KS3 Sc MS1+2 Intro.qxp
Sc
KEY STAGE
3
TIERS
2/1/08
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Page 1
Science tests
Mark scheme
for Papers 1 and 2
2008
3–7
National curriculum assessments
KS3 Sc MS1+2 Intro.qxp
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Page 2
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Introduction
Introduction
The test papers will be marked by external markers. The markers will follow the mark
scheme in this booklet, which is provided here to inform teachers.
This booklet includes the mark scheme for paper 1 and paper 2 in both tiers.
The structure of the mark scheme for tiers 3–6 and 5–7
The mark scheme for each question shows:
■
the teaching points from the key stage 3 programme of study
■
the marks available for each part of the question
■
the total marks available for the question
■
the answer or expected answers, indicated by an asterisk
■
additional guidance to assist markers in making professional judgements.
When a question appears in an identical form in both tiers, the answers to the
question are given only once in the mark scheme. For clarity, both question numbers
are given. The following example, from tier 3–6 paper 2 question 11 and from
tier 5–7 paper 2 question 4, illustrates this.
Tier
3–6
5–7
Q No
11
4
Part
Mark
ai
3/3d
1
* it is neutral ✔
a ii
3/3d
1
* any number less than 7
a iii
3/3f
1
any one from
* they are alkaline or an alkali
Answer
Accept
Additional guidance
if more than one box is ticked,
award no mark
accept ‘a soluble base’
accept ‘it has a pH above 7’
specific pH values such as
‘its pH is 8.5’ are insufficient
* they react with the acid
Where more than one answer is acceptable, this is indicated in the mark scheme by
‘any one from’. Each possible correct answer is marked with an asterisk. In some
cases, alternative answers are indicated by ‘or’.
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Page 3
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Introduction
In the following example from part a of tier 3–6 paper 2 question 3, an answer giving
‘crushed into powder’ and ‘smoother and broken into pieces’ will be awarded two
marks. However, an answer which gives ‘smooth like a pebble’ will be given only one
mark, as ‘smooth’ and ‘like a pebble’ are equivalent answers.
Part
Mark
ai
1/2g
2
Answer
Accept
Additional guidance
any two from
* smoother or rounder
accept ‘it was more like a pebble’
* broken or crumbled or crushed accept ‘it eroded’
or it was smaller pieces
or ‘it weathered’
* powder or dust formed
In the following example, from part a of tier 5–7 paper 2 question 11, the statement in
bold type in the Additional guidance column is given in order to indicate the general
requirement of the question.
Part
Mark
Answer
Accept
a
1/2k
Additional guidance
one conclusion should relate to the number
of cigarettes and the other to the effect of age
1
* the more cigarettes accept ‘smoking 5
smoked, the greater cigarettes a day is less
the number or
harmful than smoking 20’
percentage that die
1
* the risk increases
accept statements such
with age or is
as ‘20 cigarettes a day is
greater in older men worse when you are
45–64 than under 45’
accept the converse
statements that do not make a generalisation,
such as ‘nearly 1% of men aged 55–64 who
smoke 20 cigarettes a day will die of heart
disease’ are insufficient
In the Accept column there may be:
■
examples of answers which are acceptable, although they do not correspond exactly
to the expected answers
■
some examples of higher-level answers, which could be given by higher-attaining
pupils answering questions on the lower levels in the tier.
In the Additional guidance column there may be:
■
answers which are not acceptable
■
a reminder, in questions involving calculations, that consequential marking may
be used
■
instructions on action in the event of consequential marking (see page 5)
■
guidance to markers where pupils have not followed the instructions in
the question.
3
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Page 4
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Introduction
Marking
The number of marks available for each part of a question, and the maximum number
of marks for the question as a whole, are shown on the question paper. Every part of
a question which has been attempted by a pupil will be marked and the mark for each
part recorded in the mark box alongside that part. Half marks will not be given in any
question.
The total number of marks awarded for all the parts of questions on a double page
will be written in the box at the bottom of the right-hand page. In some instances, this
will be the sum of marks awarded for two questions. The total number of marks
obtained on the paper will be recorded on the front of the test paper.
The total number of marks available is 180 in tier 3–6 and 150 in tier 5–7.
Using professional judgement in marking
The instructions given in the mark scheme will enable the markers to decide whether
pupils have correctly answered a particular question. However, there will be instances
where an answer given by a pupil does not correspond to any of the possible responses
shown in the mark scheme. In such cases, markers will apply their professional
judgement to decide if credit should be given. They will consider whether the response:
■
is equivalent to those listed
■
conveys the ideas underlying the question as outlined in the statement in bold type
in the mark scheme, if one is given.
If any doubt persists, markers will consult their supervisors for guidance.
Marking misspellings of words
If a pupil misspells a word, markers will apply the following procedures:
4
■
if it is clear that the pupil has made a simple error, eg ‘tow’ for ‘two’ or ‘Son’ for
‘Sun’, then the incorrect spelling will be accepted and the mark awarded
■
if a pupil misspells a word copied from the text of the question or from a selection
given, and the new word does not have any inappropriate meaning, the incorrect
spelling will be accepted and the mark awarded
■
if specific scientific vocabulary is required in the answer, a misspelling must, in
order to be creditworthy, be a phonetic equivalent of the required word, with the
major syllables of the correct word represented in the answer.
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Page 5
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Introduction
Marking lists of alternative answers
In some instances, pupils give more than one answer to a single question. If any of the
answers given is incorrect, the mark will not be awarded, irrespective of the order in
which the answers are given. In some cases, a correct answer is given alongside other
answers which, while correct, would be insufficient for the mark. In these cases, the
mark will be given for the correct answer.
Marking questions containing calculations
Some questions require pupils to perform calculations. Where two marks are available,
they are advised to show their working. Pupils who do not show their working but
give the correct answer will be awarded full marks.
The result of one calculation may be required in order to carry out further
calculations. In such instances:
■
the term ‘consequential marking’ appears in the Additional guidance
■
a pupil’s result for the first calculation is treated as the starting point for the second
■
the pupil is awarded full credit for the second calculation if it is carried out
correctly, even if the result of the first calculation was wrong.
Marking answers given in the wrong place
In some cases, pupils may write correct answers in the wrong part of the question.
Markers will use professional judgement to decide whether a pupil has correctly
understood the question and simply written the answer in the wrong place. Similarly,
if pupils identify an answer by a cross or other indication when a tick is required,
they will be given credit for their responses.
Awarding levels
Level threshold tables, which show the mark ranges for the award of different levels,
will be available on the NAA website www.naa.org.uk/tests from 23 June 2008.
The 2008 key stage 3 science tests and mark schemes were developed by
the National Foundation for Educational Research (NFER) on behalf of QCA.
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2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Introduction
Mark Allocation Grid: Tier 3–6
TIER 3–6 Paper 1
Q
Sc1
Sc2
TIER 3–6 Paper 2
Sc3
Sc4
Q
Sc1
Sc2
Sc3
1
2
4
1
2
2
2
6
2
2
3
5
3
5
3
4
1
3
4
1
5
5
4
1
6
1
7
2
1
5
4
6
4
7
8
5
9
2
10
1
11
6
12
4
3
12
13
1
4
13
14
5
Total
42
4
1
6
6
4
2
4
1
3
9
2
3
4
10
11
6
3
3
9
4
14
7
3
3
8
15
16
1
Sc4
2
8
Total
29
20
21
20
Total
P1 + 2
71
37
34
38
2
17
13
18
Overall
180
6
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Page 7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Introduction
Mark Allocation Grid: Tier 5–7
TIER 5–7 Paper 1
Q
Sc1
Sc2
TIER 5–7 Paper 2
Sc3
Sc4
Q
Sc1
Sc2
Sc3
Sc4
1
2
3
1
4
1
2
1
4
2
2
3
3
6
4
4
3
4
5
1
4
5
6
5
3
6
7
8
3
9
6
10
11
5
Total
38
8
2
9
5
10
2
11
2
13
2
8
1
2
5
6
12
1
13
4
2
6
13
3
9
7
1
12
3
7
6
5
6
5
Total
24
16
18
17
Total
P1 + 2
62
29
31
28
11
Overall
150
The requirements of the introduction to the programme of study apply across Sc1, Sc2, Sc3 and Sc4.
The mark allocation grids on this pair of pages show the context of these questions in relation to Sc1, Sc2, Sc3 and Sc4.
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2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
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8
[Blank page]
Tier 3–6 Paper One
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2:34 pm
Q No
1
Mark
1
1
1
1
2
6
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
1/2k
a ii
1/2c
2/3a
b
2/3a
ci
2/1c
c ii
2/3d
Total
‘A and C have hair’
‘something has grown in A and C’
‘they have hair’
‘they have longer or more grass’
‘B has no hair’
any two from
* water
* oxygen
* minerals
*B ✔
any one from
* it grew towards the light
* that is where the light is coming from
any one from
* it would have longer grass
* the grass would have grown more
* seeds did not germinate or grow in B
‘it grew towards the Sun’
‘to get light or sunlight’
‘plants or grass need light’
‘to get more Sun’
9
accept a named mineral
accept ‘nutrients’ or ‘salts’
accept, for two marks, two named minerals such
as ‘nitrates’ and ‘phosphates’
accept ‘moisture’ or ‘dampness’
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept ‘it had more grass or more hair’
accept ‘it grew more or faster’
accept ‘it would have grown less because it was
over-watered’
do not accept ‘plant food’ or ‘food’ or ‘nutrition’
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
‘to get more heat’ is insufficient
‘because of the sunlight’ is insufficient
‘it would be greener’ is insufficient
‘it would be healthier’ is insufficient
‘seeds need water to grow’ is insufficient
both the letters and the reason are required for
the mark
‘A and C are the same’ is insufficient
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept
Additional guidance
any one from
* grass has germinated or grown
Accept
Tier 3–6 Paper One
answers may be in either order
Page 9
* A and C
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
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Q No
2
Mark
2
1
1
1
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
2/2m
a ii
2/2m
bi
2/2h
b ii
2/2h
sense of pain is reduced
activity of the brain
slows down
more blood travels to the
surface of the body
Page 10
* amniotic fluid
* placenta
* reactions are slower
*
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
10
accept ‘fluid’
accept ‘uterus’
accept ‘umbilical cord’ or ‘cord’
accept ‘activity of the brain slows down’
a person can get hurt
without knowing it
skin gets warmer
a person loses weight
reactions are slower
Accept
if more than one line is drawn from any box, do
not credit either line
award two marks for all three lines correct
award one mark for any two lines correct
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
2
Mark
1
1
1
8
Tier
3–6
Part
ci
1/2i
BS/2a
c ii
2/2m
BS/2b
Total
Page 11
* fumes stop you breathing or choke you
* they prevent you taking in oxygen
* you could become addicted
any one from
* they can cause brain damage
* it makes you less co-ordinated
* toxic
* flammable
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
11
accept ‘it is poisonous’ or ‘they can kill you’
accept ‘it makes you dizzy or
light-headed’
accept ‘you can hallucinate’
accept ‘they affect the brain or liver’
accept ‘they damage your lungs’
accept ‘it burns your throat’
accept ‘inflammable’
Accept
‘they are toxic’ is insufficient
‘it contains solvents’ is insufficient
‘they may dissolve chemicals in the body’
is insufficient
‘it damages or harms your body or makes
you ill’ are insufficient as they are equivalent to
dangerous
answers must be in the correct order
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
3
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
Part
a
1/2e
bi
1/2j
b ii
1/2j
c
1/2e
Total
Page 12
* the lines are closer
any one from
* you can measure smaller intervals of time
* A to B: any number from 5 to 15
* D to E: any number from 45 to 80
* 30
* a ruler
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
do not accept ‘30 seconds’
‘cm’ is insufficient
‘a measuring stick’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
12
accept ‘each section burns for a shorter time’
accept ‘it is more precise or accurate’
‘it is easier to read’ is insufficient
accept ‘the lines are close’
‘the lines are smaller’ is insufficient
accept ‘the lines are further apart on candle 1’
accept ‘the lines are 1 cm apart on candle 1 and
0.5 cm apart on candle 3’
accept ‘there are more lines or smaller spaces or
smaller segments’
accept ‘more sections or rings’
accept a range such as ‘5 to 10’
accept a range such as ‘50 to 60’
accept ‘a metre rule’
accept ‘a tape measure’
Accept
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
4
Mark
1
1
1
1
4
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
1/2k
3/3a
a ii
3/3c
1/2k
bi
3/1d
b ii
3/3a
Total
* iron
* copper
* magnesium
zinc
iron
copper
any one from
* bubbles
* fizzing
* gas is given off
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
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Page 13
‘Mg’
‘Zn’
‘Fe’
‘Cu’
accept ‘Fe’
accept ‘Cu’
accept
accept
accept
accept
13
accept ‘effervescence’
Accept
answers must be in the correct order
all four answers are required for the mark
‘metal goes into solution or turns into a salt’
and ‘there would be a rise in temperature’ are
insufficient answers as they are not shown
in the drawings
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
5
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
1/2g
a ii
1/2k
bi
1/2j
b ii
1/2j
ci
3/1a
3/3a
c ii
4/2d
Total
Page 14
* friction
any one from
* it has a low density
* it does not rust
* wood puzzle
* lead weight
* 10 cm3
* 60 cm3
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
14
accept ‘it does not bend’
accept ‘it is strong’
accept ‘it is light’
accept ‘wood’ or ‘puzzle’
accept ‘lead’ or ‘weight’
accept ‘60 – 50’
Accept
do not accept ‘it does not rust as easily as other
metals’
‘500 cm3’ is insufficient
‘800 g’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
6
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
4/2b
a ii
4/2c
bi
1/2m
4/2b
b ii
4/2b
c
4/2b
Total
Page 15
* it decreases
* there is Sara as well
any one from
* there are two people on the same or Jo’s
trapeze
* the weight is greater
* increases ✔
*A
*C
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
15
accept ‘it is less’
accept ‘there is less weight on it’
accept ‘there is no force’ or ‘it becomes zero’
accept ‘Sara is pulling on Jo’
accept ‘up’
accept ‘down’
Accept
‘it springs back up’ is insufficient
‘the force is greater’ is insufficient
‘it is heavier’ is insufficient as ‘it’ refers to force
this mark cannot be awarded if the response
given conflicts with part (bi)
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
1
1
1
1
6
b
4/1d
c
4/1d
4/2c
di
3/1d
4/2c
d ii
3/1d
Total
1
1
Mark
Part
a
4/1d
Q No
7
Tier
3–6
* nothing
* it is attracted
*
* repel
attract
S
* Magnet C
N
* Magnet A
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
N
S
Page 16
16
accept ‘it is not attracted or repelled’
accept ‘it is not attracted’
accept ‘it is not repelled’
accept ‘it gets faster’
Accept
do not accept ‘it repels’
‘they stick together’ is insufficient
both arrows are required for the mark
answers must be in the correct order
both answers are required for the mark
both poles are required for the mark
both poles are required for the mark
marks may be awarded for part (a) if the
magnets are correctly labelled in part (b) and
no answer is given in part (a)
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
8
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
1/2e
a ii
1/2j
a iii
1/2h
1/2j
bi
1/2j
b ii
1/2k
1/2j
Total
Page 17
* increases
* 26 cm
any one from
* some results are the same
* some results do not fit the pattern
*E
* make the pile of books higher
any one from
* add more books
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
‘there are two 16s’
‘to check her results’
‘to make it more reliable’
‘in case one was an odd result’
17
accept ‘goes up’
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept ‘lift one end of the ramp higher’
accept ‘bring the ramp closer to the books’
accept ‘use bigger books’
Accept
do not accept ‘to make it a fair test’
do not accept ‘34’
‘because there was no pattern’ is insufficient
do not award a mark for answers implying the
use of a different ramp
‘change the number of books’ or ‘change the size
of the books’ are insufficient
‘lift the ramp higher’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
9
1
Mark
1
1
1
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
ai
1/2j
a ii
1/2m
1/2k
a iii
2/5a
Page 18
any one from
* to allow numbers to recover or increase
* to allow more herring to breed
* to allow more herring to mature
* fish were caught before they could breed
* fish were not allowed time to breed
any one from
* overfishing
* more fishing boats
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
18
accept ‘so the herring would be old
enough or mature enough to breed’
accept ‘it is the breeding time’
accept ‘fish were smaller’
accept ‘too many fish were caught’
accept ‘few fish or herring were left in the sea’
accept ‘more people were fishing’
accept ‘more fishing’
accept ‘more boats’
Accept
‘there were fewer herring left’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘they were becoming extinct’
‘to allow herring to be born’ is insufficient
‘less being caught’ is insufficient
‘the herring are too young’ is insufficient
‘lots of fish were caught’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘no herring or fish left’
do not accept ‘too many boats’
‘more being caught’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
9
1
Mark
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
bi
2/5d
b ii
2/5d
Total
Page 19
any one from
* there would be more animal plankton
* fewer cod
any one from
* cod eat sand eels instead of herring
* cod eat more sand eels
* cod eat capelin instead of herring so there is
less food for sand eels
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
19
accept ‘more plankton’
accept ‘cod would eat more capelin’
accept ‘cod would eat the sand eels’ food’
Accept
‘they will have more to eat or more food’
is insufficient
‘the animal plankton would get bigger’
is insufficient
‘less food for cod’ is insufficient
‘cod have to eat something else’ is insufficient
‘cod eat sand eels’ is insufficient
‘less food for sand eels’ is insufficient as it implies
that sand eels eat herring
‘because the cod only had two choices’ is
insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
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Page 20
20
[Blank page]
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
10
2
Mark
1
2
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
a
1/2m
2/5c
b
2/3a
2/5c
c
2/2k
Total
Page 21
* glucose
* water
* light provides energy for growth
* biomass or food or sugar or starch or
carbohydrate is produced
any two from
* light is needed for photosynthesis
* more (photosynthesis)
* leaves are bigger
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
21
accept ‘photosynthesis’
accept, for two marks, ‘the rate or amount of
photosynthesis increases if the light increases’
accept ‘there are leaves or a canopy’
accept ‘leaves open or grow’
Accept
answers must be in the correct order
‘they need light to grow’ is insufficient
‘light is a source of food’ is insufficient
‘trees block the light’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
11
3
Mark
1
1
1
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
a
1/2m
2/5a
bi
1/2j
b ii
1/2j
Page 22
any one from
* animals with longer pregnancies live longer
* the shorter the pregnancy the shorter the
life span
* an appropriate line of best fit
* they are less likely to be injured or killed or
there is no hunting of lions
any two from
* less or no competition for food
* plenty of food or water or they get fed
* they have shelter
* veterinary or medical treatment
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
22
accept ‘the shorter the life span the shorter the
pregnancy’
accept ‘they do not fight as much’
accept ‘there are no predators of lions’
accept ‘they are kept healthier’
accept ‘good or balanced diet’
accept ‘protected from bad weather’
accept ‘they are vaccinated’
Accept
a comparative answer is required
accept a curved or straight line
‘they are looked after’ is insufficient
‘protection’ is insufficient because it is not specific
‘they get fewer diseases’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘they are less likely to get a disease’
‘they are healthier’ is insufficient
both answers are required for the mark
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
11
3
Mark
2
1
6
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
ci
1/2i
c ii
1/2l
Total
Page 23
* no ✔
any one from
* the data is more scattered
* there is no link between the number of days
pregnant and the expected life span
* the human has the longest life span but the
shortest pregnancy
* the giraffe has the shortest life span but the
longest pregnancy
* the (new) points show the longer the pregnancy
the shorter the life span
* all three points plotted correctly
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
23
accept ‘they are opposite to the other results’
accept ‘giraffes or horses have a longer
pregnancy than humans but a shorter life span’
accept the converse
accept ‘they do not go up in a straight line’
accept ‘they do not fit the line of best fit’
accept a tolerance of ± half a small square
Accept
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
both the answer and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
if all three points are correct, award two marks
if one or two points are correct, award one mark
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
1
1
7
b iii
3/1a
1/2i
Total
1
b ii
3/1a
1/2i
* aluminium
1
Page 24
24
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
* liquid ✔
Additional guidance
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
accept any unambiguous indication
accept ‘Al’
accept ‘Hg’
accept ‘Fe’
accept ‘Hg’
Accept
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
* gas ✔
* an arrow drawn at 0°C
* mercury
1
1
* iron
1
ai
1/2k
3/1a
a ii
1/2k
3/1a
a iii
1/2k
3/1a
a iv
1/2k
3/1a
bi
3/1a
1/2i
* mercury
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
12
4
Tier
3–6
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
13
5
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
ai
3/1h
BS/1b
a ii
1/2f
3/1b
bi
3/2c
b ii
3/1a
c
3/1b
Total
Page 25
*B
any one from
* it sinks
* it is at the bottom
* from gas to liquid
any one from
* it could explode
* it could break
* to reduce heat loss
any one from
* to stop water vapour or steam escaping
* to stop lavender oil vapour escaping
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
‘gas or vapour or particles could escape’
‘to stop oil escaping’
‘to make sure the oil goes down the tube’
‘the oil or vapours could not be collected’
‘to stop heat loss’ or ‘to keep heat in’
‘to stop the heat escaping’
‘to maintain the pressure’
25
accept ‘lavender oil floats’
accept ‘the oil is on the top’
accept ‘the lid might come off’
accept ‘so the pressure does not break the seal’
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept
Accept
if more than one letter is identified, award no
mark
‘they are not mixed’ is insufficient
both answers are required for the mark
answers must be in the correct order
‘the pressure would be too high’ is insufficient
‘it would get too hot’ is insufficient
‘to stop the smell escaping’ is insufficient
‘to stop water escaping or spilling out’ is
insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
14
6
Mark
1
1
1
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
a
1/2c
4/5f
bi
1/2d
b ii
1/2i
Page 26
* anomalous results can be seen more quickly or
easily
any one from
* the pattern or relationship can be seen more
easily or more quickly
* he used the same amount of water
any one from
* he used identical cans
* African
its ears have a larger surface area
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
26
accept ‘you can make predictions more easily or
more quickly’
accept ‘the temperature change is clearer’
accept ‘the pattern can be seen straight away’
accept ‘you can compare them more easily’
accept ‘the pattern or relationship is clearer’
accept ‘he kept them in the same place’
accept ‘the cans were made of the same metal’
accept ‘the cans were the same size or shape’
accept ‘he used the same metal for the strips’
accept ‘larger surface area’
accept ‘larger ears’
Accept
do not accept ‘a graph is more accurate’
‘the pattern or the way the temperature changes
can be seen’ is insufficient
‘it is clearer’ is insufficient
‘to see them better’ is insufficient
‘he used metal for the strips’ is insufficient
‘he took the temperature every 5 minutes for
both’ is insufficient
both the answer and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
‘they have large ears’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
1
1
5
c
1/2g
Total
Page 27
* readings are continuous
* it can draw a graph
any one from
* it reduces error
* yes ✔
the greater the surface area of metal the
greater the heat loss or the lower the
temperature
Mark Answer
Part
b iii
1/2l
Q No
14
6
Tier
3–6
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
‘it is more accurate’
‘less human error’ or ‘is more reliable’
‘it is more precise’
‘it takes more readings’
27
accept ‘you can leave it to take results’
accept ‘it would record the results for him’
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept ‘no’ and a relevant supporting explanation
only if ‘Indian elephant’ is given as an answer to
part (a). An example would be ‘no, as I thought
smaller ears would cool quicker’
accept ‘the can with bigger strips cooled more
quickly’
accept answers that relate the size or surface of
the strips to the size or surface of the ears
accept ‘the bigger strips cause the greatest heat
loss’
accept ‘metal A represents big ears’
Accept
‘you can leave it’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘can B was a better insulator’
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
both the answer ‘yes’ and the correct
explanation are required for the mark
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
* light
* thermal
1
1
1
1
c
4/5e
4/5g
7
* electrical
1
b
4/3f
Total
* chemical
1
a ii
4/1a
B
B
Page 28
* they are absorbed
*
A
1
ai
4/1a
*
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
15
7
Tier
3–6
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
28
accept ‘they are blocked or filtered out’
accept a switch drawn and labelled B marked
on any part of the circuit highlighted
accept a switch drawn and labelled A marked
on any part of the circuit highlighted
Accept
‘heat’ is insufficient as the question asks for a
word from the box
answers must be in the correct order
‘they are filtered’ is insufficient
the switch must be labelled for the mark
do not accept a switch at either junction
the switch must be labelled for the mark
do not accept a switch at either junction
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Mark
1
1
Part
a
1/2m
4/4c
b
4/3b
4/4d
1
1
5
ci
1/1a
1/1c
c ii
1/2m
4/4b
Total
1
Q No
16
8
Tier
3–6
5–7
Page 29
Sun
any one from
* the Earth is not at the centre
* the planets do not go round the Earth or the
planets orbit the Sun
* the Earth goes round the Sun
* the Sun is in the middle
any one from
* they had not been discovered
* they had not been seen
Venus
Earth
* a straight line from the Sun to Venus and a
straight line from Venus to Earth
* arrows drawn on both rays in the correct
direction
any one from
* Venus is nearer to the Sun
* the Sun’s gravity on Venus is greater
* it travels faster
* it has a smaller orbit
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
Sun
Earth
29
accept answers which give the correct order of
the planets in the solar system
accept ‘he did not know they existed’
accept ‘they could not be seen’
Venus
accept two discontinuous straight lines that
touch the Sun, Venus and the Earth
accept ‘it does not have as far to go’
Accept
‘there are more planets’ is insufficient
answers must refer to the arrangement and not
to missing planets
do not accept ‘they did not exist’
‘they are too far away’ is insufficient
do not accept a line from the Sun which touches
the Earth
a comparative statement is needed
‘it is closer’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
9
Mark
1
1
1
1
Tier
5–7
Part
ai
1/2d
a ii
1/2e
a iii
1/2h
bi
1/2d
Page 30
* to show if alcohol or kava affects the
heart rates or water fleas
* use more than 20 water fleas in each group
* so the water fleas could adjust to the solution
or settle down
* to compare the rate before and after the
treatment
any one from
* to see how the heart rate had changed
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
30
accept ‘it shows alcohol alone increases or
affects the heart rate’
accept ‘to see what effect alcohol has’
accept ‘to show it is the kava that affects or
reduces the heart rate of fleas’
accept ‘to show it is not alcohol that affects or
reduces the heart rate’
accept ‘(it acts) as a control’
accept ‘use more water fleas’
accept ‘repeat it with the same fleas after the
effects have worn off’
accept ‘to allow time for the drug to work’
accept ‘to allow the treatment to get around its
body’
accept ‘to see the result of the treatment’ or ‘to
see if the treatment made a difference’
accept ‘to get a baseline or standard’ or ‘to
make a comparison’
Accept
‘as a comparison’ is insufficient
‘repeat it’ is insufficient
‘to make it a fair test’ or ‘for a control’ are
insufficient responses
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
9
Mark
1
1
6
Tier
5–7
Part
b ii
1/2k
c
1/2o
Total
Page 31
any one from
* there may be side effects
* the effect could be different in humans
* it has not been tested on humans
* human hearts are different from fleas’ hearts
any one from
* take the average heart rate resulting from kava
in alcohol away from the average heart rate
resulting from alcohol
* take the difference between kava in alcohol
and alcohol only
* look at the difference between group 1 and
group 2 after treatment
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
31
accept ‘humans are bigger or from a different
group or species’
accept ‘we do not know anything about the dose
or amount given’
accept ‘subtract 35 from 41 or 42’
accept ‘add the increase with alcohol to the
decrease with kava and alcohol’
Accept
‘they are not the same’ or ‘they are different
animals’ are insufficient responses
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Mark
1
1
Part
a
2/1b
b
2/2n
1
Q No
10
Tier
5–7
Page 32
prevention
* cover mouth or nose or use a handkerchief or
wear a mask
method
* coughing or sneezing
prevention
any one from
* wash hands before or after touching a patient
or before or after touching surfaces or articles
* use alcohol rub when entering or leaving ward
or room or hospital
method
* touch or contact
* genetic material or genes or DNA
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
each method of prevention must be related to
the method of spread for a mark
the method of spread and prevention are
required for each mark
the same prevention method cannot be used for
both methods of spread
Additional guidance
32
accept ‘quarantine patients suspected of carrying
disease’
accept ‘stop contact with others’ or ‘limit visitors’
accept ‘through the air’ or ‘breathing on
someone’
accept ‘quarantine patients suspected of carrying ‘cleaning’ or ‘washing hands’ are insufficient
disease’
‘wearing gloves’ is insufficient
accept ‘change gloves between patients’
accept ‘stop contact with others’ or ‘limit visitors’
accept ‘nucleus’
accept ‘chromosomes’
Accept
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
10
Mark
3
6
Tier
5–7
Part
c
2/2n
Total
Page 33
any three from
* vaccine contains a dead or weakened form of
the bacterium or virus
* antibodies or antitoxins (are produced)
* (made by) white blood cells
* further infections are prevented or bacteria or
viruses or toxins are destroyed
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
33
accept ‘white cells’
accept ‘kills the bacteria or viruses’
accept ‘inject with protein from the bacterium or
virus’
Accept
‘you become immune to the disease’ is
insufficient as it is given in the question
‘stop you getting it again’ is insufficient
‘fights bacteria’ is insufficient
‘it contains a small amount of bacteria or virus’
is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
1
2
ai
4/2a
a ii
1/2a
1/2h
1/2e
Total
b
1/2j
Mark
Part
* B to C: remains constant or stays the same
1
6
* A to B: decreases or slows down
* repeat at different depths
* measure the time for the wave to travel
* work out the speed
* make sure the waves are the same size or use
the same force or repeat at the same depth
any two from
* measure the depth of the water
* 0.75 s
Answer
Page 34
1
1
Q No
11
Tier
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
‘ 1.5 ’ ‘ 3 ’
or
4
2
34
accept ‘add more water or change the depth and
do it again’
accept ‘repeat with different volumes of water’
accept an answer that indicates how high to fill
the tank, for example ‘fill the tank to 10 cm’
accept ‘measure the speed of the wave’
accept
Accept
do not accept ‘gets slower’
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
12
Mark
2
1
1
1
1
6
Tier
5–7
Part
ai
3/1f
3/3e
a ii
3/1f
b
3/2g
ci
3/3e
3/1f
c ii
3/2g
3/3e
Total
Page 35
any one from
* carbon dioxide or gas escapes
* carbon dioxide is a gas
* one of the products is a gas or escapes
35
accept ‘nothing was added or lost’
* no gas was given off
* sodium chloride
carbon dioxide
water
accept ‘mass is conserved’
accept ‘hydrogen oxide’ for water
Accept
any one from
* the same atoms are present in the reactants
and the products
* H2O
* sodium chloride + * water
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
‘mass is lost’ is insufficient as it is given in the
question
answers may be in any order
all three answers are required for the mark
‘the mass did not change’ is insufficient
‘the particles are the same’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘the molecules are the same’
answers must be in the correct order
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
13
Mark
1
1
1
1
Tier
5–7
Part
a
1/2e
bi
1/2i
1/2j
b ii
4/2b
Page 36
any one from
* the weight or mass of the (wooden) plank
* the (larger) overhang
* five points plotted to within one small square
* smooth curve of best fit
any one from
* the original height of the plank and the height
with masses
* the height of the plank before and after adding
masses
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
36
accept an appropriate straight line of best fit
accept ‘vertical distance moved’
accept ‘take the height with the mass added
away from the height of the table’
accept ‘take the height of the plank with the mass
added away from the height with no mass’
Accept
‘the weight or mass’ is insufficient
‘distance moved’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:34 pm
Q No
13
Mark
1
1
6
Tier
5–7
Part
ci
1/2j
c ii
1/2j
Total
Page 37
any one from
* there is more sag for each mass
* the increase in sag is not constant
* the increase in sag gets less
* as the mass increases the sag increases
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
37
accept ‘the plank sags more’
accept ‘in the second test they did not go up in
equal amounts’
accept ‘first test gives a straight line, the second
was a curve’
accept ‘first went up gradually, the second went
up steeply’
accept the converse
accept ‘the lines both went up’
accept ‘sag increases in both’
Accept
‘the plank sagged before he added any mass’ is
insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper One
2/1/08
2:35 pm
1
6
d
3/1d
Total
1
1
* on ✔
on ✔
1
b
4/1a
c
4/1c
* off ✔
off ✔
2
a
BS/2a
4/1a
Page 38
* Copper is a good conductor of electricity. ✔
* battery
*
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
1
Tier
3–6
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
38
accept ‘cell’ or ‘cells’
Accept
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
both ticks are required for the mark
if more than one box is ticked in any row, award
no mark
both ticks are required for the mark
if more than one box is ticked in any row, award
no mark
award two marks for all four correct lines
award one mark for any two or three correct
lines
if more than one line is drawn from any box, do
not credit either line
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
2
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
Tier
3–6
Part
a
4/4c
4/4e
b
4/4e
c
4/4d
d
1/2i
ei
4/4b
e ii
1/2m
4/4b
Total
Page 39
Earth
Sun
* They are further away than the Sun ✔
* Hubble telescope
* a bar drawn to 4
* produces
reflects
any one from
* telecommunications
* television or TV
* telephones
* radio
* weather
* military or spy observations
* land use observations
* GPS
* internet
* monitoring or taking pictures of the Earth
* gravity ✔
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
39
accept ‘Hubble’ or ‘telescope’ for Hubble
telescope
accept ‘navigation’
accept ‘phone’ or ‘fax’
accept ‘communication’
Accept
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
answers must be in the correct order
all three answers are required for the mark
answers must be in the correct order
both answers are required for the mark
‘looking at or taking pictures of planets or stars
or galaxies’ is insufficient as it is given in the
question
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
3
Mark
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
8
Tier
3–6
Part
ai
1/2g
a ii
1/2m
3/2e
b
1/2m
3/2e
ci
3/2f
c ii
1/2k
di
3/2f
d ii
3/2f
Total
Page 40
40
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
* magma ✔
‘animals would be burnt’
‘it is too hot’
‘fossils are destroyed’
‘they would melt’
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
both the answer and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
both answers are required for the mark
answers must be in the correct order
‘it did not erode or weather’ is insufficient
‘it is solid’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
‘animals do not live underground’ is insufficient
accept
accept
accept
accept
accept ‘it looks like a star or starfish’
accept ‘it has five legs’
accept ‘it was hard or strong’
accept ‘it was more like a pebble’
accept ‘it eroded’ or ‘it weathered’
Accept
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
* there are no animals in magma or melted rock
any one from
* it is too hot for animals to live (in molten rock)
* starfish ✔
it is the same shape or has five parts
* fossils
* chalk: B granite: A
* it was harder than the chalk
any two from
* smoother or rounder
* broken or crumbled or crushed or it was
smaller pieces
* powder or dust formed
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
4
Mark
3
1
1
2
7
Tier
3–6
Part
a
3/2c
b
1/2j
3/1a
c
3/1a
1/2j
d
3/1a
4/2d
Total
evaporating
melting
condensing
freezing
liquid to gas
gas to liquid
liquid to solid
Page 41
solid to liquid
* Sand increases friction between
car tyres and the road. ✔
* Salt makes ice melt. ✔
* it decreased
* 0 °C
*
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
41
accept ‘it got colder’
accept ‘zero’
Accept
if more than two boxes are ticked, deduct a mark
for each incorrect box
minimum of zero
‘it dropped to below 0°C’ is insufficient
any references to time are insufficient
do not accept ‘nothing’
if more than one line is drawn from any change
of state, do not credit that change of state
award three marks for all four correct lines
award two marks for any three correct lines
award one mark for any two correct lines
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
5
Mark
1
1
1
Tier
3–6
Part
a
2/1a
BS/2b
b
2/4b
c
2/2i
2/2l
*
lung
heart
It pumps blood faster.
It digests food faster.
It moves the bones faster.
It takes in oxygen faster.
Page 42
any one from
* they have hair
* they produce milk
* they give birth
* brain
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
42
accept ‘they have external ears’
accept ‘they have fur’
accept ‘skull’
accept ‘ears’
accept ‘eyes’
Accept
if more than one line is drawn from any organ,
do not award the mark
both lines are required for the mark
‘it has a tail’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘head’ or ‘teeth’ or ‘mouth’
‘skin’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
43
6
prey
producer
carnivore
Total
male horsefly
female horsefly
both lines are required for the mark
if more than one line is drawn from either fly,
do not award the mark
*
1
d ii
2/5e
herbivore
all three answers are required for both marks
award one mark for any two correct answers
if more than three boxes are ticked, deduct a
mark for each incorrect box
minimum mark zero
* They have a segmented body. ✔
They have six legs. ✔
They have two pairs of wings. ✔
Additional guidance
2
Accept
di
2/4b
Answer
Mark
Part
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
Q No
5
Page 43
Tier
3–6
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
2/1/08
2:35 pm
1
6
Total
1
b
1/2d
* no ✔
any one from
* 18 seeds germinated at both temperatures
* the number that germinated was the same
1
any one from
* he used the same number of seeds
* he counted them after two days or after the
same time
* he used the same type of seeds or they were
all cress seeds
* he used filter paper to grow all the seeds on
* he used 5 cm3 of water each day
any one from
* all the seeds germinated or grew
* 20 seeds germinated or grew
* the most or more seeds germinated or grew
* 18
1
1
* 17 °C
1
ai
1/2i
a ii
1/2i
a iii
1/2i
a iv
1/2j
av
1/2j
*8
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
6
Page 44
Tier
3–6
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
44
accept ‘the same amount of water’
accept ‘the same amount of seeds’
accept ‘the bar is higher’
accept ‘they all germinated or grew’
accept ‘the results were the same’
accept ‘the bars are the same height’
Accept
‘he used the same sized dishes’ is insufficient
‘number of seeds’ is insufficient
‘he counted the seeds’ is insufficient
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
both the answer and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
Additional guidance
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
1
1
6
c ii
4/5a
c iii
2/5a
2/5f
Total
1
1
* owl
1
bi
2/5e
b ii
2/5e
ci
4/5a
* worm
1
a
2/5c
Page 45
any one from
* it does not kill the moles
* it does not harm other animals
* poison kills or hurts moles
* poison kills or hurts owls or predators or other
living things
* poison enters food chains
any one from
* batteries have to be replaced
* solar power is free
* solar power does not run out
* it is cheaper to run
* the Sun
* it has strong or big claws
* it has a pointed head or face or nose
any one from
* it has large or wide hands or paws
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
7
Tier
3–6
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
Additional guidance
45
accept ‘it is humane’
accept ‘it does not harm humans’
accept ‘it is a renewable source of power’
accept ‘it is cheaper’
accept ‘light’
accept ‘bird’
‘you do not have to get rid of dead moles’ or ‘you
can leave them in the tunnel’ are insufficient
‘you have to keep adding poison’ is insufficient
‘so they do not become extinct’ is insufficient
‘poison is dangerous’ is insufficient
‘it is friendlier’ or ‘it is nicer’ are insufficient
‘it is environmentally friendly’ is insufficient
‘solar’ or ‘solar panel’ or ‘solar energy’ are
insufficient
accept ‘its paws are like shovels’
accept ‘big or strong feet’
accept ‘it has a long nose’
accept ‘it is streamlined’
‘claws’ is insufficient
accept ‘it has sharp or long claws or nails’
accept ‘eyes protected by fur’ or ‘eyes deep in fur’ ‘it has small eyes’ is insufficient
Accept
Tier 3–6 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
8
1
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
ai
1/2m
4/3j
a ii
1/2m
4/3k
a iii
1/2m
4/3k
b
1/2j
c
4/3g
Total
Page 46
any one from
* it vibrates with a greater amplitude
* it has larger vibrations
* any number between 4.5 and 7.5 hours
(inclusive)
* its pitch becomes higher
their frequencies are the same
* B and C
their amplitudes are the same
* A and C
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
46
accept ‘it moves more’
accept ‘burst ear drum’
accept ‘the frequency gets higher’
accept ‘the wave lengths are the same’
accept ‘there are the same number of waves’
accept ‘the waves are the same distance apart’
accept ‘the waves are the same height’
accept ‘they are equally tall’
Accept
‘it vibrates harder’ and ‘it vibrates more’ are
insufficient responses
do not accept ‘it vibrates faster’
‘it gets higher’ is insufficient
‘it becomes high’ is insufficient
letters may be in either order
both the letter and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
‘the distance apart of the waves’ is insufficient
‘the less spaced out the waves, the higher the
pitch’ is insufficient
‘they are the same length or thickness or width’
is insufficient
letters may be in either order
both the letter and the correct explanation are
required for the mark
‘the height of the waves’ is insufficient
‘they are big or tall’ is insufficient
‘taller waves are louder’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘they are equally long’
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
9
2
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
a
1/2i
b
1/2l
ci
4/5e
c ii
4/5e
c iii
4/5e
Total
20
45 or 46
80
2
3
4
Page 47
* least
least
* most
least
* some
some
* the graph is a curve
* the height for 2 cm is not twice the height for
1 cm
* the height should have been 40 cm when he
pressed it down 4 cm
any one from
* the height for 4 cm is 4 times the height for
2 cm
*
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
47
accept ‘the graph is not a straight line’
accept ‘if it goes from 2 to 3 cm, the height more
than doubles’
accept appropriate arguments for other values
accept ‘for 2 cm it went 20 cm but for 4 cm it
went 80 cm’
accept ‘if I double the distance it goes four times
as high’
Accept
both answers are required for the mark
both answers are required for the mark
answers must be in the correct order
both answers are required for the mark
‘when she doubled the distance it did not double
the height’ is insufficient
a mark may be awarded for other correct figures
all three answers are required for the mark
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
* a straight line from the snail to the surface and
from the surface to the fish
* the angle of incidence should be approximately
equal to the angle of reflection
* arrow pointing towards the fish or away from
the snail
Mark
1
1
1
Part
a
4/3c
Answer
Q No
10
3
Page 48
Tier
3–6
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
48
accept a single arrow in the correct direction on
either the incident or the reflected ray
Accept
if two arrows are drawn, they must both be in the
correct direction
the line must reach the surface of the water
within the tolerance shown below
the line must reach the fish within the tolerance
shown below
the ray must be continuous
ignore an incident ray towards the snail
ignore rays refracted at the surface
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
6
Total
* refraction
1
1
* an arrow pointing towards Andrew on any part
of the ray
1
bi
4/3d
b ii
4/3d
* a ray from the snail to Andrew’s eye bending at
the surface
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
10
3
Page 49
Tier
3–6
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
Accept
49
if two arrows are drawn, they must both be in the
correct direction
both parts of the ray must be straight and must
slope upwards and to the right
the ray must be continuous
ignore any incident rays drawn towards the snail
the ray must bend further away from the normal
at the surface as it goes from water to air
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
11
4
Mark
1
1
1
3
6
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
ai
3/3d
a ii
3/3d
a iii
3/3f
b
1/2i
3/3d
Total
Page 50
* they react with the acid
any one from
* they are alkaline or an alkali
* any number less than 7
* It is neutral ✔
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
50
accept ‘tablet’ for ‘indigestion tablet’
accept ‘acid’ for ‘citric acid’
accept ‘copper sulfate’
accept ‘the sulphate’ for ‘copper sulphate’
accept ‘a soluble base’
accept ‘it has a pH above 7’
Accept
if all four answers are correct, award three
marks
if two or three answers are correct, award two
marks
if one answer is correct, award one mark
specific pH values such as ‘its pH is 8.5’ are
insufficient
if more than one box is ticked, award no mark
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
* zinc chloride
* hydrogen
1
1
9
d ii
3/1f
3/3a
Total
any one from
* at the bottom
* below copper
*5
1
1
* aluminium oxide
1
di
3/3c
* oxygen
1
ci
3/1c
c ii
3/1f
c iii
3/1f
3/1c
Page 51
* when magma cools more quickly the crystals
are smaller
1
1
* igneous
1
ai
3/2f
a ii
3/2f
b
3/2e
* metamorphic
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
12
5
Tier
3–6
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
accept ‘H2’
51
accept ‘ZnCl2’
accept ‘aluminium trioxide’
accept the converse
accept ‘in magma which cools faster the crystals
are small’
Accept
‘H’ is insufficient
answers can be in either order
‘less reactive’ is insufficient
‘O2’ is insufficient
answers must include a comparison
do not accept ‘crystals are bigger when the rock
cools slowly’
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
13
6
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
a
1/2d
b
1/2k
2/2a
c
2/2a
2/2d
di
1/2k
d ii
2/2a
Page 52
* to make blood or red blood cells
* baby-milk has more iron than
cows’ milk
* for hard or strong bones or teeth
any one from
* cows’ milk has less carbohydrate
* human milk or powdered milk has more
carbohydrate
* sugar is a carbohydrate
any one from
* he used 100 cm3 of each milk
* he used the same volume
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
52
accept ‘for blood’ or ‘for red cells’ or ‘for blood
cells’
accept ‘for haemoglobin’ or ‘haemoglobin
contains iron’
accept ‘to prevent anaemia’
accept ‘to replace iron lost in menstruation’
accept ‘baby-milk has more iron’
accept ‘cows’ milk only has 0.05 mg’
accept ‘for (healthy) bones or teeth’
accept ‘they have more than 5 (g)’
accept ‘they have 7.4 (g) and 7.2 (g)’
accept ‘carbohydrates’
accept ‘they have more carbohydrate’
accept ‘the same amount or mass’
Accept
‘for energy’ is insufficient
‘to keep the blood flowing’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘baby-milk has more iron than
cows’ or human milk’
do not accept ‘for strong nails’
do not accept ‘it has more vitamin C or iron’
do not accept ‘he used the same milk’
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
13
6
Mark
1
6
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
e
1/2i
BS/2a
Total
Page 53
*
*
*
*
mg
1.1
3.8
1.1
are smaller than g
g is equal to 1100 mg
mg is equal to 0.0038 g
g is greater than 3.8 mg
any one from
* vitamin C is given in mg, protein is given in g
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
53
accept ‘1.1 g of protein and 3.8 mg of vitamin C’
accept ‘vitamin C is in mg’
accept ‘the units are different’
accept ‘one was measured in grams, the other in
milligrams’
accept ‘g are bigger than mg’
Accept
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
Page 54
54
[Blank page]
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
14
7
Mark
1
1
1
1
2
2
8
Tier
3–6
5–7
Part
a
2/1e
bi
2/1b
b ii
2/1b
b iii
2/1b
c
2/1b
d
2/3a
2/3e
2/2j
Total
Page 55
*
✔
✔
photosynthesis
any two from
* cell wall
* vacuole
* chloroplast
any one from
* gives the cell its shape
* supports the cell
✔
✔
respiration
any one from
* absorbs light or Sun’s energy
* photosynthesis
* it controls the cell or cell’s activities
* leaf
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
accept ‘wall’
55
accept ‘traps or catches light’
accept ‘it makes food or glucose or sugar
or starch or carbohydrate’
accept ‘it tells the cell what to do’
accept ‘it contains or passes on (genetic)
information or genes or DNA’
accept ‘stem’ or ‘stalk’
Accept
if all four answers are correct, award two marks
if two or three answers are correct, award one
mark
if more than one box is ticked in any row, do not
credit that row
‘it protects the cell’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘it attracts light’
‘it produces oxygen’ is insufficient
‘it is the brain of the cell’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tiers 3–6 and 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
1
2
5
c
1/2k
Total
accept the converse
accept ‘the more turns, the more powerful or
stronger the magnet’
accept ‘the electromagnet with 200 turns is
stronger’
accept ‘doubling the turns more than doubles the
force’
* the more turns, the greater the force or field
56
accept the converse
accept ‘it would fuse’
accept ‘it could catch fire’
accept ‘it would blow’
* the greater the current, the greater the
force or field
any one from
* it would melt
* it would get too hot
accept ‘the magnet exerts a force on the disc’
* there is more force on the iron disc
b
3/2c
4/1c
accept ‘the disc is pulled down’
any one from
* the core attracts the iron disc
1
accept ‘the disc becomes magnetised’
accept ‘there is a magnetic field’
accept ‘it becomes an (electro)magnet’
accept ‘the stronger the current the stronger the
magnet’
* the core becomes magnetised
1
a
4/1e
4/1f
Accept
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
8
Page 56
Tier
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
award one mark if the answer refers to a number
of coils rather than number of turns
answers must include a comparison
‘the more turns, the more powerful it is’ is
insufficient
answers must refer to a pattern describing a
continuous variable
do not accept ‘it becomes more magnetic’
‘the coil would break’ is insufficient
‘it would get hot’ is insufficient
‘the disc moves down’ is insufficient as it does
not imply that a force is exerted
‘there is a force on the disc’ is insufficient as it
does not refer to the origin of the force
do not accept ‘the iron core becomes magnetic’
do not accept ‘the magnet gets stronger’
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
9
Mark
1
1
1
1
1
5
Tier
5–7
Part
ai
1/2d
a ii
1/2d
a iii
1/2d
bi
1/2k
3/1a
b ii
1/2j
1/2o
Total
Page 57
* there should be a similar number of points
above and below the line
any one from
* there is only one point above the line in Neera’s
graph
* the boiling point with no salt or at the start was
100°C
any one from
* starting temperature of the water
* temperature of the laboratory
* boiling point of salt solution
* mass of salt dissolved in water
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
57
accept ‘Tom’s goes near more points’ or ‘Tom’s
points are nearer to the line’
accept ‘Neera just joined the first and last points’
accept ‘most points are below the line in Neera’s
graph’
accept ‘the water’s boiling point was 100°C’
accept ‘the boiling point of water is 100°C’
accept ‘it boiled at 100°C’
accept ‘boiling point’
accept ‘the mass or amount of salt’
Accept
answers must refer to the boiling point
‘0 g of salt added’ is insufficient
‘the graph starts at 100°C’ is insufficient
‘temperature’ is insufficient
‘salt’ is insufficient
do not accept ‘the type of salt used’
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
1
1
1
a ii
1/2m
3/1g
b
1/2m
3/1b
Page 58
any one from
* the space or distance between the molecules
or particles is smaller
* the particles or they are closer together
* more particles are touching the sides
* there is only one type of molecule or
compound or substance
* (molecules) are far apart or not touching
each other
Mark Answer
Part
ai
3/1b
Q No
10
Tier
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
58
‘the particles are hitting the sides’ is insufficient
accept ‘particles hit the sides more often’
‘if the gas is compressed the pressure rises’ is
insufficient
accept ‘atoms’ for ‘particles’
do not accept ‘there is only one type of atom or
element’
‘the gas can be compressed’ is insufficient as it is
given in the question
Additional guidance
accept ‘the volume is less’
accept ‘there is one type of particle’
accept ‘only gases can be compressed’
accept ‘they are randomly arranged’
Accept
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
Q No
10
Mark
1
1
1
1
7
Tier
5–7
Part
ci
3/1e
c ii
3/2a
c iii
3/1f
c iv
3/1f
Total
Page 59
‘they are now joined in threes’
‘new combinations of particles or atoms’
‘the compounds are different’
‘there is no longer a pure substance’
accept ‘ON2’
accept ‘O2N’
N2O
NO2
59
accept ‘nitrogen monoxide’
accept ‘nitric oxide’
accept ‘ON’
accept ‘mass is conserved’
accept
accept
accept
accept
Accept
NO
* nitrogen oxide
*
any one from
* the same number of atoms are present
* nothing has been added to or lost
* there is more than one compound
any one from
* new or different compounds have formed
Answer
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
all three answers are required for the mark
‘the mass stays the same’ is insufficient
‘the same atoms are present’ is insufficient
‘nothing changed’ is insufficient
‘the amount of gas stays the same’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
b
2/2l
3
any three from
* it causes a blood clot
* the arteries become narrower or blocked or
less or no blood to heart (muscle)
* less or no oxygen to the heart (muscle)
* less or no food or glucose or nutrients or
minerals to the heart (muscle)
* less or no carbon dioxide or waste removed
* may cause a heart attack
* cells cannot respire (properly)
60
accept ‘it may raise the blood pressure’
accept, for one mark, ‘the heart muscle needs
oxygen or glucose to work properly’ even though
it does not include a comparison
accept ‘fat clogs the arteries’
* the risk increases with age or is greater in older accept statements such as ‘20 cigarettes a day is
men
worse when you are 45–64 than under 45’
accept the converse
1
accept ‘smoking 5 cigarettes a day is less
harmful than smoking 20’
Accept
* the more cigarettes smoked, the greater the
number or percentage that die
Answer
Page 60
1
Mark
Part
a
1/2k
Q No
11
Tier
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
‘the heart muscle cannot work properly’ is
insufficient as it is given in the question
statements that do not make a generalisation,
such as ‘nearly 1% of men aged 55–64 who
smoke 20 cigarettes a day will die of heart
disease’ are insufficient
one conclusion should relate to the number
of cigarettes and the other to the effect of age
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
8
Total
* it paralyses them or they stop moving
1
1
* cilia move the mucus (towards the throat)
1
ci
2/1c
c ii
2/2i
* mucus traps bacteria or dust or particles
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
11
Page 61
Tier
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
61
accept ‘it clogs the cilia’
accept ‘they stick together’
accept ‘cilia remove bacteria or dust or particles’
Accept
do not accept ‘it kills or burns cilia’
‘damages or removes cilia’ is insufficient
‘cell produces mucus’ is insufficient
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
1
5
accept ‘0.06 N/cm2’ for two marks
* N/m2 or Pa
1
b
4/2g
Total
accept
* 600
1
* half the force needed at 0.8 m
any one from
* 150
accept
‘120’
0.2
62
‘300’
or
2
‘240’
1.6
accept ‘0.8 x 300’
accept ‘24 000 Ncm’ for two marks
a ii
4/2f
4/2e
* 240
* Nm
1
1
ai
4/2e
4/2f
Accept
Mark
Part
Answer
Q No
12
Page 62
Tier
5–7
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
accept the numerical answer to a i ÷ 1.6
‘half’ is insufficient
consequential marking applies
do not accept ‘mN’
do not accept ‘n’ for ‘N’
Additional guidance
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
2/1/08
2:35 pm
2008 KS3 Science Mark Scheme
B1_B2 Handover_Mksch.qxp
Page 63
63
[Blank page]
Tier 5–7 Paper Two
KS3 Sc MS1+2 back.qxp
2/1/08
2:38 pm
Page 64
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First published 2008
© Qualifications and Curriculum Authority 2008
ISBN 1-84721-503-3
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