Name: _____________________________________ Hour: ______ Date: ___/___/___
Review for Quiz: Plants (Lessons 5, 9, 10)
Lesson 5:
1. How do plants get their nutrients (NOT their food)? Be sure to include the structure used
Absorb nutrients through the root hairs, which bring them up in tubes through the stem to the
leaves
Carbon Dioxide absorbed through Stomata on leaves
2. Name the 3 major structures of a seed, and the function of each part. What happens to it as
the plant grows?
a. Part:
Function:
Seed Coat: Protects the cotyledon & embryo; Prevents sprouting until conditions are right; Falls
off after sprouting
b. Part:
Function:
Cotyledon: Provides food for embryo during sprouting, until true leaves can do enough
photosynthesis to feed plant; Shrinks, falls off
c. Part:
Function:
Embryo: Baby plant. Will grow into new plant’s roots, stems, & leaves
3. Draw a diagram of a seed. Label the 3 major parts of the seed.
See handout: Secret Life of Plants &/or p. 61 of text
4. What does ‘Dormant’ mean, and how does a seed demonstrate this?
Dormant: Alive, inactive, not using energy. Not performing cell processes like growth, cell
respiration, not making proteins, etc.
Seed remains unchanged until germination begins
5. Describe 3 differences between a monocot and dicot. How can you tell them apart?
Monocot
Dicot
Seed
1 cotyledon
2 cotyledons
Sprouting
Cotyledons under ground
Cotyledons above ground
Leaves
Veins parallel, not branching
Branching, net-like vein
pattern
Leaves slender
Broad leaves
6. Describe what makes WI Fast Plants unique
Extremely short life span-seed to adult, with mature seeds ready to plant in 6-7 weeks; Short &
sturdy; thrive in crowded conditions; Do well with constant light
Vocabulary:
Root hairs: Very thin branches off of the root system that absorb water & nutrients
Seed Coat: Covers & protects seed until conditions are right for sprouting
Cotyledon: Structure with stored food for developing embryo
Embryo: Baby plant that will grow into adult root, stem & leaves
Endosperm: Starch in cotyledon that is the actual stored food
True Leaves: Actual leaves that will do photosynthesis to make plant’s food. Has structures
seen on Leafy Green Food Factory, p. 2
Germination: Process of seed sprouting & developing plant structures
Dormant: Alive, but not using energy. Not performing cell processes like growth, cell
respiration, not making proteins, etc.
Lesson 9. Functions of the Flower pp.111, 116-19 and Secret Life of Plants
1. What is the purpose of a flower? Why do plants make flowers?
Flowers produce seeds for the next generation of that plant so the individual’s family & species
continues into the future.
2. What is pollination?
Pollen produced on the anther (on top of the stamen). It must be carried to the stigma of the
pistil for pollination of the pistil.
3. Describe self pollination:
Self Pollination: When pollen from the stamen of a plant pollinates the pistil of the same
plant.
4. Describe cross pollination:
Cross Pollination: When pollen from the plant is carried to the pistils of flowers on other
plants of the same species.
5. What is the advantage of cross pollination?
Most plants, including the Fast Plants, will only produce fertile seeds when they are cross
pollinated from different plants.
6. How did you pollinate the Fast Plants?
Students used Q tips to pick up pollen from the anthers of one plant, and move the pollen to the
pistils of the other plant’s flowers in their container. (cross pollination)
7. Name three ways flowers are pollinated in nature.
Flowers can be pollinated by wind blowing pollen, water washing pollen (raindrops, lakes &
ponds), or animals such as insects (bees or butterflies brushing against anthers and stigmas, and
animals like hummingbirds or even humans moving pollen from anthers to stigmas of the
pistils).
8. What is fertilization? How does pollen create a seed from a seed egg?
Sperm in pollen is sent down a pollen tube to the actual seed egg in the ovule. Fertilization
occurs when the sperm combines with the egg. Fertilization creates the embryo within the seed.
9. What did the Fast Plant make after you pollinated for several days?
Fast Plants have created seed pods over the last three weeks from the ovaries of their flowers.
10. After pollination, what happens to the pistil?
The ovary grows into fruit or pods to protect the ovule and its fertilized seeds.
To the petals? The petals fall away.
To the stamen? The anther and filaments of the stamen fall away.
Vocabulary (terms to know)- Identify the function of each structure. Be able to locate it on a
flower.
Flower: Structure produced by the plant for reproduction. Contains structures to make sperm
& egg, and to allow pistil to develop into the
Stamen: the male part of the flower which makes pollen.
§
Anther - top of the stamen that actually makes the pollen grains
§
Filament – the part that holds the anther upward from the base of the flower.
§
Pollen – contains sperm needed to fertilize the seed eggs. It is produced on the
anther
Pistil: the female part of the flower that produces the actual seeds
§
Stigma – the sticky top of the pistil that collects pollen during pollination.
§
Ovary – the base of the pistil that protects the ovule and seed eggs/ and becomes the
fruit or pod after fertilization
§
Ovule – the part of the ovary that nurtures or holds the seed eggs
§
Egg – or seed egg: is the unfertilized future seed inside the ovule
Fruit: ovary grows around the ovule into fruit or pod with seeds inside it
How does pollen fertilize the seed egg? What forms the seed pod or fruit?
Sperm from pollen is sent down a tube to the ovule and must reach the actual seed egg to create
a fertilized seed. The ovary becomes the fruit or seed pod.
Lesson 10. Leaves and Photosynthesis Leafy Green Food Factories
1. What is the purpose of a leaf? How does a leaf get water and carbon dioxide?
The leaf contains cells & structures that absorb carbon dioxide and water, carry out
photosynthesis, and release oxygen Water enters a plant through root hairs and travels to the leaf
by the xylem. Carbon dioxide enters the leaf through the stomata on the under side of the leaf.
2. What is the function of the chloroplast?
The chloroplast produce chlorophyll needed for photosynthesis.
3. What substance, that actually does the work in photosynthesis, is made in the chloroplast?
Chlorophyll is the green substance that traps sunlight and changes it to energy used for
photosynthesis. It is the worker that builds the glucose & releases the oxygen
4. Name the 2 starting materials for photosynthesis, including how they get into the plant
Carbon dioxide absorbed by stoma in leaves and water absorbed by root hairs are the two raw
materials.
5. Name the 2 molecules made by photosynthesis. Which one is holding the energy?
Glucose, which is a simple sugar used for energy, and oxygen, which is released into the air, are
the two products of photosynthesis.
6. What is glucose? What does it do for the plant?
Glucose is a simple sugar used by the plant for energy in cellular respiration.
Vocabulary (terms to know)- Define each term. Include its location and function.
Cuticle / Epidermis: The upper layer of epidermis creates a waxy coating called the cuticle to
protect the leaf and prevent water loss. The lower layer of the
epidermis contains guard cells that open and close the stomata.
Stomata: the openings on the under side of leaves that allow carbon dioxide into the plant and
allow the plant to release oxygen and water evaporate during
transpiration.
Chloroplast: the part of the leaf (mesophyll) that produces chlorophyll needed for
photosynthesis. It is the place where photosynthesis happens
o Chlorophyll: the green chemical that actually changes sunlight into useful energy for
photosynthesis.
o Photosynthesis: the process plants use sunlight to rearrange water and carbon dioxide into
glucose and oxygen
o Carbon dioxide / Water: the raw materials needed for photosynthesis
o Glucose/Oxygen: the products of photosynthesis.