dept. of Pl. Breeding & Genetics,
JNKVV, Jabalpur 482004
Assistant Professor, STR Unit
Dept. of Pl. Breeding & Genetics,
JNKVV, Jabalpur 482004
Junior Breeder ,
Sunflower Seed Production Scheme,
Seed Unit, UAS, Raichur 584 102
Senior Scientist,
Division of Seed Technology,
IGFRI, Jhansi -284 003 (U.P)
Senior Scientist & Nodal Officer (NSP) Central Arid
Zone Research Institute,
Jodhpur - 342 003
Senior Scientist,
ICAR Head Quarters, Krishibhavan,
New Delhi
Ex ICAR Director
Scientist,
Directorate of Soybean Research, Khandawa Road,
Indore 452 001
Asst. Professor (Plant Breeding)
GBPUA& T, Pantnagar 263 145
Sr. Scientist (Agro.)
Seed Production Unit
HPKVV, Palampur 176 062
Junior Breeder
AICRP-NSP
MAU, Parbhani 431 402
Associate Professor
Agricultural University, Mechanized Agriculture
Farm, Ummedganj,
Kota (Rajasthan)
Scientist, RVSKVV, Gwaliar
49
17.
Dr. K.L. Dobariya
18.
Dr. H. J. Joshi
19.
Dr. K.K.Dhedhi
20.
Dr. M.R. Naik
21.
Dr. P.R. Khapre
22.
Shri. H.H. Bhadarge
23.
Dr. (Mrs.) Kanaka Durga
24.
Dr. I. Swarnalatha Devi
25.
Dr. Udhaya Bhaskar
26.
Dr. Prashanth Babu H.
27.
Dr. D.N. Chaudhari
28.
Dr. P. Ravi Shankar
29.
Dr. (Mrs.) M. S. Uma
30.
Dr. Zahoor Ahmad Dar
31.
Dr. A.K. Shinde
32.
Dr. U.C. Kalita,
Research Scientist (Groundnut)
Main Oilseeds Research Station
Junagadh Agricultural University
Junagadh – 362 001 (Gujarat)
Seed Research Officer
JAU, Jamnagar 361 006
Asst. Seed Res. Officer (Pl.Breeding)
JAU, Jamnagar 361 006
Nodal Officer, ICAR seed project
Navsari Agricultural University
Navsari - 396 450, Gujarat
Assoc. Director (Seeds)
MAU, Parbhani 431 402
Seed Research Officer
STR, Unit
MAU, Parbhani 431 402
Seed Research Officer
Seed Tech. Res. Unit,
ANGRAU Rajendranagar,
Hyderabad 500 030
Senior Scientist (Plant Breeding)
Seed Tech. Res. Unit,
ANGRAU, Rajendra Nagar,
Hyderabad 500030
Scientist (Seed Tech),
VPKAS, Almora 263 601
Dist. Nainital, Uttaranchal
Scientist,(Plant Breeding)
IARI, Reg. Station, Karnal 132 001
Research Scientist (Seed)
Deptt. of Seed Technology,
S.K. Nagar, Dantiwada385 506 (Gujarat)
Senior Scientist
Breeder Seed Production Unit,
National Seed Project
UAS, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065
Senior Scientist
Annual Oilseeds Sunflower
UAS, GKVK, Bangalore 560 065
Assitant Professor-BSP
SKUA&T, Shalimar,
Srinagar 191 121
Seed Officer
BSKKV, Dapoli 415 712
Distt. Ratnagiri
Pr. Scientist (Plant Breeding) STR Unit
50
33.
Dr. Prakash Borah
34.
Dr. K.C Muduli
35.
Dr. N.K. Rastogi
36.
Dr. P.K. Chandrakar
37.
Dr. R.S. Sain
38.
Dr. Ravi Kant
39.
Dr. Vijay R. Shelar
40.
Dr. C.B. Salunkhe
41.
Dr. I. Johnkutty
42.
Dr. Malarkodi
43.
Dr. H. S. Randhawa
44.
Dr. V.P. Sangwan
45.
Dr. C. L. Maurya
46.
Dr. Karan Husain
47.
Dr. R.K. Chowdhury
48.
Dr. R.K. Srivastava
49.
Dr. Rakesh Seth,
Assam Agril. University,
Jorhat 785 013
Pr. Scientist, BSP Unit
Assam Agril. University,
Jorhat 785 013
ASRO (Seed Breeding)
STR Unit, OUA&T
Bhubaneshwar 751 003
Asst. Breeder
National Seed Project
Dept. of Plant Breeding &Genetics
IGKVV, Raipur 492 012
I/c National Seed Project
Dept. of Plant Breeding & Genetics
IGKVV, Raipur 492 012
Associate Professor, STR
Agril. Res. Station, RAU
Durgapura 302 018 (Jaipur)
Jr. Scientist-cum-Asstt. Prof., BSP Unit, RAU, TCA,
Dholi 843 121
Seed Research Officer
STR, Unit
MPKV, Rahuri 413 722
Seed Production Officer
BSP, Unit
MPKV, Rahuri 413 722
Nodal Officer (NSP)
Regional Agriculture Research Station
KAU, Pattambi 679 306 (Kerala)
Assistant Professor (SST)
TNAU, Coimbatore 641 003
Sr. Plant Pathologist, DSST & I/c STR
PAU, Ludhiana 141 004
Senior Scientist
Dept. of Seed Technology,
CCS, HAU Hisar 125 004
Associate Professor, STR, Unit
CSUA&T, Kanpur 208 002
Nodal Officer (BSP)
CSAUA&T, Kanpur - 208 002
RAC, Member
DSR, Mau
NDUA&T, Kumarganj,
Faizabad - 224 229
Sr. Scientist,
IARI, Reg. Station, Karnal 132 001
51
50.
Dr. L.V. Subba Rao
51.
Dr. (Mrs). J.Shanthala
52.
Dr. S. Narayanswamy
53.
Dr. M. Elangovan,
54.
Dr. B.S. Tomar
55.
Dr. M.Bhaskaran
56.
Dr. S.R. Dhua
57.
Dr. T. Ramanadane,
58.
Dr. (Mrs.) R. Jerlin
59.
Dr. Rajiv K. Singh
Principal Scientist (Seed Tech.)
DRR, Rajendranagar,
Hyderabad 500 030
Asst. Seed Production Officer
BSP Unit, UAS, GKVK
Bangalore 560 065
Seed Research Officer
STR Unit, UAS, GKVK
Bangalore 560 065
Nodal Officer (Seeds)
Directorate of Sorghum Research
Rajendranagar
Hyderabad 500 030
Senior Scientist,
IARI, New delhi-110012
Special Officer (Seeds),
Seed Centre,
TNAU, Coimbatore-641 003
Principal Scientist,
Nodal officer (Seeds)
Central Rice Res. Instt.
Cuttack 753 006
Associate Professor (Seed Sci &Tech),
Dept. of Plant Breeding
PAJANCOA & RI
Karaikal 609 603
Associate Professor
Seed Centre,
TNAU, Coimbatore 641 003
Senior Scientist,
DSR, Mau
52
B. Seed Physiology, Storage & Testing
Chairman
:
Dr. (Mrs.) M.Dadlani, Jt. Dir. Res., IARI, N.Delhi.
Convener
:
Rappotuers
:
Dr. S.N. Sharma ,
PI(NSP), Prof & Head, ARS, Durgapura
Dr. (Ms.) Geeta Bassi, Plant Physiologist-Seed Tech, P.A.U.
Ludhiana
Dr Ravi Hunje,
Seed Production Officer, UAS Dharwad.
:
Recommendation
Hydro-priming improves the seed quality by restoring the membrane
permeability, it also initiates the activities of hydrolyzing enzymes at faster rate leading
to rapid and uniform seedling emergence and establishment in the field.
Experiment 1
:
Assessment of seed vigour tests for relative storability and field
performance.
Objective
:
Year of start
:
a) To standardize the methods of estimating seed vigour in field
crops.
b) To estimate the storability and field performance.
2010-2011
Crops
Centre
Hybrid Paddy
:
Hybrid Maize
:
Hybrid Sunflower :
Hybrid Cotton
:
OUAT, Bhubaneswar; PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal; JNKVV
Jabalpur; DSR, Mau; BCKV, Kalyani
DSR Mau; HPKVV Palampur; UAS Dharwad;RAU, Dholi;
NDUAT Faizabad; CSAUA&T Kanpur; HAU Hisar
UAS, Dharwad; UAS, Raichur; PAU, Ludhiana; ANGRAU,
Hydrabad.
MPKV, Rahuri; UAS, Dharwad; ANGRAU, Hydrabad; TNAU,
Coimbatore; PDKV, Akola
 Paddy hybrid seeds of different vigour levels will be supplied by Dr Rame Gowda
Special Officer UAS Banglore
 Maize hybrid seeds of different vigour levels will be supplied by Dr S.S.Verma
Prof Seed Sc & Technology, HAU, Hisar
 Seed of hybrid Sunflower of different vigour levels will be supplied by Dr Basave
Gowda, Special Officer UAS, Raichur. Hybrid Cotton: seed of different vigour
levels will be supplied by Dr S.N. Sharma PI ARS Durgapura.
53
Methodology
1. In each crop, 5 seed lots (having germination above MSCS & marginally below
MSCS) of one hybrid will be collected so that statistical analysis & correlation
studies be done.
2. After collection, the initial seed germination will be tested & reported to the receiving
centres by the seed supplying centre/s.
3. Minimum 500 g seed material of each seed lot per centre will be used.
Estimation of vigour will be done by
a) First count and final count (Germination test as per ISTA rules).
b) Electrical conductivity of seed leachate (25 seeds/50 ml water for cotton & maize
5 g seeds/50 ml water in rice. Soaking at 25°C for 17 h.
c) Seedling length (10 normal seedlings) (shoot and root length in cotton)
d) Seedling dry weight (10 normal seedlings)
e) AAT will be performed at 100% RH, 41°C for for 48, 96, 144 and 192 h or till
germination falls below 50% of the initial level.
f) Speed of germination (using slant method in paddy and cotton)
g) Establishment of transplants of 10-12 days old seedling (in rice only).
4. For cotton germination at elevated temperature i.e. 35 ± 1°C will also be tested in
addition to above tests.
5. Field emergence (%).
6. Germination will be tested at alternate months during ambient storage.
7. Observations on germination test after AAT (48, 96, 144 & 192 h) and storage
months will be correlated for objective (a) and on vigour parameters with field
emergence for objective (b).
Recording of RH and temperature data of seed godown is mandatory, whereas
centres working on dormancy shall also record meteorological data of the site.
Experiment 2 : Standardization of seed coating technology with synthetic
polymers and additives.
Year of start
: 2010-2011
Objective
: To standardize the seed coating protocol for enhancement of seed
quality during storage and in the field.
Hybrid Maize
: AAU Jorhat; DSR Mau; JNKVV Jabalpur; UAS Dharwad; UAS
Bangalore; PAU Ludhiana, UAS Raichur.
Coated seeds as per the treatments will be supplied timely by Dr Rame Gowda UAS
Banglore and seed weight before and after the treatment will be calculated and will be
communicated to the centres. The coating materials will be supplied by the PI
54
Hybrid Paddy: BCKV, Kalyani*; GBPAU &T, Pantnagar; NDUAT, Faizabad; OUAT,
Bhubaneswar; PAJANCOA& RI, Karaikal; ANGRAU, Hyderabad;
UAS, Raichur.
Coated seeds as per the treatments will be supplied by Dr Manjunath, Scientist,
IARI, New Delhi and seed weight before and after the treatment will be calculated
and will be communicated to the centres. The coating materials will be supplied by
the PI.
*Voluntary centre
Soybean : GBPAU &T, Pantnagar; UAS, Dharwad; RAU, Durgapura; MPKV, Rahuri;
PDKV, Akola; MPKV, Parbhani; JNKVV, Jabalpur; CSKHPKV, Palampur.
Hybrid sunflower: UAS, Dharwad; UAS, Raichur; PAU, Ludhiana; ANGRAU,
Hyderabad.
To avoid seed deterioration during transportation, all the centres will treat the
soybean and sunflower seed material at their own level. The coating materials will be
supplied by the PI
This experiment will be conducted jointly with the seed pathology.
Treatments:
T0 - Untreated control
T1 - Polymer coating (Polykote @ 3 ml/kg of seed (4 ml in case of Paddy), diluted
with 5 ml of water
T2 - Flowable thiram (Royal flow 40SC) @ 2.4 ml/kg
T3 - Polymer + Flowable thiram (Royal flow 40 SC) @ 2.4 ml/kg seed (T1 + T2)
T4 Vitavax 200* (containing Thiram 37.5% and Carboxil 37.5%) @ 2g/kg seed.
T5 - Polymer + Vitavax 200*(containing Thiram, 37.5% and Carboxil, 37.5%) @
2g/kg of seed.
The seed supplying centre will make sure to shade dry the coated seeds for 24 hours
at room temperature and bring moisture content to the recommended level before
packing and transporting to collaborative the centre. However, the receiving centre
should verify the seed moisture it is higher than the recommended (~10%), it should
be brought down to the desired level before initiating the experiment.
Replications: Three
Seed quality: 1 kg per treatment
Total seed requirement: 6x1x2x3 =36 kg/centre/crop
Packaging material: Two (gunny bags and HDPE interwoven non laminated bags)
The seed will be stored for 12 months and bi-monthly observations will be
recorded on the following parameters.
55
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Seed weight before and after the treatment and calculate per cent increase in seed
weight treatment-wise.
Germination (%) using slant method (first & final count)
Moisture content (%)
Field emergence (%)
Vigour index (Dry matter of 10 seedlings x G %)
Seed health status, fungal incidence and insect infestation (to be done by the
Pathology and entomology group)
Experiment 3
Objective
Year of Start
: Use of DNA polymorphism for characterization and assessment
of genetic purity in hybrids.
: a) To standardize the protocol for the DNA isolation.
b) To standardize PCR protocol for rapid assessment of genetic
purity of hybrids
c) To compare the reliability and cost of two techniques, marker
based analysis vis-à-vis GOT
d) To prepare DNA profile of crop varieties to be released by
respective centres.
: 2010-11
Crops
Centers
Hybrid Sunflower : UAS, Bangalore; UAS, Dharwad, TNAU, Coimbatore, DSR Mau.
(UAS, Bangalore will supply seeds along with the information of Markers to be
used.)
Hybrid Cotton : UAS, Dharwad; RAU, Durgapura; DSR, Mau; ANGRAU, Hyderabad;
MPKV, Rahuri; TNAU, Coimbatore and IARI N Delhi.
(MPKV, Rahuri, will supply seeds of Phule 388 along with their parental lines)
Seed of CSHH 198 and CSHH 238 along with their parental lines will be supplied by
PI. Information of Markers (to be used) will be provided by Dr Dhandapani DSR
Mau.
Hybrid Paddy :
UAS Bangalore; ANGRAU Hyderabad; DSR, Mau
DRRH 2 & DRRH 3 will be supplied by Dr Sudha Rani ANGRAU Hyderabad and
Dr Jerlin from TNAU, Coimbatore will provide information regarding markers to
be used.
Hybrid Maize :
ANGRAU, Hyderabad; DSR, Mau; IARI, N. Delhi, UAS, Banglore;
TNAU, Coimbatore
Methodology: Seed of hybrids and their parental lines available at the respective centres
will be subjected to electrophoresis/PCR analysis for identifying polymorphism among
the parental lines and hybrids. All the centres should conduct both laboratory and GOT
56
studies as mandatory. The same set of seed material will be used for conduct of
polymorphism in the lab and GOT by the respective centres. All the centres must
standardize the DNA marker protocol. Two dimensional (20x20) growth matrix must be
followed for variety characterization using molecular markers.
PCR analysis: Molecular markers such as RAPD, ISSR, SSR and SNP should be used.
Experiment 4
: Effect of Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field on seed quality
enhancement.
Objectives
: To observe the effectiveness of the Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field
Technology on seed quality.
Centres
: TNAU, Coimbatore; IARI, New Delhi, UAS, Dharwad and Madras
Institute of Magnetobiology (MIM) Chennai.
Crops
: Green gram, Maize, Rice varieries.
Two lots of seed (Fresh and revalidated seed)
Protocol: Two lots of different vigour levels will be used. Every lot will be subjected to
EMF exposure for standardization of EMF Frequency (Hertz). However other parameters
such as the intensity (nano Tesla-nT), Wave form and the duration of exposure will
remains the same as standardized by the Madras Institute of Magnetobiology.
PMF Protocol
Frequency
Intensity
Wave form
Duration
:
:
:
:
0.1Hz, 1.0Hz and 10.0 Hz
1500nT
Sine wave
5 hours a day for 15 days
Observations: Bimonthly data on Germination % till it falls 25% below MSCS level
Root Shoot length, Standard germination, Field emergence%, Root scanning, Root and
shoot dry weight, Seed Moisture%, Vigour Index I and Vigour Index II, Final plant stand
in the field m-2 and seed yield q/h).Pathological Studies will be taken by the TNAU and
IARI by the respective Seed Pathologists.
Experiment 5
: Induction of dormancy to arrest pre harvest sprouting in rice
hybrids and green gram varieties.
Objectives
: To identify the appropriate chemical, its dose and time of application
for induction of dormancy
Year of start
: 2012-13
Centre:
TNAU Coimbatore
Action
The varieties and hybrids will be decided by the centres and
57
communicated to the PI
UAS Bangalore
NDUAT Faizabad
ANGRAU Hyderabad
JNKVV Jabalpur
PAJANCOA & RI
Karaikal
PDKV, Akola
MPKV, Rahuri
-do-do-do-do-do-do-do-
Treatments: Two foliar spray of Malic Hydrazide during grain filling period
First at initiation and second after 20 days’ (rice) and 15 days (moongbean) interval
Concentration
: Control, 250 ppm, 500 ppm, 750 ppm and 1000 ppm
Plot size
:4x5m
Replications
: Four
Observations to be recorded:
For yield observations middle three rows will be used and seed yield will be
reported as kg/m2 and q/ha. After the harvest dry the seed material, record standard
germination and then stored in cloth bags. Following observations will be recorded at 5
days interval till the germination of both the control and treated seed declines 10% below
the seed standards. At each sampling date record following observation:
(i) Standard germination; (ii) Seed vigour I and II (%); (iii) Seedling dry wt.; (iv) Seed
moisture (%); (v) TZ test; (vi) Seed yield q ha-1
Experiment 7
: New technology for seed drying & storage using desiccants in
humid regions.
Objectives
: 1. To develop simple cost-effective and practical seed drying and
storage technique using water-absorbing desiccants.
2. To determine the effect of drying beads on seed quality during
storage.
Year of start
Crops
: 2012-13
Centres
Sunflower
: ANGRAU Hyderabad, UAS Bangalore, UAS Dharwad
Paddy
: TNAU, Coimbatore; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; AAU, Jorhat; UAS
Bangalore; PAU, Ludhiana
Initial Moisture Content: 10% (bring down moisture content using conventional seed
dryers.
Desired seed moisture content for the experiment: 4%
58
Replications: three
Seed Bead Ratio: 1: 0.35
Seed Quantity: I Kg/treatment
Total seed reqt for each crop: 12 kg
Total bead requirement for each crop/centre: 3.5 kg/ centre
Treatments :
1. Seeds stored in polythene bags (700 gauge)
2. Seeds stored in airtight containers
3. Seeds stored in airtight containers with silica gel
4. Seed stored in airtight containers with desiccant drying beads
Observations: Observations will be recorded at bimonthly interval on the following
quality parameters till the standard germination falls 10% below the
MSCS level:
1. Seed moisture content (%) (to be determined immediately after sampling)
2. Seed borne pathogen (%)
3. Stored insect infestation (%)
4. Standard Germination (%) (Test will be conducted after rehydrating the seeds for
about 6-8 days under ambient conditions)
5. Seedling length (cm)
6. Seedling dry weight (mg)
7. Vigour Index I and II
8. Field emergence (%)
Package kits will be provided by DSR Mau with required materials to be utilized in
the experiment. Each kit will include sealable airtight containers, Zeolite Beads,
porous containers for beads, metal containers with lids for regeneration of beads.
Zeolite bead regeneration protocols will be supplied by Dr. Keshavaulu, ANGRAU,
Hyderabad.
NOTE: A small amount of fresh silica gel (indicator) inside the container is needed to be
added to ensure the air tightness of containers. If the container is not air tight the silica
indicator will change its color within few days.
Freshly harvested seed should be used.
Transfer of Technology
Demonstration of priming technology through farmer’s participation
Year of Start: 2008-09
Objective: To assess farmer’s perception of the strengths and weaknesses of priming and
to know how priming benefits and interact with different conditions of crop establishment
used by average and poorly resource farmers.
59
Crop
:
Centre
Wheat
:
NDUA&T, Faizabad; RAU, Dholi; PAU, Ludhiana; GBPUA&T,
Pantnagar; SKUAST, Srinagar; HPKVV, Palampur; CCS HAU,
Hisar; CSAU&T, Kanpur
Paddy
:
DRR, Hyderabad; PAJANCOA, Karaikal; OUAT, Bhubaneswar;
DSR, Mau; AC & RI, Madurai; KAU, Pattambi
Pearlmillet
:
RAU, Durgapura; CCS HAU, Hisar; CAZRI, Jodhpur
Sorghum
:
ANGRAU, Hyderabad; UAS, Dharwad, MPKV, Rahuri
Mungbean
:
RAU, Dholi; JNKVV, Jabalpur; PDKV, Akola; AAU, Jorhat
Pigeonpea
:
MPKV, Rahuri ; PDKV, Akola ; MPKV, Parbhani ; UAS, Raichur
Chickpea
:
MPKV, Rahuri; JNKVV, Jabalpur; UAS, Raichur ; DSR, Mau
Treatments:
1. Unprimed
2. Hydropriming (16 -18 h for wheat, sorghum & paddy and 6-8 h for mungbean,
pearlmillet, chickpea & pigeonpea)
Area: 0.4 ha/ treatment (minimum). Larger plot size and more number of locations may
be taken depending upon the availability of land. Each year the target farmers & the
location may be changed.
Methodology: The hydropriming will be done in the ratio (seed: water = 1:1) w/v,
followed by Thiram dusting@0.25% 24 h before the sowing and seed material will be
dried to normal moisture content before planting. The planting will be done by the
traditional methods as followed by the farmers or by using seed drill wherever, facilities
are available. All other agronomic practices will remain same as followed by the farmers.
Seeds will be hydroprimed by the respective centre in presence of farmer at the
field. All field operations will be done at farmer’s field in supervision of the
concerned scientist.
Observations:
1. Final plant stand in 1 m2 area from four different random places in the field.
2. Final seed yield in terms of q ha-1.
60
List of Participants
S. No.
1
2
Name
Dr. (Mrs.) Malavika Dadlani
Dr. S.N. Sharma
Designation
Jt. Director, IARI
PI & Head, Durgapura, Jaipur
3
4
Dr. Bhaskaran
Dr. K.C. Dhiman
5
Dr. A.A. Khan
6
Dr. P.N. Nigam
SO(S), TNAU , Coimbatore
Scientist, Seed Tech., Dept of Seed Sci. &
Tech, CSKHPKVV, Palampur
Professor, Seed Tech., Dept of Seed Sci. &
Tech, CSAUAT, Kanpur
Asst. Seed Prod. Officer, CSAUAT, Kanpur
7
Dr. S.C. Vimal
Asst Seed Res. Officer, NDUAT Faizabad
8
Dr. A.K. Basu
9
Dr. B.B. Patro
10
Dr. S.K. Ransing
Professor, Seed Tech., Dept of Seed Sci. &
Tech, BCKV, Nadia
SRO, STR Unit, Dept of Seed Sci. & Tech,
OUAT Bhubaneshwar
Asst Seed Res. Officer, MPKV Rahuri
11
Dr. B.N. Motagi
Scientist, Seed Unit, UAS Dharwad
12
13
14
15
Dr. S.B. Patro
Dr. Vijay Kumar
Dr. Sudharani
Dr. T. Ramanadane
16
17
18
19
20
Dr. M.P. Rajora
Dr. Subrata Sharma
Dr. Akash Sarma
Dr. Omvati Verma
Dr .T. Leelapriya
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
Dr. P. Sindhumole
Dr. D.R. Rathod
Dr. Manjunath Prasad
Dr. S. S. Verma
Dr. Nethra N.
Dr. Rame Gowda
Dr. Dhandapani
Dr. T.N. Tewari
Dr. Geeta Bassi
30
Dr. Ravi Hunje
31
Dr. Arun Kumar MB
Asst. Professor, SST, UAS Raichur
Asst. Professor, SST, UAS Raichur
Scientist , SRTC, Hyderabad
Assoc. Professor, PAJANCOA & RI,
Karaikal, Pondicherry
Sr. Scientist, CAZRI , Jodhpur
Scientist, JNKVV Jabalpur
Pr. Sci., AAU Jorhat
Asst. Professor, GBPUAT Pantnagar
Head, Dept. of Agrisciences
Madras inst. of Magnetobiology, Chennai
Asst. Professor, RARS, KAU Kerala
Asst. Seed Res. Officer, PDKV Akola
Scientist, Div of Seed Sci. and Tech., IARI
Professor, CCSHAU Hisar
Asst Seed Res. Officer, UAS Bangalore
Special Officer, UAS Bangalore
Sci., DSR Mau
Sr Sci., DSR Mau
Seed Physiologist,
PAU Ludhiana
Seed Prod. Officer,
UAS Dharwad
Sr Sci., IARI,N.Delhi
32
Dr. R. Jerlin
33
Dr. K. Keshavulu
Asso. Professor,
TNAU Coimbatore
Head, DSST, ANGRAU
61
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C. Seed Pathology
Chairman
Convener
: Dr. R.C. Sharma
Dean, College of Horticulture YS Parmar Uty. Solan
: Dr. (Mrs.) Karuna Vishunavat, GBPUAT, Pantnagar
Recommendations
1. Among the biological seed treatments, seed treatment with Trichoderma viride +
Pl .fluroscens (1:1) @6g/kg was found most effective biological treatment for
management of seed rot and seedling blight in groundnut prior to sowing.
2. The safest seed infection level for Alternaria helianthii in sunflower is found to
be 5% as at this level of seed infection germination is maintained above MSCS
level (75%) with the significant reduction in seedling blight.
3. Based on the data for last 10 years, TNAU Coimbatore, SKUA&T Kashmir, and
AAU Jorhat reported these areas free from paddy bunt and therefore can be
exploited for bunt free seed production.
Observations
Burkholdaria glumae in paddy has been observed for the first time in var. PR113 at
GBPUA&T Pantnagar. The presence of the bacterium is observed in infected seeds (new
disease record).
Instructions:




All centres must submit their Annual report by 31 st January of the year through
mail and by post.
The data for carry over experiments (in progress) must be submitted further at the
termination of the experiment.
Centres must strictly follow datasheet.
Dr. Dinesh Singh Sr. Scientist, DSR,Mau would compile 10 years information on
experiments no. 1 and map out the areas for bunt free seed production and would
get the feedback by different centres by supplying the documents to different
centres to get additional information to make an authentic document which would
be in the form of publication involving participating centres and respective
scientists.
Request to PD, DSR, Mau:
Scientists may discuss for clarification on mail within 15 days of supply of technical
programme. All centres working on monitoring of seed borne diseases must be supplied /
sanctioned GIS/ GPS systems
62
Experiment 1A :
Monitoring and detection of rice bunt, false smut and BLB in
processed, unprocessed and farmer’s seed samples.
Year of start
:
2002 (concluding upto 2012) for 10 years observation but would
continue further.
Continued
:
2012-13
Centre
:
AAU, Anand; NDUAT, Faizabad; GBPUAT, Pantnagar; OUAT,
Bhubaneswar; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; PAU, Ludhiana; TNAU,
Coimbatore; JNKVV, Jabalpur; RAU, Dholi; MPKV, Rahuri;
MAU, Parbhani; AAU, Jorhat; SKUAT, Srinagar; CCS HAU,
Hissar; HPKV, Palampur
Experiment 1B. Monitoring of emerging new seed borne diseases of significance in
major crops.
Experiment 2: A. Studies on seed health status of farmers own saved seed.
Year of start: 2000
Continue: 2012-2013
A. Crop
Centre
: Wheat
: PAU, Ludhiana; HAU, Hisar; GBPUAT, Pantnagar; HPKV, Palampur;
SKRAU, Durgapura, DSR, Mau
B. Crop
Centre
: Soybean
: SKRAU, Durgapura; JNKVV, Jabalpur; MAU, Parbhani; MPKV, Rahuri
C. Crop
Centre
: Rice
: OUAT, Bhubaneswar; AAU, Jorhat; SKUAST, Srinagar; ANGRAU,
Hyderabad; TNAU, Coimbatore;
RAU, Dholi; PAJANCOA RI,
Puducherry, HPKVV, Palampur, NDUA&T Faizabad
D. Crop
Centre
: Groundnut
: AAU, Anand; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; RAU, Durgapura and JNKVV,
Jabalpur
E. Crop
Centre
: Chickpea
: MPKV, Rahuri ; MAU, Parbhani
Experiment 3
: Standardization of detection methods for seed borne pathogens
of significance.
Year of start
: 2008 continued
Centre
: AAU, Anand; NDUAT, Faizabad; GBPUAT, Pantnagar; OUAT,
Bhubaneswar; ANGRAU, Hyderabad; PAU, Ludhiana; TNAU,
Coimbatore; JNKVV, Jabalpur; MPKV, Rahuri; MAU, Parbhani;
AAU, Jorhat; SKUAT, Srinagar; CCS HAU, Hisar; SKRAU,
Rajasthan; IARI, New Delhi
63
Experiment 4
: Standardization of seed coating technique with synthetic
polymers and additives for seed quality enhancement. (Record
data as per data sheet)
Year of start
: 2008
Modified
: 2010-2011
The experiment will be conducted in collaboration with Seed Physiology
group. The treated seeds will be supplied by Seed Physiologists and seeds health
standards must be recorded appropriately and will be communicated to PI Seed
Pathology.
Crop
Maize
Hybrid rice
Soybean
Centre
DSR, Mau; AAU, Jorhat; JNKVV, Jabalpur; PAU, Ludhaina
GBPUA&T, Pantnagar; NDUAT, Faizabad; ANGRAU, Hyderabad;
OUA&T, Bhubaneswar
GBPUA&T, Pantnagar; RAU, Durgapura; JNKVV, Jabalpur; HPKVV,
Palampur
Experiment 5
: Detection, transmission and management of Alternaria carthemii
associated with safflower seeds.
Centres
: JNKVV, Jabalpur; MAU, Parbhani and MPKVV, Rahuri
Experiment 6
: Shelf life of fungal bio- agents in treated seeds during storage
Crop
: Urdbean
Year of start
: 2010, continued
Centres
: TNAU, Coimbatore; CRRI Cuttack; JNKVV, Jabalpur; OUAT,
Bhubaneswar; MPKV, Rahuri; MAU, Parbhani
Experiment 7
: Standardization of biopriming for seed borne pathogens of
significance.
Year of start
: 2010, title modified 2011
Crop
Pearl millet
Maize
Centres
: MAU, Parbhani; AAU, Anand; SKRAU, Durgapura
: TNAU, Coimbatore; OUAT, Bhubaneswar
Experiment 8
: Effect of carbondioxide (CO2) treatment on the management of
seed borne pathogens under ambient conditions. (In
collaboration with seed entomologists)
Year of start
: 2010-2011- continued
64
Crop (Seed)
Centre
Wheat
: SKRAU, Durgapura; MPKV, Rahuri
Paddy
: ANGRAU, Hyderabad
Pulse (Green Gram/ Black gram/ Red : TNAU, Coimbatore; OUAT, Bhubaneswar
gram)
Experiment 9: Correlation of various levels of seed infection by important seed-borne
fungi on seed germination in various crops like paddy, soybean,
groundnut, castor, sesame, pearl millet etc (popularly grown crops and
diseases of the region), data sheet will be supplied by PI Seed
Pathology.
All centres except Jorhat
Experiment 10 : Effect of PEMF (Pulsed Electro Magnetic Field) on seed health
standards in different crops (collaboration with physiology
group)
Year of start
: 2012-2013
Centres
: TNAU, Coimbatore and IARI New Delhi
Crop
: Paddy and Sunflower
Experiment 11 : Management of seed-borne infecton of Colletotrichum capsaci in
chilli, Alternaria porri in Onion and A. solani in Tomato by way
of biological seed treatment
Centres
: GBPUA&T, Pantnagar; SKUA&T, Shrinagar; HPKVV, Palampur
Voluntary centre:
Experiment
: Identification and management of toxin producing seed borne
pathogens in rice.
Year of Start
: 2010 continued
Centre
: CRRI Cuttack
Additional Programmes for Lead centre
ANGRAU, Hyderabad
Experiment 1. Detection, transmission and management of Alternaria carthemi
associated with safflower seeds and to develop the molecular tools
for the study of variability in the fungus.
Year of start : 2008 modified in 2012
65
MPKV Rahuri
Experiment 1. To test the efficacy of bio- control agents against different seed borne
pathogens in sesame, cowpea, and wheat
Year of start: 2010, modified in 2011, continued
OUAT Bhubaneswar
(Lead centre for seed borne bacterial pathogens)
Experiment 1: Characterization and identification of bacterial strains of Xanthomonas
oryzae through morphological,physiological and biochemical methods in
rice.
Year of start : 2009, continued
AAU Anand
(Lead centre for seed borne viral diseases)
Experiment 1. Monitoring of seed borne viruses of peanut, pulses and soybean
Experiment 2. Detection of seed borne viruses through biological and serological
techniques.
Experiment 3. Survey and monitoring for cumin blight: A seed borne disease.
66
D. Seed Entomology
Chairman
: Dr. P. K. Borad, HOD, Agrl. Ent. AAU, Anand
Convener
: Dr. Amit Bera, CRIJAF, Barrackpore
Recommendations:
1. Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 40.0 mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.), Spinosad 45 SC @ 4.4
mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.), followed by Flubendiamide 480 SC @ 4.2 mg/kg seed (2
ppm a.i.), Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 13.8 mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.) and Thiodicarb 75WP
@ 2.7 mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.) as seed protectant provide effective management of
storage insects infesting cereals (wheat, pearl millet, paddy, maize and sorghum) seeds
under different agro-climatic conditions except coastal regions without impairing seed
germination for period of 6-9 months.
2. Emamectin benzoate 5SG @ 40.0 mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.), Spinosad 45 SC @ 4.4
mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.), followed by Indoxacarb 14.5 SC @ 13.8 mg/kg seed (2 ppm
a.i.), Thiodicarb 75WP @ 2.7 mg/ kg seed (2 ppm a.i.) and Flubendiamide 480 SC @
4.2 mg/kg seed (2 ppm a.i.) as seed protectant provide effective management of
storage insects infesting pulses (pigeon pea, cowpea, green gram, black gram, field
pea and chickpea) seeds under different agro-climatic conditions except coastal
regions without impairing seed germination for period of 9-12 months.
3. Seed treatment with diatomaceous earth @ 5g /kg in combination with desiccant
(MgSO4) @5g/kg seed can provide effective control against insect pests of wheat,
paddy, sorghum, pearl millet without affecting seed viability up to one season except
in coastal regions.
New Experiment 1: Studies on the effect of insecticidal seed treatment on seed
viability during storage under ambient condition.
Objectives:
 To evaluate newer molecules against major storage insect-pests damaging seeds.
 Study of the storability of treated seeds.
Year of start: 2012
Crop
Wheat
Maize
Pearlmillet
Paddy
Pigeonpea
Centre
RAU, Durgapura; NDUAT, Faizabad; DSR, Mau
TNAU, Coimbatore; UAS, Bangalore
JAU, Jamnagar; MPKV, Rahuri
OUAT, Bhubaneswar; AAU, Jorhat; NDUAT, Faizabad; ANGRAU,
Hyderabad
NDUAT, Faizabad; UAS, Raichur
67
Cowpea
Mungbean
Chickpea
Black gram
Field pea
UAS, Bangalore
RAU, Durgapura; OUA&T, Bhubaneswar; MPKV, Rahuri
ANGRAU, Hyderabad; JAU, Jamnagar; UAS, Raichur
TNAU, Coimbatore
CSAUAT, Kanpur
Treatment:
A.
Chemical
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
B.
Emamectin benzoate (Proclaim 5 SG) @ 2 ppm (40.0 mg/kg seed)
Spinosad (Tracer 45 SC) @ 2 ppm (4.4 mg/kg seed)
Indoxacarb (Avaunt 14.5 SC) @ 2 ppm (13.8 mg/kg seed)
Rynaxypyr (Coragen 20 SC) @2ppm (0.01ml/kg seed)
Chlorfenapyr (Intrepid 10 EC)@2ppm (0.02ml/kg seed)
Novaluron (Rimon 10 EC) @2ppm (0.02ml/kg seed)
Novaluron (Rimon 10 EC) @ 5ppm (0.05ml/kg seed
Deltamethrin 2. 8 EC @ 1.0 ppm (0.04 ml/kg seed)
Untreated control
Packaging Material: Gunny bag-lets of 2 kg capacity
Replications: 3
Design: CRD
Method: One kg of freshly harvested certified seed with very high percentage of
germination and low moisture content (<10%) will be taken for each treatment.
Required quantity of pesticides will be diluted in 5 ml water to treat 1 kg of seed
for proper coating. After drying in shade, seeds will be packed and kept in
room under ambient temperature. The temperature and relative humidity of the
room will be recorded on standard weekly basis.
Observations:
Residual toxicity: Take out 100 g of treated seed, release 10 adult insects
Rhizopertha dominica or Callosobruchus chinensis depending upon the crop and record
mortality after 3,7 and 15 days and thereafter, every 3 months for a total period of 12
months or loss of germination below IMSCS, whichever is early.
Observation to be recorded
 Seed germination, seed moisture
 Insect infestation (% kernel damage and types of insect)
 Presence / Absence of insects (live and dead)
68
New Experiment-2: Evaluation of packaging material and methodology to store seed
in coastal region
Objectives:
1. To study the compatibility of different packaging material with different
insecticide treatments
2. To evaluate newer molecules against major storage insect-pests damaging seeds
Year of Start: 2013
Crop
Centre
Paddy
Treatments
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
OUAT, Bhubaneswar; PAJANCOA, Karaikal
Flubendiamide (Fame 480 SC) @ 2 ppm (4.2 mg/ kg seed)
Emamectin benzoate (Proclaim 5SG) @ 2 ppm (40.0 mg/kg seed)
Spinosad (Tracer 45 SC) @ 2 ppm (4.4 mg/kg seed)
Deltamethrin 2.8 EC @ 1.0 ppm (0.04ml /kg seed)
Untreated control
Packaging Material
M1- Super grain bags
M2 -HDPE bags (pervious)
M3 -Gunny bags
Replication: 3
Design: Factorial CRD
Method: One kg of freshly harvested certified seed with very high percentage of
germination and low moisture content (<10%) will be taken for each treatment. Required
quantity of pesticides will be diluted in 5 ml water to treat 1 kg of seed for proper
coating. After drying in shade (8% MC for groundnut and 10% MC for others), seeds will
be packed and kept in room under ambient condition. Temperature and relative humidity
of the room will be recorded weekly.
Observations: Every three months for a total period of 12 months or loss of germination
below IMSCS whichever is early.
a. Seed germination
b. Seed moisture
c. Natural insect infestation in percentage
Experiment 3: Survey and evaluation of seed health status of farmer's saved seed
with respect to inset infestation (to be combined with pathology /
storage).
(A portion of the sample should be taken from pathology/physiology group for
detecting insect damage in seed, type of insect infesting seed as being done earlier under
the experiment. Farmer’s practice to store/protect seed should also be recorded. The
69
result will be compiled and send to the PI for onward transmission to the PI (Seed
Physiology) for presentation in the workshop.
Objectives:
 To know the type and level of infestation by insects under storage condition.
 Impact of insect infestation on seed quality
 Farmer's practice, if any, to store / protect seeds from insect damage.
Year of Start: 2006
All NSP centers including voluntary centers will do the experiment
Methodology: About 500 g of seeds of crop/ variety will be collected from farmers /
seed producers before sowing on payment or gratis. Each centre should collect seed
samples of three major crops of that area and minimum 100 samples from each crop
should be collected. While collecting seed a questionnaire will also be filled to know crop
/ variety, period and conditions of storage, treatments, if any, source of seed, if it is not
farmers - saved one. Proforma for survey and data collection will be provided by UAS,
Bangalore centre. The following observations are to be recorded.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Storage period
Seed moisture content (%)
Live insect, its species
Damage in 400 seeds including internal infestation
Germination (%)
Vigour test
Experiment 4: Quality seed production through insect pollination
Objectives:
 Collection, identification and temporal abundance of important insect pollinators.
 Evaluation of seed quality of insect and self pollinated products from different
crops.
Date of Start: 2010
Crop
Sunflower
Pigeonpea
Mustard
Sesamum
Centre
MPKV, Rahuri
UAS, Bangalore
ANGRAU, Hyderabad; NDUAT, Faizabad
TNAU, Coimbatore ; OUAT, Bhubaneswar
Treatments: Entomophilous crop will be grown in 1000 sq. m or more area following
recommended cultural practice.
70
T1
T2
T3
Five random plots of 3m x 2m will be covered with insect–proof net cages
measuring (length =5m, width=2m) at bud stage to exclude insect's visit to flower
in order to get self pollinated (SP) seeds.
Similarly, there will be five random plots of same size to serve as open pollinated
(OP) seed.
And there will be five random plots of same size with partially caged with insect
proof nets with 8-frame honey bee colony to serve as bee pollinated (BP) seed.
The following observations are to be recorded:
Observations:
a)
Bee visits on 10 plants in FN (9-10 AM) and AN (3-4 PM)
b)
Percent seed set and yield under each conditions.
c)
Assessment of seed quality
i. Seed germination
ii. Seed vigour
iii. Oil content in case of oil seeds
iv. Deterioration evaluation through accelerated aging.
d)
Record of weather condition particularly air temperature, humidity and
sunshine prevailing during flowering period of the crop.
However, GOT test should also be performed and reported with other observation.
Experiment 5a. Effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) treatment on the control of storage
insect pests and the seed quality attributes under ambient
conditions.
Year of start: 2010
Objectives:
 To assess the effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) treatment on the mortality/survival
of storage insect pest under ambient conditions.
 To monitor effect of carbon dioxide (CO2) treatment on seed quality attributes
particularly seed viability and vigour after 3, 6 and 9 months of storage under
carbon dioxide (CO2) atmosphere.
Crop seed
Wheat
Paddy
Greengram
Pigeon pea
Groundnut
Chickpea
Centre
RAU, Durgapura (Trogoderma); NDUAT, Faizabad (Sitophilus)
ANGRAU Hyderabad (Sitotroga),
TNAU, Coimbarore (Callosobruchus); OUAT, Bhubaneswar
NDUAT, Faizabad (Callosobruchus); ANGRAU, Hyderabad
UAS, Bangalore (Carryedon), TNAU, Coimbatore
MPKV, Rahuri, NDUAT, Faizabad
71
Treatment:
A. Treatment:
T1
T2
T3
T4
Normal air treatment (untreated control)
Carbon dioxide (CO2) @ 30% of the volume
Carbon dioxide (CO2) @ 40% of the volume
Carbon dioxide (CO2) @ 50% of the volume
B. Exposure period (P) in months:
P1
P2
P3
P4
03
06
09
12
Replication: 3
Design: FCRD
Materials
1. 48 air tight plastic containers with provision for air/gas inlet/outlets;
2. Carbon dioxide (CO2) gas cylinder with metering device;
3. CO2 / O2 measuring device.
Methods:
 Seed of a popular crop variety with high germination and free from insect infestation
(fumigate prior to use to ensure complete kill of field infestation, if any) should be
used in the experiment. Fabricate or purchase airtight plastic containers of 1 kg
capacity with rubber septa on its lid to insert syringe to remove air and add (CO2) in
proportion to give-desired level of concentration in the containers by flushing method
with an inlet and an outlet which will be sealed after release of CO2.
Fill 500 g of seed in each container and put 10 pairs of test insects. (Release test
insects 10 days prior to treatment to create uniform level of infestation in all containers).
To create a particular concentration (%v/v) for each treatment, calculated volume of CO2
is injected by opening the inlet for specified time. Turn the containers twice upside down
to mix intra-granular gases with CO2 thoroughly. After completion of treatment check the
concentration of CO2 with the metering device. Also check the concentration periodically
to confirm leakage, if any and to plug it. Normally a properly airtight container retains
desired concentration of the gas. The temperature and RH will be recorded on weekly
basis.
Observations to be recorded at the end of each storage period




Percent damaged seed (insect infestation).
Germination of undamaged seed
Seed moisture content
Number of live/dead insects in the representative sample
72
Experiment 5b. Designing of large capacity storage bin for CO2 treatment for
management of insect pests of stored seeds
Objective:
 To design large container to treat CO2 for management of pests of stored seeds
Year of start: 2010
Crop seed
Pulse (Green gram or black gram or red gram)
Paddy
Centre
TNAU, Coimbatore
UAS, Bangalore
The methodology and design of storage bin will be standardized for treating
stored paddy / pulse seeds. Required quantity of seeds will be taken and artificially
infested with 100 pairs of lesser grain borer (in paddy) and pulse beetle (in pulses) 10
days prior to experimentation and then treated with 0 and 50% CO2 (in two separate
containers) and the percent seed damage due to insect, insect population (live and dead
adults in 100g sample), seed germination and moisture will be recorded at 3, 6 and 9
months after treatment. The level of CO2 in the containers will be assessed periodically.
The temperature and RH of storage room will be recorded on weekly basis.
TNAU, Coimbatore and UAS, Bangalore centre shall design the container for
storing 100 kg of seed in collaboration with design engineer. After the designing of the
container, the concerned centres will explore for the efficacy of CO2. RAU, Durgapura
centre shall evaluate after obtaining the containers from either of the above mentioned
two centres by paying necessary payment towards the cost of container
Experiment 6: Efficacy of new insecticides as fabric treatment for management of
cross infestation of insect pests of stored seeds
Year of start- 2010
Objectives:
 To evaluate newer molecules as fabric treatment against cross infestation of major
storage insect-pests damaging seeds.
 Study of the storability of seeds in treated bags.
Year of start: 2010
Crop
Centre
Wheat
CSAUAT, Kanpur; DSR Mau; RAU, Durgapura; JAU, Jamnagar;
PDKV, Akola
Maize
AAU, Jorhat; UAS, Bangalore
Sorghum
TNAU, Coimbatore
Paddy
OUAT, Bhubaneswar; NDUAT, Faizabad; PAJANCOA&RI, Karaikal
Pigeonpea ANGRAU Hyderabad
Chickpea
MPKV, Rahuri; JAU, Jamnagar,
Mungbean RAU, Durgapura; OUAT, Bhubaneswar
Groundnut JAU, Jamnagar; UAS, Bangalore
73
Treatment:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Flubendiamide 100 ppm ai (Fame 480 SC – 0.2ml /litre)
Emamectin benzoate 100 ppm ai (Proclaim 5SG – 2g /litre)
Spinosad 100 ppm ai (Tracer 45 SC - 0.2ml /litre)
Deltamethrin 100 ppm ai (Decis 2. 8 EC - 3.5ml /litre)
Untreated control
Packing material:
1. Gunny baglet of 2 kg capacity
2. Porous HDPE bags of 2 kg capacity
3. Cloth bags of 2 kg capacity
Replications: 3
Design: FCRD
Methodology: one kg of freshly harvested certified seed with high percentage of
germination and low moisture content (below 10 %) will be taken and fumigated or kept
in minus 20ºC for 24h prior to use to ensure complete kill of field infestation, if any.
Prepare insecticidal solution of given concentration and spray on the packaging material
with 7.5ml spray fluid for a bag of 30 x 40 cm dimension. After shade drying the bags,
seeds will be filled and kept in laboratory under ambient condition. Temperature and RH
will be recorded on weekly basis.
Observations: Every three months for a total period of 12 months or loss of germination
below/MSCS which ever is early
a. Seed germination
b. Seed moisture
c. Natural insect infestation in percentage
d. Presence / Absence of insects (live and dead)
Experiment-7: Effect of interval of insecticidal application on storability of seed
under ambient condition.
Year of start: 2011-12
Objectives:
 To evaluate the integration effect of seed treatment as well as fabric treatments
against infestation of major storage insect-pests damaging seeds.
 To standardize the interval of treatment application for effective storage.
Crop
Wheat
Maize
Paddy
Pigeonpea
Mungbean
Centre
DSR Mau; RAU, Durgapura; JAU, Jamnagar; NDUAT, Faizabad;
UAS, Bangalore; ANGRAU, Hyderabad
TNAU, Coimbatore; OUAT, Bhubaneswar; AAU, Jorhat
PAJANCOA&RI, Karaikal
ANGRAU, Hyderabad; UAS, Bangalore; NDUAT, Faizabad;
MPKV, Rahuri; JAU, Jamnagar; TNAU, Coimbatore;
74
Treatment:
T1
T2
T3
T4
T5
T6
T7
T8
T9
T10
T11
T12
T13
T14
T15
T16
= Seed treatment with Emamectin benzoate (Proclaim 5SG) @ 2 ppm
(40.0 mg/kg seed)
= T1+Fabric treatment with Emamectin benzoate 100 ppm ai (Proclaim
5SG – 2g /litre) after two months of seed treatment
= T1+ Fabric treatment with Emamectin benzoate 100 ppm ai (Proclaim
5SG – 2g /litre) after four months of seed treatment
= T1+Fabric treatment with Emamectin benzoate 100 ppm ai (Proclaim
5SG – 2g /litre) after six months of seed treatment
= T1+Fabric treatment with Emamectin benzoate 100 ppm ai (Proclaim
5SG – 2g /litre) after eight months of seed treatment
= T1+T2+T3
= T1+T2+T4
= T1+T2+T5
= T1+T3+T4
= T1+T4+T5
= T1+T2+T3+T4
= T1+T2+T3+T5
= T1+ T3+T4+T5
= T1+T2+T4+T5
= T1+T2+T3+T4+T5
= Untreated control
Packing material: Porous HDPE bags of 2 kg capacity
Replications: 2
Design: CRD
Methodology: One kg of freshly harvested certified seed with very high percentage of
germination and low moisture content (<10%) will be taken for each treatment. Required
quantity of pesticides will be diluted in 5 ml water to treat 1 kg of seed for proper
coating. After drying in shade, seeds will be packed and kept in room under ambient
temperature. The temperature and relative humidity of the room will be recorded on
standard weekly basis.
Fabric treatments will be done as per treatment schedule. For fabric treatment
Prepare insecticidal solution of given concentration and spray on the packaging material
with 7.5 ml spray fluid for a bag of 30 x 40 cm dimension.
Observations: Following observations will be recorded prior to each fabric treatment (at
2 months interval) or loss of germination below/MSCS whichever is early
1. Seed germination
2. Seed moisture
3. Natural insect infestation in percentage
4. Presence / Absence of insects (live and dead)
75
Proceedings of the meeting held at AAU, Anand on 15th April, 2012 to finalize
technical programme of Seed Entomology for the year 2012-13.
 Dr. A. Bera, PI, Seed Entomology convened the session with a warm welcome to
the Chairman, Dr. P. K. Borad, Professor & Head, Department of Entomology,
AAU, Anand. Dr. Y. H. Ghelani, ASRO, JAU, Jamnagar acted as rapporteur.
Thirteen seed entomologists from different centres participated.
 Experiment No. 1 on use of insecticides for seed treatment, initiated in 2009 is
concluded.
 Experiment No. 2 on use of inert dusts is also concluded.
 Experiment No. 3 on survey of seed health status will be continued in its existing
format.
 Experiment No. 4 on “Quality seed production through insect pollination”
initiated in 2009 will be continued in its existing format.
 Experiment No. 5.a on effect of CO2 treatment on the mortality/survival of storage
insect pests will be continued in its existing format with addition of few centres
and on new crop (Chickpea).
 Experiment No. 5.b on designing of large storage bin for CO2 treatment for
management of insect pest of stored seeds will be continued in its existing format.
 Experiment no. 6 on efficacy of new insecticides as fabric treatment for
management of cross infestation of insect pests of stored seeds will be continued
in its existing format.
 Experiment no. 7 on effect of interval of insecticidal application on storability of
seed under ambient condition.
Dr. Rajendra Prasad, PD, DSR, Mau emphasized on timely submission of data to
PI before 31st January. He also instructed all the centres to conduct research with strict
adherence to technical programme.
The meeting ended with thanks to the delegates.
76
List of Participants
S.No
Name
Designation
Address
1.
Dr. P. K. Borad
Professor &
Head,
Department of
Entomology, AAU,
Anand.
2.
Dr. A. Bera
PI, Seed Ento.
CRIJAF, Barrackpore
3.
Dr. A. N. Singh
Senior Scientist
DSR, Mau
4.
Dr. R.K. Pandey
ASRO (Ent.)
5.
Dr. Y.H. Ghelani
ASRO (Ent)
6.
Dr. G.T.
Thirumalaraju
Professor (Agrl.
Ento.)
7.
Dr. P.K. Behera
8
Dr. S.S. Bareth
Associate
Professor, Seed
Entomology
ASRO, STR
Seed Tech Unit
NDUAT, Faizabad, 224229
STR Unit, Pearl Millet Res.
Station, JAU Jamnagar361006, Gujarat
AICRP on Seed Technology,
NSP, GKVK, UAS
Bangalore-560065
Karnataka
STR NSP (Crops) Dept. of
SST, OUAT,
Bhubaneswar-751003,
ARS Durgapura Jaipur
9.
Dr.Mathura Mohan
Goswami
Senior Scientist
STR, AAU, Jorhat, 785013,
Assam
10.
Dr. M.
Muthuswami
Seed Centre TNAU,
Coimbatore
11.
Dr. U. K. Kadam
Assoc. Prof.
Agril. Ento.
ASRO, STR
12.
Mr. S. B. Bellad
Asst. Professor
UAS, Raichur
13.
Mr. Prashant S.M. Asst. Seed
14.
Dr. V. Bharathi
Production
Specialist
Seed Pathologist
MPKV, Rahuri
UAS, Raichur
ANGRAU, Hyderabad
77
Telephone No. & Email.
address
0919426508347
Pkb5458@yahoo.com
09732709874
amitbera.iari@gmail.com
09450725652
arvindnathsingh@gmail.com
05270-262533, 08795885292
pandeyrohit50@yahoo.com
0288-2711793, 098981 41556
yhghelani@rediffmail.com
09845607212
gtr1958@indiatimes.com
Email:
pradeepbehera2010@yahoo.com
Mobile : 09861231665
09784628551
sns_str2001@yahoo.com
094351 83919
mathura.goswami@rediffmail.co
m
Mobile 09442616133
mms3@tnau.ac.in
09273531557
kadamuk2010@ rediffmail.com
09448305359
belladstech@gmail.com
09535099680
prashusm@gmail.com
bharathiv@yahoo.com
09440980049
E. Seed Processing
Chairman
:
Dr. D. C. Joshi, Dean, Agrl. Product Processing & Bio-energy
Convener
:
Dr. R.T. Kausal, PDKV, Akola
Recommendation
-
Experiment 1
Nil
: Optimum sieve size and type of screen for grading seeds of
different crop varieties and hybrids including their parents.
Objective
To standardize the sieve size and type of screen for grading seeds of
different crop varieties and hybrids including their parents.
NSP centre
PDKV, Akola
UAS, Bangalore
UAS, Dharwad
TNAU, Coimbatore
HPKV, Palampur
CSAUT, Kanpur
MPKV, Rahuri
SDAU, SKNagar
UAS, Raichur
CCSHAU, Hissar
AAU, Anand
Crop
Chickpea, Pigeon pea, Paddy
Sunflower, Redgram, Paddy
Soybean, Pigeon pea, Sorghum (Rabi)
Paddy, Blackgram
Wehat, Mustard, Peas
Wheat
Sorghum (Rabi), Chickpea, Pearl millet
Wheat, Greengram, Mustard
Pigeonpea, Soybean
Wheat, Greengram
Wheat, Paddy, Greengram
Treatments:
1. Crop
:
2. Sieve sizes :
As above
1. Top sieve: (as per MSCS)
2. Grading sieve:
i) Recommended sieve (as per MSCS)
ii) Two sieves above the recommended sieve
iii) Two sieves below the recommended sieve
Procedure:
Unprocessed seed of the each crop variety will be procured from reliable source.
Recommended size of top and bottom sieve will be used along with one or two sieve of
above size and one or two sieve of below the size of recommended grading sieve. Seed
material retained over each grading will be tested for observation on seed quality. Use a
two-screen air cleaner-cum-grader. Consider the material riding over the grading screen
as product and that sinking through as reject. Brief description of the machine or
experimental set-up has to be reported.
78
Observations
1. Recovery and rejection (%)
2. Seed size : Length, breadth and thickness (mm)
3. Germination (%)
4. Vigor index
5. Physical purity (%)
6. 1000/100-seed weight (g)
7. Moisture content (%)
8. Mechanical damage (%)
Experiment 2
Objective
: Management of mechanical damage at harvesting and threshing
: To study the management of mechanical damage due to different
harvesting and threshing methods.
NSP Center
TNAU, Coimbatore
PDKV, Akola
CSK HPKV, Palampur
AAU, Anand
UAS, Raichur
Crop
Paddy
Chickpea, Soybean, Paddy
Soybean
Paddy
Soybean
Harvesting Methods:
1. Traditional method
2. Mechanical methods
Procedure:
The crop will be harvested by different methods i.e traditional and by mechanical.
The crop will be threshed by multi-crop thresher at 700 rpm in case of manually
harvested / threshed seed and the use of combine harvester at 500 rpm and 700 rpm will
be tested for seed quality parameters including mechanical damage. The field losses will
be recorded in both the harvesting methods.
Observations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Mechanical injury (%)
Germination (%)
No. of abnormal seedling
Vigour index
No. of ODV Seeds
100-seed weight (gm)
Field loss per unit area before and after harvesting
Physical purity (%).
79
Experiment 3:
Studies on effectiveness of specific gravity separator for removal of
ODV seeds.
NSP Center
TNAU, Coimbatore
PDKV, Akola
UAS, Bengaluru
CCSHAU, Hissar
CSK HPKV, Palampur
PAJANCOA & RI, Karaikal
Crop
Paddy
Paddy
Pigeonpea
Wheat
Wheat
Paddy
Procedure:
The crop seed will be processed on a modern seed processing plant using seed
precleaner, seed grader, specific gravity separator arranged in series. The ODV seeds in
raw paddy seed in each lot will be recorded. During processing, the sample will be
collected from the outlet points of seed precleaner, seed grader and specific gravity
separator. The sample thus collected will be tested for presence of ODV seed,
germination %, Physical purity %, vigour index, 1000 seed weight and moisture content.
Observations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Number of ODV seeds in raw seed.
Number of ODV seeds after size grading.
Number of ODV seeds after specific gravity grading.
Germination % of raw seed and final product.
Seedling length of raw seed and final seed product.
Vigour index of raw seed and final seed product.
1000 seed weight
Experiment 4: Evaluation of seed processing units
NSP Center
PDKV, Akola
UAS, Bengaluru
CCSHAU, Hissar
CSAUAT, Kanpur
SDAU, SKNagar
MPKV, Rahuri
CSKHPKV, Palampur
UAS Raichur
Area to be covered
Maharashtra (SAUs + Private)
Karnataka (SAUs + Private)
Haryana (SAUs + Private)
Uttar Pradesh (SAUs + Private)
Gujarat (SAUs + Private)
Maharashtra (SAUs + Private)
Himachal Pradesh (SAUs + Private)
Karnataka (SAUs + Private)
Procedure:
The performance of seed processing plant established in SAUs established under
the different projects will be evaluated along with few private plants adjoining the area as
80
regard to present status of the machine, performance of the machine, seed quality of the
produce, storage conditions and staffing pattern etc.
(Proforma will be supplied by the PI).
Observations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
Experiment 5
Type of plant (Make, year of purchase and other details)
Machines/Equipments
Efficiency of machine
Crop processed
Processing sequence
Staffing pattern
Floor area
Storage facilities
Seed protection measures taken during storage
Constraints faced / Difficulties / Problems faced by seed industry.
: Performance of needle separator for separating insect damage
seed in Cotton seed.
Objective
To study the effectiveness of needle separator for removing insect
damaged seed in cotton seed.
Center
PDKV, Akola; TNAU; Coimbatore; SDAU SK; Nagar
Treatments:
Crop
:
Unit operation
:
Cotton seed
Raw seed
↓
Size grader
↓
Specific gravity separator
↓
Needle separator
Procedure:
The seed lots of cotton will be processed on a normal seed processing plant using
needle separator. The samples will be drawn before processing, after size grading, after
gravity grading, and after using needle separator. The samples thus collected will be
tested for following seed quality characters.
Observations:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Mechanical damage (%)
Insect damage (%)
Germination (%)
Vigour index
100-seed weight (gm)
Electrical conductivity (dSm -1)
81
List of participants
S.
No.
1
2
3
4
Name of Scientist
Designation & Address
Mobile No.
Dr. S.R. Rajendra Prasad
Dr. Dinesh Badiyala
Dr.(Mrs.) R Jerlin
Dr. R. Siddaraju
9415108377
9816185743
9994282810
9880047284
5
6
Dr. V.S. Mor
Dr. B.S. Ganigara
7
Dr. Ashok Asuti
8
Dr. Parashiva Murthy
9
Sh.Govindbhi M.Patel
10
11
12
Sh. Vijayakumar H.P
Dr. J.S. Doshi
Dr. J.K. Sharma
13
Dr.T. Ramanadane
14
Dr.R.T. Kausal
Project Director, DSR, Mau
Prof. & Head, CSK HPKV, Palampur
Assoc. Prof., TNAU, Coimbatore
Assoc. Prof., STR, NSP, UAS,
Bengaluru
Asst. Scientist (SST), CCSHAU, Hissar
Asst. Seed Production Specialist, UAS,
Raichur
Agriculture Engineer, Seed Unit, UAS,
Dharawad
Assoc. prof., NSP, UAS, GKVK,
Bengaluru
Asst. Research Scientist, STR, SDAU,
SK Nagar
Scientist, DSR, Mau
Asst. Prof. , AAU, Anand
Nodal Officer (Seed), CSK HPKV,
Palampur
Assoc. Prof.(Seed Technology),
PAJANCOA &RI, Karaikal 609603
PI, Seed Processing & SRO, STR, Dr.
PDKV. Akola
9255563437
9845844075
9480750848
9886038788
9898128443
9005598429
9426419669
9418909960
9443875443
9421794609
Note: The data sheet and proforma of each of the above all experiments will be prepared
by Dr. R.T Kausal, Dr. (Mrs.) R. Jerlin and Dr. T. Ramanadane and circulated to
all the centres before 31st May, 2012 for smooth conduct of the experiments.
82
Session -VII
Seed Stakeholders-Scientists Interaction
Date: 16.04.2012
Time: 9.00 A.M.
Chairman
:
Co-Chairman
:
Rapporteurs
:
:
Dr. J. S. Sandhu
Assistant Director General (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Dr. N. K. Dadlani Director, NSAI, New Delhi
Dr. Geeta Bassi, PAU, Ludhiana
Dr. Ravi Hunje, UAS, Dharwad
The session started with opening remarks by Dr J.S.Sandhu. He stressed that
public- private partnership is the need of the hour for the overall development of the Seed
sector in the country. There were nine speakers for their presentations but only three
made their deliberations.
-
First speaker was Dr N. K. Dadlani who explained in details various workable
areas for public-pvt partnership in Seed Technology. He emphasised that for
moving forward in seed sector private and public sector should work in harmony
and with mutual trust in the field of seed research. He stressed upon equal
partnership of both the sector (pvt and public). He appreciated the contributions
made by public sector and informed that both sectors have realised to work
together after the introduction of PPV & FR Act and to compete in the global seed
regime. Commercialisation of the product developed is very essential .So it is
necessary to establish a joint group of public and private sectors to work together
to evolve policies in contract research, knowledge sharing, joint technology
development and technology Licencing. There is a need to constitute a small
inclusive task force to identify need based areas.
Some researchable suggested areas are:
-
Newer areas for seed production
-
Decrease the cost of seed production by off- season production
-
To revisit the isolation distance based on scientific data and experimental
evidences.
-
Development of protocol for high quality seeds
-
Economic and effective seed drying and storage protocols
-
Rationalisation and validation of seed samples for quality tests
-
Seed quality enhancement technology.
Second deliberation was made by Dr D.B. Desai, MD Nav Bharat Seeds Gujrat on
“Issues related to Seed Industry of Gujrat ” and shared his long association with the seed
family in INDIA. He emphasised:
-
To organise small interactive sessions with farmers and dealers to match the
farmer- breeder objective for variety and hybrids development.
83
-
To compile the research outcome of last 25 years for the benefit of all the
stakeholders.
-
Research on cost of seed production and seed supply.
-
Liberal supply of germplasm for use in R & D for the Pvt. Sector.
-
Representation of Seed Association in various committees related to seed.
-
To involve Pvt. sector in seed Bank Scheme.
Third speaker Dr. B.N. Basu from Hindustan Insecticides Ltd. a Govt. of India
Undertaking explained his rich experience working in Public sector and some association
with private sector. He emphasised that there are several areas for efficient development
of seed sector. He endorsed the comments made by previous speakers.
Last but not least Dr. R.K. Chowdhary Former PC (NSP) informed about the revision of
IMSCS, validation of technology developed by private sector in Seed Storage and
Drying. He emphasised on liberal and simple rules for getting the germplasms by private
sector for R&D.
Remarks by Co-Chair:
-
There are areas to work together in combination of vision and capacity of both the
sectors.
-
Farmers have become decision makers and ready to pay more for quality seeds.
-
Therefore best quality seed should reach the end user the FARMERS.
Concluding Remarks by Chair:
-
Both public and private sector should work together by mutual understanding
their STRENGTHS and WEAKNESSES for making available the quality seed.
-
To build partnership of trust and transparency smaller group should meet from
both the sectors frequently.
-
Identify the complimentary areas to work together.
-
To bring more area under hybrid rice in India by cohesive partnership of public
and private seed players to enhance the quantity vis a vis quality.
-
To find alternate areas for seed production.
-
Exposure visit of scientists to private seed industries to witness their infrastructure
and other R&D program.
-
To keep pace with global development, emphasis should be given to HRD.
The session was ended with vote of thanks by The PD Dr S. Rajendra Prasad.
84
Session -VIII
Session on Annual Oilseed Scheme
Chairman
:
Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Co-Chairman
:
Dr. A.P. Singh, Dy. Commissioner,
(TMOP) ISOPOM, DAC, GOI
Rapporters
:
Dr. (Mrs.) M. S. Uma, UAS, Bangalore
:
Dr. P. Ravishankar, UAS, Bangalore
At the outset, ADG (Seeds) gave brief account of Annual Oilseed Scheme started
during 9th plan, and its objective. While reviewing its contribution till 11th plan, ADG
(Seeds) suggested to monitor the progress of AOS and present its status and place it
before DAC.
1. Dr. S. Natarajan Sr. Scientist, DSR, Mau presented the progress made under this
scheme since 2004 till date. He also presented the problems of the centres and
financial deficits being encountered by the centres.
2. On continuation of the scheme, the PD, DSR, Mau expressed that if the scheme is
closed, the skilled man power will be displaced and we may feel shortfall of even the
breeder seeds in these corps. ADG (Seeds) also supplemented the view and
emphasized the continuation of the scheme. Dr. R.K.Choudhary, Ex PC, NSP opined
that this scheme was started to strengthen oilseed production and to solve specific
problems. The same problems still to be addressed and hence reduction of manpower
will deter the progress of these crops and hence the Govt. may think of financial
assistance through any other means. Many other participants stressed upon the
importance of the scheme and supported the continuation of the scheme.
3. Dr. A.P. Singh, Dy. Commissioner, (TMOP) responding to problems, insisted upon to
take up the issue with Secretary, Govt. of India along with the progress till date and to
modify the scheme along with training component and maintenance breeding.
4. ADG (Seeds) suggested PD, DSR, Mau to review the progress annually, to submit the
progress to the GOI for the past period; a proposal shall be prepared and kept for
discussion for the mode of operation and shall define the targets and deliverables and
to review the scheme rigorously. ADG (Seeds) suggested to redraft the proposal like a
new scheme and place it for discussion at Govt. level.
5. Finally, PD, DSR, Mau conveyed sincere thank to the Chairman, Co-Chairman and
all the participants for their active participation.
85
Session -IX
Plenary Session
Date: 16.04.2012
Time: 01.30 P.M.
Chairman
:
Dr. Swapan K. Dutta, DDG (CS) ICAR, New Delhi
Co-Chairman
:
Dr. A.M. Sheikh, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Anand
Rapporters
:
Dr. D. Khare, Professor, JNKVV, Jabalpur
:
Dr. Vijayakumar, H.P, Scientist, DSR, Mau
The session started with welcome address by Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Director,
Directorate of Seed Research, ICAR Mau. Recommendations of various sessions were
presented by respective rapporterur. The proceedings of inaugural session was presented
by Dr. S.R. Dhua, CRRI, Cuttack; Discipline was presentation of progress report by Dr.
M.S. Bhale, JNKVV, Jabalpur; Inter project linkage by Dr. Rakesh Seth, IARI, Karnal;
Important issues in seed research by Arun Kumar M.B., IARI New Delhi; Review of
breeder seed production by Dr. J. Shanthale, UAS, Banglore and Seed stakeholdersscientist interaction by Dr. Geeta Bassi, PAU, Ludhiana. Technical prorgramme of 20122013 and recommendations form 2011-2012 were presented by respective Project PT’s
i.e., Seed Production and Certification by Dr. Vilas A. Tonapi (Two recommendations);
Seed Physiology, Storage and Testing Dr. S.N. Sharma; Seed Pathology Dr. (Mrs.) K.
Vishunavat; Seed Entomology Dr. A. Bera and Seed Processing Dr. R.T. Kausal.
Important issues emmerged are as follows:

Feasibility of SRI in seed production of hybrid and their parents has to be worked
out with special reference to economics that include financial assistance provided
by government on SRI, seed productivity and its quality before submission of
recommendation.

Number of varieties in seed multiplication chain may be reduced by awareness
prorgramme on availability of alternate new varieties. Before submission of indent
State government should consult with the state agricultural university for
replacement of old varieties.

Denotification of old varieties with average performance in next CVRC meeting.

Enhancement of seed replacement rate of pulses and oil seed with critical
monitoring of multiplication rate in each class of seed.

Support on research from private sector in PPP mode.

Establishment of Referral Seed Testing Laboratory at each zone with central Lab
at DSR Mau to work on DNA finger printing of varieties from public and private
sector.

Reduction in cost of seed production with special reference to Egyptian clover as
in Egypt.
86

Rapid mass scale seed production prorgramme on forage and fodder crops has to
be launched.

Experiments on vegetable crops have to be addressed only in PPP mode.

Identification of area for production of hybrid seed and their parents has to be
intensified with involvement of centres where the crop is not cultivated
commercially.

In the experiments proposed in seed physiology, testing and storage available
technologies on coating and packaging at international level should be
incorporated.

In experiments on seed pathology emphasis must be given on scanning of diseases
in seed by available machines.
The XXVII Annual Group meet AICRP- National Seed Project (Crops) 2012
ended with vote of thanks proposed by Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project Director,
Directorate of Seed Research, Mau and Dr. R.N. Pandey, Nodal Officer (Seed) Anand.
87
XXVII ANNUAL GROUP MEETING
AICRP - NATIONAL SEED PROJECT (CROPS) 2012
(Venue: Anand Agricultural University, Anand)
14-16 April 2012
PROGRAMME
1st
Day (April 14, 2012)
08.30 - 9.30
09.30 – 11.00
09.30
09.35
09.40
09.45
10.00
10.10
REGISTRATION
SESSION I : INAUGURAL SESSION (Venue : University Auditorium)
Prayer
Welcome address
Lighting of Lamp
Achievements under
NSP (Crops)
Key note address
Release of Publications
10.15
Felicitation of Retiring
Scientists
10.30
Inaugural address
10.40
10.50
Presidential Address
Vote of thanks
: Dr. K.B. Kathiria, Director of Research, AAU, Anand
: By Dignitaries
: Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project Director, DSR, Mau
: Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG, (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
: Dr. S.A. Patil, Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission,
Commissionarate of Agriculture, Bengaluru
: Dr. S.A. Patil, Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission,
Commissionarate of Agriculture, Bengaluru &
Dr. A.M. Shekh, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Anand
: Dr. S.A. Patil, Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission,
Commissionarate of Agriculture, Bengaluru
: Dr. A.M. Shekh, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Anand
: Dr. R.N. Pandey, Nodal Officer (STR-NSP), AAU, Anand
(Rappoteurs: Dr. S.R. Dhua, PS, CRRI, Cuttack & Dr. P.R. Choudhury, Sr. Sci. Seeds Section, ICAR, New Delhi)
11.00 – 11.15 Tea
88
11.15 – 15.10
SESSION II : DISCIPLINE–WISE PRESENTATION OF PROGRESS
REPORT
: Dr. S.A. Patil, Chairman, Karnataka Krishi Mission,
Chairman
Commissionarate of Agriculture, Bengaluru
:
Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Co-Chairman
: Dr. M.S. Bhale, Sr. Sci., JNKVV, Jabalpur
Rapporteurs
Sh. Somasundaram G., Scientist, DSR, Mau
Progress of Seed Technology Research
: Dr. Vilas A. Tonapi, DSST, IARI, New Delhi
Seed Production & Certification
Seed Physiology, Storage &
: Dr. S. N. Sharma, RAU, ARS, Durgapura
Testing
13.00 - 13.45 Lunch
Seed Pathology
: Dr. (Mrs.) Karuna Vishunavat, GBPUAT,
Pantnagar
Seed Entomology
:
Dr. Amit Bera, CRIJAF, Barrackpore
Seed Processing
Presentation of Monitoring
reports
:
:
Dr. R.T. Kausal, PDKV, Akola
By all zonal conveners
15.10 – 15.15
Tea
15.15 -17.15
SESSION – III: INTER-PROJECT LINKAGE – CROP IMPROVEMENT
(Review & Suggestions for Quality Seed Research)
:
Dr. R. K. Chowdhury, Ex-Coordinator, AICRP-NSP
Chairman
(Crops) & Member RAC, DSR, Mau
:
Dr. K. P. Patel, Dean (Agriculture), AAU, Anand
Co-Chairman
:
Dr. Rakesh Seth, Sr. Scientist, IARI RS, Karnal
Rapporteurs
Dr. T.N. Tiwari, Sr. Scientist, DSR, Mau
Crop/Area
Forage
Pulses
Wheat
Pearl Millet
Groundnut
Sunflower & Castor
Soybean
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Speaker
Dr. S.A. Faruqui
Dr. N. Nadarajan
Dr.(Mrs.) Indu Sharma
Dr. O.P. Yadav
Dr. J.P. Mishra
Dr. K. S. Varaprasad
Dr. S. K. Srivastava
89
2nd Day (April 15, 2012)
09.00-11.45
SESSION – IV: IMPORTANT ISSUES IN SEED RESEARCH
Chairman
:
Co-Chairman
:
Rapporteurs
:
:
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
Dr. R. R. Hanchinal, Vice-Chancellor, UAS, Dharwad &
Chairman, RAC, DSR, Mau.
Dr. Malavika Dadlani, Joint Director (Research), IARI, New
Delhi
Dr. Arun Kumar M.B, Sr. Sci. DSST, IARI, New Delhi
Dr. Dhandapani, R, Scientist, DSR, Mau
Application of Molecular Tools for Seed Quality Assurance
Seed Research Avenues in Biotechnology
Application of Pulsed Magnetic Field Tech. in Agri-sciences
IPR Issues Related to Seeds
New Technologies for Seed Drying and Storage
11.45 – 12.00
Tea
:
:
:
:
:
Dr. K.V. Bhatt
Dr. N. Seetharama
Dr. T. Leelapriya
Dr. Vilas A.Tonapi
Dr. K. Keshavulu
SESSION – V: REVIEW OF BREEDER SEED PRODUCTION
AND POLICY ISSUES
:
Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Chairman
Dr. L. V. Subba Rao, Nodal Officer (Seeds), DRR, Hyderabad
Co-Chairman :
:
Dr. S. Natarajan, Sr. Scientist, DSR, Mau
Rapporteurs
:
Dr. J.Shanthala, Assoc. Prof. UAS, Bangalore
 Presentation of Breeder Seed Production by Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project
Director, DSR, Mau
 Discussions on Breeder Seed Production Issues by Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds),
ICAR, New Delhi
12.45- 13.30
Lunch
12.00 - 12.45
13.30 - 18.30 Session VI - Finalization Of Recommendations/Technical Programme
Formulation For 2012-13 (Concurrent Session)
Discipline
Chairman
Seed Production &
Certification
Dr. R. K. Chowdhury,
Ex-Coordinator, AICRP-NSP
(Crops)
Dr.(Mrs.) Malavika Dadlani
Jt. Dir. (R), IARI, New Delhi
Dr. R.C. Sharma
Dean, College of Horticulture YS
Parmar Uty. Solan
Dr. P. K. Borad, HOD, Agrl. Ent.
AAU, Anand
Seed Physiology,
Storage & Testing
Seed Pathology
Seed Entomology
Seed Processing
Venue
Dr. D. C. Joshi, Dean, Agrl.
Product Processing & Bio-energy
90
Convener
B.A. College
Auditorium
Dr. Vilas A. Tonapi
Conference Hall,
Dept. of Statistics
PG Seminar Hall
Dr. S.N. Sharma
Conference
Room, Dept. of
Agrl. Economics
Conference Hall,
Dept. of
Agronomy
Dr. Amit Bera
Dr. (Mrs.) Karuna
Vishunavat
Dr. R.T. Kausal
3rd Day (April 16, 2012)
9.00 – 11.00 SESSION–VII: SEED STAKEHOLDERS–SCIENTISTS INTERACTION
: Dr. J.S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Chairman
: Dr. N. K. Dadlani Director, NSAI, New Delhi
Co-Chairman
: Dr. Ravi Hunje, Assoc. Prof. UAS, Dharwad
Rapporteurs
: Dr. Geeta Bassi, PAU, Ludhiana
1. Dr. N.K. Dadlani, Director, NSAI, New Delhi
Speakers
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Dr. Bhupen Dubey Head, Integrated Business, UPL Group, Mumbai
Dr. D. B. Desai, M.D., Navabharath Seeds, Gujarat
Dr. R.A. Sherasiya, Director, Gujarat Seed Certification Agency
Mr. U.D. Singh, M.D, Gujarat Seed Corporation
Dr. B.R. Shah, Director of Agriculture, GOG, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Dr. B.S. Patel, Director of Horticulture, GOG, Gandhinagar, Gujarat
Dr. T.L. Dholaria, MD, Solar Agro. Pvt. Ltd., Rajkot, Gujarat
9. Dr. Arnab Gupta, INCOTEC
11.15-12.45
Chairman
Co-chairman
13.30 - 15.45
Chairman
Co-chairman
Rapporteurs
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
11.00 – 11.15
Tea
SESSION - VIII Discussions on Issues Related to Annual Oilseed
Scheme and XII Plan Proposals of NSP
Dr. J. S. Sandhu, ADG (Seeds), ICAR, New Delhi
Dr. A. P. Singh, Deputy Commissioner, ISOPAM, DAC, GOI, New Delhi
Presentation and Discussion on Issues Related to Annual Oilseed Scheme
12.45 – 13.30
Lunch
SESSION – IX : PLENARY SESSION
Dr. Swapan K. Datta, DDG (CS), ICAR, New Delhi
Dr. A. M. Shekh, Vice Chancellor, AAU, Anand
Dr. D. Khare, PS, JNKVV, Jabalpur
Shri. Vijayakumar HP, DSR, Mau
A. Presentation of Recommendations
Inaugural Session
Discipline wise Presentation of
Progress Report
Inter-Project Linkage
Important Issues in Seed Research
Review of Breeder Seed Production
and Policy issues.
Seed Stakeholders –Scientists
Interaction
B. Technical Recommendations
1. Seed Production & Certification
2. Seed Physiology, Storage & Testing
3. Seed Pathology
4. Seed Entomology
5. Seed Processing
Vote of Thanks
:
:
:
:
:
:
:
Dr. S. R. Dhua, Pr.Sci., CRRI, Cuttack
Dr. M. S. Bhale, Sr. Sci., JNKVV, Jabalpur
:
:
:
Dr. Rakesh Seth, Sr. Scientist, IARI RS, Karnal
Dr. Arun Kumar M.B, Sr. Scientist, DSST, IARI, New Delhi
:
Dr. Geeta Bassi, PAU, Ludhiana
Dr. J.Shanthala, Assoc. Prof. UAS, Bangalore
Dr. Vilas A. Tonapi
Dr. S.N. Sharma
Dr. (Mrs.) Karuna Vishunavat
Dr. Amit Bera
Dr. R.T. Kausal
Chairman’s Remarks
: Dr. S. Rajendra Prasad, Project Director, DSR, Mau
: Dr. R. N. Pandey, Nodal Officer (Seeds), AAU, Anand
91