TABLE OF CONTENT EXECUTIVE SUMMARY COMPANY DESCRIPTION STRATEGIC FOCUS AND PLAN MISSION/VISION & GOALS CORE COMPETENCY SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE SITUATION ANALYSIS S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS INDUSTRY ANALYSIS COMPETITOR ANALYSIS CUSTOMER ANALYSIS MARKET-PRODUCT FOCUS MARKETING AND PRODUCT OBJECTIVES TARGET MARKETS POINTS OF DIFFERENCE POSITIONING MARKETING PROGRAM PRODUCT STRATEGY PRICE STRATEGY PROMOTION STRATEGY PLACE (DISTRIBUTION) STRATEGY WORKS CITED APPENDIX EXHIBIT 1 – EMAIL CORRESPONDENCE EXHIBIT 2 – NIKON CORPORATE STRUCTURE EXHIBIT 3 – NIKON S.W.O.T. EXHIBIT 4 – PENTAX S.W.O.T. EXHIBIT 5 – CANON S.W.O.T. EXHIBIT 6 – SONY S.W.O.T. EXHIBIT 7 – TARGET TABLE 1 EXHIBIT 8 – US DEMOGRAPHY EXHIBIT 9 – MEDIA FLOW CHART EXHIBIT 10 – HOUSTON SYMPHONY RATES EXHIBIT 11 – DIGITAL PHOTO PRO COVER EXHIBIT 12 – DIGITAL PHOTO PRO RATES EXHIBIT 13 – PC PHOTO COVER EXHIBIT 14 – PC PHOTO RATES EXHIBIT 15 – OUTDOOR PHOTOGRAPHER WEB SITE AND E-NEWSLETTER RATES EXHIBIT 16 – DISTRIBUTION FLOW CHART EXHIBIT 17 – UPS SUPPLY CHAIN SOLUTIONS 1 3 3 3 4 4 5 5 5 6 6 8 9 9 10 12 12 12 12 15 18 21 22 24 26 28 29 30 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 EXECUTIVE SUMMERY The purpose of this marketing plan is to increase awareness of the new Nikon D300S, with the goal to distribute and increase sales in the Houston, Texas area within 2010. To reach this objective, G.R.C. Marketing Group proposes the following strategy. The marketing plan is divided into the following sections, and will be discussed in detail in each corresponding section. • • • • Company Overview - includes Mission, Vision and Goals, Core Competencies and Competitive Advantage. Situation Analysis – includes SWOT and PEST analysis. Market-Product Focus – includes Industry, Competitor, and Customer Analysis. Marketing Program – includes product description, promotion, price strategy, distribution methods and media buy strategies. The Nikon Corporation is a well-established Japanese company founded in 1917 and has its core competency in precision optic manufacturing. Other products produced by the firm medical devices and optics, semi-conductor and wafer technology, survey and measuring equipment, photographic lens and camera products. Nikon is a global company with subsidiaries across, Asia, the Americas, Europe and Australia. When it comes to photographic equipment, Nikon’s goals are to: • • • • • Increase satisfaction and trust from their customers Provide products and services that have superior levels of quality and safety Enhance and enrich the enjoyment of photographs Minimize impacts on the environment from production of products and services Build products that conform to international safety standards. “Safety Design Principle” (Nikon | Corporate Info) The company’s sustainable competitive advantage and strengths encompass its roots in optical design expertise and corporate culture, long-term development of optical and camera technology, continuous collection of data and research, superior customer service with its techniques to discover customer needs and rapid customer response system. 1 Competitors such as Pentax, Canon, and Sony have comparable products, but because of a robust pricing structure, coupled with Nikon’s established brand and distribution channels, these firms do not pose any serious competitive advantage. The new Nikon D300S has an outstanding list of features ranging from its electronics and sensor systems to high-quality HD video capability; it also includes a unique dual-slot memory card set up to separate pictures from video capture. Its affordable and competitive price makes this camera a highly attractive product for individuals who either want to seriously enter the world of digital photography or are professionals who want to upgrade from their present equipment. Based on our customer analysis and research, we recommend the following promotional strategy and targeted media campaign, exclusively for Houston, Texas, in conjunction with the FotoFest event in April and May of 2010. The overall goal with this campaign is to raise sales by 2% for 2010 in the Houston market. To reach the market we crafted two major campaigns for print and online media. The first is a continuous campaign, starting in January and running until December. The second is a shorter campaign starting in January continuing until the end of the FotoFest event in May. Both campaigns are designed to utilize local print publications, online banner ads and search engine marketing tactics, with FotoFest being targeted on a national level to reach potential customers who plan to travel to Houston for the event. The second campaign would be a Nikon sponsored campaign in conjunction with participating local retailers. In addition to the print and online campaigns we propose several bundled and/or rebate offers to attract customers. These offers range from camera and selected lens bundles to upgrades of memory cards at purchase. We recommend that Nikon continue its relationship with UPS as a cost effective distribution channel for the new D300S and that the firm count on this firm to maintain positive relationship with Nikon’s established specialty retailers. To achieve these goals, Nikon budgets $500,000 for all marketing initiatives. They include printed advertising in the Houston local publications, several nationally distributed trade magazines, online banner campaigns on Google, Yahoo!, publication web site, and a direct mail campaign and targeted email blasts to customers on local retailers’ mailing lists. 2 COMPANY DESCRIPTION Nikon began in 1917 when three of Japan’s leading optical equipment manufacturers merged to form Nippon Kogaku (Japan Optics), offering a full range of optical products. The company’s core competency was research and production of optical glass. Their product line included cameras, microscopes, binoculars, surveying and measuring instruments, and ophthalmic lenses. In 1946, they named their first cameras Nikon. In 1952 they established the Nikkor Club with its mission to promote a photography culture (Nikon-AboutHistory). Nikon’s first single lens reflex camera (SLR), the Nikon F, was first introduced in 1959. The Nikon Optical Co. was the first subsidiary to open in the United States in 1953. In the following decades, their lines of products would expand drastically. Some of these products included: in the 1960s the all weather camera, in the 1970s sunglasses, the 1980s introduced the first auto-focus compact camera and color printers, and in the 1990s the first underwater SLR camera and electrochromic sunglasses (they had the ability to change color depending on the surroundings brightness). Subsidiaries would also open all over the world in countries such as the Netherlands, Switzerland, the U.K., Germany, Canada, Hong Kong, France, Taiwan, Sweden, China, Thailand and Hungary. In 2007, Nikon’s aspirations were defined: Meeting Needs, Exceeding Expectations (Media Information). Nikon’s innovative company continues to develop and introduce new cutting-edge consumer-based products to the world today. STRATEGIC FOCUS AND PLAN MISSION, VISION AND GOALS “…Our determination and goal: Transforming imagination into creativity” (Nikon). Nikon’s philosophy of “Trustworthiness and Creativity” defines the company’s focus on meeting the needs and expectations of their consumers. Nikon’s mission is based on the company’s responsibility to positively serve their customers and the global environment. Nikon’s overarching goal is to achieve loyal customer satisfaction by producing efficient high quality products. Nikon takes its role as stewards of the environment seriously as evidenced by their very own “Safety Design Principle” (Nikon | Corporate Info). 3 Nikon’s overall corporate goals can be summarized in the following: • • • • • Increase satisfaction and trust from their customers Provide products and services that have superior levels of quality and safety Enhance and enrich the enjoyment of photographs Minimize impacts on the environment from production of products and services Build products that conform to international safety standards as guided by “Safety Design Principle” NIKON CORE COMPETENCY The Nikon Corporation is a complex organization with a multitude of subsidiaries, products and service offerings. Hence, their core competencies exist on many layers. However, there is one basic core competency that spans across all products and services — Nikon glass — from which all precision optical lenses are crafted. From the raw silicon to the final coating, Nikon glass production is considered both a science and an art form (Media Information). NIKON SUSTAINABLE COMPETITIVE ADVANTAGE The Nikon Corporation’s competitive advantage can be broken into several key components: • • • • • • Its roots in optical design expertise, corporate culture, and vast knowledge of and deep respect for all things photographic Long-term research and development of optical technology, camera development, processing technology forged by history and preserved tradition Continuous collection of data and responses, plus research and development at its Core Technology Center Customer service, customer satisfaction, and customer retention — all of which are vital to the success of the firm and at which the company excels Integrated solutions to discover customer needs and concerns, in order to address them as quickly as possible A rapid-response system that was implemented in 2006 that allows Nikon to respond to customer inquiries within 5 hours — a time 600% faster than prior to implementation of this customer service strategy (Nikon’s competitive edge) (See exhibit 1 – Email correspondence) 4 NIKON ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE The Nikon Corporation is a global organization with a multitude of subsidiaries and product divisions across Asia, the Americas, Australia and Europe (Nikon, Fact Book). (See exhibit 2 – Corporate Structure) SITUATION ANALYSIS NIKON S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS The Nikon Corporation’s primary strength lies in its roots in optical device manufacturing and optical lens development. Its network of subsidiaries enables Nikon to penetrate many markets to help maintain its position as the leader in photographic equipment manufacturing and in the field of semi-conductor technology. The implementation of processes to enhance internal communication and consumer relations aided Nikon in establishing a corporate culture that fosters motivation and customer satisfaction. Also, the integration of an advanced CRM (Customer Relationship Management) system helps Nikon to effectively collect, evaluate and manage information to benefit business operations. Potential weaknesses that could be improved upon are its pricing structure, exploring opportunities to produce high quality but less expensive products, and the firm’s need to raise awareness of areas of expertise other than the development of precision optics and cameras. Areas of opportunity include the expansion and positioning of Nikon in the semi-conductor technology manufacturing space; embrace Web 2.0 technology and utilize the social media trends and the promotion of My Picturetown®, an online photo sharing and distribution application. Serious threats exist due to fierce competition by the alliance of ASML and Zeiss Company. Less serious threats are in the area of camera equipment production, as Nikon also faces continuous competition with the development of cheaper and comparable products, for example: Canon and Pentax digital SRLs with video capability for the consumer market. Additionally, the recent less favorable economic climate contributes to lower consumer spending and awareness to price conscious end users. (See exhibit 3 – S.W.O.T. Chart) 5 INDUSTRY ANALYSIS PEST ANALYSIS • • • • • Political factors include government regulations and legal issues. In the case of Nikon Digital SLR cameras, the only restriction we could encounter, are tax policies and trade restrictions and tariffs. Nikon is staying ahead by implementing eco-friendly regulations in their companies before legislation requires. Economic factors that could affect a successful marketing initiative are the current economic down turn, difficulty in qualifying for a loan, potentially high interest rates. In a depressed economy, consumers are more cost conscious and may not want to invest in new cameras or accessories or replace older equipment until absolutely necessary. At the same time, potential expansion of the secondary market in today’s society demands for higher quality images and with Nikon’s expertise in that area, the firm could experience increased marketability. There are no real Social factors that would negatively impact the company. Nikon’s “Vision Nikon 21” and “Safety Design Principle” provide the company a solid image in the social responsibility and environmental conscious platforms. Socially, consumers perceive that an individual wielding a Nikon camera is a serious photographer and knows what he/she is doing. Technological factors in respect to Nikon Digital SLR marketing such as R&D activities, automation, technological incentives and the rate of technological change will not be a problem because of continuous research and innovation to stay ahead of the competition. Pending Patents is being assigned continuously with Nikon keeping them on the edge of technology. COMPETITOR ANALYSIS PENTAX S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS Similar to Nikon, the Pentax Corporation has its roots in the optical device research and manufacturing sector. Only two years after the foundation of Nikon in 1919, Pentax started developing high-quality lenses and began building its core competency in lens polishing technology. 6 Historically, Pentax developed and continues to develop cameras and lens systems at a very fast rate. Pentax also is exploring other industries, such as the development of digital scopes and precision surgical optics. Pentax also recognized the potentials of the Internet and the influence of social media and customer behavior, and the company launched two web sites: pentaxian.com and pentaxphotogallery.com, both intended for sharing and distributing imagery. Pentax’s major (current) weakness, however, is its fragile corporate and management structure caused by the merger with the HOYA Corporation in 2006. Consequently, the firm continues to struggle in stabilizing its business infrastructure. (See exhibit 4 – S.W.O.T. Chart) CANON S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS The Canon Corporation has been an established company for nearly threequarters of a century. When it comes to cameras, they are a household name. The firm began in the 1930s with their focus on developing quality cameras. Only one other company is at their level of notoriety: Nikon. Today’s society has become a very “Green” conscience world, and Canon has joined that following. Factor 2’s goal is make lighter, smaller, more energy efficient products with the goal of reducing greenhouse gases (Canon: Corporate Info). Canon‘s focus on environmental concerns makes them very desirable to the earth-conscience society we live in today. That strong focus, though environmentally friendly, may not be so consumer friendly. Focus on customer service should be a priority as well. Canon’s price point remains competitive with its top competition, Nikon. Though, to keep up with Nikon in the market place, further expansion globally could be useful. Also, in today’s declining economy, expansion could increase buyers. Digital SLR’s are not an inexpensive product and cannot be afforded by all. (See exhibit 5 – S.W.O.T. Chart) SONY S.W.O.T. ANALYSIS SONY’s strengths lie in the social platform arena and the company’s contribution to society at large. Corporate entities such as the Sony Life Insurance Co., Ltd, Sony Institute of Higher Education Shohku College, Sony Corp of America, and Sony de Mexico S.A de C.V. create a solid foundation and structure for Sony that could be expanded on within Japan and other countries. 7 With their brand widely known within several retail areas, SONY proves to be proficient within their marketing capabilities. Their low price point of their products seem to be sufficient to customers’ needs, making Sony one of the most affordable brands among the competition from Nikon and Canon. SONY has the ability to enhance their brand through careful planning of low material cost and high operational efficiency. Company weaknesses are in customer service and sales service satisfaction, which has the potential to drive away long-term customers and convert brand loyalists. An area of opportunity that can be improved is in environmental responsibility. Marketing their products globally, with the emphasis on product safety as well environmental philosophy could bring SONY closer in competition with Nikon’s “Safety Design Principle.” Major threats to SONY come from Nikon’s “Vision Nikon 21” customer service strategy, and Nikon’s “Safety Design Principle.” Both programs are extremely important to Nikon’s success and retention of customers and to create brand loyalty. (See exhibit 6 – S.W.O.T. Chart) NAICS CODES • • • Primary SIC Code: 3861 - Photographic equipment and supplies Primary UK SIC Code: 33.403 - Manufacture of photographic and cinematographic equipment Primary NAICS Code: 333315 - Photographic and Photocopying Equipment Manufacturing The Nikon Corporation specializes on a variety of products and services that span different industries. The above NAICS codes reflect all photographic equipment in which Nikon is involved. CUSTOMER ANALYSIS MARKET SEGMENTS INTRODUCTION G.R.C. Marketing Group identified two sectors of the digital SLR camera space, the consumers and the professionals. We segmented the consumers into students, teachers, individuals, and amateur/hobby photographers, with students being the target group for lower mega-pixels and lower cost digital SRLs. Teachers, individuals and hobby photographers are the targets for the 8 10 to 12 megapixels and higher cost range. Cameras are purchased either online or at retail stores. Cost is a significant factor for these consumer segments. Cameras are purchased throughout the year with possible spikes before and after the summer period. Special sales programs could be before summer vacation and before start of school and at the year-end start of holiday season. Other considerations are competitor activities. The primary target markets is the U.S. The professional sector is divided into educational organizations, photo studios, advertising agencies, researchers, and government or military, with focus on the 12 and 24 megapixels cameras, because of the higher cost of the purchase and need of use. No special timeframe is designated for these segments. Purchase will happen according to need any given time of the year. A possible spike in purchase of high-end models could be 4th quarter, as budgets are either planned or need to be spent. For the consumer sectors, cost is major factor in purchase decision, whereas the professional sector is driven by need. Other significant reasons for purchase in both sectors could account for the prior purchase and availability of interchangeable Nikkor lenses and accessories for older 35mm Nikon cameras by brand loyalists who are switching to digital photography. Based on the assumptions in Table 1, we will focus marketing efforts towards the 10 and 12 mega-pixels range digital SLRs, for both the consumer and professional sectors. Targeted advertising campaigns will be deployed in late spring and early fall, for both print and online media, including coupon offers and / or special bundled items for added value depending on geography. (See exhibit 7 – Market Segments - Table 1) MARKET-PRODUCT FOCUS MARKETING AND PRODUCT OBJECTIVES Nikon’s main focus is marketing to professional photographers by having the highest quality and most technically advanced photography equipment on the market. The current D series SLR cameras offer features such as EXPEED motion cancellation, high megapixel format, and low noise ISO sensitivity. The quality of a final image is what the photographer is most concerned with, and Nikon gives them the tools they need to capture any photo, in any condition. Nikon also extends their products to the more avid consumer interested in photography as a side hobby or future career interest. Long battery life, 9 in-camera image editing, more advanced help menu features and a reasonable price tag are things this market is interested in, and Nikon meets their needs with models such as the D300S. Because of the ever-growing technological advancements in the industry, Nikon keeps their products as up to date as possible. New models are released regularly introducing features and additions being demanded by customers, and less frequently an entire new product with an entirely new feature will be released. TARGET MARKET PRIMARY MARKET PROFESSIONAL PHOTOGRAPHER Age 18-50 College educated Caucasian, Asian, and other ethnicities Male No children 0-17 Income $100,000+ annually Geographic location: United States Employed The primary purchaser of a Nikon D-SLR camera is a professional photographer. He is male, between the ages of 18 and 50, and a college graduate. He lives in the United States, has no children, and makes upwards of $100,000 annually, placing him in the Upper class. SECONDARY MARKET CONSUMER PHOTOGRAPHER Age: 18+ Sex: Male/Female Income: $30 – $100k Education: Some college/college graduate Race: All Social Class: Middle/ upper class Family Size: No children 0-17 Geographical: United States Lifestyle: Two income, single parent incomes, student 10 Nikon’s secondary market targets both males and females 18 years of age and older. This group would usually consist of people with a college background who consider photography as a hobby and/or may be studying the field of photography for a potential career opportunity. All races are included. The secondary group has an income average of $30-$100k, establishing themselves as the middle/upper class group. According to the Nikon Quantcast Audience Profile for Nikon, “No Kids In High School” best describes the family size. It is also reported that this particular group has a high interest in Consumer Electronics, Technology, Sports/Outdoors, and Consumer Goods. The above characteristics were partially determined using graphs showing web traffic. (See exhibit 8 – U.S. Demographics) TRADE ASSOCIATIONS – NIKON CONSUMER ELECTRONICS ASSOCIATION- CEA (HTTP://WWW.CE.ORG/) The CEA mission statement: “CEA's mission is to grow the consumer electronics industry” (About CEA) Their members receive access to market research, networking opportunities, educational programs, regulatory and legislative news and exposure in promotional programs. Over 2000 companies have been united by CEA to achieve this. They have online forums, meetings and conferences to help members stay in touch with such people as government representatives, buyers, industry leaders and the media. For 75 years they have been providing objective market research, and are accredited by the American National Standards Institute. ‘The voice of the U.S. standards and conformity assessment system’ (About ANSI) Their Technology and Standards program consists of about 1900 participants and 30 working groups, committees and subcommittees. The world’s largest consumer technology tradeshow is produced by the CEA: the International CES. United at this conference are press from over 140 countries and over 100,000 distributors, manufacturers, importers, exporters, retail buyers and market analysts. If a member were to have an exhibit at the show they would receive benefits and discounts. 11 POINTS OF DIFFERENCE – NIKON D300S Nikon has many qualities within their operations that allow them to outshine the competition • • • • • • Nikon announces a new product one to two months before releasing it, allowing consumers the option to wait for the new and improved model This never leaves their customer in the position of feeling their purchase was obsolete. D-Movie Mode with sound: Record 720p HD movie clips enhanced by NIKKOR interchangeable lens quality and versatility. Offers the most cutting edge optical products in both the commercial and consumer market. Vari-angle color LCD monitor: Position the 3 -inch monitor freely for fresh shooting perspectives. Screen flips inward for safe keeping. GPS Geo-tagging: GP-1 GPS unit (optional) automatically identifies and records every image’s latitude, longitude and altitude, with satellite time-of-day. Built-in Flash unit: up to 17 feet range. Affordable and competitive pricing. (Nikon D300S Points of Difference) POSITIONING Nikon’s new D300S is the DSLR camera that delivers patented EXPEED processing technology and dual memory card slots only because Nikon is the leader in quality and performance. MARKETING PROGRAM PRODUCT STRATEGY The Nikon D300s has a remarkable number of features that will draw the buyer in. These features are what make this camera unique and a “must have” for any photographer. • 12.3 megapixel, high resolution, and low-noise image, creating sensor This is a sensor that offers 1,005-Pixel 3D Color Matrix Metering II, the only system that meters the colors in your shot to make exposures more brilliantly accurate. 12 • • • • • • • • The ISO range is 200 to 3200, and also offers a Lo-1 and Hi-1 option which are equal to having a 100 and 6400 ISO allowing for a high range of lighting variations and still create incredible images. The 920,000-dot, 100% accurate, LCD Monitor is a full 3 inches and capable of One-Button Live View help for challenging shoots and reviewing them afterward. When taking pictures of people it is important to make sure that they are in focus, so Nikon has implemented its Face Detection System. This works during playback, and it zooms in directly onto the face in the image so you can check for its sharpness. Nikon has a 51-point Auto-focus system and utilizes 3D Focus Tracking, which is a system designed specifically for moving subjects. This system follows the subject while the shutter is pressed half way down, then when the lapse between the shutter being pushed and the picture is taken. The camera predicts where the object will move to ensure a clear image. Nikon’s patented EXPEED processing technology produces your images with amazing precision at fast speeds and while also using less power. In continuous shoot mode, 7 frames can be shot per second and with the included EN-EL3e battery fully charged; up to 950 pictures can be taken. This camera not only shoots HD video, but it shoots at a cinematic 24 frames per second rate. When you are done shooting a video, Picture Controls allows you to trim the video or modify its tone and color. These same controls are used for still images allowing adjustments of Sharpening, Contrast, Brightness, Saturation and Hue, as well as customizing 9 capture preferences in addition to the 4 already available: Standard, Neutral, Vivid and Monochrome. High contrast situations are a challenge for professional photographers, usually something that must be remedied in post processing software that leads to degradation of images, Nikon’s Active D-Lighting in the D300S takes care of this problem by bringing back the highlight and shadow details by centralizing tonal control. Wedding photographers who photograph white dresses and black tuxedos will truly appreciate this aspect of this product. 13 • • Another feature regarding lighting with the D300S is its built-in flash that is compatible with Nikon’s Creative Lighting System. This system makes it possible to control remote flash units for wireless lighting. This particular camera can control up to two units. The built-in flash also has a wider coverage than most cameras with coverage for a 16mm wide-angle lens. The D300S includes a Virtual Horizon Graphic Indicator which eliminates the purchase of a separate hot shoe level for those times you need to make sure you are trying to get that perfect landscape shot, it can be leveled through either the viewfinder or the LCD monitor. (Nikon D300S Features and specifications) The Unique Selling Proposition of the Nikon D300S is its dual memory card slot. One slot is for Compact Flash mass storage card (CF cards) and the other is for a Secure Digital non-volatile memory card (SD cards). These two-memory card slots help organize images while shooting. If you are shooting video and pictures, you can separate the two by putting the videos on one and the still images on the other. Also, if you are shooting JPEGs and raw files, they can also be separated by memory card. Images or videos can be copied and pasted between cards. If you are shooting a video, the card with the most memory left on it can be calculated to make sure that video is placed on that card. Since it is the features that sell the camera, and when a purchaser is making their decision they are looking at the camera itself and not the box, the packaging will be kept simple to keep costs down. A simple box with the label of the type of camera in the box is all that is necessary. Nikon offers a standard 1-year parts and labor Limited Warranty as well as a toll-free number that can be called for additional support. When in-person support is necessary, Nikon has local retailers and distributors that it partners with for help that can be easily contacted. 14 PRICE STRATEGY Unit Cost and profit per unit for Nikon D300S Cost Break up per unit (Unit price $500) Materials Fixed Cost (Salary) Misc. Fees (Legal) Total Cost per unit $ $ $ $ 250 125 50 425 The D300S will be sold for $500 to the wholesalers. Based on this model, profit per unit will be $75. BREAK-EVEN ANALYSIS The following calculations are based on estimated fixed and variable costs, for 1 Million D300S cameras to be sold. Cost Breakdown (Fixed Cost) Marketing/Advertising/Graphics Facility (12 months) - $20,000 monthly (Lease, Rent, Property Tax) Overhead (Utilities, Phone, Water, etc.) 12 months - $5.000 monthly Salaries & Benefits (related to D300S personnel) Patent & Legal Fees Subtotal Fixed cost per unit: $ 1,900,000 / $ 1,000,000 = $ 1.9 Cost Breakdown (Variable Cost) for 1 Million Units R&D Materials — $250 per unit Transport Fees — $5 per unit in bulk Tax & Tariffs — based on assumed 20% for each unit Subtotal $ 500,000 $ 240,000 $ $ $ $ 60,000 1,000,000 100,000 1,900,000 1,000,000 $ $ 250,000,000 $ 5,000,000 $ 50,000,000 $306,000,000 Variable cost per unit: $ 306,000,000 / $ 1,000,000 = $ 306 To break even, Nikon needs to sell 9,793 units of the D300S camera. 1,900,000 / (500 [unit price] – 306 [variable cost]) = 9,793 units 15 SUGGESTED RETAIL PRICE STRUCTURE FOR THE NIKON D300S Cost Breakdown Materials Fixed Cost (Salary) Misc. Fees (Legal) Total Cost per unit $ 250 $ 125 $ 50 $ 425 Tax & Tariffs (based on 20% of $500) Transport (bulk shipment per unit) Sub total ($500 +$100 + $5) $ $ $ Total Unit Cost (Suggested retail price) $1,815 Profit based on $500 sold per unit ($75) Wholesaler Mark up (estimated) Retailer Mark up (estimated) $ $ 100 5 605 605 605 PROMOTION STRATEGY CREATIVE PRICING STRATEGY AND TACTICS • Odd-even Pricing—retail price of 1799.95 • Offer trade-in discounts: up to so much off ($300) of your D300S with the trade-in of your used D-SLR • • • • • Quantity Discount Pricing—For schools or photography businesses offer a discount when purchasing more than one camera. Seasonal Discount—Christmas and Thanksgiving offer an additional percentage off Offer Package deals that could possibly include: one or more lenses, carrying case, tripod, extra battery, memory card(s), a flash, or a lens cleaning kit. Offer Instant Rebates ($150) on other Nikon products with the purchase of a Nikon D300S Student Discounts—with student ID receive 30% off 16 CONTROL PLAN In the event that Nikon does not reach its financial goals for the year due to possible deviations, Nikon has already created possible solutions. POSSIBLE DEVIATION • Sales suffer a great decrease due to the suffering economy. • Sales decline due to the lack of advertising of the product. • There is a sudden increase of product substitution from competitors. POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS • • • Due to the suffering economy, Nikon sales can potentially drop. If this scenario should arise, Nikon will then search within a field for potential future growth where their distribution network can be used. They will make necessary means to expand worldwide by identifying potential regions where a promising increase of sales numbers can be expected. If there is an increase of product substitutes by competitors, Nikon will search different approaches to make their product more efficient. Nikon will search opportunities in the high-tech industry and visual imaging field to capitalize on their product. Product sales that may decline due to a lack of advertising, Nikon will have the opportunity to embark on several business promotions outside the Nikon Group. Nikon will search for elements outside the company to expand promotion with promoting tie-ups, alliances, mergers, and several acquirement. PLACE STRATEGY Nikon has several affiliates, but our product is mainly seen in specialty stores such as Houston Camera Exchange and Wolf Camera. To reach potential consumers and maximize the distribution channels, we recommend that Nikon do a co-op promotion with the specialty stores in order to help maximize their budgets as well as get them to feature this camera in their promotions. 17 PROMOTIONAL STRATEGY As part of the promotional strategy for the Nikon D300S, G.R.C. proposes two major marketing campaigns for print, online and mass media. The first is directed towards families and individuals planning for their summer vacation who want to capture their memorable moments, as well a special campaign for the Houston FotoFest, starting in April 2010. This group of consumers could be first-time purchasers of a digital SLR, or hobby photographers who want to make the switch from traditional 35 mm film cameras to digital cameras, or for photographers who plan on upgrading their current D-SLR camera. The second campaign would be initiated in mid-to-late fall and would be directed towards professional photographers, businesses and organizations that plan on purchasing new equipment to take advantage of the fourth quarter corporate spending as well as the following year’s tax incentives. A tertiary target group is present for the fall campaign – students, especially those in the field of photography, who choose to purchase their own equipment. This could be combined with a targeted campaign towards educational organizations only. There are two key strategies for each campaign, which could be potentially combined: • • A special offer of bundled components, such as the D300S and an 18-to-135 mm lens. A coupon reimbursement offer that would allow capturing consumer behavior data for future targeted online marketing. (See exhibit 9 – Promotion Details) G.R.C. Marketing Group proposes a media and advertising campaign for the Nikon D300S camera, which will be focusing on the Houston, Texas, area. Media channels include print advertising in local newspapers and magazines, with a special national ad campaign sponsored by Nikon, in several trade magazines such as Digital Photo, PC Photo, and Outdoor Photographer. This special campaign will be targeted towards the FotoFest event in March 2010 in Houston, and is part of an integrated marketing strategy that will utilize online banner space to increase awareness nationwide prior to the arrival of visitors and participants. Our secondary goal is to set a foundation for other cities to join for similar events across the U.S. 18 MEDIA PLAN Magazine • • • Houston Symphony – Monthly advertising in several different spots and sizes. They include 12 Back cover, Inside Front cover, 1/2-page, and Center spread in color, and 1/3-page in black & white ads. Digital Photo Pro – 3 monthly issues – February, March and April of 2010. Ads will start running one month prior the Photo Fest event start in Houston, Texas, and will end when the event ends on April 25, 2010. Ads include 3 Full page, Cover 2, 1/2-page in color, and 3 1/3 page in black & white. PC Photo – 3 monthly issues – February, March and April 2010. Ads will start running one month prior the FotoFest event in Houston, Texas, and will end, when event ends on April 25, 2010. Ads include 3 Full page, Cover 2, 1/2-page in color, and 3 1/3 page in black & white. Newspaper • • Houston Symphony – Monthly advertising in several different spots and sizes. They include 12 Back cover, Inside Front cover, 1/2-page, and Center spread in color, and 1/3-page in black & white ads. Houston Press – Weekly (52) Jr. Premium print advertisements for 12 months. Email Blast and Direct Mail Both email and direct mail strategies will be a combined deployment of local retailers with co-op support from Nikon. Combined US mailings and email blasts will contain special incentives for potential customers: for example, buy the camera and get an upgraded memory card. Direct mail postcard will be sent in February, and the e-mail blast will be sent in September. Online Banner Campaigns We allocated $60,000 for Google (Ad Words) and Yahoo! ad placements and will monitor and control deployment at various times of the day and week, as well as the number of clicks. The banners for Google and Yahoo! will be running the entire year for constant exposure. A more focused banner campaigns will be deployed before the Houston FotoFest. Banners include Leaderboards at 728x90 pixels, for 4 issues of 19 e-newsletters of each. Outdoor Photographer, PC Photo, and Digital Photo Pro (Werner Publishing) magazines, and their corresponding home pages, measured at 200,000 (CPM – Cost per thousand). They will be deployed starting in January, and will run until the end of April. Cost for each e-publication is $2,395. The budget for each of the three publication web sites is allocated at $18,000. The following is a detailed break down of the various print and online advertising components: Line Item Budget Magazine & Newspaper Print Advertising Digital Photo Pro (3x – various sizes and cover) Nikon co-op sponsored PC Photo (3x – various sizes and cover) Nikon co-op sponsored Houston Symphony (12x – Full Page Back cover & Inside) Houston Press (Junior Premium 52 Weeks) Direct Mail (Co-Op with local retailers) Postcards (estimated) $ 65,455 $ 43,365 $ 16,530 $ 91,468 $ $ 30,000 50,000 $ 80,000 $ 30,000 $ 30,000 $ 7,185 Online Email Blasts (Co-Op with local retailers) Campaign Monitor bulk mailing (100,000 recipients @ 0.8 cents) Online Banner Advertising Yahoo! (Depending on imprints and clicks) – sponsored Google Ad Words (Depending on imprints and clicks) Nikon co-op sponsored Werner Publishing (4 x Banner Ads for newsletter) Nikon co-op sponsored Werner Publishing (Banner Ads on home pages) Nikon co-op sponsored Total Advertising Cost (See exhibit 9 – Media Buy Flow Chart) (See exhibit 10 to 15 – 2009 Advertising Rates & Samples) $ 54,000 $498,003 20 PLACE (DISTRIBUTION) STRATEGY Nikon partners with UPS Supply Chain Solutions to provide a solid distribution network. The network includes; supply chains, logistics, transportation, and freight & customs brokerage services. Nikon is responsible for keeping skilled customer service primary, and keeping distributors and retailers updated on product availability. With UPS Supply Chain Solutions, Nikon will reach its sales goals of $5 million by distributing in areas within the United States, Latin America, and the Caribbean. Nikon's merchandise starts at manufacturing centers in Korea, Japan, and Indonesia. Air and ocean freight, and customs brokerage are managed by UPS Supply Chain Solutions which are all forwarded to UPS's global operations and logistics center main campus in Louisville Kentucky. Here, Nikon's products are "kitted" with batteries, chargers, and with any type of needed accessory. The products is then repackaged to meet the requirements of Nikon's in-store display arrangements and are shipped for export within the United States, to Latin American and Caribbean retail outlets and distributors for customers purchase. To keep track of their products, UPS Supply Chain Solutions provides “SKU-Level” visibility and provides Nikon with advance shipment notifications throughout the U.S, Caribbean & Latin American markets. This method gives Nikon a glance of the supply chain that rivals their performance. (See Exhibit 16 – Distribution Flow Chart)(See Exhibit 17 – UPS Supply Chain Solution) 21 WORKS CITED (2009). About Us/Overview. Retrieved August 17, 2009, from American City Business Journal Nikon | About Nikon | Responsibility / Safety Design Principle. Retrieved July 14, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/productsafety/index.htm Nikon’s competitive edge. Email correspondence. Retrieved July 16 2009. Exhibit 1a and 1b Peppers & Rogers Group, "Turning Customer Experiences Into Competitive Edge:Nikon's Journey to Leadership." (2006): 5. Print. "Nikon|Corporate Info|Nikons Philosophy." Nikon. 2008. Nikon Group. 16 Aug 2009 <http://www.nikon.com/about/info/philosophy/index.htm>. Nikon | Corporate Info | Products History (Corporate / Cameras / Movie and Digital Imaging Equipment and Others). (n.d.). Retrieved July 14, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/info/history/products/index.htm Nikon, Fact Book 2008 English Edition 16. Print. Exhibit 2 Nikon Instruments Inc. | News | US News | Company Backgrounder. (n.d.). Retrieved July 17, 2009, from http://www.nikoninstruments.com/News/USNews/Company-Backgrounder Nikon | Responsibility | Production of Safe Products. (n.d.). Retrieved July 16, 2009 http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/product-safety/index.htm Nikon | Responsibility | Quality Control. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/quality-control/index.htm Nikon | Responsibility | Relationship with Customers. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/index.htm Nikon | Responsibility | Role in Society. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/society/index.htm About PENTAX - Company History and Timeline. (n.d.). Retrieved July 25, 2009, from http://www.pentaximaging.com/about/history AnnualReports.com. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2009, from http://www.annualreports.com/About 22 CEA: About CEA - About CEA. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2009, from http://www.ce.org/AboutCEA/default.asp Canon : Corporate Info. (n.d.). Retrieved July 24, 2009, from http://www.canon.com/corp Canon | Environmental Activities | Vision for 2010 : Factor 2. (n.d.). Retrieved July 24, 2009, from http://www.canon.com/environment/vision/factor2.html, http://www.canon.com/environment/vision/vision.html Census Bureau Home Page. (n.d.). Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.census.gov Canon | Environmental Activities. (n.d.). Retrieved July 24, 2009, from http://www.canon.com/environment Feldman, D. S. (n.d.). Business Activity Code, NAICS Code, SIC Code & Industry Search. Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.naicscode.com "Examples Of Positioning Statements." Business Plans to Start and Grow your Business.. 15 Aug. 2009 <http://www.growthconnection.com/Examples-OfPositioningStatements.htm> IR Solutions. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2009, from http://www.irsolutions.com/irSolutions-productsservices.html NAICS & SIC Updates, Manuals, Reference Files & Database Enhancements. (n.d.). Retrieved July 29, 2009, from http://www.naics.com Nikon Competition . (n.d.). Retrieved July 25, 2009, from corptv.datiq.net/asml/Q22009/index.html nikon.com - Quantcast Audience Profile. (n.d.).Retrieved July 31, 2009, from http://www.quantcast.com/nikon.com#demographics Nikon’s competitive edge. Email correspondence. Retrieved July 16 2009. Exhibit 1a and 1b Peppers & Rogers Group, "Turning Customer Experiences Into Competitive Edge:Nikon's Journey to Leadership." (2006): 5. Print. "Nikon|Corporate Info|Nikons Philosophy." Nikon. 2008. Nikon Group. 16 Aug 2009 <http://www.nikon.com/about/info/philosophy/index.htm>. 23 Nikon | Corporate Info | Products History (Corporate / Cameras / Movie and Digital Imaging Equipment and Others). (n.d.). Retrieved July 14, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/info/history/products/index.htm Nikon, Fact Book 2008 English Edition 16. Print. Exhibit 2 Nikon Instruments Inc. | News | US News | Company Backgrounder. (n.d.). Retrieved July 17, 2009, from http://www.nikoninstruments.com/News/USNews/Company-Backgrounder Nikon | Investor Relations. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/ir/index.htm Overview. (n.d.). Retrieved August 8, 2009, from http://www.ansi.org/about_ansi/overview/overview.aspx?menuid=1 Nikon | Responsibility | Production of Safe Products. (n.d.). Retrieved July 16, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/productsafety/index.htm Nikon | Responsibility | Quality Control. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/quality-control/index.htm Nikon | Responsibility | Relationship with Customers. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/customers/index.htm Nikon | Responsibility | Role in Society. (n.d.). Retrieved July 15, 2009, from http://www.nikon.com/about/csr/society/index.htm PENTAX Photo Gallery. (n.d.). Retrieved July 24, 2009, from http://www.pentaxphotogallery.com/home Pentax - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia. (n.d.). Retrieved July 25, 2009, from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pentax "PEST Analysis." Strategic Management. 2007. 17 Aug 2009 <http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/pest/>. Sony Complaints. (n.d.). Retrieved July 23, 2009, from http://www.complaintsboard.com/bycompany/sony-a12607.html Sony Global - Affiliated Companies(Japan). (n.d.). Retrieved July 27, 2009, from http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/CorporateInfo/Subsidiaries/index.html Sony Global - Procurement and Purchasing. (n.d.). Retrieved July 23, 2009, from http://www.sony.net/SonyInfo/procurementinfo/index.html 24 "PEST Analysis." QuickMBA: Accounting, Business Law, Economics, Entrepreneurship, Finance, Management, Marketing, Operations, Statistics, Strategy. 2 Sep. 2009 <http://www.quickmba.com/strategy/pest/>. (2008). Nikon | News | Vision Nikon 21. Retrieved August 31, 2009, from Nikon Web site: http://www.nikon.com/about/news/2000/principal.htm Nikon D300S Points of Difference. Retrieved September 24, 2009, from http://photo.net/equipment/nikon/D300s/preview/, Product brochure (PDF ) Nikon D300S Features and specifications. Retrieved September 24, 2009, from http://imaging.nikon.com/products/imaging/lineup/digitalcamera/slr/d300s/ "UPS Supply Chain Solutions - Nikon Consumer Goods." 2005. UPS/NIKON. 7 Sep 2009 Yahoo! Online advertising - http://adspecs.yahoo.com/index.php Email Blast - http://www.campaignmonitor.com/pricing/ 25 APPENDIX 26 EXHIBITS Exhibit 1 - Email Correspondence Gmail - Nikon's competitive edge http://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=329c5a3db3&view=pt&ca... Ron Tayyab <rontayyab@gmail.com> Nikon's competitive edge Fasano Edward R. <efasano@nikon.net> To: Ron Tayyab <ron.tayyab@gmail.com> Thu, Jul 16, 2009 at 12:10 PM Ron, I'm afraid that time is an extremely valuable commodity that collides with a surprising number of requests such as yours. Still, we are flattered that our brand is occasionally viewed as a model for study. In any case, I offer the following, albeit brief and less than ideally ordered responses to your question. Nikon Inc., a wholly-owned subsidiary of Nikon Corporation in Tokyo. We are one of Nikon Corporation's major marketing centers (a Kyoten), with sales, marketing and service responsibilities for North and South America and the Caribbean. As the historical information on various Nikon websites indicates, the company's roots, and arguably one of its core competencies is considerable expertise in optical engineering, combined with the essential resources and infrastructure to execute against that expertise. However, optical design expertise does not, by itself, necessarily provide an ideal foundation for the design, manufacture and marketing of photographic products. This is where another layer of core competency comes into play. As obvious as it may sound, Nikon (unlike many competing consumer electronics companies, and even some competing photographic manufacturers), has a vast knowledge of, and deep respect for, things photographic. And because optical design, as it relates to the development of interchangeable lenses, is sometimes as much art as it is science, this combination of competencies, mixed with protected values contributes to perhaps our most important unique selling proposition—NIKKOR interchangeable lenses. This USP, stemming from core competencies, yields a special (if not unique) sustainable competitive advantage. Certainly though, Nikon's expertise is not limited to optics. SLR cameras (once film and now overwhelmingly digital), Speedlights and system accessories, together with NIKKOR lenses contribute to the strength of the photographic brand that is Nikon. Nikon is, by no means, a small company. But, we are smaller than our nearest competitor. Some would say (and I have) that our brand is bigger than we are. We work very hard, and often make some challenging decisions, to sustain that. The Nikon brand, for what it represents; combined with the Nikon photographic system for its capabilities, come together to create something against which, competing in a meaningful way, is no easy task. At the same time, it is no easy task (for those of us at Nikon) to remain intensely focused on, and to aggressively protect the fundamental values that helped get us to where we are. But, the potential (and historically-proven) reward for doing so is the ability to remain a brand against which competing is difficult. Much of the above substantiates a fascinating business culture, within which both the brand and photography itself are held in exceptionally high regard. Nikon's core beliefs go beyond mission statements on a plaque or platitudes in company newsletters. When a majority of employees share a similar mindset as a matter of course, it has a natural and positive effect on decision-making at virtually every level. More times than not, this decision-making effect leads to decisions that are (1) correct and (2) serve to protect the brand and the corporation’s values. Clearly, Nikon has meaningful competition. That competition makes us a better company. And I would 1 of 3 7/17/09 6:18 PM 27 Exhibit 1 - Email Correspondence Gmail - Nikon's competitive edge http://mail.google.com/mail/?ui=2&ik=329c5a3db3&view=pt&ca... submit that they would admit that we also make them better company. An important result of this is better value and higher performance for discriminating photographers and casual picture takers alike. When occasionally asked, from a marketing perspective, what is the single most important thing a marketing manager can and should do; my response is always the same. Before all else, protect your brand. One important way in which we protect the brand is our deep appreciation for the images that our products are capable of generating. Another and much more tedious way in which we protect the brand is linked to truthfulness. A surprising number of photographic images used in the advertising of photographic merchandise (visually suggesting or plainly stating the capabilities of the hero product) weren't captured with that hero product. In many instances, stock images are selected and licensed with little, if any regard for what equipment was used for their capture. And in other instances, a manufacturer may use professional-grade equipment to produce images that will ultimately be used to demonstrate the capabilities of much lesser products. Nikon end-result images that appear in advertising, on packaging, point of purchase materials, websites and more, must first meet the stringent requirement of having been captured with the product to which they are being associated. Candidly, we get little credit for this. Still, it is something that we feel is (1) right and (2) is one of those elements that protects the brand. In the end, it also helps us sleep better at night. I'm going to guess that this series of scattered responses may not be what you expected, but I hope that they offer you some insight that will allow you and your team to refine your own conclusions. Good luck with your studies and your business future. Edward R Fasano General Manager, Marketing, SLR System Products Nikon Inc. 1300 Walt Whitman Road Melville NY 11747-3064 Office: 631-547-4003 Fax: 631-547-0309 efasano@nikon.net www.nikonusa.com From: rontayyab@gmail.com [mailto:rontayyab@gmail.com] On Behalf Of Ron Tayyab Sent: Wednesday, July 15, 2009 12:23 PM To: Fasano Edward R. Subject: Nikon's competitive edge [Quoted text hidden] 2 of 3 7/17/09 6:18 PM 28 Exhibit 2 - Nikon Corporate Structure Structure of Nikon Group As of July 1, 2008 General Shareholders’ Meeting Board of Directors Representative Director, President, CEO & COO Corporate Auditors/Board of Corporate Auditors Executive Committee Internal Audit Department Corporate Planning Department Financing & Accounting Department Corporate Communications & IR Department Affiliates Administration Department Business Development Headquarters Information System Headquarters Hikari Glass Co., Ltd. Nikon Optical Shop Co., Ltd. Nikon Vision Co., Ltd. Nikon Engineering Co., Ltd. Nikon Americas Inc. Nikon Holdings Europe B.V. Nikon-Essilor Co., Ltd. Nikon-Trimble Co., Ltd. Nikon Systems Inc. Intellectual Property Headquarters Business Administration Center Nikon Business Service Co., Ltd. Nikon Tsubasa Inc. Core Technology Center Research & Development Headquarters Production Technology Headquarters Precision Equipment Company Sales Headquarters Development Headquarters Production Headquarters Mito Nikon Precision Corporation Zao Nikon Co., Ltd. Tochigi Nikon Precision Co., Ltd. Sendai Nikon Precision Corporation Nikon Tec Corporation Nikon Precision Inc. Nikon Research Corporation of America Nikon Precision Europe GmbH Nikon Precision Korea Ltd. Nikon Precision Taiwan Ltd. Nikon Precision Singapore Pte Ltd Nikon Precision Shanghai Co., Ltd. LCD Equipment Division Imaging Company Marketing Headquarters Development Headquarters Production Headquarters Instruments Company Customized Products Division Tochigi Nikon Corporation Sendai Nikon Corporation Nikon Imaging japan Inc. Nikon Inc. Nikon Canada Inc. Nikon Europe B.V. Nikon AG Nikon GmbH Nikon U.K. Ltd. Nikon France S.A.S. Nikon Nordic AB Nikon Kft. Nikon s.r.o. Nikon Polska Sp.z o.o. Nikon Hong Kong Ltd. Nikon Singapore Pte Ltd Nikon (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd. Nikon Imaging (China) Sales Co., Ltd. Nikon Australia Pty Ltd Nikon India Private Limited Nikon Imaging Korea Co., Ltd. Nikon (Thailand) Co., Ltd. Nikon Imaging (China) Co., Ltd. Nikon International Trading (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd. Guang Dong Nikon Camera Co., Ltd. Hang Zhou Nikon Camera Co., Ltd. Kurobane Nikon Co., Ltd. Nikon Instech Co., Ltd. Nikon Instruments Inc. Nikon Instruments Europe B.V. Nikon Instruments S.p.A. Nikon Instruments (Shanghai) Co., Ltd. Nikon Instruments Korea Co., Ltd. Nanjing Nikon Jiangnan Optical Instrument Co., Ltd. Glass Division 16 29 Exhibit 3 - Nikon S.W.O.T. Analysis v v v v v v v Strengths Core competency: Manufacturing of precision optics and high-quality lenses (NIKKOR). Expertise: Long-term research and development in optical technology, camera development, processing technology and other technological innovations forged by history and preserved tradition. Continuous collection of data and responses, research and development at its Core Technology Center. Market share: Global market penetration with subsidiaries in Asia, the Americas, Europe and Australia. Quality: Almost 100 years of reputable brand building. Client relationship: Vision Nikon 21 superior customer service strategy by listening to the needs of customers and improved response rate. Corporate culture: Motivating corporate culture radiation outwards and environmental-friendly manufacturing process. Business operation: Rapid management response system to quickly adapting to frequently changing business climate. v v Weaknesses Pricing structure: Nikon photographic products are relatively expensive to the average consumer. Often competitors such as Canon and Pentax develop comparable products that are packed with more advanced features. Product awareness: Nikon is known for its development of photographic equipments. However Nikon is a competent player in many other areas, especially in the development of semi-conductor technology, and / or in areas of Electron Projection Lithography. 30 Exhibit 3 - Nikon S.W.O.T. Analysis v v v v v Opportunities Niche market development: Semiconductor wafer technology. Web 2.0 integration: my Picturetown® – online image storage, viewing and distribution application, enabled through Wi-Fi technology. Growing emerging markets: Affordable consumer products in the field of photography for both the casual and professional user and shortening the product replacement cycle. Broader features and advanced technology: Shift from digital picture taking to HD video capabilities, broadened field for development to post-photography image processing and viewing. Sales regions: Will widen considerably with growth in markets following economic development in emerging markets. Threats Serious Threats v Semi-conductor technology: Long-term continuing shrinkage. v Fierce competition: ASML/Zeiss Alliance in optical technology in the semi-conductor sector; CANON and PENTAX camera development of affordable HD video able D-SLRs. Probable Threats v Pricing structure: Nikon photographic products are relatively expensive to the average consumer. Often competitors such as Canon and Pentax develop comparable products that are packed with more advanced features. v Economy: Global economic downturn, hence less consumer spending. 31 Exhibit 4 - Pentax S.W.O.T. Analysis v v v v v v v v v v Strengths Core competency: Manufacturing of precision optics, superb lens polishing technology and cameras. Expertise: Long-term research and development in optical technology and camera development. Branching off into medical and surgical optical device development and scopes for recreational use. Market share: Global market penetration with strong foothold the U.S., Asia and Europe. Quality: Almost 100 years of reputable brand building (like Nikon). Business operation: Rapid development of products and ability to adapt to the fast changing business environment. Pricing structure: Affordable highquality equipment. Opportunities Niche market development: Medical and surgical product expansion. Riflescopes and digital binocular manufacturing. Web 2.0 integration: pentaxian.com and pentaxphotogallery.com – viewing, sharing and distribution application. Growing emerging markets: Affordable consumer products for photographic cameras, for both the casual and professional user. Digital compact camera market expansion. Technology: Broader features and advanced technology. Shift from digital picture taking to HD video capabilities. v v v v v Weaknesses Business operation: Internal turmoil caused by recent mergers and management turnover. Availability of lenses: a) high demand and not being able to produce, and b) range of lens products. Threats Competition: Nikon and Canon camera development of HD video able D-SLRs. Economy: Global economic downturn, hence less consumer spending. Business Operation: Shareholder input and pressure. 32 Exhibit 5 - Canon S.W.O.T. Analysis v v v v v v v v v v v Strengths Experience: 72 yrs. Striving to improve on safety of people who produce our products and improving on the products themselves. The Global Environment Strategic Expert Committee: goal to strengthen environmental management. Expansion: people connected to the company and the regions Canon resides in increases daily. Energy Conservation: Factor 2 introduction-energy saving equipment brought into production facilities as well as products being produced that are more efficient, smaller and lighter. Competitive pricing Main Product Focus: from inception; cameras. Corporate Culture: San-ji which means Three Selves: self-motivation, self-management, and self-awareness Opportunities Possible merger with competing companies to reduce competition. Acquiring experts with knowledge to help improve products more efficiently and quickly. Expansion of advertising to create knowledge to potential customers. v v v v v v v v Weaknesses Pricing: D-SLR’s are a higher-end, more expensive product, not affordable by all. Technology Based Corporation: Ever changing technology, must always keep up. Global: not as Global as main competitor, Nikon Customer relationship: stronger focus on environment and employee concerns. Threats Potential decline in demand. Nikon is extremely strong competition-technology expansion similarly paced. Construction delays for prospective expansion. Unforeseen lawsuits 33 Exhibit 6 - Sony S.W.O.T. Analysis v v v v v v Strengths Affiliates: expansion with several companies within and outside of Japan. Ex: Sony Life Insurance Co., Ltd, Sony Institute of Higher Education Shohku College, Sony Corp of America, and Sony de Mexico S.A de C.V. Customer and Supplier Loyalty: High level of expectation with customers and suppliers from all backgrounds. Prices: Lower product prices vs. Nikon and Canon product prices. Procurement Activities: Enhancing Sony Brand Equity, Competitive Products, and Strengthening Profits with lower material cost and great operational output Opportunities Corporations: Offer marketable corporations such as banking opportunities or higher education learning worldwide. Environmental: Market their approach globally of environmental research and safe production v v v v Weaknesses Customer Service: Lack of customer service / sale service satisfaction. This important factor can drive away long-term customers. Environmental: Lack of an established environmental safety plan for production of their products Threats Production Safety: Nikon's customer satisfaction and environmental approach for their products. (Nikon's 'Safety Design Principle'). Customer Service: Nikon's 'Vision Nikon 21'. SONY's lack in customer service satisfaction can damage customer loyalty 34 Exhibit 7 - Market Segments - Table 1 MARKETS SECTOR SEGMENT PRODUCTS < 10 MP* 10 MP 12 MP 24 MP Students Consumer Teachers Individuals Amateur Education Studios Professonal Agencies Research Gov./Military Table 1 *Megapixels 35 Exhibit 8 - U.S. Demographics 36 Exhibit 9 - Media Buy Flow Chart 37 Exhibit 10 - Houston Symphony Rates THE HOUSTON SYMPHONY – WHERE YOUR MESSAGE MEETS MILLIONAIRES…AND MORE! OFFICIAL PROGRAM GUIDE OF THE HOUSTON SYMPHONY Read by elite, luxury consumers of high-end goods and services Hand-delivered at every Houston Symphony performance – more than 100 annually 0% newsstand waste Pass-along readership 625,000 Attract business owners and executives, loyal arts patrons, high-wealth Houstonians Year-round distribution at prestigious Jones Hall DEMOGRAPHICS • 1 in 6 patrons are millionaires. Average income: $180K • 70%+ CEOs, business owners, executives, decision-makers • 88% own stocks and bonds • 21% own second homes • 81% visit galleries and museums • 61% dine out frequently each week FOUR COLOR 2X 4X 6X 12X 4,620 ADVERTISING RATES BACK COVER 5,890 5,595 5,305 INSIDE FRONT COVER 4,855 4,615 4,370 3,810 INSIDE BACK COVER 4,450 4,230 4,005 3,490 Circulation: 250,000 Pass-along: 625,000 FULL PAGE 3,600 3,420 3,240 2,825 Frequency: Monthly 2/3 PAGE 2,680 2,545 2,410 2,100 1/2 PAGE 2,120 2,015 1,905 1,665 1/3 PAGE 1,505 1,430 1,355 1,180 1/6 PAGE 1,155 1,045 990 860 CENTER SPREAD 7,725 7,335 6,600 5,605 BLACK AND WHITE 2X 4X 6X 12X FULL PAGE 2,585 2,450 2,325 2,020 2/3 PAGE 1,890 1,760 1,670 1,455 1/2 PAGE 1,525 1,405 1,340 1,165 1/3 PAGE 1,080 1,010 955 830 1/6 PAGE 725 670 640 555 PRICING FOR PREFERRED POSITIONS AVAILABLE UPON REQUEST 38 Exhibit 11 - Digital Photo Pro Cover 39 Exhibit 12 - Digital Photo Pro Rates ® Rate Card #8 Effective January 2009 GENERAL ADVERTISING RATES BLACK & WHITE 1 time 3 times 6 times Full Page $11,175 $10,740 $10,320 9 times 12 times 18 times $9,910 $9,505 $9,125 2/3 Page 8,515 8,170 7,835 7,525 7,240 6,965 1/2 Page 6,485 6,210 5,970 5,730 5,495 5,295 1/3 Page 4,940 4,740 4,540 4,360 4,185 4,025 1/4 Page 3,760 3,585 3,450 3,330 3,185 3,065 1/6 Page 2,855 2,730 2,635 2,515 2,435 2,330 1/12 Page 2,195 2,090 2,020 1,915 1,855 1,775 1-inch 1,120 1,065 1,015 965 950 895 BLACK & 1 PROCESS COLOR 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times Full Page $12,725 $12,225 $11,750 $11,275 $10,820 $10,385 2/3 Page 9,705 9,290 8,935 8,575 8,240 7,915 1/2 Page 7,360 7,085 6,785 6,530 6,265 6,030 1/3 Page 5,600 5,380 5,175 4,975 4,760 4,580 1/4 Page 4,260 4,105 3,925 3,780 3,640 3,475 FOUR-COLOR 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times 2009 RATES SPECIAL CLASSIFICATION BLACK & WHITE 1 time Full Page $7,765 2/3 Page 5,905 1/2 Page 4,495 1/3 Page 3,425 1/4 Page 2,610 1/6 Page 2,000 1/12 Page 1,520 1-inch 780 3 times $7,460 5,695 4,345 3,285 2,515 1,915 1,480 765 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times $7,165 $6,885 $6,625 $6,335 5,450 5,240 5,015 4,830 4,165 4,005 3,825 3,690 3,165 3,040 2,925 2,805 2,395 2,310 2,235 2,135 1,840 1,755 1,675 1,640 1,400 1,355 1,305 1,255 705 680 660 645 BLACK & 1 PROCESS COLOR 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times Full Page $9,005 $8,650 $8,320 $7,980 $7,680 $7,360 2/3 Page 6,865 6,605 6,335 6,070 5,835 5,600 1/2 Page 5,210 5,015 4,815 4,615 4,425 4,260 1/3 Page 3,985 3,810 3,665 3,520 3,385 3,230 1/4 Page 3,025 2,910 2,790 2,685 2,570 2,470 FOUR-COLOR 1 time 3 times Full Page $10,555 $10,150 2/3 Page 8,035 7,715 1/2 Page 6,125 5,890 1/3 Page 4,665 4,475 1/4 Page 3,545 3,400 6 times $9,745 7,405 5,650 4,280 3,270 9 times 12 times 18 times $9,365 $8,990 $8,630 7,120 6,845 6,550 5,410 5,190 4,995 4,120 3,945 3,810 3,145 3,025 2,910 Full Page $14,895 $14,315 $13,765 $13,205 $12,650 $12,150 2/3 Page 11,335 10,895 10,465 10,025 9,625 9,250 1/2 Page 8,630 8,285 7,955 7,625 7,335 7,020 1/3 Page 6,550 6,285 6,050 5,815 5,575 5,360 1/4 Page 4,995 4,775 4,595 4,425 4,240 4,060 3 times 6 times COVERS 1 time Cover 2 9 times 12 times 18 times $16,680 $16,025 $15,395 $14,775 $14,180 $13,600 Cover 3 15,805 15,160 14,555 14,000 13,420 12,885 Cover 4 17,880 17,165 16,505 15,825 15,190 14,590 MARKETPLACE 4.75-inch 3-inch 2-inch 1-inch 1 time $1,610 1,360 1,000 640 3 times $1,545 1,310 965 610 6 times $1,490 1,1250 920 590 CLASSIFIEDS Words Red Words Borders $35 50 65 each each Bleed covers and body units are an additional 10%. No charge for gutter bleed only. Oversized material that requires bleed handling will be charged the bleed premium. WERNER PUBLISHING CORPORATION • 12121 WILSHIRE BOULEVARD, SUITE 1200, LOS ANGELES, CA 90025 PHONE: (310) 820-1500 • FAX: (310) 826-5008 • WWW.DIGITALPHOTOPRO.COM 40 Exhibit 13 - PC Photo Cover 41 Exhibit 14 - PC Photo Rates ® Rate Card #14 Effective January 2009 GENERAL ADVERTISING RATES BLACK & WHITE 1 time 3 times 6 times 2009 RATES SPECIAL CLASSIFICATION BLACK & WHITE 9 times 12 times 18 times 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times Full Page $14,970 $14,365 $13,800 $13,245 $12,715 $12,205 Full Page $10,995 $10,560 $10,135 $9,725 $9,340 $8,965 2/3 Page 11,380 10,930 10,485 10,070 9,660 9,280 2/3 Page 8,360 8,025 7,705 7,400 7,105 6,810 1/2 Page 8,655 8,310 7,975 7,655 7,345 7,055 1/2 Page 6,360 6,105 5,855 5,625 5,400 5,185 4,825 4,640 4,455 4,275 4,105 3,940 1/3 Page 6,580 6,315 6,070 5,820 5,585 5,365 1/3 Page 1/4 Page 5,000 4,800 4,605 4,430 4,250 4,075 1/4 Page 3,680 3,525 3,390 3,260 3,125 3,000 1/6 Page 3,810 3,655 3,505 3,370 3,230 3,110 1/6 Page 2,800 2,685 2,575 2,480 2,375 2,280 1/12 Page 2,895 2,780 2,670 2,565 2,465 2,365 1/12 Page 2,130 2,050 1,955 1,885 1,805 1,735 1-inch 1,450 1,395 1,340 1,290 1,240 1,190 1-inch 1,070 1,030 985 955 915 870 BLACK & 1 PROCESS COLOR BLACK & 1 PROCESS COLOR 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times Full Page $16,840 $16,160 $15,515 $14,900 $14,305 $13,730 2/3 Page 12,800 12,290 11,805 11,325 10,870 10,435 1/2 Page 9,730 9,340 8,970 8,610 8,265 7,930 1/3 Page 7,400 7,100 6,815 6,550 6,290 6,035 1/4 Page 5,630 5,395 5,190 4,975 4,780 4,590 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times Full Page $12,850 $12,330 $11,835 $11,370 $10,910 $10,470 2/3 Page 9,770 9,375 8,995 8,640 8,290 7,965 1/2 Page 7,425 7,125 6,840 6,565 6,300 6,055 1/3 Page 5,645 5,425 5,200 5,000 4,800 4,605 1/4 Page 4,290 4,120 3,955 3,805 3,650 3,505 FOUR-COLOR FOUR-COLOR 1 time 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times Full Page $14,675 $14,095 $13,535 $12,990 $12,470 $11,970 Full Page $22,470 $21,570 $20,710 $19,880 $19,090 $18,325 2/3 Page 10,285 9,880 9,480 9,100 2/3 Page 17,080 16,400 15,740 15,110 14,510 13,930 1/2 Page 8,490 8,145 7,825 7,510 7,205 6,920 1/2 Page 12,980 12,470 11,970 11,490 11,030 10,595 1/3 Page 6,455 6,190 5,940 5,710 5,480 5,265 1/3 Page 9,870 9,475 9,100 8,735 8,380 8,045 1/4 Page 4,905 4,710 4,525 4,345 4,170 4,005 1/4 Page 7,500 7,210 6,910 6,640 6,375 6,125 11,160 10,720 MARKETPLACE COVERS 1 time Cover 2 3 times 6 times 9 times 12 times 18 times $25,330 $24,315 $23,345 $22,410 $21,510 $20,655 1 time 3 times 6 times 9 times $1,820 $1,745 $1,675 $1,630 3-inch 1,360 1,310 1,250 1,215 4.75-inch Cover 3 24,340 23,360 22,430 21,540 20,670 19,850 2-inch 1,000 965 925 895 Cover 4 26,220 25,170 24,175 23,210 22,275 21,385 1-inch 640 640 590 575 Bleed covers and body units are an additional 10%. No charge for gutter bleed only. Oversized material that requires bleed handling will be charged the bleed premium. WERNER PUBLISHING CORPORATION • 12121 WILSHIRE BOULEVARD, SUITE 1200, LOS ANGELES, CA 90025 PHONE: (310) 820-1500 • FAX: (310) 826-5008 • WWW.PCPHOTOMAG.COM 42 Exhibit 15 - Outdoor Photographer Banner Rates 2009 Online Ad Rates & Specs Werner Publishing Corp. produces upscale enthusiast publications in the photography, golf and aviation categories. Our goal is to produce media product that attracts passionate and engaged audiences. You can reach them with the powerful Werner Publishing Imaging Group websites. outdoorphotographer.com Outdoor Photographer inspires visual trips, taking visitors to destinations they never thought possible. Focusing on scenics, travel, wildlife and sports, Outdoor Photographer draws visitors who consistently rank among the best consumers for photo products. • outdoorphotographer.com is the amateur and professional photographers’ online source for cutting-edge photo products, travel locations and how-to articles. • outdoorphotographer.com has established itself as the online source for landscape, nature and wildlife photographers looking for equipment and how-to information. • Our monthly page views have increased by 137% in 2H ’08. • We expect continued double-digit growth in website traffic in 2009. pcphotomag.com PCPhoto focuses exclusively on the world of digital photography and video as it relates to the enthusiast. Its website, pcphotomag.com, offers online articles with expanded tutorials and illustrations that provide digital-imaging enthusiasts with the tools and instruction necessary to perfect their digital photography skills. • Since the site relaunch in February ’08, pcphotomag.com has grown tremendously. Page views in January ’06 were 135,489; in January ’08, they were 454,894—an increase of 336%. • Our monthly page views have increased by 76% in 2H ’08. We expect continued double-digit growth in website traffic in 2009. • Our weekly “Tip of the Week” e-mails have been very successful in driving traffic to the website. The database is growing daily. digitalphotopro.com Digital Photo Pro provides the essential blend of artistic inspiration and digital technology information for professional and advanced photographers. Our website, digitalphotopro.com, is a direct extension of digital workflow technique and technology, and is the online guide to advanced creativity and technology, as well as the complete source covering professional and advanced photographers’ equipment needs. • digitalphotopro.com was relaunched in July ’08 and has established itself as the leading authority of information and inspiration for working professional photographers. • Page views were 10,449 in January ’06; in January ’08, they jumped to 185,586—an increase of 1,778%. • Our monthly page views have increased by 130% in 2H ’08. We expect continued double-digit growth in website traffic in 2009. • digitalphotopro.com offers a unique combination of beautiful images and practical information. There’s nothing else like it. Werner Publishing Corporation • 12121 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 1200, Los Angeles, CA 90025 Phone: (310) 820-1500 • Fax: (310) 826-5008 43 Exhibit 16 - Distribution Flow Chart 44 Exhibit 17 - UPS Supply Chain Solutions UPS Supply Chain Solutions SM Nikon Focuses on Supply Chain Innovation — and Makes New Product Distribution a Snap Top consumer goods manufacturers now recognize that success requires more than just making market-leading products. Having the right distribution network is just as critical. Nikon Inc. is the world’s leader in precision optics, 35mm and digital imaging technology. So it’s no surprise that when the company saw the next big trend in photographic technology — digital cameras — they were ready to deliver with some of the most advanced product designs in the marketplace. But to ensure that retailers could meet the demand of tech-hungry consumers and professional photographers, Nikon, with the help of UPS Supply Chain Solutions, reengineered its distribution network to keep them well supplied. case study Nikon Consumer Goods GEOGRAPHIC AREA SERVED United States, Latin America and the Caribbean CHALLENGE Design and implement new distribution strategy to introduce Nikon product line. Client Challenge To support the launch of its new digital cameras, Nikon knew that customer service capabilities needed to be completely up to speed from the start and that distributors and retailers would require up-to-the-minute information about product availability. While the company had previously handled new product distribution in-house, this time Nikon realized that burdening its existing infrastructure with a new, demanding, high-profile product line could impact customer service performance adversely. “In our business, it’s not enough just to produce leading-edge products,” said Arnold Kamen, Nikon’s Vice President of Operations and Customer Service. “Having the ability — and visibility — to predict how much merchandise is available and when it can be distributed makes the difference in staying ahead of customers’ needs.” For Nikon, that meant applying its well-known talent for innovation to creating an entirely new distribution strategy and taking the rare step of outsourcing distribution of an entire consumer electronics product line. With UPS Supply Chain Solutions on board, Nikon was able to quickly execute a synchronized supply chain strategy that moves product to retail stores throughout the United States, Latin America and the Caribbean, and allows Nikon to stay focused on the business of developing and marketing precision optics. SOLUTION Integrated system for managing inbound air and ocean freight, repackaging and kitting products for final distribution. R E S U LT S • Significantly shortened Nikon’s supply chain • Increased speed to market • Enabled higher level of service to retailers • Improved product visibility across the supply chain 45 Exhibit 17 - UPS Supply Chain Solutions “Having the ability— Our Solution Starting at Nikon’s manufacturing centers in Korea, Japan and Indonesia, UPS Supply Chain Solutions manages air and ocean freight and related customs brokerage. Nikon’s freight is directed to Louisville, Kentucky, which not only serves as the all-points connection for UPS’s global operations, but also is home to the UPS Supply Chain Solutions Logistics Center main campus. Here, merchandise can either be “kitted” with accessories such as batteries and chargers, or repackaged to in-store display specifications. Finally, the packages are distributed to literally thousands of retailers across the U.S., or shipped for export to Latin American or Caribbean retail outlets and distributors, using any of UPS’s worldwide transportation services to provide the final delivery. With the UPS Supply Chain Solutions system in place, the process calibrates the movement of goods and information by providing SKU-level visibility within complex distribution and IT systems. UPS also provides Nikon advance shipment notifications throughout the U.S., Caribbean and Latin American markets. The result: a “snap shot” of the supply chain that rivals the performance of a Nikon camera. and visibility—to predict how much merchandise is available and when it can be distributed makes the difference in staying ahead of customers’ needs.” —Arnold Kamen, Vice President of Operations and Customer Service, Nikon Inc. Nikon has already seen the results of its innovation in both digital technology and product distribution. The consumer digital camera sector is one of Nikon’s fastest growing product lines. In addition, supply chain performance and customer service are measurably improved. Products leaving Nikon manufacturing facilities in Asia can now be on a retailer’s shelf in as few as two days. While products are en route, Nikon also has the ability to keep retailers informed of delivery times and to adjust them as needed, so that no retailer needs to miss sales opportunities due to lack of product availability. UPS Supply Chain Solutions is forging a broad spectrum of creative solutions to support the Nikon supply chain, including logistics, transportation, freight and customs brokerage services. Synchronizing those pieces to work together gives Nikon a significant advantage in leveraging the competitive strengths of UPS Supply Chain Solutions. “Through a combination of UPS services, we have been able to greatly shorten our supply chain,” Kamen said. “Although we are achieving greater speeds, we have better visibility of our products, which enables us to provide a higher level of service to retailers and ultimately, the final customer.” Once again, Nikon leads the market in leveraging the latest developments in technology. For more information please contact us 1.800.742.5727 U.S. 1.678.746.4365 International info@ups-scs.com Visit us at ups-scs.com © Copyright 2005 United Parcel Service of America, Inc. UPS, the UPS brandmark, and the color brown are trademarks of United Parcel Service of America, Inc. All rights reserved. 10% Post-consumer goods CS.SCS.CG.503 10/05 E UPS Supply Chain SolutionsSM 46