Human Body Revision sheet (Do not write on this sheet)
Question 1
Look at this diagram of the human body and answer the questions.
(a) Use the word list given below to name each part (a – h) (Parts of the diagram are not to scale)
anus
mouth
large intestine
liver
pancreas
small intestine
stomach
oesophagus
(b) In your books give the function of each part. Match them from the lists given. (They are not in order)
Name of part
Function of part. Choose from:
Brain
Controls body actions.
Heart
Water absorption.
Stomach
Gas exchange.
Large intestine
Produces bile and helps regulate blood composition.
Liver
Pumps blood around the body.
Lung
Stores food and produces acid to aid digestion.
(c) What is the role of the mouth and its parts in digestion?
(d) Explain why the small intestine is important
(e) Which diagram shows a slice across an artery, X or Y?
(f) Explain why there is a difference between the wall of an artery and the wall of a vein.
(g) Discuss how the circulatory system (heart and lungs) work together to maintain the body.
Question 2
(a) What is the importance of digestion to the human body (I.e. what does it do for us)
(b) In humans, is the large intestine longer or shorter than the small intestine?
(c) What is the role of the mouth and its parts in digestion?
(d) Explain why the large intestine is important.
(e) Explain why the anus is important.
Foods are mixtures of different types of nutrients. Three of the main types are proteins, fats and
carbohydrates.
f) Which of these three main types listed above is used for:
(i)
Building muscle and body tissue?
(ii)
Providing immediate energy?
(iii)
Is stored by the body until extra energy is needed?
(iv)
Name a food which is a good source of protein
(v)
Name a food which is a good source of carbohydrates.
g) Name the three types of teeth in your mouth, state what each does and why it is important.
h) Describe what happens to a piece of food as it gets digested – from the time that it goes into the body
to the time it leaves. You should describe each part that it goes through and explain what happens in
each part. Give as much detail about each part as you can.
Answers
Q
1 a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
Evidence
Part
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
Part
Function
Brain
Controls body actions
Heart
Pumps blood ...
Stomach
Stores food and ...
Intestine
Water absorbtion ...
Liver
Produces bile and ...
Lung
Gas exchange

Breaks food into smaller pieces

Adds saliva to make it easier to
swallow also accept

Saliva/enzymes start to break down
food
Nutrients are absorbed into the bloodstream
for energy to all of the body.
Y


g)


2 a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
Name
mouth
oesophagus
stomach
liver
pancreas
Small intestine
Large intestine
anus
Arteries are under high pressure
from heart so they need thick walls
to avoid breaking
Veins thin wall – under low pressure
from body
Lungs oxygenate red blood cells and
expel carbon dioxide
heart circulates blood around the
body carrying oxygen and food to
where it is needed and removing
carbon dioxide / waste
Digestion involves the breaking down of food
into small pieces by enzymes so energy /
nutrients can be transported around the body
to where energy / nutrients are required
Small intestine is longer
Breaks food into smaller pieces (mechanical
digestion) / adds saliva to make it easier to
swallow (also accept saliva starts to break
down food)
Without the large intestine we would have a
greater risk of dehydration / diarrhoea
because water would not be removed from
faeces
The Anus is important in that it removes
undigested / indigestible food from the body
so we don’t burst (or get poisoned by the
waste products)
(i) protein
(ii) glucose / sugar carbohydrates
(iii) fat
(iv) meat (v) grains
Canines – ripping holes in food so your other
teeth can get a grip, incisors – cutting food
into smaller pieces so they can be swallowed
(and digested faster), molars – grinding food
into smaller pieces so it can be swallowed /
chemical digestion will be faster
Achievement
(a) 4 parts named
correctly
Merit
Achieved and Four
parts linked to correct
function
Physically breaks food
down
Achieved and chemical
digestion
(saliva/enzyme
breakdown).
Nutrients absorbed
Explains that nutrients
are provided to rest of
body via blood.
correct
Describes one reason
Role of 1 organ described
Breaking up food by
enzymes
Excellence
Explains both
Role of both organs
explained with some
overlap (e.g. mentioning
blood)
Complete
explanation of
both organs and
how they work
together.
Includes
movement of O2
and CO2 and
nutrients.
Breaking up food by
enzymes so the body
can absorb the
nutrients.
Correct answer
Reasonable answer
Mention of dehydration /
diarrhoea
Reasonably complete
answer
Breaking up food by
enzymes
Breaking up food by
enzymes so the body
can absorb the
nutrients.
Reasonable answer
Names of all 3 types of
teeth
Names and roles of 2
types of teeth
Names, roles
and reasons for
why they are
important for all
3 types of teeth
h)
Food is cut up / ground into smaller pieces by
the teeth so it is easier to swallow (The
tongue moves the food from place to place in
the mouth so this happens) Saliva is added to
make it easier to swallow. The food goes
down the oesophagus to the stomach where
acid and enzymes help break the food into
tiny pieces (chemical digestion) The food
passes from there into the small intestine. If
the food has been broken up into small
enough pieces then it passes through the
small intestine wall to be transported around
the body to wherever it is needed. Pieces too
large to do this (undigested food) go into the
large intestine where water is removed from
the mixture (to prevent dehydration /
diarrhoea) and then the waste goes through
the anus and out of the body
Names of 4 parts of the
digestive system
Names and roles of 4
parts f the digestive
system
Names, roles
and reasons for
why they are
important for all
the parts of the
digestive system