Customer satisfaction & market share: how and when they are related Spiros Gounaris, University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom Introduction market share, the research revealed that brand Market share and customer satisfaction have long choice was a key influencing factor. This supports been used as key performance indicators, not only earlier suggestions that satisfying a customers’ in relation to marketing but also in broader eco- needs will not necessarily result in higher market nomic and management contexts. Over the years share unless there was homogenous demand for there has been a widespread assumption of a the product (Gounaris et al. 2001). Marketing positive relationship between the two - customer larger brand portfolios could therefore have a satisfaction drives repurchases and word of mouth positive impact on future customer satisfaction positively influences a company’s market share. and offer a potential strategic solution to address However, this assumption the customer satisfaction- has never been examined in market share relationship. detail until now. Two studies about cus- A recent study by Rego, tomer satisfaction and Morgan & Farnell (2013) has market share were looked at the customer satis- undertaken 12 years apart faction-market rela- and in different countries, tionship over a longer period but shed light for today’s of time than has been possi- marketers on the link ble previously. By research- between customer satis- ing a sample of consumer faction and market share. markets in share the US, the study actually demonstrated a negative customer satisfactionmarket share relationship. It also revealed that Study 1: “Market Share and Customer Satisfaction: What Is the Missing Link?” when customer switching costs are low, it is possible to use customer satisfaction to predict future market share when benchmarked against This paper investigated the relationship between the nearest rival. customer satisfaction and market share in Greece to explore the possibility of developing a In examining why there was a negative relationship between customer satisfaction and Customer Satisfaction Index there. The consumer goods sector was selected as the them as well as the negative relationship that basis of this study, namely bottled mineral water previous analyses had suggested. (an industry with high homogeneity of demand) The data from this study came from The National and “oyzo” (a traditional Greek aperitif with high Quality Research Center at the University of heterogeneity of demand). Consumers were Michigan's Ross School of Business, which contacted randomly and 300 responses were consisted of American Customer Satisfaction collected. Index data for approximately 200 companies from Analysis of the results showed that in the 1994-2006. homogeneous market of bottled mineral water, the market leader enjoyed significantly Analysis revealed that, when compared with a higher nearest rival, current customer satisfaction was customer satisfaction levels. By contrast, when positively associated with future market share the data from the heterogeneous market was whilst current market share was negatively considered, the relationship between market share associated with future customer satisfaction. and customer satisfaction was uncertain. This was because more or less the same levels of overall What is more, the higher the customer switching satisfaction were reported regardless of position in cost, the weaker the positive effect of customer the market. Further analysis also revealed that the satisfaction on future market share. This means market leader didn’t always enjoy the highest that heterogeneity in a firm's customer base customer satisfaction levels and, as the level of mediates customer satisfaction decreased, so did the current manufacturer’s market share. satisfaction. In turn, the number of brands the negative market share relationship and future between customer marketed by a firm is mediated by preference In other words, users of the leading brand are not heterogeneity in the market share-future customer necessarily satisfied either with the product itself satisfaction relationship. or any other element of the company’s marketing mix. For example, in this case the brand ranking 4th for market share enjoyed higher levels of Application today customer satisfaction. Despite the economic and cultural differences between the US and Greece, these studies have Study 2: “Re-examining the Market Share Customer Satisfaction Relationship” produced a very similar picture of how customer satisfaction relates to market share. This study investigated the relationship between The link between the two is strong provided there market share and customer satisfaction but over a is homogeneity in the nature of the demand and period of time. The aim was to establish the the consumers’ preferences for a given industry. effects of time on both, whilst seeking to The modern day marketing manager therefore understand the nature of the relationship between needs to evaluate the nature of demand for the 2 customers they target in satisfaction and maintain a valuable proposition. more Alongside this, it is essential to carry out market disparate their tastes and preferences the lower the research to monitor rivals and evaluate the impact of customer satisfaction on the company’s customer’s perception of switching costs as well market share. what drives buying behaviour and repatronage. Managers facing increased levels of heterogeneity In most cases, the benefit of investing in in their customer’s tastes and preferences need to systematic research will outweigh the cost and investigate just what their customers draw value become invaluable in steering a company’s efforts from. Only then can they rebalance customer to improve customer satisfaction. improving customer before investing satisfaction. The Professor Spiros Gounaris Marketing Professor at the University of Strathclyde, United Kingdom The full references for this study: Gounaris S., Avlonitis G., Kouremenos A., Papavasiliou N. and Papastathopoulou P. (2002), “Market Share and Customer Satisfaction: What Is the Missing Link?”, Journal of Euromarketing, Vol. 10 No4, pp. 61-81 Rego L.L., Morgan N.A., & Fornell C. (2013) “Reexamining the Market Share - Customer Satisfaction Relationship” Journal of Marketing, Vol. 77 No4, pp. 1-20 Copyright (c) 2013 Article produced by the Academic Group of the European Marketing Confederation (EMC). All rights reserved Editor; Hannah McGivern Images from Shutterstock.com Central Image Copyright; Vladgrin