16·31 mayo/maio de 2013
Noticias
Notícias
01
Eventos
Eventos
04
Proyectos
Projectos
05
Artículos
Artigos
06
Libros
Livros
10
30
20-05-2013 · FORO COCHES ELÉCTRICOS
BMW ha pisado con fuerza el acelerador de su programa de coches eléctricos y según la consultora Credit Suisse este año invertirán 3.000 millones de euros en este departamento. BMW está especialmente interesado en el desarrollo de su programa eléctrico empujado por las normativas ambientales de la Unión Europea, que le obliga a bajar la media de emisiones de toda su gama de los 144.8 gramos actuales a los 138.4 para el 2015, y que posteriormente se estima será rebajado a los 95 gramos por kilómetro y donde los motores eléctricos serán la solución más efectiva. Esto empujará a fabricantes como BMW, con marcas como Mini o Rolls Royce a su espalda, a invertir mucho dinero en el rápido desarrollo de su gama de coches eléctricos, unas inversiones aceleradas que suponen casi la mitad de lo ingresado por sus ventas en China en todo el pasado año.
http://www.forococheselectricos.com/2013/05/bmw-invierte-3000-millones-de-euros-en.html
27-05-2013 · EL MUNDO
La empresa estadounidense-israelí de especialidad en movilidad eléctrica Better Place, concebida como un gran proyecto visionario en colaboración con el fabricante Renault para el intercambio de baterías en estaciones de servicio, se declaró hoy formalmente en bancarrota en un juzgado cerca de Tel Aviv. Fundada en 2007 por el empresario israelí-estadounidense Shai
Agassi, que fue obligado a abandonar el proyecto en octubre pasado, Better Place tuvo problemas con el cumplimiento de sus planes comerciales desde el principio. Este mismo mes, Better Place sufrió un duro golpe cuando el presidente de Renault y
Nissan, Carlos Ghosn, dijo en una entrevista que la compañía reducirá notablemente su producción de vehículos eléctricos con baterías intercambiables, precisamente el concepto sobre el que se basaba el proyecto de esta empresa.
http://www.elmundo.es/elmundomotor/2013/05/27/empresa/1369640622.html
28-05-2013 · LA VANGUARDIA
El turismo eléctrico Nissan Leaf, dos años después de su lanzamiento al mercado, ya opera como taxi en varios países europeos, entre ellos España, gracias a sus bajos costes de utilización y a sus cero emisiones. El Nissan Leaf también es taxi en la ciudad de Nueva York, en la que ha empezado a operar una pequeña flota de este modelo de cero emisiones, pero también en Río de Janeiro y varias ciudades de Japón. Según explica Nissan en un comunicado que detalla la expansión de este eléctrico como taxi urbano, una de las más fervientes defensoras del Leaf es la compañía Taxi-E con sede en
Amsterdam, con una flota de 13 unidades, que ya han cubierto 700.000 kilómetros. Los vehículos se cargan en estaciones de carga rápida entre dos y tres veces al día lo que significa que están siempre listos para recibir a los pasajeros. Zúrich.
http://www.lavanguardia.com/motor/20130528/54374457627/nissan-leaf-sector-taxi.html

MOBI2GRID · Proyecto transfronterizo “Corredor de Movilidad Eléctrica Oporto/Vigo“
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16-05-2013 · CARS21
Electric vehicles have required OEMs to come up with new business models in order to increase sales. Battery rental, EV leasing or EVs available in multiple battery sizes, are some of the innovative schemes that have been launched to reduce the initial cost of the car, thus helping to raise consumer interest in Europe, and also in the US.
Battery rental schemes offered for buyers and lessees of electric vehicles is a new trend that is becoming more popular in
Europe as well as in the USA. To increase sales of EVs, some electric car manufacturers such as Tesla and Mia Electric offers the option of choosing between different battery sizes, based on range needs. FIAT, has decided to follow another path and has launched an EV lease scheme in which the ICE version of the 500 and the 500e come at the same price.
http://www.cars21.com/news/view/5397
17-05-2013 · PLUGIN CARS
The California Center for Sustainable Energy (C.C.S.E.), based in San Diego, this week released the results of the nation’s largest survey of plug-in vehicle drivers. It conveys a clear picture of who is buying electric cars and plug-in hybrids, how they are using their vehicles, and their charging patterns. As we’ve seen from past surveys, EV owners drive their cars an average of nearly
29 miles per day-well below the range capabilities of their vehicles. Nonetheless, 40 percent of survey respondents were dissatisfied with their cars's electric range. Survey respondents essentially agree with Straubel. Fifty-seven percent indicated that it would take a range of 150 miles or more to be extremely satisfied.
http://www.plugincars.com/survey-be-satisfied-electric-car-drivers-want-150-miles-range-127255.html
24-05-2013 · EL MUNDO
La empresa Clem Ecologic, miembro de la Asociación Valenciana del Vehículo Eléctrico, ha presentado en Valencia durante la feria funeraria 'Funermostra' el primer coche fúnebre 100 % eléctrico con categoría M1. La empresa valenciana ha trabajado en el proyecto junto a las empresas Jofemar e Indusauto. Este nuevo sistema permite la instalación de un motor eléctrico en cualquier modelo de coche del mercado y su carga de baterías en cualquier toma de red eléctrica doméstica. El modelo ha sido adquirido por el grupo ASV Servicios Funerarios para el cementerio de Almería.
http://www.elmundo.es/elmundomotor/2013/05/24/conductores/1369415792.html
28-05-2013 · FRANCE 24
Germany plans to have one million electric vehicles on its roads by 2020, but so far that goal seems remote as the nation's motorists have shown little love for the quietly humming vehicles. So far, the number of electric vehicles registered in Germany is just some 7,000. Chancellor Angela Merkel put on a brave face in light of the statistics, speaking Monday at a governmentorganised international forum in Berlin, where she affirmed that she is a believer in electric mobility. She said electric cars could be a "core sector of our industrial production", with the auto sector making up one quarter of Germany's exports.
But so far Germans, used to putting their gas pedals to the floor on the famous autobahn highways, have been slow to accept electric cars. In the first four months of the year, only about 1,500 electric cars were newly registered, after a total of about 3,000 last year. There are also 65,000 registered hybrid vehicles with both electric and fuel engines.
http://www.france24.com/en/20130528-electric-cars-slow-gain-traction-germany

Boletín del Observatorio para la Movilidad Eléctrica en la Eurorregión · Nº 30
28-05-2013 · BLOOMBERG
France’s government would prefer that municipalities take the lead in developing electric-car charging stations, Industry Minister Arnaud
Montebourg said. A national operator could “intervene” should locally backed charging networks be slow to develop, “but it would best for it to intervene eventually, not now,” Montebourg said today at a conference in Paris of French mayors. France, responding to public concern about rising fuel prices and climate change, already backs the segment, offering drivers a rebate of 7,000 euros on the purchase of a battery-powered vehicle and 4,000 euros for a hybrid electric-gasoline model. France now counts about 6,000 charging stations for electric vehicles and plans to increase that to 8,000 points by the end of the year, Montebourg said.
http://www.bloomberg.com/news/2013-05-28/france-to-push-local-electric-car-charging-network-plans.html
28-05-2013 · EL PAÍS
El presidente de los grupos automovilísticos Renault y Nissan, Carlos Ghosn, señaló hoy que espera superar el umbral de los 100.000 vehículos eléctricos vendidos a finales de año. Renault ha comercializado unos 4.000 vehículos eléctricos desde el lanzamiento de su programa en 2011. El directivo insistió en que pese a la liquidación judicial de su socio israelí
Better Place, especializado en baterías de carga rápida, continuarán con el desarrollo de esa tecnología. Ghosn defendió el acuerdo de competitividad firmado en Francia con los sindicatos porque eso va a permitir fabricar en alguna de sus plantas vehículos de Nissan. Explicó que gracias a ese compromiso, Renault podrá pasar de una producción de 530.000
vehículos anuales a más de 700.000 en el horizonte de 2016-2017.
http://economia.elpais.com/economia/2013/05/28/agencias/1369724623_069991.html
28-05-2013 · TORQUE NEWS
Accessing any electric car charging station in Europe could be as easy as scanning a QR code tag, with a new joint venture formed by German manufacturers, Hubject GmbH. At the International Emobility Conference in Berlin, Hubject GmbH announced intercharge, an "eRoaming" platform enabling European electric car owners to use any charging station. The company, a joint venture between BMW Group, BOSCH, Daimler AG, EnBW, RWE and Siemens, carries the tagline "Charge wherever you like," or the vision of electric car owners being able to use any charging station without being required to maintain a membership with the charging station owner.
http://www.torquenews.com/1075/europeans-using-qr-codes-access-electric-car-charging-new-german-joint-venture
31-05-2013 · FORO COCHES ELÉCTRICOS
El autobús fue desarrollado por un consorcio público-privado con ABB Sécheron, la autoridad de transporte público de Ginebra (TPG) y
SIG, y el proveedor de electricidad de la ciudad suiza, un modelo articulado que funciona con un sistema dotado de una potencia de 400 kW que permite recargas parciales de 15 segundos en cada parada. Este modelo articulado inicialmente ha comenzado a funcionar el pasado 26 de mayo en un recorrido inaugural desde el aeropuerto de Ginebra hasta el cercano centro de exposiciones de Palexpo, donde la Asociación Internacional de Transporte Público (International Association of Public Transport, UITP) está celebrando su 60º congreso mundial. Según los responsables del proyecto, los costes de infraestructura para el suministro de cargas ultra rápidas son menores que los de un trolebús eléctrico estándar con la misma capacidad, una ventaja que se suma a la flexibilidad del concepto de autobús que puede variar su ruta según las necesidades de movilidad de la ciudad, algo imposible para un vehículo que dependa de una vía o una catenaria.
http://www.forococheselectricos.com/2013/05/abb-presenta-un-revolucionario-autobus.html
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http://www.itsineurope.com
MOBI2GRID · Proyecto transfronterizo “Corredor de Movilidad Eléctrica Oporto/Vigo“
http://www.amaa.de
4-7 de junio 2013, Dublín (Ireland)
The 9 th European Congress and Exhibition will be held 4-7 June
2013 in Dublin. It comes in the wake of an extraordinarily successful
19 th ITS World Congress held in Vienna in October 2012. In terms of lead generation, number and profile of participants, number and scope of deals initiated or made, new records were reached.
The theme of ITS Dublin 2013 is “Real Solutions for Real Needs”
All regions face similar challenges in delivering sustainable transport solutions to meet their current and future mobility requirements. Transport authorities are aware of the real needs specific to their region but often find it difficult to identify detailed information on targeted ITS solutions that would deliver direct and tangible positive outcomes.
The primary focus of Dublin 2013 Congress will be on proven deployed solutions and innovative R&D that solve real problems and deliver value for money in today’s challenging economic environment.
The Congress is an associated event of the Irish Presidency of the Council of the European Union.
http://www.advancedautobat.com/conferences/automotive-battery-conference-
Europe-2013/index.html
17-18 de junio 2013, Berlín (Germany)
The road vehicle of the future will embrace innovations from three major automotive technology fields: driver assistance systems, vehicle networking and alternative propulsion. Smart systems such as adaptive ICT components and MEMS devices, novel network architectures, integrated sensor systems, intelligent interfaces and functional materials form the basis of these features and permit their successful and synergetic integration. They increasingly appear to be the key enabling technologies for safe and green road mobility.
It has been the mission of the International Forum on
Advanced Microsystems for Automotive Applications
(AMAA) for more than fifteen years to detect novel trends like this and to discuss the technological implications from early on. Therefore, the topic of the AMAA 2013 will be
“Smart Systems for Safe and Green Vehicles”.
http://www.batteriesevent.com
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24-28 de junio 2013, Estrasburgo (France)
Join us for AABC Europe 2013, the premier European advanced battery conference, unrivaled in its high standard of presentations and extraordinary networking opportunities!
The fourth European AABC will examine the expanding advanced battery market with a focus on the activities and needs of European automakers.
The fourth European AABC will examine the expanding advanced battery market with a focus on the activities and needs of European automakers.
LLIBTA Symposium Large Lithium Ion Battery Technology and Application.
ECCAP Symposium Large EC Capacitor Technology and
Application.
AABTAM Symposium Advanced Automotive Battery
Technology, Application and Market.
14-16 de octubre 2013, Niza (France)
Last year, the congress hosted more 350 attendees from
70 countries worldwide and gathered the main actors of the sectors in Nice, in heart of the French Riviera.
This year, we would give you the opportunity to promote yourself as a key player and have your branding reach the delegates at the event, and the wider battery professional community. What better way to build your market position than by affiliating your company with this exciting event?
For this, you have the possibility to book a booth adapted to your needs. In order to do so, different sizes are available
(between 6m 2 and 12m 2 ).
“Visibility + Interactivity = Increase your business opportunities”.

Boletín del Observatorio para la Movilidad Eléctrica en la Eurorregión · Nº 30
Programa:
VII Programa Marco
Área:
Green Cars - Transport
Presupuesto total del proyecto: 2,4 M €
Coordinador:
Douaisienne de Basse Tension SAS
Fecha de inicio:
01-10-2012
Fecha fin:
30-09-2015
FastInCharge will last 36 months and be lead by a consortium of 9 partners (France, Spain, Greece, Bulgaria, Italia and Slovakia): 1
SME specialised in charging infrastructure for electric vehicles (DBT), 1 industrial group of automotive engineering (BATZ), 3 research organisations, specialists of contactless power, automotive engineering and energy management systems (Tecnalia, TU Gabrovo,
NTU Athens), 1 end-user (Douai), 1 cluster (ACWS), 1 SME in innovation management (EQY) and 1 OEM (CRF). The overall objective of FastInCharge is to foster the democratisation of electric vehicles in the urban environment by developing an easier and more comfortable charging solution which will enable to ease the EV use by the large public and facilitate their implementation in the urban grid. FastInCharges intention is to develop a cost-effective modular infrastructure offering a global solution for EV charging. Its success will boost research in the direction of dynamic charging solutions. The concept of FastInCharge is to create a highly performing inductive solution which will enable a 40 kW power transfer to the vehicles in two charging operational situations: one stationary and one onroute. The inductive technology developed will be integrated into: three different electric cars of different types (secondary charging block) and four charging stations, one stationary and three on-route (primary charging block). The full functional chain will be carefully scrutinised in order to ensure an optimal, safe and sustainable solution: battery charging, EV performance and safety, EV range, communication EV/Station, connection station to the grid, grid management and energy supply, intelligent coordinated systems. The programme consists in seven work packages: 1) Specifications, 2) Development of fast inductive charging infrastructure, 3) Development of integration solutions; 4) Prototyping and testing; 5) Demonstration, 6) Dissemination and Exploitation, 7) Management.
http://cordis.europa.eu/projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=app.details&TXT=fastincharge&FRM=1&STP=10&SIC=&PGA=&CCY=&PCY=&SRC=&LNG=es&REF=106328 http://www.fastincharge.eu
Participantes:
Programa:
VII Programa Marco
Área:
Green Cars - NMP
Presupuesto total del proyecto: 5,04 M€
Coordinador:
Asociacion Instituto Tecnologico de la Energia
Fecha de inicio:
01-06-2011
Fecha fin:
31-12-2013
SOMABAT aims to develop more environmental friendly, safer and better performing high power Li polymer battery by the development of novel breakthrough recyclable solid materials to be used as anode, cathode and solid polymer electrolyte, new alternatives to recycle the different components of the battery and cycle life analysis. This challenge will be achieved by using new low-cost synthesis and processing methods in which it is possible to tailor the different properties of the materials. Development of different novel synthetic and recyclable materials based carbon based hybrid materials, novel LiFePO4 and LiFeMnPO4 based nanocomposite cathode with a conductive polymers or carbons, and highly conductive electrolyte membranes with porous architecture based on fluorinated matrices with nanosized particles and others based on a series of polyphosphates and polyphosphonates polymers will respond to the very ambitious challenge of adequate energy density, lifetime and safety. An assessment and test of the potential recyclability and revalorisation of the battery components developed and life cycle assessment of the cell will allow the development of a more environmental friendly Li polymer battery in which a 50 % weight of the battery will be recyclable and a reduction of the final cost of the battery up to 150 ?/KWh. The consortium has made up with experts in the field and complementary in terms of R&D expertise and geographic distribution.
http://cordis.europa.eu/projects/index.cfm?fuseaction=app.details&TXT=somabat&FRM=1&STP=10&SIC=&PGA=&CCY=&PCY=&SRC=&LNG=es&REF=97647 http://somabat1.ite.es
Participantes:
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MOBI2GRID · Proyecto transfronterizo “Corredor de Movilidad Eléctrica Oporto/Vigo“
“A flexible architecture for managing vehicle sharing systems”
Autores: A. G. Bianchessi, C. Ongini, S. Rotondi, M. Tanelli, M. Rossi, G. Cugola, and S. M. Savaresi · Revista: IEEE Embedded Systems Letters · Fecha: 2013
Vehicle sharing systems are the key to sustainable mobility. They need to possess adaptation features to answer the different user needs, and must be automated to avoid intermediaries between users and system. Finally, they must be based on a wide variety of vehicles and on an open ownership model to become a viable alternative to private vehicles. This letter presents the solution devised in the Green Move project to tackle this challenge. In particular, it focuses on the Green Move vehicle on-board units, for which a dedicated middleware is being developed. The middleware allows developers to create applications that can be dynamically loaded/unloaded while preserving the needed safety levels of the vehicle motion functions.
“Research on Data Display for New Electric Vehicle”
Autores: Q. C. Bai, C. X. Jin, D. L. Yang, and M. H. Wang · Revista: Advanced Materials Research · Vol.: 694–697 · Pág.: 2675-2679 ·
Fecha: Jul. 2013
Based on the data display of instrument for the current electric vehicle is imperfect, this paper puts forward designing a generic electronic instrument of electric vehicle with speed, mileage and power data display function. The microcontroller of AT89C52 is the core of system design. The design uses Hall sensor as a speed detection sensor to realize the mileage/speed measurement display of electric vehicle. It uses the 24C02 saving the mileage information in case of power-down system, uses LED module in real-time displaying the speed, mileage and power, and provides the alarm function of hypervelocity. The design of the system is in real time, running well in the test, may be promoted to the electric vehicles research and development industry.
“Study of Aerodynamic Drag Reduction on a Compact Electric Vehicle”
Autores: Z. G. Yang, H. Zhu, and J. Wang · Revista: Advanced Materials Research · Vol.: 694-697 · Pág.: 51-55 · Fecha: Jul. 2013
Aerodynamic drag of compact electric vehicles is of significant interest in reducing energy consumption. This study focused on how to reduce drag for a compact electric vehicle by shape optimization such as lengthening the tail, changing the frontwindshield inclination, modifying the diffuser angle and filling up the front structure details of the vehicle model. Some separately refined models and one integrated refined model were built. The simulation was conducted using the RANS k-epsilon turbulence model by Computational Fluid Dynamics. The results show that nearly every refined model has a lower drag, and the drag coefficient of the integrated refined model has an 8.4% slash compared to the original vehicle model.
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“Application of an Optimal Control Problem to a Trip-Based Energy Management for Electric Vehicles”
Autores: T. J. Boehme, F. Held, C. Rollinger, H. Rabba, M. Schultalbers, and B. Lampe · Revista: SAE International Journal of Alternative Powertrains
· Vol.: 2 · Nº: 1 · Pág.: 115-126 · Fecha: May. 2013
A trip-based energy management strategy for electric vehicles (EVs) is proposed. It can use deterministic routing information obtained from, nowadays, available navigation systems and determines stochastic descriptions of process uncertainties such as stop events as unpredictable disturbances. A dynamic programming algorithm is used to calculate the optimal control trajectories required to reach the target destination safely and to suggest the driver an optimal driving style to maximize the battery range. The algorithm is implemented on a rapid prototyping platform using MATLAB/Simulink. Simulations and experimental results obtained from an EV prototype car are presented.

Boletín del Observatorio para la Movilidad Eléctrica en la Eurorregión · Nº 30
“Design of an Information Integration Control Network for Hybrid Electric Trucks”
Autores: G. Y. Li, J. Xu, and F. Yang · Revista: Advanced Materials Research · Vol.: 694-697 · Pág.: 2572-2575 · Fecha: Jul. 2013
In view of the requirements on multi-target information interaction and implementing complicated control strategies among different
ECUs in hybrid electric trucks, an information integration control network based on CAN bus is proposed. A HCS12 dual-core processor MC9S12XDG128 is adopted to design an information integration module for sensor signal acquisition and data transmission in the network. Application layer protocol is defined to optimize the message transmission mechanism. Meanwhile,
Rate Monotonic Analysis (RMA) method is adopted to analyze bus load rate and real-time performance of the network. Bench test results have shown that the designed information integration control network for hybrid electric trucks owns good real-time performance and is reliable to implement communication and control tasks with low bus load rate.
“A Test Bench for Power Train of Electric Hybrid Vehicle”
Autores: R. G. Wang, L. T. Zhang, C. Yu, Z. L. Yang, and G. K. Shi · Revista: Advanced Materials Research · Vol.: 694-697 · Pág.: 1591-1594 · Fecha: Jul. 2013
A new type test bench was developed for power train used in electric hybrid vehicle. This bench was mainly composed of inertial flywheels, brake, clutch, dynameters, and controller. When testing the power train, the engine, power train, inertial flywheels, brake, clutch and dynameters are connected in series. One end of inertial flywheels is connected with output end of power train; the other end is connected with a clutch. Between the inertial flywheels and clutch, there is a brake for braking of flywheels.
The clutch is for connection and disconnection of inertial flywheels and dynameters. This new test bench can perform different power modes with corresponding operation modes set in the main controller.
“Battery Electric Vehicle (BEV) or Range Extended Electric Vehicle (REEV)? -Deciding Between Different Alternative
Drives Based on Measured Individual Operational Profiles”
Autores: S. Marker, B. Rippel, P. Waldowski, A. Schulz, and V. Schindler · Revista: Oil & Gas Science and Technology - Revue d’IFP Energies nouvelles · Vol.: 68 · Nº: 1 · Pág.: 65-77 · Fecha: May. 2013
In recent years, a large number of concepts for drive train electrification and a corresponding broad variety of available drive train configurations were presented to the public. They all have their pros and cons for the customer. This paper discusses a tool enabling the customer to select the drive train which is best suited to his individual purposes. The presented approach focuses on BEV and REEV and is characterized by a three-step procedure:
– the customer’s individual driving behaviour is measured; – individualized driving cycles and operational habits including the daily kilometrage are derived; – numerical models of the alternative drive train concepts are run to simulate the energy consumption by applying these individualized cycles.
The study reveals that battery sizing is the most important component. It would be more efficient to use a REEV with a smaller battery instead of a BEV: at a given range of 50 km the BEV covers 50% of the kilometers (corresponding to 90% of all daily distances) while the REEV covers 100% of all daily distances, out of it 70% on electric driving. This leads to less CO
2
emission compared to the combined use of BEV and conventional cars. The REEV with the smallest battery is amortized first referred to conventional cars. The influence of the individual usage pattern can be translated to operational costs. The REEV urban driver covers 85% by electric driving and has thus lower operational costs than the REEV inter-urban driver with 64% electric driving.
“Application of Electric Servo Brake System to Plug-In Hybrid Vehicle”
Autores: N. Ohkubo, S. Matsushita, M. Ueno, K. Akamine, and K. Hatano · Revista: SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars – Electron. Electr. Syst.
· Vol.: 6 · Nº: 1 · Pág.:
255-260 · Fecha: May. 2013
An electric servo brake system applied for use on electric vehicles was applied for use on plug-in hybrid vehicles in order to achieve fuel-savings together with good brake feel and enhanced operability for plug-in hybrid vehicles. The electric servo brake system is made up of highly accurate braking pressure control that functions cooperatively with regenerative brakes together with a structure in which pedal force is not influenced by braking pressure control. The configuration of these components enabled good braking feel even when the power train was being switched from one drive mode to another. Automated pressurization functions that are intended for plug-in hybrid vehicles and that operate with electric servo brake systems were also developed. These developed functions include stall cooperative control that functions cooperatively with the power train, regenerative coordinate adaptive cruise control, and hill-start assist. The application of these automated pressurization functions enabled the reduction of fuel consumption and enhancement of operability.
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MOBI2GRID · Proyecto transfronterizo “Corredor de Movilidad Eléctrica Oporto/Vigo“
8
“Rapid Prototyping for the Vehicle Control Unit of a Full Drive-by-Wire Electric Vehicle ”
Autores: C. F. Zong, H. Y. Zheng, P. Song, and L. He · Revista: Advanced Materials Research · Vol.: 694-697 · Pág.: 1573-1581 · Fecha: Jul. 2013
This paper presents a full drive-by-wire vehicle named Urban Future Electric Vehicle (UFEV) and introduces the detailed design of its vehicle control unit (VCU). The LabVIEW and PXI solution is selected for the rapid prototyping of VCU, which also acts as a real-time test, measurement and control platform for UFEV. To address its unique features, the design and transition of specific driving modes are introduced. Experiments show that omnidirectional moving can be implemented accurately and reliably by using the proposed design.
“Optimal Wheel Torque Distribution for a Four-Wheel-Drive Fully Electric Vehicle”
Autores: L. De Novellis, A. Sorniotti, and P. Gruber · Revista: SAE Int. J. Passeng. Cars - Mech. Syst.
· Vol.: 6 · Nº: 1 · Pág.: 128–136 ·
Fecha: May. 2013
Vehicle handling in steady-state and transient conditions can be significantly enhanced with the continuous modulation of the driving and braking torques of each wheel via dedicated torque-vectoring controllers. For fully electric vehicles with multiple electric motor drives, the enhancements can be achieved through a control allocation algorithm for the determination of the wheel torque distribution. This article analyzes alternative cost functions developed for the allocation of the wheel torques for a four-wheel-driven fully electric vehicle with individually controlled motors. Results in terms of wheel torque and tire slip distributions among the four wheels, and of input power to the electric drivetrains as functions of lateral acceleration are presented and discussed in detail. The cost functions based on minimizing tire slip allow better control performance than the functions based on energy efficiency for the case-study vehicle.
“Hybrid energy storage systems and battery management for electric vehicles”
Autores: S. Park, Y. Kim, and N. Chang · Revista: Proceedings of the 50 th Annual Design Automation Conference on - DAC ’13 · Pág.: 1 · Fecha: 2013
Electric vehicles (EV) are considered as a strong alternative of internal combustion engine vehicles expecting lower carbon emission.
However, their actual benefits are not yet clearly verified while the energy efficiency can be improved in many ways. The carbon emission benefits from EV is largely diminished if we charge EV with electricity from petroleum power plants due to power loss during generation, transmission, conversion and charging. On the other hand, regenerative braking is direct power conversion from the wheel to battery and one of the most important processes that can enhance energy efficiency of EV. Power loss during regenerative braking can be reduced by hybrid energy storage system (HESS) such that supercapacitors accept high power as batteries have small rate capability.
Conventional charge management does not systematically exchange charge between the supercapacitor and battery. However, asymmetry in acceleration and deceleration as well as battery charging and discharging capability make the supercapacitor state of charge (SoC) management override the efficiency optimization. Unlike previous works, we show how charge migration during idle and cruise/stopping time can be beneficial in terms of energy efficiency and cruise range. Systematic charge migration decouples SoC management and charging efficiency optimization giving a higher degree of freedom to charging efficiency optimization. We demonstrate the proposed charge migration between the supercapacitor and battery improves energy efficiency by 19.4%.
“Performance Plus Range: Combined Battery Concept for Plug-In Hybrid Vehicles”
Autores: J. Bockstette, K. Habermann, J. Ogrzewalla, M. Pischinger, and D. Seibert · Revista: SAE International Journal of Alternative Powertrains ·
Vol.: 2 · Nº: 1 · Pág.: 156-171 · Fecha: May. 2013
PHEV batteries must fulfill a divergent list of requirements: on the one hand, the battery must supply sufficient energy to ensure it can be driven an appropriate distance in EV-mode. On the other hand, even with a low state-of-charge (SOC), the battery must supply sufficient power to assist the engine in vehicle acceleration or to recuperate on deceleration. This leads to a compromise in terms of cell selection. Fundamentally, high energy cells cannot provide high charge and discharge rates and high power cells cannot provide sufficient energy. Consequently, the battery can either be provided with the required energy content by switching many power cells in parallel, or it can meet the power requirements with the help of a very large energy battery with a low discharge rate. Neither solution is optimal in terms of the packaging, weight and cost aspects.
This paper presents an innovative and cost-efficient battery concept including customized set-up of the battery through combination of the energy and power modules. The current flow from the battery’s energy pack to the power pack and back is realized through a cost-efficient current controller. The combined battery utilizes a predefined current, offering advantages in terms of predicted service life in comparison with conventional batteries. The combined battery provides cost advantages of 12% and weight advantages of
18% compared with conventional battery technology.

Boletín del Observatorio para la Movilidad Eléctrica en la Eurorregión · Nº 30
“Optimal placement of charging infrastructures for large-scale integration of pure electric vehicles into grid”
Autores: H. Xu, S. Miao, C. Zhang, and D. Shi · Revista: International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems · Vol.: 53 · Pág.: 159-165 ·
Fecha: Dec. 2013
The optimal placement of charging infrastructures owns fundamental importance to the popularization of pure electric vehicles
(PEVs). This paper focuses on the optimal configuration of centralized charging stations (CCSs) under the condition of largescale integration of PEVs into grid. A mathematical model to formulate the optimal CCS placement problem is firstly established.
Then the distribution discipline of CCSs in the optimum CCS configuration with minimum total transportation distance (TTD) is shed light on according to the mathematical model, and it in turn helps to identify the candidate CCS locations which turn out to be discrete, finite, fit for numerical calculation and reliable. Finally a further optimization model within the searching space of these candidate CCS locations is proposed to identify the optimum CCS configuration, and solved by a modified binary particle swarm optimization (BPSO) based on Taboo mechanism (TM). The resultant optimization method, named TM-BPSO, can make up the defect of premature convergence of the original BPSO to a certain extent. A large number of numerical examples verify the correctness of the proposed strategy and the applicability of the modified BPSO in this study.
“Factors affecting the adoption of vehicle sharing systems by young drivers”
Autores: D. Efthymiou, C. Antoniou, and P. Waddell · Revista: Transport Policy · Vol.: 29 · Pág.: 64-73 · Fecha: Sep. 2013
Transportation patterns in big cities are redefined by the growing trend of car ownership and usage costs (e.g. the initial cost of buying a car, the constantly growing fuel prices, additional maintenance and insurance costs and the increased parking demand and time of travel). The demand for alternative vehicle-sharing transportation modes, such as carsharing or bikesharing, increases. Companies and authorities planning to develop such schemes need to know the factors driving their adoption to optimally position these services in a cost-effective way that will maximize their use. In this paper, the results of an on-line survey that was conducted in Greece, a country where carsharing is effectively non-existent and bikesharing is just emerging, are presented and analyzed. The model results suggest that respondents with annual income between 15 K and 25 K Euros are more likely to join carsharing or bikesharing systems when they become available in Greece. Carsharing is also expected to mainly attract people that use bus, trolley or tram for their commute, while bikesharing is more likely to attract those who go on foot.
“The Future Adoption and Benefit of Electric Vehicles: A Parametric Assessment”
Autores: G. E. Barter, D. Reichmuth, T. H. West, and D. K. Manley · Revista: SAE International Journal of Alternative Powertrains · Vol.: 2 · Nº: 1 · Pág.:
82-95 · Fecha: May. 2013
We present a parametric analysis of electric vehicle (EV) adoption rates and the corresponding contribution to greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction in the US light-duty vehicle (LDV) fleet through 2050. The analysis is performed with a system dynamics based model of the supply-demand interactions among the fleet, its fuels, and the corresponding primary energy sources.
The differentiating feature of the model is the ability to conduct global sensitivity and parametric trade-space analyses. We find that many factors impact the adoption rates of EVs. These include, in particular, policy initiatives that encourage consumers to consider lifetime ownership costs, the price of oil, battery performance, as well as the pace of technological development for all powertrains (conventional internal combustion engines included).
“Development of electric vehicles use in China: A study from the perspective of life-cycle energy consumption and greenhouse gas emissions”
Autores: G. Zhou, X. Ou, and X. Zhang · Revista: Energy Policy · Fecha: May. 2013
China has promoted the use of electric vehicles vigorously since 2009; the program is still in its pilot phase. This study investigates the development of electric vehicle use in China from the perspectives of energy consumption and greenhouse-gas (GHG) emissions.
Energy consumption and GHG emissions of plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs) and pure battery electric vehicles (BEVs) are examined on the level of the regional power grid in 2009 through comparison with the energy consumption and GHG emissions of conventional gasoline internal combustion engine vehicles. The life-cycle analysis module in Tsinghua-LCAM, which is based on the
GREET platform, is adopted and adapted to the life-cycle analysis of automotive energy pathways in China. Moreover, medium term
(2015) and long term (2020) energy consumption and greenhouse-gas emissions of PHEVs and BEVs are projected, in accordance with the expected development target in the Energy Efficient and Alternative Energy Vehicles Industry Development Plan (2012–2020) for China. Finally, policy recommendations are provided for the proper development of electric vehicle use in China.
9

MOBI2GRID · Proyecto transfronterizo “Corredor de Movilidad Eléctrica Oporto/Vigo“
Autor/es:
S. International
Páginas:
158
Edit.: SupplierBusiness, 2013 Precio: 2110$
Technology & Engineering
Hybrid-electric drivetrains are well established in the market and other hybrid technologies, such as hybrid-hydraulic and hybrid-kinetic, are being investigated; several OEMs are conducting hydrogen fuel cell vehicle trials; and the first mass-production electric and range extended electric vehicles are now on the market.
This new, 158-page report analyzes the market drivers, market challenges and market dynamics and forecasts for electric and range extended electric light-vehicles. Available electric vehicles are also featured, including low-speed ‘neighborhood’ EVs, three-wheeled EVs, electric cars and light commercial vehicles, and range-extended EVs.
The report also examines enabling technologies including batteries and energy storage, new anode technologies, electric motors, transmissions, range extenders and electric vehicle supply equipment.
Autor/es:
S. International
Páginas:
204
Edit.: SupplierBusiness, 2013
Precio: 2110$
Technology & Engineering
The hybrid powertrain is now part of the mainstream. Hybridization is here to stay as part of most
OEMs’ mainstream offerings. During the past two to three years, OEMs and suppliers have devoted significant resources to bringing the on-cost of a hybrid powertrain down whilst improving performance, bringing large gains in technology performance and relative cost benefits.
This 284-page report provides a detailed study on the Hybrid Electric Light Vehicles sector examining market drivers, types of hybrids, and market challenges, along with market dynamics and forecasts.
Furthermore, the report examines enabling technologies and looks at OEM strategies, as well as including profiles of 22 key suppliers within this sector.
10
Autor/es:
A. Szumanowski
Páginas:
314
ISBN:
978-1466640429
Edit.: IGI Global, 2013
Precio: 165$
Technology & Engineering
Hybridization is an increasingly popular paradigm in the auto industry, but one that is not fully understood by car manufacturers. In general, hybrid electric vehicles (HEV) are designed without regard to the mechanics of the power train, which is developed similarly to its counterparts in internal combustion engines.Hybrid Electric Power Train Engineering and Technology: Modeling, Control, and Simulation provides readers with an academic investigation into HEV power train design using mathematical modeling and simulation of various hybrid electric motors and control systems. This book explores the construction of the most energy efficient power trains, which is of importance to designers, manufacturers, and students of mechanical engineering. This book is part of the Research
Essentials collection.