TYPE THREE MATRIX
Scientific Name: Ilex x attenuata Ashe
‘East Palatka’
Common Name: East Palatka holly
Florida Fancy—There is one trunk, and the crown is
uniform and full.
Florida #1—There is one trunk, and the crown is not
uniform because parts of it are missing.
Florida #2—The crown is not uniform because large
parts of it are missing. The trunk forks into three
nearly equal sized trunks in the upper half of the
tree.
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
28
Florida No. 2
TYPE THREE MATRIX
Scientific Name: Ilex x attenuata Ashe
‘Savannah’
Common Name: Savannah holly
Florida Fancy—There is one trunk, and the crown is
uniform.
Florida #1—There is one trunk, and there is a portion
of the crown missing, forming an asymmetrical
canopy.
Florida #2—The crown is very one-sided and
asymmetrical.
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
Florida No. 2
29
acacia, sweet
apple, crab
bischofia
bottlebrush
buttonwood
cherry, Barbadoscrape-myrtle
crape-myrtle, queen's
dogwood, Jamaicanelder, yellowelm, American
elm, Chinese
elm, Drake
elm, winged
frangipani
geiger tree
glorybush
hackberry
hawthorn
holly, yaupon
jacaranda
Jerusalem thorn
EXAMPLES
30
2'
3'
4'
5'
6'
6'
7'
8'
8'
9'
10'
12'
14'
1/2"
3/4"
1"
1 1/4"
1 1/2"
2"
2 1/2"
3"
3 1/2"
4"
4 1/2"
5"
5 1/2"
20'
19'
18'
17'
16'
15'
14'
12'
10'
9'
8'
7'
6'
30"
MAXIMUM
TREE
HEIGHT
14'
11'
9'
8'
7'
6'
60"
48"
36"
30"
24"
18"
10"
10"
FL. FAN.
12'
10'
8'
7'
6'
5'
48"
42"
30"
25"
18"
16"
8"
8"
#1
10'
8'
7'
6'
5'
4'
36"
30"
24"
20"
14"
10"
6"
6"
#2
MINUMUM CROWN
SPREAD DIAMETER
50"
48"
44"
40"
36"
32"
28"
24"
20"
18"
16"
14"
8"
6"
MINIMUM
B&B
ROOT-BALL
DIAMETER
—
36"
36"
30"
24"
20"
18"
18"
16"
14"
12"
—
—
—
MINIMUM
GROW BAG
ROOT-BALL
DIAMETER
MINIMUM
CONTAINER
VOLUME
200 Gal.
95 Gal.
95 Gal.
95 Gal.
65 Gal.
45 Gal.
25 Gal.
15 Gal.
15 Gal.
7 Gal.
5 Gal.
3 Gal.
1 Gal.
4” Sleeve
Notes:
Trees to be graded under this matrix are listed in the index of plant materials on pages 37-44.
1.
Any liner less than 1/4" caliper shall be a minimum of 12" in height, well-rooted in its container which shall
2.
not be less than 2" in diameter. Bare-root trees shall be so noted.
Ball depth on B&B stock shall be at least 2/3 of the root-ball diameter shown. For trees larger than 5 1/2"
3.
caliper, root-ball diameter shall be 8.5" for each inch of tree caliper. Trees grown in soils with a high water
table can have shallower root balls provided the root-ball diameter is increased to the next larger tree size in
the table.
For the purpose of determining minimum root-ball diameter, cured trees can have a caliper up to 1" larger
4.
than indicated in the table.
ANZI Standards Z60.1 designations for container size (e.g. #3, #15, #30, etc.) can be substituted for minimum
5.
spread diameter
18"
MINIMUM
TREE
HEIGHT
1/4"
CALIPER
TYPE FOUR MATRIX — VASE SHAPES
lignum-vitae
maple, Japanese
mimosa
myrtle, waxpencil tree
photinia, 'Red Top'
plum, Chickasaw
plum, hogplum, pigeonpoinciana, dwarf
poinciana, royal
poinciana, yellow
privet, glossy
privet, wax
redbud
sea-grape
tamarind, wildwomen's-tongue tree
EXAMPLES
TYPE FOUR MATRIX
Scientific Name: Lagerstroemia indica Ll.
& tree cvs.
Common Name: crape-myrtle
Florida Fancy—Trunks and major branches are not
touching, and the crown is uniform and full.
Florida #1—The crown is full, but branches and trunks
are touching.
Florida #2—The crown is thin and slightly one-sided.
Flush cuts were made when removing branches,
and bark is included in the crotches of main
branches. This cannot be seen in the photograph
(see Fig. 7a, page 46).
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
Florida No. 2
31
TYPE FOUR MATRIX
Scientific Name: Ligustrum japonicum
Thunb.
Common Name: wax privet
Florida Fancy—The crown is full and uniformly
balanced.
Florida #1—The crown is full but slightly unbalanced.
Florida #2—The crown is open and not well balanced.
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
32
Florida No. 2
TYPE FOUR MATRIX
Scientific Name: Ulmus parvifolia Jacq.
& cvs.
Common Name: Chinese elm
Florida Fancy—Branches are well-distributed along a
single trunk, and the crown is uniform.
Florida #1—The crown is uniform, but two major
branches in the crown are opposite each other.
Florida #2—The trunk divides into two nearly equalsized trunks in the lower half of the tree.
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
Florida No. 2
33
EXAMPLES
acacia, earleaf
African-tulip tree
arborvitae, oriental
ash
basswood
bay, sweetBrazilian beautyleaf
Chinaberry
Chinese pistache
eucalyptus
eucalyptus, 'Silver Dollar'
fringetree
fringetree, oriental
ginkgo
guava
hickory
holly, dahoon
holly, lusterleaf
holly, 'Nellie Stevens'
hophornbeam, American
kopsia
locust, honey
magnolia, saucer
mahogany, West Indian
maple, Florida
maple, red
34
2'
4'
5'
5'
6'
6'
6'
7'
8'
9'
11'
13'
14'
1/2"
3/4"
1"
1 1/4"
1 1/2"
2"
2 1/2"
3"
3 1/2"
4"
4 1/2"
5"
5 1/2"
28'
26'
24'
22'
19'
17'
16'
15'
12'
11'
10'
8'
6'
30"
MAXIMUM
TREE
HEIGHT
9'
8'
8'
7'
6'
60"
48"
42"
36"
30"
28"
24"
12"
8"
FL. FAN.
8'
7'
7'
6'
5'
48"
36"
36"
30"
24"
21"
18"
9"
6"
#1
MINIMUM CROWN
SPREAD DIAMETER
7'
6'
6'
5'
4'
42"
30"
30"
24"
18"
15"
12"
6"
4"
#2
50"
48"
44"
40"
36"
32"
28"
24"
20"
18"
16"
14"
8"
6"
MINIMUM
B & B
ROOT-BALL
DIAMETER
—
36"
36"
30"
24"
20"
18"
18"
16"
14"
12"
—
—
—
MINIMUM
GROW BAG
ROOT-BALL
DIAMETER
Notes:
Trees to be graded under this matrix are listed in the index of trees on pages 37-44.
1.
Any liner less than 1/4" caliper shall be a minimum of 12" in height, well-rooted in its container which shall
2.
not be less than 2" in diameter. Bare-root trees shall be so noted.
Ball depth on B&B stock shall be at least 2/3 of the root-ball diameter shown. For trees larger than 5 1/2"
3.
caliper, root-ball diameter shall be 8.5" for each inch of tree caliper. Trees grown in soils with a high water
table can have shallower root balls provided the root-ball diameter is increased to the next larger tree size in
the table.
For the purpose of determining minimum root-ball diameter, cured trees can have a caliper up to 1" larger
4.
than indicated in the table.
ANZI Standards Z60.1 designations for container size (e.g. #3, #15, #30, etc.) can be substituted for minimum
5.
spread diameter
12"
MINIMUM
TREE
HEIGHT
1/4"
CALIPER
TYPE FIVE MATRIX — OVAL SHAPES
200 Gal.
95 Gal.
95 Gal.
95 Gal.
65 Gal.
45 Gal.
25 Gal.
15 Gal.
15 Gal.
7 Gal.
5 Gal.
3 Gal.
1 Gal.
4” Sleeve
MINIMUM
CONTAINER
VOLUME
maple, silver
mastwood
mulberry, red
noronhia
oak, blackjack
oak, bluff
oak, post
oak, sawtooth
oak, southern red
oak, swamp-chestnut
oak, willow
paradise tree
parasol tree
podocarpus, nagi
podocarpus, yew
podocarpus, weeping
poplar
rosewood
sapodilla
sassafras
satinleaf
senna
sourwood
syzygium
tabebuia
tupelo
EXAMPLES
TYPE FIVE MATRIX
Scientific Name: Acer rubrum Ll. & cvs.
Common Name: red maple
Florida Fancy—There is one straight trunk, and the
crown is uniform.
Florida #1—The crown is uniform, but the trunk divides
into two nearly equal-sized trunks in the top half
of the tree.
Florida #2—The crown is uniform, but the trunk divides
into two nearly equal-sized trunks in the lower half
of the tree.
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
Florida No. 2
35
TYPE FIVE MATRIX
Scientific Name: Quercus laurifolia
Michaux
Common Name: laurel oak
Florida Fancy—Branches are well-distributed along a
single trunk, and the crown is full. The slight bend
in the lower trunk is not severe enough to
downgrade the tree.
Florida #1—Branches are well-distributed along a
single trunk, but the crown is too narrow. The tree
would have been a Florida Fancy if the crown was
slightly wider.
Florida #2—The trunk divides into three nearly equalsized trunks in the upper half of the tree.
Florida Fancy
Florida No. 1
36
Florida No. 2
INDEX OF TREES COMMONLY SOLD BY FLORIDA NURSERIES
LISTED BY COMMON NAME AND MATRIX TYPE
Instructions: Find the tree you are grading in the list below and note the matrix type in the left column.
Return to Step 3 on page 4.
Matrix type
5
4
5
2
1
4
5
5
2
2
4
5
1
3
1
5
5
2
4
5
1
5
4
5
2
4
1
1
2
2
2
4
2
5
5
1
5
4
4
1
2
3
2
1
4
4
Common Name*
Genus/Species
acacia, earleaf
acacia, sweet
African-tulip tree
almond, tropicalapple, pitchapple, crab
arborvitae, oriental
ash
avocado
bald-cypress
Barbados-cherry
basswood
bauhinia
bay, loblolly
bay, redbay, sweetbeech, bluebirch, river
bischofia
black-gum
black-olive
blue-beech
bottlebrush
Brazilian beautyleaf
bunya-bunya
buttonwood
camphor tree
carambola
cedar, eastern redcedar, Japanesecedar, southern redcherry, BarbadosChina-fir
chinaberry
Chinese pistache
citrus
cottonwood
crape-myrtle
crape-myrtle, queen's
Cuban-laurel
cypress, baldcypress, Italian
cypress, Leyland
dogwood, flowering
dogwood, Jamaicanelder, yellow-
Acacia auriculiformis
Acacia farnesiana
Spathodea campanulata
Terminalia catappa
Clusia rosea
Malus angustifolia
Platycladus orientalis
Fraxinus spp.
Persea americana
Taxodium distichum
Malpighia glabra
Tilia spp.
Bauhinia spp.
Gordonia lasianthus
Persea borbonia
Magnoliavirginiana
Carpinus caroliniana
Betula nigra & cvs.
Bischofia javanica
Nyssa spp.
Bucida buceras
Carpinus caroliniana
Callistemon spp.
Calophyllum brasiliense
Araucariabidwillii
Conocarpus erectus & cvs. & vars.
Cinnamomum camphora
Averrhoa carambola
Juniperus virginiana
Cryptomeria japonica
Juniperus silicicola
Malpighia glabra
Cunninghamia lanceolata
Melia azedarach
Pistacia chinensis
Citrus spp.
Populus spp.
Lagerstroemia indica & tree cvs.
Lagerstroemia speciosa
Ficus microcarpa
Taxodium distichum
Cupressus sempervirens
X Cupressocyparis leylandii
Cornus florida & cvs.
Piscidia piscipula
Tecoma stans
*Hyphens in the common names indicate that the name used does not correspond to the name
ordinarily given to that particular group of plants. For example: yellow-elder is not a true elder;
China-fir is not a fir; etc.
37
Matrix type
4
4
4
5
5
1
1
1
2
1
4
5
5
3
4
5
4
1
5
5
1
4
4
5
2
5
3
3
1
5
5
3
3
4
5
1
4
4
2
1
4
1
5
1
4
5
5
1
1
3
5
2
38
Common Name
Genus/Species
elm, American
elm, Chinese
elm, Drake
eucalyptus
eucalyptus, 'Silver Dollar'
fig, fiddle leaf
fig, rusty
fig, weeping
fir, Chinafloss silk tree
frangipani
fringetree
fringetree, oriental
garcinia
geiger tree
ginkgo
glorybush
goldenrain tree
guava
gum, blackgumbo limbo
hackberry
hawthorn
hickory
holly, American
holly, dahoon
holly, East Palatka
holly, Foster
holly, round
holly, lusterleaf
holly, Nellie Stevens
holly, Savannah
holly, weeping yaupon
holly, yaupon
hophornbeam, American
Indian-rubber tree
jacaranda
Jamaican-dogwood
Japanese-cedar
Japanese pagoda tree
Jerusalem thorn
kapok
kopsia
laurel, Cubanlignum-vitae
linden
locust, honey
loquat
lychee
magnolia, 'Little Gem',
'Mainstreet', etc.
magnolia, saucer
magnolia, southern
Ulmus americana
Ulmus parvifolia
Ulmus parvifolia 'Drake'
Eucalyptus spp.
Eucalyptus cinerea
Ficus lyrata
Ficus rubiginosa
Ficus benjamina
Cunninghamia lanceolata
Chorisia speciosa
Plumeria rubra
Chionanthus virginicus
Chionanthus retusus
Garcinia speciosa
Cordia sebestena
Ginkgo biloba & cvs.
Tibouchina urvilleana
Koelreuteria spp.
Psidium guajava
Nyssa spp.
Bursera simaruba
Celtis laevigata
Crataegus spp.
Carya spp.
Ilex opaca
Ilex cassine & vars. & cvs.
Ilex x attenuata 'East Palatka'
Ilex x attenuata 'Fosteri'
Ilex rotunda
Ilexlatifolia
Ilex 'Nellie R. Stevens'
Ilex x attenuata 'Savannah'
Ilex vomitoria 'Pendula'
Ilex vomitoria
Ostryavirginiana
Ficus elastica
Jacaranda mimosifolia
Piscidia piscipula
Cryptomeria japonica
Sophora japonica
Parkinsonia aculeata
Ceiba pentandra
Ochrosia elliptica
Ficus microcarpa & cvs.
Guaiacum sanctum
Tilia spp.
Gleditsia triacanthos & cvs.
Eriobotrya japonica
Litchi chinensis
Magnolia grandiflora cvs.
Magnolia x soulangeana
Magnolia grandiflora
Matrix type
1
5
1
1
5
4
5
5
5
4
2
5
2
5
5
5
2
5
1
3
3
1
2
5
1
5
2
2
5
5
1
1
5
1
1
1
5
5
4
4
4
2
2
2
5
1
4
4
4
5
5
5
4
4
Common Name
Genus/Species
mahoe
mahogany, West Indian
mango
mangrove, black
maple, Florida
maple, Japanese
maple, red
maple, silver
mastwood
mimosa
mimusops
mulberry, red
Norfolk Island-pine
noronhia
oak, blackjack
oak, bluff
oak, Darlington
oak, laurel
oak, live
oak, Cathedral OakTM live
oak, HighriseTM PP#11219 live
oak, MilleniumTM live
oak, pin
oak, post
oak, sand live
oak, sawtooth
oak, Shumard
oak, silkoak, southern red
oak, swamp-chestnut
oak, water
oak, white
oak, willow
olive, blackolive, spiny blackpagoda tree, Japanese
paradise tree
parasol tree
pencil tree
photinia, 'Red Top' & 'Red Tip'
pigeon-plum
pine
pine, Norfolk Islandpine, screwpistache, Chinese
pitch-apple
plum, Chickasaw
plum, pog
plum, pigeonpodocarpus, nagi
podocarpus, Japanese yew
podocarpus, weeping,
poinciana, dwarf
poinciana, royal
Hibiscus tiliaceus
Swietenia mahagoni
Mangifera indica & cvs.
Avicennia germinans
Acer floridanum
Acer palmatum
Acer rubrum & cvs.
Acer saccharinum
Calophylluminophyllum
Albizia julibrissin
Mimusops spp.
Morus rubra
Araucaria heterophylla
Noronhia emarginata
Quercus marilandica
Quercus austrina
Quercus hemisphaerica
Quercus laurifolia
Quercus virginiana
Quercus virginiana Cathedral OakTM
Quercus virginiana HighriseTM PP#11219
Quercus virginiana MilleniumTM
Quercus palustris
Quercus stellata
Quercus geminata
Quercus acutissima
Quercus shumardii
Grevillea robusta
Quercus falcata
Quercus michauxii
Quercus nigra
Quercus alba
Quercus phellos
Bucida buceras
Bucida spinosa
Sophora japonica
Simarouba glauca
Firmiana simplex
Euphorbia tirucalli
Photinia spp. & CVS.
Coccoloba diversifolia
Pinus spp.
Araucaria heterophylla
Pandanus utilis
Pistacia chinensis
Clusia rosea
Prunus angustifolia
Prunus umbellata
Coccoloba diversifolia
Podocarpus nagi
Podocarpus macrophyllus
Podocarpus gracilior
Caesalpinia pulcherrima
Delonix regia
39
Matrix Type
5
4
4
4
2
5
1
5
5
5
1
3
2
4
5
1
1
2
5
1
3
2
1
5
5
1
4
2
5
5
5
5
4
1
4
4
4
40
Common Name
Genus/Species
poplar
privet, glossy
privet, wax
redbud
river birch
rosewood, Indian
rubber tree, Indiansapodilla
sassafras
satinleaf
sausage tree
schefflera
screw-pine
sea-grape
senna
shaving brush tree
silk-cotton tree, red
silk-oak
sourwood
spiny black-olive
stopper
sweetgum
sycamore
syzygium
tabebuia
tamarind
tamarind, wildtropical-almond
tulip-poplar
tulip tree, Africantupelo
walnut, black
wax-myrtle
weeping willow
wild-tamarind
women’s-tongue tree
yellow-elder
Populus spp.
Ligustrum lucidum
Ligustrum japonicum
Cerciscanadensis
Betula nigra & cvs.
Dalbergiasissoo
Ficuselastica
Manilkarazapota
Sassafrasalbidum
Chrysophyllum spp.
Kigelia africana
Scheffleraactinophylla
Pandanus utilis
Coccolobauvifera
Cassia spp.
Pseudobombaxellipticum
Bombaxceiba
Grevillearobusta
Oxydendrum arboreum
Bucidaspinosa
Eugenia spp.
Liquidambar styraciflua & cvs.
Platanusoccidentalis
Syzygium spp.
Tabebuia spp.
Tamarindus indica
Lysilomalatisiliqua
Terminaliacatappa
Liriodendron tulipifera
Spathodeacampanulata
Nyssa spp.
Juglans nigra
Myrica cerifera
Salixbabylonica
Lysilomalatisiliqua
Albizialebbeck
Tecomastans
INDEX OF TREES COMMONLY SOLD BY FLORIDA NURSERIES LISTED BY
SCIENTIFIC NAME AND MATRIX TYPE
Matrix Type
5
4
5
4
5
5
4
4
2
2
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
4
4
5
5
5
5
5
1
4
4
5
5
1
5
1
1
1
4
4
4
4
1
4
2
2
2
3
5
4
Genus/Species
Common Name*
Acacia auriculiformis Cunn. ex Benth.
Acacia farnesiana (L.) Willd.
Acer floridanum (Chapman) Pax.
Acer palmatum Thunb.
Acer saccharinum L.
Acer rubrum & cvs.
Albizia julibrissin Durazz.
Albizia lebbeck (L.) Benth.
Araucaria bidwillii Hooker f.
Araucaria heterophylla (Salisb.) Franco
Averrhoa carambola L.
Avicennia germinans (L.) L.
Bauhinia spp.
Nolina recurvata (= Beaucarnea)
Betula nigra & cvs.
Bischofia javanica Blume
Bombax ceiba L.
Bucida buceras
Bucida spinosa (Northr.) Jennings
Bursera simaruba (L.) Sarg.
Caesalpinia pulcherrima (L.) Swartz
Callistemon spp.
Calophyllum brasiliense Camb.
Calophyllum inophyllum L.
Carpinus caroliniana Walter
Carya spp.
Cassia spp.
Ceiba pentandra (L.) Gaertn.
Celtis laevigata Willd.
Cercis canadensis L.
Chionanthus retusus Lindl.
Chionanthus virginicus L.
Chorisia speciosa St. Hil.
Chrysophyllum spp.
Cinnamomum camphora
Citrus spp.
Clusia rosea Jacq.
Coccoloba diversifolia Jacq.
Coccoloba uvifera (L.) L.
Conocarpus erectus L. & cvs.
Cordia sebestena L.
Cornus florida L. & cvs.
Crataegus spp.
Cryptomeria japonica D. Don
Cunninghamia lanceolata (Lamb.) Hook
X Cupressocyparis leylandii
Cupressus sempervirens L.
Dalbergia sissoo DC.
Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf.
earleaf acacia
sweet acacia
Florida maple
Japanese maple
silver maple
red maple
mimosa
women’s-tongue tree
bunya-bunya
Norfolk Island-pine
carambola
black mangrove
bauhinia
ponytail
river birch
bischofia
red silk-cotton tree
black-olive
spiny black-olive
gumbo limbo
dwarf poinciana
bottlebrush
Brazilian beautyleaf
mastwood
blue-beech
hickory
senna
kapok
hackberry
redbud
oriental fringetree
fringetree
floss silk tree
satinleaf
camphor tree
citrus
pitch-apple
pigeon-plum
sea-grape
buttonwood
geiger tree
floweringdogwood
hawthorn
Japanese-cedar
China-fir
Leyland cypress
Italian cypress
Indian rosewood
royal poinciana
*Hyphens in the common names indicate that the name used does not correspond to the name
ordinarily given to that particular group of plants. For example: yellow-elder is not a true elder;
China-fir is not a fir, etc.
41
Matrix Type
1
5
5
3
4
1
1
1
1
1
5
5
3
5
5
3
2
4
1
5
3
3
3
5
5
2
1
4
3
4
5
2
2
1
1
4
4
4
4
2
5
1
4
2
3
5
5
4
4
1
5
5
2
5
4
42
Genus/Species
Common Name
Eriobotrya japonica (Thunb.) Lindl.
Eucalyptus spp.
Eucalyptus cinerea Benth.
Eugenia spp.
Euphorbia tirucalli L.
Ficus benjamina L.
Ficus elastica Hornem. & cvs.
Ficus lyrata Warb.
Ficus microcarpa L. Vent. & cvs.
Ficus rubiginosa & cvs.
Firmiana simplex (L.) W.F. Wight
Fraxinus spp.
Garcinia speciosa Wall.
Ginkgo biloba L. & cvs.
Gleditsia triacanthos L. & cvs.
Gordonia lasianthus & cvs.
Grevillea robusta A. Cunn.
Guaiacum sanctum L.
Hibiscus tiliaceus L.
Ilex ‘Nellie R. Stevens’
Ilex x attenuata Ashe ‘East Palatka’
Ilex x attenuata ‘Fosteri’
Ilex x attenuata ‘Savannah’
Ilex cassine L. & vars. & cvs.
Ilex latifolia Thunb.
Ilex opaca Aiton
Ilex rotunda Thunb.
Ilex vomitoria Aiton
Ilex vomitoria Aiton ‘Pendula’
Jacaranda mimosifolia D. Don
Juglans nigra L.
Juniperus silicicola (Small) L.H. Bailey
Juniperus virginiana L.
Kigelia africana (Lam.) Benth.
Koelreuteria spp.
Lagerstroemia indica & tree cvs.
Lagerstroemia speciosa (L.) Pers.
Ligustrum japonicum
Ligustrum lucidum Aiton f.
Liquidambar styraciflua & cvs.
Liriodendron tulipifera L.
Litchi chinensis Sonn.
Lysiloma latisiliqua (L.) Benth.
Magnolia grandiflora
Magnolia grandiflora cvs.
Magnolia x soulangeana Soul.-Bod.
Magnolia virginiana L.
Malpighia glabra L.
Malus angustifolia (Aiton) Michaux
Mangifera indica L. & cvs.
Manilkara zapota (L.) Van Royen
Melia azedarach L.
Mimusops spp.
Morus rubra L.
Myrica cerifera
loquat
eucalyptus
silver dollar eucalyptus
stopper
pencil tree
weeping fig
Indian-rubber tree
fiddle leaf fig
Cuban-laurel
rusty fig
parasol tree
ash
garcinia
ginkgo
honey locust
loblolly bay
silk-oak
lignum-vitae
mahoe
Nellie Stevens hybrid holly
East Palatka holly
Foster holly
Savannah holly
dahoon holly
lusterleaf holly
American holly
round holly
yaupon holly
weeping yaupon holly
jacaranda
black walnut
southern red-cedar
eastern red-cedar
sausage tree
goldenrain tree
crape-myrtle
queen’s crape-myrtle
wax privet
glossy privet
sweetgum
tulip-poplar
lychee
wild-tamarind
southern magnolia
'Little Gem','Mainstreet', etc.
saucer magnolia
sweet-bay
Barbados-cherry
crab apple
mango
sapodilla
chinaberry
mimusops
red mulberry
wax-myrtle
Matrix Type
3
5
5
5
5
5
2
4
4
2
1
4
2
4
5
1
5
4
5
5
5
5
4
4
1
5
5
1
5
5
1
2
5
5
5
1
2
5
2
5
1
3
3
1
1
5
3
5
1
5
5
5
5
Genus/Species
Common Name
Nolina recurvata (Lem.) Hemsl.
Noronhia emarginata (Lam.) Hook.
Nyssa spp.
Ochrosia elliptica Labill.
Ostrya virginiana (Mill.) K. Koch
Oxydendrum arboreum (L.) DC.
Pandanus utilis Bory
Parkinsonia aculeata L.
Peltophorum pterocarpum (DC.) Heyne
Persea americana Mill.
Persea borbonia (L.) Spreng.
Photinia spp. & cvs.
Pinus spp.
Piscidia piscipula (L.) Sarg.
Pistacia chinensis Bunge
Platanus occidentalis
Platycladus orientalis (L.) Franco
Plumeria rubra L.
Podocarpus gracilior Pilg.
Podocarpus macrophyllus (Thunb.)
D. Don & cvs.
Podocarpus nagi (Thunb.) Mak.
Populus spp.
Prunus angustifolia Marsh.
Prunus umbellata Elliot
Pseudobombax ellipticum (HBK) Dugand
Psidium guajava L.
Quercus acutissima Carruth.
Quercus alba L.
Quercus austrina Small
Quercus falcata Michaux
Quercus geminata Small
Quercus hemisphaerica Willd.
Quercus laurifolia
Quercus marilandica Muenchh.
Quercus michauxii Nutt.
Quercus nigra L.
Quercus palustris Muenchh.
Quercus phellos L.
Quercus shumardii Buckl.
Quercus stellata Wangenh.
Quercus virginiana
Quercus virginiana Cathedral OakTM
Quercus virginiana HighriseTM PP#11219
Quercus virginiana MilleniumTM
Salix babylonica L.
Sassafras albidum (Nutt.) Nees
Schefflera actinophylla (Endl.) Harms
Simarouba glauca DC.
Sophora japonica L. & cvs.
Spathodea campanulata Beauv.
Swietenia mahagoni (L.) Jacq.
Syzygium spp.
Tabebuia spp.
ponytail
noronhia
tupelo & black-gum
kopsia
American hophornbeam
sourwood
screw-pine
Jerusalem thorn
yellow poinciana
avocado
red-bay
'Red Top' & 'Red Tip' photinia
pine
Jamaican-dogwood
Chinese pistache
sycamore
oriental arborvitae
frangipani
weeping podocarpus
Japanese yew podocarpus
nagi podocarpus
poplar & cottonwood
Chickasaw plum
hog plum
shaving brush tree
guava
sawtooth oak
white oak
bluff oak
southern red oak
sand live oak
Darlington oak
laurel oak
blackjack oak
swamp-chestnut oak
water oak
pin oak
willow oak
Shumard oak
post oak
live oak
Cathedral OakTM live oak
HighriseTM live oak
MilleniumTM live oak
weepingwillow
sassafras
schefflera
paradise tree
Japanese pagoda tree
African-tulip tree
West Indian mahogany
syzygium
tabebuia
43
Matrix Type
1
2
4
2
5
4
4
4
4
44
Genus/Species
Common Name
Tamarindus indica L.
Taxodium distichum
Tecoma stans (L.) HBK.
Terminalia catappa L.
Tilia spp.
Ulmus alata Michaux
Ulmus americana L. & cvs.
Ulmus parvifolia Jacq. & cvs.
Ulmus parvifolia ‘Drake’
tamarind
bald-cypress
yellow-elder
tropical-almond
linden & basswood
winged elm
American elm
Chinese elm
Drake elm
GLOSSARY OF TREE TERMS
Balled and burlapped (B & B): A soil ball containing
roots of the plant wrapped and secured in synthetic,
natural or treated burlap, and/or wire. All synthetic
fabric (Lenomesh) should be removed from the root
ball prior to planting. True biodegradable burlap
can be left around the root ball.
Crown spread diameter: Crown spread diameter is
the average of the widest branch spread and that
perpendicular to it (see Fig. 5).
A
A
A
B
B
B
Caliper: Trunk caliper (trunk diameter) is measured
6 inches from the ground on trees up to and
including 4 inches in caliper, and 12 inches above
the ground for larger trees. Since trunks are seldom
round, the average of the largest diameter and that
perpendicular to it is referred to as caliper. Any
accurate device including a diameter tape may be
used to measure caliper. Trees are placed in
diameter classes in order to grade them. For
example, trees in the 2-inch class include those
calipering 2 inches up to but not including 21/2
inches; those in the
21/2 -inch class include trees calipering 21/2 inches
up to but not including 3 inches, and so forth.
Crown: The branches, twigs and leaves that make up
the foliage portion of the tree.
Fig. 5. Add A and B together and divide
by two to obtain crown spread diameter.
Cured trees: Field-grown trees that are balled and
burlapped in the nursery with visible roots growing
through the burlap (Fig. 6).
Dominant leader: The trunk that grows up through
the center of the tree and obviously dominates the
rest of the branches. A dominant leader originates
from a single dominant trunk and is the topmost
part of a tree.
Chlorotic: A lightness or bleaching (typically
yellowing) of green color in the foliage unlike the
normal color. This indicates that the plant has not
been maintained in the best of health. Chlorotic is
not to be confused with normal yellowing of foliage
common on many deciduous species late in the
season. It is also not to be confused with yellowing
of leaves on evergreens just prior to a new leaf
flush.
Clear trunk: An industry term referring to that portion
of the trunk maintained free of any branches. The
clear trunk is the lower portion of the trunk measured
from the soil line up to the first major branch.
Temporary branches may exist on a clear trunk.
Conifer: Includes the genera Cryptomeria, Cuppressocyparis, Cunninghamia, Cupressus, Pinus.
Fig. 6. Cured trees have roots
growing through the burlap.
DBH:
Diameter at breast height. This is not an appropriate
method for valuating nursery trees.
Corrective pruning: Pruning which removes one or
more branches or trunks to create a stronger, wellstructured tree framework.
45
Fig. 7a. Example of a weak union illustrating
embedded or included bark which is squeezed
between the two trunks.
Fig. 8. Note the circling roots growing
along the outside surface of the root ball.
Grade: A level of plant quality that meets minimum
standards.
Grow bag: A fabric container used for growing trees
in field soil. Synthetic fabric grow bags should be
removed before planting.
Fig. 7b. Example of strong branch union without
embedded or included bark. Note the dark tissue
on the trunk just above the branch crotch. This is
the branch bark ridge. Its presence above the
branch indicates there is no included bark.
Included bark: Also referred to as embedded bark.
Bark between a branch and trunk or between trunks
that is squeezed together in the crotch of the
branch (see Fig. 7a). This typically happens on
upright-growing, large-diameter branches which grow
at a rate which is similar to the growth rate of the
trunk. This branch will be poorly connected to the
trunk and could easily break off from the trunk as
the tree grows older.
Leader: That part of the trunk that extends into the
top 1/4 of the tree.
Espalier: Any plant that is pruned, shaped and trained
against a trellis, usually in a container.
Major branch: A branch that is among the largest in
diameter on the tree.
Excessively root bound: A condition of containergrown trees where there are several roots larger
than 1/4 inch diameter growing on the outside edge
of the root ball (see Fig. 8).
Multiple leaders: Two or more trunks growing nearly
parallel to each other, originating any place along
the stem. The crotch angle between them is often
very narrow. This tree defect is more serious when
it occurs on the lower portion of the tree.
Flush cut: A pruning cut made too close to, or flush
with, the trunk. This type of cut is very detrimental
to tree health and is not recommended (see Fig. 4
on page 13). It is often difficult to determine
whether a flush cut was made 2 or more years after
the cut was made on a young tree.
46
Nearly-equal diameter: One trunk or branch is at
least 2/3 the diameter of the other. Measure the
branch diameter several inches out from the crotch
beyond any swelling at the branch base. Measure
the larger branch or trunk just above the crotch.