HENRY VIII 1509-1547 1455-1485 War of the Roses BRITAIN QUEEN ELIZABETH I 1558-1603 1536- Dissolution of Monasteries 1534- Act of Supremacy 1641-1651 English 1628- PetitionCivil War of Right 1572- Barthalamewʼs HENRY OF Day Massacre NAVARRE 1431- Joan of Arc burned at stake 1337-1453 Hundred Years War FERDINAND & ISABELLA 1474-1504 1519- Cortes lands on the coast of Mexico 1588- Spanish Armada 1519- Magellan sets out 1478 Inquisition SPAIN 1492- Reconquista; Jews expelled from Spain 1568-1609 Dutch Revolts 1532- Pizzarro conquers Incas CHARLES V 1519-1556 GERMANY/HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE 1800- Combination Act LOUIS XV 1715-1774 LOUIS XIV 1643-1715 political 1415- Henry the Navigator OTHER/WORLD CONFLICTS Eastern EuropeCompetitive Serfdom 1703- St Petersburg 1620- Battle of the White Mountain Peace of Westphalia MARIA THERESA 1740-1765 1618-1648 30 Yearsʼ War Development of commerce, military 1683- Siege of Vienna 1701-1714 War of Spanish Succession 1498- Savanarola executed 1715 Peace of Utrecht 1516 1555 1600 1635 1675 Dutch Merchant Dominance economic POPE SIXTUS IV 1471-1484 1540- Loyola founds Society of Jesus 1517- Posting of 95 Theses 1700 1740-1748 War of Austrian Succession COUNTER-REFORMATION 1545-1648 Five Year Plans 1936- Great Purge BREZHNEV 1964-1982 1986- Destaliniz Glasnost ation ReKRUSCHEV Stalinization 1991- End of the SU 1953-1964 GORBACHEV 1985-1991 1880- William II forces Bismarck to resign Revolutions of 1848 Metternich flees 1859- Italian war to London with Austria 1821- Greece Revolution 1815- Quadruple Alliance 1814- Congress of Vienna 1803-1815 Napoleonic Wars 1886- Attempted passing of Home Rule (Ireland) 1884- Berlin Conference 1861- Italy declared a 1873- Three kingdom Emperorsʼ League 1834- Zollverein 1915- Luisitania 1830- Belgian 1867- creation of Revolution; Dual Monarchy Belgium (Austria) 1815- Holy Alliance; Russia, recognized as Austria, Prussia neutral state 1854-1856 Crimean War 1800 1830 1968- Soviet 1945- Yalta invasion of Conference Czechoslovakia 1945Potsdam 1962- Cuban Missile Crisis 19461989- Fall Churchill of the 1938Iron Curtain Berlin Wall Munich Solidarity in Agreement 1947- Truman Doctrine/ Poland Marshall Plan Revolution 1923- French occupied Ruhr 1914-1918 WWI 1872 1900 1949- NATO 1955- Warsaw 1955 1920 1919- Keynes Economic Consequences of the Peace 1921- New Economic Policy 1536- John Calvin Institute of the Christian Religion PROTESTANT REFORMATION 1517-1648 Jan Hus burned at the stake religious 1700- “Turnip” Townshend Introduction of Syphillis Crop rotation, enclosure 1665-1666 Great Plague of London 1580- Montaigne On Cannibals 1532- Rabelais Pantegruel 1480- Pico de Gama Oration on the Dignity of Man intellectual 1574- Brahe 1620- Baconian Method (Novanum Organum) 1750- Decline of Arranged Marriages 1543- Copernicun hypothesis: Heavenly Spheres SCIENTIFIC REVOLUTION 1543-1700 RENAISSANCE 14th-17th Century 1480- Boticelli Primavera BAROQUE 1600-1730 1498- Da Vinci Last Supper 1510- Rafael School of Introduction of Early Athens Renaissance to Rome 1508- Michelangelo SIstine (Sixtus IV) Chapel 1501- Leonardo Mona Lisa 1516 protoindustri alization second industrial revolution 1820-1914 1842- Chadwick Sanitary Idea 1890ʼs emergence of electric street cars Napoleon III welfare improvement 1796- Jenner Smallpox Inoculation 1848- Karl Marx Communist Manifesto 1830- Rocket Train URBANIZATION 1869- John Stuart Mill The Subjection of Women 1922- James Joyce Ulysses 1859- Darwin Origin of Species Henri de St. Simon ROMANTICISM 1600 1635 1675 1700 1715 1757 1800 1872- Monet Impression, soleil levant REALISM 1830 MODERN ART DADAISM 1937- Picasso Guernica 1606-1669 Rembrandt 1555 1963- Betty Friedan The Feminine Mystique 1925- Hitler Mein Kamf POST IMPRESSIONISM 1853- Charles DIckens Hard Times 1818- Caspar David Friedrich Wanderer Above the Sea of Fog AGE OF ANXIETY Growth of middle class 1898- Marie Curie Plutonium 1905- Einstein Theory of Relativity Wordsworth Coles Scott Johann Sebastian Bach 1966- NOW founded Male suffrage INDUSTRIAL REVOLUTION 18th-19th Century 1751- Diderot Encyclopédie 1792- Mary 1762- Rousseau On Wollstonecraft A Education 1733- John Kay flying Vindication of the 1764- Hargreaves shuttle Rights of Women Spinning Jenny 1768- Arkwright 1739- Hume Inquiry into Waterframe Charles Fourier Human Nature 1769- James Watt 1748- Montesquieu Spirit Steam Engine of Laws 1788- Siéyés What is the Third Estate? 1690- John Locke Essay Concerning Human Understanding 1880- Germany Social Welfare Labor Act of 1851- Crystal Palace Great 1830 Exhibition AGE OF ENLIGHTENMENT 1650-1800 1651- Thomas Hobbes 1687- Newton Leviathan Principia Decartes Dualism/ Conics 1632- Galileo Dialogue on the Two Chief Systems of the World 1633- Trial of Galileo Potatoes replace grain Decline of church attendance BRITISH POPULATION GROWTH WITCH HUNTS 1480-1700 1516- Thomas More Utopia 1962- Greater emphasis on child rearing AGRICULTURAL REVOLUTION 17th-19th Century Shakespeare 1513-Machiavelli The Prince 1511- Erasmus Praise of Folly 1508- Castiglione The Courtier 1450- Gutenberg invents the printing press 1918- Post-war restoration of faith John Wesely Jethro Tull POPE JOHN PAUL II 1978-2005 1929- Mussolini Lateran Agreement PIETISM 1700-1850 1524- Peasant Revolts 1991 1986- Perestroika (SU) 1956- Treaty of Rome; creation of Common Market 1973- Oil Crisis 1951- Treaty of Paris; creation of ECSC 1871-1878 Kulturkamf 1763- Jesuits kicked out of France s of 1989 1980Gdansk agreement 1939-1945 WWII Treaty of Versailles 1776- Adam Smith Wealth of Nations 1550ʼs-60ʼs Growth of Calvinism 1477 STALIN 1922-1953 1917- Russian Revolution NEW IMPERIALISM 1870-1914 1454- Gutenberg Bible published 1433 1864- Scheleswig and Holstein gained 1866- AustroPrussian war 1776- American Independence COMMERCIAL REVOLUTION 1488-1750 1545-1563 Council of Trent 1412-1418 Council of Constance 1400 Russian Revolution of 1905 1906- Duma 1870- FrancoPrussian War; unification of Germany 1862- Bismarck chosen as prime minister 1756–1763 Seven Yearsʼ War 1757 1609- Amsterdam Exchange Bank founded 1516 Concordat of Bologna artistic JOSEPH II 1765-1790 AGE OF EXPLORATION 1450-1600 app. 1500Nation-centered economies 1417-1436 Brunelleschi creates Florence Cathedral ALEXANDER II 1855-1881 1861- Freeing of Serfs Creation of Zemstvos Colbert- France Development of Caravel social French Republic established 1871- Paris Commune 1819- Carlsbad Decrees FREDERICK THE GREAT (PRUSSIA) 1740-1786 FREDERICK WILLIAM I (PRUSSIA) 1713-1740 1492- Columbus sets out 1521- Diet of Worms 1378-1417 The Great Schism 1830- French Revolution of 1830 CATHERINE THE GREAT 1762-1796 Reform Bill of Reform Bill of 1867; suffrage to 1884; suffrage to middle class all males CHARLES X LOUIS NAPOLEON III 1814-1830 PHILLIPE -1848 1852- Second -1870 1789-1799 French Revolution PETER THE GREAT 1682-1725 WINSTON CHURCHILL (MULTIPLE POSITIONS) 1910-1955 1525- German Peasantʼs Revoltj 1477 1440- Lorenzo Valla exposes the Donation of Constantine NAPOLEON 1804-1814 RUSSIA/EASTERN EUROPE 1469- Lorenzo de Medici takes power in Florence 1488- Diaz Rounds the Cape of Good Hope 1433 LOUIS XVI 1774-1791 1685- Revocation of the Edict of Nantes 1555- Peace of Augsburg 1453- Capture of Constantinople 1454- Peace of Lodi 1824- Combination Acts repealed 1846- Repeal of Corn Laws 1815 Corn Laws 1688- Glorious Revolution 1648-1653 Fronde 1598- 1589-1610 Edict of Nantes 1584-1589War of the Three Henrys FRANCE 1400 CROMWELL 1653-1658 JAMES I 1603-1625 JAMES II WILLIAM & MARY 1685-1688 1689- Bill of Rights-1702 IMPRESSIONISM 1872 CUBISM 1900 1920 SURREALISM 1955 1991