The science of volcanoes
from subsurface to impact
Charlotte Vye-Brown,
Sue Loughlin and David Kerridge
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BGS volcano science
for planning, preparation and effective response to
volcanic eruptions
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Ground to space monitoring
Integration of data
Advice on modelling
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Strategic research
Hazard and risk tools
Forensic analysis best practise
Source: http://www.volcano.si.edu/world/
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Volcano science stakeholders
Lava – sediment
interactions and
application for
industry
NRR effusive volcanic
eruption scenario – Laki
1783-4
© C Vye-Brown
Current activity
in the Afar
(Ethiopia) – an
Iceland Analogue
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© NERC
© NERC
Source: IMO
Crampin, 2012, pers. comm.
Source: IMO
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Ground-based observations
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Seismic activity
GPS
Tilt
Strain
Space-based observations
Gas
Camera
• Ash tracking
Lidar
• SO2 tracking
• Thermal images
• InSAR – deformation
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© NERC
Models
Petrogenetic
Magmatic plumbing
Grain flows
Plume dynamics
Ash dispersion
Ash deposition
The Eyjafjallajökull eruption
Source….
… pathway ...
Source: NASA
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… receiver
Risk management cycle
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Scientific advice to inform emergency
decision-making
Decision effective
Decisions
Too late!
The challenge is to make the blue line
intersect as many of the green sections as
possible
Quality of
scientific
advice
needed
Quality of scientific
advice available
Time source
activity detected
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Time of
‘release’
Time of
impact
Natural Hazards
Partnership
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Laki (Iceland) 1783-4
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Effusive volcanic eruption scenario
Assessment of eruption character
and emissions during the 8 monthlong eruption
Recommendations for research
needs and planning for likely volatile
and aerosol emissions and impact
on the UK
Source: http://acatte.perso.neuf.fr
© NERC All rights reserved
Volcano science at BGS
Emergency Response,
National Risk Register
and planning
Forecasting, hazards and risk
assessments
Conceptual models, process understanding
Data acquisition, integration and analysis
Real-time monitoring and long-term data collection
© NERC All rights reserved
Source: www.Isnare.com