Vocabulary
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Matter -
1.  Chemistry
2.  Chemical
3.  Composition
4.  Definite
5.  Uniform  the same throughout, everywhere inside it is identical.
6.  Property
7.  Physical property
8.  Physical change
9.  Chemical property
10. Chemical change
11. Pure Substance
12.  Atom
13.  Elements
14.  Compounds
15.  Mixtures
16.  Phase / State
17.  Homogeneous
18.  Heterogeneous
TEST Overview
- A Pure Substance is a form of matter that has a uniform and unchanging composition.

(the “same throughout”)
- Pure Substances are written as one chemical formula.
-2
types of Pure Substances:
1) Elements
2) Compounds
Matter
Element

Atom
Neutron
Proton
Electron
Atom Is the smallest particle of an element.
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An
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The atom is the building block of all matter.
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All atoms have 1 nucleus(Protons & Neutrons) with electrons surrounding it.
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An atom is a complete element, but it refers to a singular or individual element.
Composition of an Atom
Solid element
an Atom of the element


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Remember:
The word element does not tell you how much, only that it is a pure substance.
The word atom does tell you how much (one!) , and that it is a pure substance
Elements are made of 1 kind of Atom,
- An element cannot be broken down physically or chemically.
- the number of protons determines the kind of element (or atom).
- the electrons determine the elements chemical properties (behaviors).
 elements can be broken down by nuclear reactions.
A
Compound is a pure substance, made of
different elements bonded together.
 Compounds can be separated chemically, but not physically.
 the smallest part is called a “molecule”.
1. Solutions
- Solute & Solvent
- Aqueous (dissolved in water)
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2. Suspension
Types:
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1. Colloids
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Types:
Made of 
Types:
1. Ionic (salts)
2. Covalent (molecules)
- Polar covalent
- Nonpolar covalent
3. Metallic (alloys)
Protons, Neutrons, & Electrons
Types:
1. Atoms
2. Ions
3. Isotopes
Mixtures:
Not a pure substance, called “impure” or “Mixture”
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- A physical Blend or Mix
or

Group of 2 or more different chemicals that are not bonded together, and
can be separated physically.
2 Types of Mixtures:
1. Homogeneous
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2. Heterogeneous
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“Impure Substances”
or
“Mixture”
2 Types:
1. Homogeneous ,
are also called “Solutions”
- are evenly mixed and have a uniform composition (the same throughout).
- are a single phase (or state).
- a phase/state is a physical description of matter (i.e. Solid, Liquid, Gas)
- Solutions have 2 parts; 1) solute (gets dissolved)
 Aqueous, means dissolved in water.
2) solvent
(does the dissolving)
examples; Lemonade, gasoline, tap/carbonated/salt(ocean) water, Alloys (brass & steel), clean air, antifreeze, vinegar, 14K gold
- an Alloy is a mixture of metal elements.
2. Heterogeneous - Are unevenly mixed together, non-uniform or layered.
- The individual substances remain distinct.
- examples; dirt, salad dressing, orange juice, milk, gelatin, butter, cheese, mayonnaise, paint,
hand lotion, marshmallow, whipped cream, smoke, dust in air, clouds