WELL LOG ANALYSIS IN PETROLEUM EXPLORATION AAPG UGM SC Jogjakarta, 4 Oktober 2014 Pambudi Suseno, ST PT. Pertamina EP ASSET 5 Data Diri Married (1 istri, 2 anak laki laki semua) 0813-4775-8429 Pambudi.suseno@pertamina.com Perum. The Paradise Cluster Rosemary No. B12 Sendangadi Mlati Sleman Jogja (Jalan Palagan km.6.5) Riwayat Kerja 2007 – 2008 2008 – 2012 2012– 2014 : Mud Logger Elnusa : Operation Geologist PT. Pertamina EP : Geologist PT. Pertamina EP Spesialisasi - Geomodeling in deltaic system Tulisan - Optimalisasi Perhitungan Gas Ratio Sebagai Identifikasi Awal Penentuan Zona Prospek Minyak Pada Operasi Pemboran“studi Kasus Sumur B-154, Lapangan Bunyu” - Evaluasi Pemasangan Casing 9.625 inch Pada Area Build dan Area Drop Pada Operasi Pemboran - Hydrocarbon Fluid Characterization Based on Chromatographic Gas Data Analysis Using Gas Ratio Methods On Bunyu Nibung Structure Bunyu Field North Kalimantan - Evolution Of Vertical And Lateral Reservoar Connectivity Of Sand-rich Deltaic Deposit In 4th Order Genetic Sequences model in Sembakung Area Of Tabul Formation, Tarakan Basin - Insight From Modern Delta, Cores, Outcropes and Statistic to Subsurface Interpretation, Getting the Farthermost Data to be Implemented for Development Strategy of Field with Deltaic architecture Complex OUT OF THE BOX THINK & DO …… PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1 BASIC OPEN HOLE LOG INTERPRETATION OVERVIEW 2 SHARING - SHARING 3 WORKSHOP PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1 BASIC OPEN HOLE LOG INTERPRETATION OVERVIEW 2 SHARING - SHARING 3 WORKSHOP Wireline Logging Logging Unit Conductor Wireline Looging Tool Wireline Logging Operation Operasi Well Logging BOREHOLE ENVIRONMENT : Borehole Diameter Borehole Diameter Caliper log CALIPER LOGS - Applications: • Measure borehole diameter (borehole geometry if multi-arm caliper tools with 2 or 3 hole diameters measurements 90° or 60° relative to each other). • Important measurement for drillers: hole geometry, hole/cement volume. • Hole diameters are an import input parameter for the environmental correction of petrophysical logs. • Oriented multi-arm caliper logs are used to identify principle stress directions - “breakout log” - Basic Quality Control: Perform casing check - should read nominal casing ID. CALI, C1, C2 Washout: Shale zone? Mudcake: Permable zone? Invasion Model Formasi (Lateral) Open Hole (Mud) Mud Cake Invaded Zone : Rxo, Rmf, Sxo Uninvaded Zone : RT, Rw, Sw Standard Logging String (Triple Combo) Formation Gamma Ray Neutron Porosity Density (Porosity) Caliper (hole size) Pad Resistivity (good v.resolution) Resistivity (good depth investigation) Spontaneous Potential Mud Resistivity HGNS GR 24 in. Highly Integrated Gamma Ray Neutron Sonde N 24 in. TOOLS & EQUIPMENT FOR DATA ACQUISITION Electronics cartridge HRMS High-Resolution Mechanical Sonde b, Pe 16 in., 8 in., 2 in. Rxo, hmc 2 in. Array Induction Imager Tool High-Resolution Azimuthal Laterlog Sonde HALS Rt 12 in. Conveyance Open Hole Measurements : • Wireline Logging. • LWD (Logging While Drilling) • Logging on Drill Pipe (TLC) • Tractor Standard Logs • Spontaneous Potential • Gamma Ray • Caliper • Resistivity (Induction / Laterolog) • Density • Neutron Porosity • Akustik / Sonic Spontaneous Potential (SP) • Rekaman perbedaan potensial listrik antara elektroda di permukaan yang tetap dengan elektroda di dalam lubang bor yang bergerak naik-turun • Pada lapisan impermeable, tidak ada aliran arus listrik SP Konstan • Pada lapisan permeable terjadi defleksi Negatif (jika Rmf >Rw) atau Positif (jika Rmf < Rw) Shale Base Line Shale Base Line Examples of SP deflection from shale base line SSP Thick Clean Wet Sand Rmf = Rw SP Rmf > Rw Rmf >> Rw Rmf < Rw Thin Sand PSP Thick Shaly Wet Sand SP Thick Clean Gas Sand PSP SSP (Static SP) is the maximum deflection PSP (Pseudo SP) is SP response if shale is present Thick Shaly Gas Sand Rw from SSP SSP = −K log (Rmfe/Rwe) • Static SP (SSP) can be obtained directly from the SP curve if the bed is clean, thick, porous, permeable, and only moderately invaded. When these conditions are not met, the recorded SP will need to be corrected. Various correction charts are available for this purpose. To convert the measured mud filtrate resistivity Rmf into an equivalent mud filtrate resistivity Rmfe, the following rules are employed: • If Rmf at 75 °F is greater than 0.1 Ω·m, use Rmfe = 0.85 Rmf at formation temperature. • If Rmf at 75 °F is less than 0.1 Ω·m, derive Rmfe from Rmf using Schlumberger Chart SP-2 or equivalent. Schlumberger Chart SP-2 can then be used to convert Rwe to obtain Rw. Gamma Ray (GR) • Rekaman tigkat radioaktivitas alami yang terjadi karena 3 unsur: uranium (U), thorium (Th) dan potassium (K) pada batuan • Mineral lempung mempunyai radioaktivitas tinggi (>100°API) • Batupasir dan karbonat mempunyai radioaktivitas rendah (10 – 20 °API) Total GR measurement Bed definition: • The tool reacts if the shale is radioactive (usually the case), hence show the sands and shales, the permeable zones and the non-permeable zones. Used for inter-well correlation similar to SP. • Also used for correlation between logging runs, especially cased and open hole logs Computation of the amount of shale: • The minimum value gives the clean (100%) shale free zone, the maximum 100% shale zone. All other points can then be calibrated in the amount of shale. • Vsh=(GRlog-GRsand)/(GRshale-GRsand) GR clean GR shale GR log example Which has better vertical resolution, SP or GR? Resistivity • Induction dan Laterolog • Deep Resistivity mengukur resistivity uninvaded zone • Shallow resistivity mengukur resistivity transition zone • Mikro resistivity mengukur resistivity invaded zone Logarithmic Resistivity Scale 0.2 2.0 1.0 20 10 Density • Mengukur bulk density dari formasi • Digunakan untuk : • menghitung porositas (bersama dengan log neutron) • mendeteksi zona gas • Menghitung densitas hidrokarbon • evaluasi shaly sand reservoir dan complex lithologies • mendeteksi mineral evaporite Porosity : Density Density () = Wt / Vol Porosity : Density Density () = Vm(m) + Vf(f) b = 1- Ø(m) + Ø(f) Ø = (m- b ) / (m- f) Neutron Porosity • Mengukur konsentrasi ion hidrogen dalam formasi • Karena ion hidrogen terkonsentrasi pada fluida pengisi pori, maka pengukuran Log Neutron ~ porositas formasi • Gas effect : • Kandungan gas mengakibatkan pengukuran density rendah • Konsentrasi hidrogen dalam gas rendah membuat pengukuran log neutron rendah Terjadi separasi Density-Neutron Porosity : Neutron Neutrons are highly affected by hydrogen. Oil and water are both rich in H compared to rocks If we could estimate the amount of hydrogen in a rock, and knew how much H was in the water or oil (H index) we could compute porosity. Problem is neutrons are also affected by lithology %H Porosity : Neutron Neutrons are sensitive to total hydrogen in the formation. Since most of the hydrogen is in the pore space, the neutron tool is sensitive to porosity. It is also sensitive to lithology, and thermal neutron absorbers such as chlorine. The calibrated ratio of neutrons detected by the near and far detectors is proportional to porosity. The raw output of a CNT tool is the ratio of count rates detected by the far and near detector. This is converted to porosity using one of 3 algorithms, lime, sand or dolo. The porosity is called NPHI or TNPH The parameter MATR in the dlis file indicates which algorithm has been used. The standard is to process with MATR=LIME. Compatible scales Neutron Porosity • • • The density tool is usually run with the neutron To aid quicklook interpretation they are run on “compatible scales” This means that the scales are set such that for a given water bearing lithology the curves overlay Density on Limestone scale, neutron must be processed in LS matrix Density on Sandstone scale, neutron must be processed in SS matrix Photoelectric effect, Pe Low energy GRs are absorbed by the formation in a process called photoelectric absorption. The efficiency of this process is related to the atomic number of the material the GRs are in. We can measure this effect and estimate the lithology from the PEF. Photoelectric factor, Pe LogAn-35 Porosity : N-D Gas Effect on Neutron Log Porosity : N-D Cross Plot Approximation x d n 2 x 2 d 2 n 2 Sand + Calcite cement + Shale + gas + shallow invasion How accurate is the porosity? Remember it is raised to the power of m in the Archie equation Matrix dependent porosity Density – Neutron crossover Typical neutron density responses Vshale n d Vsh shale In this form it only works when the log is processed assuming the correct matrix, and no gas is present. Effective porosity - PhiE Porosity associated with the shale in a formation is none permeable, so not considered “effective”. Effective porosity PhiE is the porosity associated with the clean part of the formation only. e t Vcl WCP WCP = Wet Clay Porosity PhiE PhiT Dry Sand Dry Shale Vcl Sonic • Mengestimasi porositas formasi • Identifikasi loitologi • Interval velocity untuk korelasi dg seismik • Determinasi porositas sekunder (digabung dengan density/neutron) Sonic Porosity • • • • The porosity from the sonic slowness is different than that from the density or neutron tools It reacts to primary porosity only, I.e. it doesn’t “see” the fracture or vugs The difference between the sonic porosity and the neutron-density porosity gives a Secondary Porosity Index (SPI) which is an indication of how much of this type of porosity there is in the formation The basic equation for sonic porosity is the Wyllie Time Avearge: tlog t f 1 t ma t log t ma t f t ma Sonic Porosity • • The Wyllie Time Average equation is very simple with the inputs of a matrix slowness and a fluid slowness There is another possibility for transforming slowness to porosity, called Raymer Hunt Gardner, this formula tries to take into account some irregularities seen in the field. The basic euqation is: 1 (1 ) 2 t t ma t fl • A simplified version used on the Maxis is: (C is a constant, usually taken as 0.67 ) C t log t ma t log Sonic Example Sidewall Core (SWC) • Mengambil sample batuan dari dalam lubang bor untuk dideskripsi dan dianalisa di Lab. Formation Tester • Determinasi tekanan formasi • Estimasi permeabilitas secara kuantitatif • Mengambil sample fluida formasi untuk dianalisa • Penentuan gas/oil/water contact berdasarkan analisa gradien tekanan • Melihat kontinuitas vertikal formasi Advanced Tools • Formation Micro Imager (FMI / FMS / EMI / STAR) • Dipole Shear Sonic Imager (DSI / X-MAC) • Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (CMR / MRIL) • Elemental Capture Spectroscopy (ECS) • DLL Interpretasi Log memberi informasi : • Litologi • Ketebalan reservoir • Porositas • Permeabilitas • Saturasi Air • Jenis fluida • Fluid contacts • Ukuran lubang sumur • dll Petrophysical Workflow Petrophysical Workflow Metoda Log Analysis : 1. Quick Look Evaluation 2. Detail Evaluation (deterministik) 3. Advanced Evaluation (Statistik) LogAn-54 INTERPRETASI LITOLOGI : Density Neutron Por GR SP 0 -80 150 120 1.7 0.6 2.7 0 Shale Coal Shale Permeable Fine Sandstone Coarse Sst Berdasarkan Log : • • • • Gamma Ray Density Neutron Sonic Shale Limestone Non Permeable GR SP N Shale b LogAn-55 TVS – 09/04 INTERPRETASI KUALITATIF RESERVOIR : Density Neutron Por GR SP 0 -80 150 120 1.7 0.6 2.7 0 Resistivity 0.2 2000 Permeable Coal • • • • • Gamma Ray --- Rendah Density --- Rendah Neutron --- Porous Sonik --- Lambat SP --- Ada defleksi (permeable) Hydrocarbon Interpretasi Fluida Hydrocarbon GR SP Non Permeable Batuan Reservoir : N b Water RT Berdasarkan Log Resistivity : • RT sangat tinggi = gas • RT tinggi = minyak • RT rendah = Air LogAn-56 TVS – 09/04 LogAn-57 TVS – 09/04 Lithology Denstity (g/cc) Average Pe Sandstone 2.65 1.8 Limestone 2.71 4.8 Dolomite 2.876 3.0 Anhydrite 2.977 5.05 Salt 2.032 4.6 LogAn-58 Sw Calculation Parameters: • Porosity • Rw • a • m • n LogAn-59 Archie Equation Sw n a Rw m Rt LogAn-60 Perhitungan Porositas Dari Sonic / Acoustic Log : • WYLIE formula PHIS = (t-tMA)/(tF-tMA) * 1.0/Cp dimana : t = Sonic transit time Cp = Compaction factor • RAYMER HUNT GARDNER formula: PHIS = (1.0 - tMA) / t * 0.69/Cp (Cp should be set to 1.0 for standard RHG formula) TVS – 09/04 LogAn-61 Penetuan Porositas Batuan 1. PENGUKURAN LANGSUNG (Analisa Lab) : • • Conventional Core Side Wall Core : 1. 2. Conventional SWC Rotary SWC 2. PENGUKURAN TAK LANGSUNG / PENDEKATAN : • • • • NEUTRON LOG DENSITY LOG SONIC / ACOUSTIC LOG NUCLEAR MAGNETIC RESONANCE LOG TVS – 09/04 LogAn-62 Penentuan Porositas dari Log 1. Neutron 2. Density 3. Kombinasi D & N Ø: ma - b ma - f Ø: ØD + ØN 2 Ø: 7Ø D + 2Ø N 9 4. NMR (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance) (Water & Oil zones) (Gas zone) METODA PENENTUAN Rw : 1. 2. Rw dari katalog (data sumur acuan) Rasio Rw : Rw : Rt x Ø 3. Rwa 4. 5. Rw dari SP ( SSP = -K log (Rmf / Rw) ) Picket Plot (x-plot antara log PHI vs log RT) TVS – 09/04 m Rmf @ TF Rxo @ CWBZ . Rt a LogAn-64 Rw from SSP Under certain circumstances Rw can be estimated from SP. • The SP value remains constant for at least 30 feet. • The area where the SP is constant must correspond to a very clean sandstone. • The value of Rmf must remain constant across this same interval. These conditions are rare, and large errors in the Rw estimate may occur. Use this technique with care! Rmfeq SSP K c log Rweq Rweq Rmfeq 10 SSP kc K c 61 0.133T F K c 65 0.24TC R weq , R mfeq : Chart _ SP.2 LogAn-65 Rw from SSP SSP = −K log (Rmfe/Rwe) • Static SP (SSP) can be obtained directly from the SP curve if the bed is clean, thick, porous, permeable, and only moderately invaded. When these conditions are not met, the recorded SP will need to be corrected. Various correction charts are available for this purpose. To convert the measured mud filtrate resistivity Rmf into an equivalent mud filtrate resistivity Rmfe, the following rules are employed: • If Rmf at 75 °F is greater than 0.1 Ω·m, use Rmfe = 0.85 Rmf at formation temperature. • If Rmf at 75 °F is less than 0.1 Ω·m, derive Rmfe from Rmf using Schlumberger Chart SP-2 or equivalent. Schlumberger Chart SP-2 can then be used to convert Rwe to obtain Rw. Oct-14 LogAn-66 Variation of M Value FRACTURE POROSITY A. Sw = 1.0 VUGGY POROSITY Cb = m C f M 1.0 C. Sw = 1.0 INTERGRANULAR OR INTERCRYSTALLINE POROSITY Cb = m C f Sw = 1.0 B. Cb = m C f M 2.0 M > 2.0 PATH OF CURRENT FLOW LogAn-67 Water Saturation : Archie equation - variations •Nigeria Equation 2 e 2 1 V Sw Rt Rcl Rw Vcl 1 2 cl •Indonesia Equation 1 Sw 2 BQvSw * Rt F Rw F* •Waxman-Smits Equation •Dual Water Equation 2 e n 1 Vcl 1.4 Sw Rt R aRw cl m 2 Ct tmSwtn Swb Ct Cwb Cw a Swt LogAn-68 Jenis Korelasi • Korelasi Struktural – Datum: MSL – Mengikuti konfigurasi struktural – Dikaitkan dengan pengikatan seismik • Korelasi Stratigrafis – Datum: marker stratigrafis (coal, ravinement surfaces, paleosoil, etc.) – Melihat distribusi batuan pada saat diendapkan Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Depth Types • Hubungan antara MD, TVD, and TVDSS.... 2-12 Jenis Borehole • Vertikal • Directional / berarah (intended & unintended) – Low Angle – High Angle • Horizontal Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Borehole Survey • Akuisisi: – TOTCO (single inclination) • Gyro • Multishot (terpengaruh oleh medan magnet) – Geosteering (per joint) – Dipmeter measurement • Representasi: – Position Log (X, Y, Z) – Directional (MD, Inclination, Deviation) Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Impact Jenis Borehole • Dikenal istilah “Isochore” yang mengukur ketebalan suatu lapisan: – TVDT (true vertical depth thickness) – MDT (measured depth thickness) – TVT (true vertical thickness) – TST (true stratigraphic thickness) – Other 10-59 Resolusi Vertikal • • • • • • Seismic: 20 – 60 m Log-log lama (analog): 0.5 – 1 m Log-log baru (digital): 0.1 – 0.5 m Micro Devices: 0.2 cm ( 2 mm) Conventional Core: Resolusi Visual Petrografi: 0.1 mm Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Model Geologi Sebelum korelasi: • Pahami model geologi daerah kajian • Pakai bantuan seismic untuk melihat cakupan lateral • Lihat data sumur untuk resolusi vertikal Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Skala Korelasi • Regional: Marker Paleontologi, Chronostratigrahy, Sequence Stratigraphy • Field: Lithostratigrafi, Sequence Stratigraphy • Reservoir: Flow Unit (fungsi porositas, keserpihan, permeabilitas relatif dan jenis fluida) Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Lintasan & Proyeksi Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Boundary Deffinition of Exxon Sequence Boundaries (Unconformities) Compared with the Galloway Genetic Stratigraphic Sequence Boundaries (Maximum Flooding Surfaces, Max FS) Transgressive lag on unconformity SE HST EXXON RT TST SL-2 IT WB 3 WB 2 B A SL-1 5-15 m WB-1 RT - Resumed Transgression IT - Initial Transgression Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. SL - Seal Level WB - Wave base SE - Subaerial Erosion Repeated Picks • Pada Thrust Fault • Pada horizontal well 6-83 Missing Pick (?) • Tergantung pada posisi sumur ataupun besarnya lateral displacement, pada normal fault suatu marker bisa hilang atau tetap ada Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Log Motif • Korelasi mempergunakan bantuan POLA atau MOTIF dari log listrik. • Umumnya mempergunakan pair GR – Deep Resistivity • Bersifat fleksibel • Satu motif log bisa terjadi / terbentuk pada beberapa jenis lingkungan pengendapan. • Selalu bandingkan hasilnya dengan melihat motif loglog lainnya, terutama jika ada indikasi “hot sand” atau “hot carbonate” Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Where are you ? Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Teknik Korelasi • Umumnya dilakukan dengan membandingkan motif dari suatu/beberapa kurva disuatu sumur ke kurva padanan di sumur disekitarnya. Teknik ini memerlukan pemahaman kondisi geologi yang dihadapi. • Ada yang mencoba melihat “waveform” dari motif kurva dan kemudian membandingkan secara statistik ke sumur-sumur disekitarnya (“neural network”). Teknik ini sering menimbulkan mis-leading dengan konsep geologi yang ada. Perlu data sumur kontrol yang banyak untuk melihat konsistensinya dengan model geologi 6-85 Parasequence Beach environment on a sandy, wave or fluvial dominated shoreline Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Parasequence Beach environment on a sandy, wave or fluvial dominated shoreline Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Parasequence Beach environment on a sandy, wave or fluvial dominated shoreline Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Parasequence Tidal flat to subtidal environment on a muddy, tide dominated shoreline Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Parasequence Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. LOW STAND SYSTEMS TRACT - BASIN FLOOR FAN SP or GR UPPER BOUNDARY • SF • CONDENSED SECTION (tbfs) •INTERVAL Amalgamated Turbidite Sands Winnowed Sands or BF Contourite Sands (SB) HST/TST Hemipelagic Shale Hemipelagic shale or channel / overbank apron facies above boundary Sharp boundary with minimal transition •Turbidite sands • Amalgamated massive turbidite sands • Unamalgamated massive turbidite sands, • with shale breaks • Minor erosional surfaces within sand • Commonly a major erosional surface at top of fan • May be remnant fan mounds • Redeposited massive shingled sands bordering fan mounds •Contourite sands • Redeposited massive sands in separate mounds SEQUENCE BOUNDARY Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. •Massive sand above hemipelagic shale (railroad track shale) •Sharp boundary •No erosion at base except sometimes at proximal portion of fan Vail and Wornard, 1990 LOW STAND SYSTEMS TRACT - SLOPE FAN UPPER BOUNDARY SP or GR • S.P. or G.R. • • LPW CS AF ICES ICES CHANNEL/ OVERBANK UNIT 2 ICES ICES MULTISTORY SANDS CHANNEL FILL INTERVAL • • BCES SF • • • AL A AF OB CHANNEL/ OVERBANK UNIT 1 AL AL CF Crescent shape to individual channel / overbank units Within channel / overbank units, sands thicken, then thin upward 1-10 channel / overbank units within each slope fan Proximal facies may be highly sand-prone near source Channel fill facies may be : • Massive turbidite sands • Massive turbidite sands fining upward with sharp bases • Mudstone-fine grained turbidites LOWER BOUNDARY BF • S.B. LEGEND AF - Abandonment Facies CF - Channel Fill OB - Overbank AL - Attached Lobes - Apron Confidential. LandmarkA ©2004 All Rights Reserved. Downward shift from hemipelagic shale to laminated fine grained turbidites Fining upward digitated log character below boundary Faunal abundance peak ICES - Interval Channel Erosional Surface BCES - Basal Channel Erosional Surface • • Hemipelagic shale with faunal abundance peak commonly at base of slope fan Lies on Sequence Boundary or on Low Stand Systems Track Basin Floor Fan Boundary commonly conformable in basin and erosional on slope Vail and Wornard, 1990 LOW STAND SYSTEMS TRACTPROGRADING COMPLEX TRANSGRESSIVE SURFACE SPS.P.or or G.R.GR Transition from upward shallowing to upward deepening Toplap common below boundary Transgressive surface of erosion (ravinement surface) on the shelf HST TST INTERVAL Thick intervals of coarsening upward sands common near top Shoreface and deltaic sands typical Progrades laterally into bathval hemipelagic shale Pinches out near offlap break of underlying highstand May contain shingled turbidite mounds at base pc LST CS LOWER BOUNDARY st Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Condensed Section Maximum clay-shale point Faunal abudance peak Downlap common above boundary Vail and Wornard, 1990 TRANSGRESSIVE SYSTEMS TRACK MAXIMUM FLOODING SURFACE SP or GR HST Commonly lowest resistivity-highest gamma Most clay rich shale (most starved) Faunal abundance peak Apparent truncation common below boundary Downlap common above boundary INTERVAL TST HST Individual parasequences prograde, fine and thin upward (backstep) Beach and shoreface sands common near base Basinal equivalent is thin hemipelagic shale Correlation is good, but backstepping transgressive surface of erosion are time-transgresive Sands often better sorted than HST Authigenic minerals common SEQUENCE BOUNDARY Onlaps sequence boundary Commonly Transgressive surface of erosion (ravinement surface) over LST, IVF or older shelf sediments near shelf edge Nonmarine sediments (coastal plain, coal or lake sediments) onlap sequence boundary in more landward areas Transgressive surface at base of TST Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Vail and Wornard, 1990 HIGH STAND SYSTEMS TRACT SP or GR SEQUENCE BOUNDARY Onlap above boundary Lowstand erosion on shelf Incised valleys on shelf Canyon cuts and slump scars on upper slope Truncation or toplap below boundary Fluvial (meandering streams, alluvial fans) below boundary in more landward areas TST INTERVAL Coarsening and shallowing upward sand and silt interbedded Shoreface & deltaic sands near top Progrades laterally into offshore shales Basinal equivalent is hemipelagic shales Log correlation is difficult in upper part Reservoir continuity is fair to poor HST CS MAXIMUM FLOODING SURFACE TST Landmark ©2004 Confidential. All Rights Reserved. Commonly lowest resistivity-highest gamma Most clay rich shale (most starved) Faunal abudance peak Downlap common above boundary Apparent truncation common below boundary Vail and Wornard, 1990 PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1 BASIC OPEN HOLE LOG INTERPRETATION OVERVIEW 2 SHARING - SHARING 3 WORKSHOP FACIES VALIDATION OF SEMBAKUNG AREA SBK-15 (SSTVD) Bentuk Log : Cylindrical / Bell Shape Distributary channel facies Lower Delta Plain Bentuk Log : Funnel Shape Mouth Bar facies Delta Front Electrofacies define core & log data DELTAIC FACIES DOMAIN from ARCHITECTURE OF INDIVIDUAL DELTAIC PARASEQUENCES SEMBAKUNG AREA THIRD ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE GENETIC SEQUENCE FOURTH ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE DELTAIC CYCLE MF_4 INDIVIDUAL DELTAIC PARASEQUENCE MF_4 MF_3 INDIVIDUAL DELTAIC PARASEQUENCE Prodelta Shale MF_2 MF_1 MF_3 Thick shale interval Thick shale interval Prodelta Shale Top View Pie chart of facies distribution VS Sweetness distribution 560500 561000 561500 562000 562500 563000 563500 564000 564500 565000 565500 566000 566500 567000 567500 568000 566000 566500 567000 567500 568000 427000 427000 560000 426500 426500 SBK#PX-A FINAL SBK-3 SBK-12 SBK-59 SBK#PX-A SBK-11 SBK-14 SBK-58 SBK-8 SBK#PY-A 426000 SBK-21 SBK-20 SBK-25 SBK-57 SBK-22 SBK-26 SBK-61 SBK-28 SBK-17 SBK-2 SBK-19 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-10 SBK-9 SBK-16A SBK-1 SBK-15 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-39 SBK#P8-A SBK-18 SBK-41 SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-27 SBK-24 SWSBK-2 SBK-55 SBK-56 SBK#P4-A SBK-5 SBK-6 425000 SBK-53 SBK-54 SWSBK-1 425000 425500 425500 SBK-23 426000 SBK-13 ESBK-2 SBK-52 424500 424500 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-51 SBK-47 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 424000 SBK-43 424000 SBK-29 SBK-42 SBK-35 SBK-45 SBK-49 SBK-4 SBK-37 SBK-36 SBK-48 SBK-33SBK-32 423500 423500 SBK-50 423000 423000 SBK-31 560000 560500 561000 561500 562000 562500 563000 563500 564000 564500 565000 565500 East View West View HISTOGRAM SCALE UP 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 N 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 -2000 -2400 -2400 -2000 -2400 S -1600 -2000 -2800 -3200 -2800 600 800 Facies 1000m 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 5000 0 200 400 600 800 Facies 1000m Dist. Channel Mouth Bar Background 1:16384 1200 1400 1600 1800 2000 2200 2400 2600 2800 3000 3200 3400 3600 3800 4000 4200 4400 4600 4800 -3600 Dist. Channel Mouth Bar Background 1:16384 -3600 -3600 400 -3600 200 -3200 -3200 -3200 0 CHANNEL VARIOGRAM MOUTHBAR VARIOGRAM -2800 -2800 1200 -1600 E -1600 1800 -2000 1600 -2400 1400 -1600 W 563600 564000 428000 427600 427200 426800 426400 428000 427600 426000 426000 425600 425600 425200 425200 424800 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424400 424000 423600 423200 426400 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424000 424000 423600 423200 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 SBK-43 564400 564800 565200 565600 566000 0 200 400 600 800 1000m 423200 SBK-31 563200 SBK-37 423600 562800 SBK-35 424000 566000 424400 565600 424800 565200 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 SBK-50 1000m 1:19531 425200 564800 425600 564400 426000 564000 800 426400 423600 426800 423200 427200 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE (B) 427600 563600 428000 563200 600 423200 562800 SBK-31 400 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 SBK-33 SBK-43 200 SBK-6 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 0 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 423600 566000 424000 565600 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SWSBK-1 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 424400 565200 424800 564800 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-53 SBK-50 1000m 1:19531 SBK-56 425200 564400 425600 564000 426000 563600 800 426400 563200 600 426800 562800 SBK-31 400 423200 1:19531 200 427200 SBK-43 0 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-29 SBK-33 SBK-50 1000m 423200 800 566000 SBK-11 SBK-57 SWSBK-2 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 423600 423600 600 ESBK-1 SBK-6 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 SBK-50 400 SBK-35 SBK-37 565600 SBK-25 SBK-17 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 424000 424000 SBK-43 200 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-55 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-29 SBK-33 565200 SBK-61 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SWSBK-1 424400 424400 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 0 SBK-6 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 SBK-26 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 564800 SBK-3 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 424800 424800 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-33 564400 SBK-14 SBK-28 SWSBK-2 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-25 SBK-23 425200 425200 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SWSBK-1 564000 SBK-20 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-55 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 563600 SBK-61 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 563200 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-17 SBK-2 SBK-40 SWSBK-2 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 SBK-45 SBK-8 SBK-21 425600 425600 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SWSBK-1 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 562800 566000 SBK-58 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-61 SBK-10 SBK-1 565600 SBK-3 SBK-28 SBK-26 SBK-23 565200 427600 SBK-25 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-55 564800 SBK-20 SBK-17 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 564400 428000 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-28 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-53 564000 SBK-14 426000 SBK-11 SBK-57 SWSBK-2 563600 SBK-58 SBK-61 SBK-56 563200 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-58 426000 SBK-25 SBK-26 562800 SBK-20 SBK-17 SBK-23 566000 SBK-14 SBK-20 SBK-55 565600 426400 SBK-58 SBK-8 SBK-21 565200 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-13 SBK-22 564800 426800 SBK-59 SBK-12 564400 427200 564000 427200 427600 563600 427600 427200 563200 428000 426400 426800 562800 426800 566000 426400 565600 428000 565200 427600 564800 427200 564400 426800 564000 426400 563600 428000 563200 SEDIMEN SUPPLY 426800 1:19531 SBK-31 UPWARD TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING OF SEDIMENT LESS NET SAND, LESS CONNECTED 562800 563200 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 566000 562800 563200 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 566000 UPWARD REGRESSIVE STACKING OF SEDIMENT MORE NET SAND, MORE CONNECTED, MORE DEPLETED 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE NET SAND MAP (A) 562800 563200 563600 564000 564400 565600 428000 425600 427600 427200 426800 426400 426000 425600 426000 425200 424800 426000 425600 425200 425200 424800 423600 424400 426800 426400 423200 423200 426400 426000 425600 424800 424800 424400 424000 423600 424000 427600 427200 427600 427200 426800 423200 SBK-48 SBK-43 564400 564800 565200 565600 566000 0 200 400 600 800 1000m 1:19531 SBK-31 UPWARD TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING OF SEDIMENT LESS NET SAND, LESS CONNECTED 562800 563200 423200 UPWARD REGRESSIVE STACKING OF SEDIMENT MORE NET SAND, MORE CONNECTED, MORE DEPLETED 564000 SBK-36 SBK-32 423600 SBK-31 563600 424000 563200 424400 562800 424800 566000 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-50 1000m 1:19531 425200 565600 800 425600 565200 600 423200 564800 400 426000 SBK-43 200 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-33 SBK-48 0 426400 424400 426800 424000 427200 423600 427600 SBK-45 423600 564400 SBK-36 SBK-32 424000 564000 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-6 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 SBK-50 SBK-31 563600 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 424400 563200 424800 562800 425200 565600 425600 565200 SWSBK-1 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-29 SBK-33 1000m 1:19531 426000 564800 800 426400 564400 600 426800 564000 400 427200 563600 SBK-45 SBK-36 SBK-32 423200 563200 SBK-31 200 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 SWSBK-2 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 423600 562800 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SBK-53 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 424000 1:19531 0 ESBK-1 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-50 1000m 423200 800 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-43 SBK-50 600 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-29 SBK-48 423600 SBK-43 400 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SWSBK-1 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 SBK-6 SBK-33 SBK-48 200 427600 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-45 SBK-25 SBK-61 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 424400 SBK-36 SBK-32 ESBK-1 SWSBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 424000 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 424400 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-17 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-29 SBK-33 0 SBK-17 424800 424800 SWSBK-1 SBK-58 SBK-61 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-20 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-13 SBK-22 425200 SWSBK-2 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 566000 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-25 425600 425200 SBK-45 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 SBK-53 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 565600 428000 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 565200 SBK-20 SBK-25 SBK-13 SBK-22 425600 ESBK-1 564800 SBK-3 426000 SBK-8 SBK-21 426000 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SWSBK-1 564400 SBK-14 SBK-61 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 564000 SBK-58 SBK-17 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SWSBK-2 426400 426400 SBK-58 SBK-61 SBK-56 426800 426800 SBK-23 427200 427200 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-55 563600 SBK-20 SBK-17 SBK-26 563200 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-20 SBK-25 SBK-13 SBK-22 562800 427600 427600 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-8 SBK-21 566000 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-59 SBK-12 425200 565200 428000 SEDIMEN SUPPLY SBK-58 423200 564800 423600 565600 427600 565200 427200 564800 426800 564400 426400 564000 424400 563600 424000 563200 428000 562800 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE (A) 3rd ORDER REGRESSIVE STACKING 562800 427200 3rd ORDER TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE NET SAND MAP (B) 427600 3rd ORDER REGRESSIVE STACKING THIRD ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE 428000 3rd ORDER TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING THIRD ORDER REGRESSIVE – TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING PATERN OF SEMBAKUNG AREA 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 566000 428000 427200 426800 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 428000 427600 427200 SBK-59 SBK-12 426400 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-58 426000 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-25 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-13 SBK-22 425600 425600 425200 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SWSBK-2 424800 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 200 400 600 800 SBK-31 563600 564000 564400 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 424000 424400 SWSBK-1 SBK-45 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-35 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N RESTRICTED GEOMETRY OF SAND HIGHER OIL POTENTION MORE EXPECTED OF NEW POOL SAND RESERVOIR SBK-37 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 SBK-43 SBK-50 1000m 1:19531 563200 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-33 564800 565200 565600 566000 423200 0 562800 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SBK-56 423600 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 566000 426800 427600 427200 426800 426400 426000 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 565600 0 200 400 600 800 1000m 1:19531 562800 563200 423200 423200 427600 428000 426000 425600 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 427600 427200 426800 426400 426400 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424000 565200 423600 423600 564800 424000 423200 426400 427600 427200 426800 426400 426400 426000 425600 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 428000 427600 427200 426800 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE (B) 564400 424400 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE (A) 564000 424800 3rd ORDER TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING 563600 425200 566000 566000 425600 565600 565600 426000 565200 565200 426400 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-43 423200 564800 564800 426800 SBK-37 SBK-48 423600 564400 SBK-35 424000 3rd ORDER REGRESSIVE STACKING 563200 SBK-50 1000m 564000 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-33 SBK-31 563600 424400 800 424800 600 1:19531 563200 425200 400 425600 200 426000 0 562800 426400 SBK-45 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-43 564400 427200 426800 565600 564000 427600 427200 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-48 423200 565200 SBK-31 SBK-53 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 423600 423200 564800 ESBK-1 SWSBK-1 424000 423600 564400 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 SBK-50 SBK-31 564000 1000m 563600 SBK-61 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-33 1000m 563600 SWSBK-2 424400 424000 800 800 SBK-17 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 SWSBK-1 SBK-45 562800 566000 SBK-61 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 600 1:19531 563200 SBK-20 SBK-17 ESBK-1 424800 424400 SBK-36 SBK-32 565600 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-55 SBK-10 SBK-1 425200 424800 SBK-35 SBK-37 565200 SBK-25 425600 425200 600 1:19531 563200 426000 425600 SWSBK-2 SBK-50 400 SBK-28 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-33 200 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SBK-56 SBK-53 SBK-43 564800 SBK-3 426400 426000 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-48 0 564400 427600 426400 ESBK-1 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 562800 564000 SBK-14 SBK-61 SBK-10 SBK-1 SWSBK-1 SBK-45 563600 400 SBK-20 SBK-17 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 563200 426800 426800 SWSBK-2 562800 SBK-58 SBK-25 SBK-13 SBK-22 200 562800 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 427200 427200 SBK-58 SBK-8 SBK-21 0 566000 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-61 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 565600 427600 427600 SBK-17 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 565200 423200 428000 SBK-11 SBK-57 564800 LOW COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 566000 423600 565600 424000 565200 SBK-31 564400 SBK-20 SBK-25 SBK-43 SBK-50 1000m 564000 424400 564800 800 563600 424800 564400 600 1:19531 425200 564000 SBK-20 SBK-56 400 563200 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 566000 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-58 SBK-13 SBK-22 200 425600 563600 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-14 SBK-8 SBK-21 0 426000 565600 426400 563200 426800 562800 427200 565200 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-33 SBK-43 MEDIUM COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 565600 427600 565200 564800 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 LOW COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N CONNECTED GEOMETRY OF SAND LESS EXPECTED OF NEW POOL SAND RESERVOIR 428000 564800 SBK-35 SBK-36 SBK-32 423200 564400 564400 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 SWSBK-1 SBK-29 SBK-37 SBK-48 423600 564000 SBK-31 564000 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-50 1000m 563600 424000 563600 800 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-53 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 SWSBK-2 424400 563200 600 1:19531 563200 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 562800 400 566000 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-55 ESBK-1 424800 200 425200 0 562800 566000 425600 565600 426000 565200 565600 SBK-61 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 562800 564800 426400 564400 426800 SBK-43 565200 SBK-25 SBK-17 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-33 423200 423200 SBK-31 564000 SBK-36 SBK-32 564800 SBK-3 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SWSBK-1 SBK-50 1000m 563600 SBK-37 423600 423600 800 SBK-35 424000 424000 600 1:19531 563200 424400 424400 400 SBK-29 SBK-48 SBK-50 200 564400 SBK-20 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-33 SBK-43 564000 SBK-14 SBK-28 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-56 SWSBK-2 424800 424800 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 0 SBK-6 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 SBK-45 563600 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 425200 425200 SBK-37 SBK-33 562800 425600 425600 SBK-45 SBK-35 ESBK-1 SBK-53 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 563200 SBK-58 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SWSBK-1 562800 566000 SBK-61 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 565600 SBK-25 SBK-17 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 565200 SBK-3 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-28 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SWSBK-2 SBK-53 SBK-18 SBK-38 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-51SBK-47 SBK-25 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-55 SBK-56 564800 SBK-58 426000 426000 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-52 SBK-27 SWSBK-3 564400 SBK-14 SBK-61 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SWSBK-1 564000 SBK-20 SBK-17 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 563600 427200 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-61 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-53 563200 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-14 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-28 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SWSBK-2 562800 426400 426400 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-17 SBK-56 566000 SBK-20 SBK-25 SBK-13 SBK-22 565600 SBK-58 SBK-20 SBK-8 SBK-21 565200 426800 426800 SBK-3 SBK-58 564800 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-14 564400 427600 427600 564000 427200 427200 563600 427600 427200 426800 563200 427600 566000 427200 565600 426800 565200 426400 564800 428000 564400 428000 564000 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 428000 563600 428000 563200 428000 562800 562800 LOW COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N MEDIUM COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 427600 3rd ORDER REGRESSIVE STACKING HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATIO N 428000 3rd ORDER TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING GEOLOGICAL FACT OF SEMBAKUNG AREA SBK-31 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 566000 STATISTIC FREQUENCY OF PERFORATED OIL ZONE 50 40 47 40 30 31 30 30 28 20 26 24 23 25 18 17 18 15 10 10 3 0 2 1 2 3 4 9 10 15 10 11 12 8 9 9 8 9 0 16 17B 19AB 20 21BC 23 24CD 26A 26CD 27B 28B 29B 30A 30CD 32AB 33 35 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATION PRODUCT STRATIGRAPHIC TRAP DOMAIN GEOLOGICAL FACT OF SEMBAKUNG AREA (STRATIGRAPHIC TRAP DOMAIN) 562800 563200 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 -3500 SBK-44 SBK-32 SBK-43 0 -350 423200 425920 425840 425360 0 -3 50 422800 SBK-19 1:21938 564400 564800 565200 565600 220 m B -3500 00 -25 SBK-9 SBK-10 425200 425200 564000 322 m 425120 425120 563600 425280 A 563200 SBK-16A 425040 425040 562800 425360 1000m SBK-40 425440 800 422800 600 0 400 423200 -350 200 A 425440 423600 423600 SBK-36 SBK-33 SBK-2 425520 SBK-4 SBK-48 SBK-35 SBK-37 425520 SBK-29 424000 0 SBK-42 SBK-49 SBK-61 -4000 -3500 -400 SBK-45 SBK-34 SBK-30 425600 SBK-38 ESBK-2 SBK-46 SBK-47 425600 SWSBK-3 SBK-6 424400 424400 SBK-18 SBK-5 SBK-51 ESBK-1 SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-27 SBK-52 0 B SBK-17 425680 0 SBK-16A SBK-41 SWSBK-1 -30 0 SBK-15 424800 424800 SBK-10 425280 00 -3500 -3 0 0 SBK-24 SBK-41 50 SBK-62 100 150 200 250m 1:4601 SBK-63 564080 564160 564240 564320 564400 564480 564560 564640 424960 0 424960 426800 426400 00 SBK-9 425680 -3 00 425200 SBK-19 SBK-54 425760 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-53 SBK-57 425760 SBK-28 SBK-26 SBK-55 SWSBK-2 564640 SBK-57 SBK-17 SBK-61 425600 425600 426000 426000 SBK-25 SBK-22 -3 5 425200 0 SBK-20 SBK-21 SBK-13 SBK-20 564560 564480 425840 00 SBK-11 SBK-8 564400 426400 -3 SBK-14 564320 425920 426800 SBK-12 SBK-58 564240 SBK-25 SBK-59 SBK-23 424000 QOI > 1000 QOI = 500 - 1000 QOI = 200 - 500 QOI < 200 00 -3 0 564160 427200 427200 564080 SWEETNESS ATTRIBUTE DISTRIBUTION OF HIGH COMPARTEMENTALISATION PARASEQUENCES SET 566000 427600 427200 426800 426400 430400 429600 426000 428800 427200 425600 425200 424800 428000 424400 426400 424000 423600 423200 425600 422400 421600 2500m 420800 425200 424800 424400 424000 423600 423200 425600 424800 423200 424000 427200 426800 426400 426000 420000 561600 562400 563200 564000 564800 565600 566400 567200 400 600 800 1000m SBK-31 563200 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATION RESTRICTED GEOMETRY OF SAND HIGHER OIL POTENTION MORE EXPECTED OF NEW POOL SAND RESERVOIR 430400 563200 563600 564000 564400 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-3 SBK-58 426000 428800 425600 425200 424800 428000 427200 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-35 SBK-37 423600 426400 423200 425600 500 1000 1500 2000 2500m 1:44000 420800 420000 560800 561600 562400 563200 564000 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 SBK-43 SBK-50 200 400 600 800 1000m 1:19531 424800 424000 423200 0 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 0 421600 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATION RESTRICTED GEOMETRY OF SAND HIGHER OIL POTENTION MORE EXPECTED OF NEW POOL SAND RESERVOIR 422400 566000 421600 565600 420800 565200 420000 425200 424800 423600 423200 424400 425600 428800 426400 425600 424800 424000 423200 422400 564800 422400 421600 564400 423200 420800 564000 424000 420000 420000 1000m SBK-31 563600 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-39 SBK-45 424800 420800 568000 800 SWSBK-2 SWSBK-1 425600 421600 567200 600 SBK-56 426400 422400 566400 563200 423200 423200 565600 423600 424000 564800 400 SBK-17 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 SBK-33 SBK-50 200 1:19531 424800 564000 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-43 562800 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-13 SBK-22 424000 SBK-37 SBK-25 SBK-61 424000 SBK-35 6300 5400 4500 3600 2700 1800 900 0 427200 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-48 0 425600 563200 424400 424400 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 SWSBK-1 SBK-45 2500m ESBK-1 424800 424000 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 426400 562400 Surface attribute 428000 SWSBK-2 SBK-8 SBK-21 SBK-55 SBK-10 SBK-1 425200 428000 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 427200 427200 SBK-28 425600 428000 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE (A) 428800 SBK-17 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 565600 SBK-14 428800 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-56 565200 SBK-20 SBK-25 426000 426000 SBK-8 SBK-21 564800 426800 426400 427200 426800 562800 429600 SBK-58 SBK-61 1:44000 561600 566000 430400 SBK-3 426400 426400 560800 426800 429600 SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION MF_2 – FS_2.1 PARASEQUNCE Hor 5_3300-3700 SET 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 561600 562400 563200 564000 566000 SBK-14 SBK-33 560800 565600 428000 564400 SBK-59 SBK-12 429600 5250 4500 3750 3000 2250 1500 750 0 2000 565200 427600 564000 427200 563600 427600 563200 427200 430400 562800 430400 Surface attribute 1500 564800 568000 429600 428800 428000 427200 426400 425600 424800 424000 423200 422400 421600 420800 420000 200 423200 3rd ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE (B) SBK-50 0 562800 SBK-20 1000 SBK-36 SBK-32 423600 560800 427600 SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION FS_2.3 – MF_3 PARASEQUNCE Copy of Hor 6_2200-2700 SET 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 561600 562400 563200 564000 500 SBK-37 SBK-43 568000 560800 0 SBK-35 424000 2000 424400 1500 1:44000 424800 1000 425200 567200 425600 566400 426000 565600 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 420000 564800 500 420800 564000 426400 0 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 1:19531 421600 563200 426800 566000 420000 562400 427200 565600 422400 420800 561600 427600 565200 423200 421600 560800 428000 564800 424000 2500m SBK-10 SBK-1 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-44 SBK-51SBK-47 ESBK-2 SBK-48 424800 564400 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SWSBK-1 425600 422400 2000 SBK-31 564000 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATION RESTRICTED GEOMETRY OF SAND HIGHER OIL POTENTION MORE EXPECTED OF NEW POOL SAND RESERVOIR 423200 1500 1:44000 1000m 563600 SBK-56 426400 424000 1000 800 SBK-61 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 427200 424800 500 600 1:19531 563200 423200 400 SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 SBK-53 423600 200 SBK-3 SWSBK-2 424000 425600 SBK-50 0 562800 566000 SBK-20 SBK-33 SBK-43 565600 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-36 SBK-32 SBK-48 565200 SBK-25 SBK-13 SBK-22 SBK-17 424400 426400 SBK-35 SBK-37 SBK-33 0 424800 427200 SBK-29 SBK-49 SBK-42 SBK-4 SBK-45 564800 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-8 SBK-21 428000 ESBK-1 SBK-60 SBK-15 SBK-16A SBK-62 SBK-63 SBK-5 SBK-6 SBK-52 SBK-27 SBK-18 SBK-38 SWSBK-3 SBK-46 SBK-30 SBK-34 SBK-47 SBK-44 SBK-51 ESBK-2 SWSBK-1 564400 SBK-14 428800 SBK-39 SBK-24 SBK-41 SBK-53 SBK-10 SBK-1 425200 SWSBK-2 4800 4200 3600 3000 2400 1800 1200 600 0 425600 SBK-56 Surface attribute SBK-28 SBK-2 SBK-40 SBK-61 SBK-7 SBK-9 SBK-19 SBK-54 564000 429600 SBK-17 SBK-26 SBK-23 SBK-55 563600 SBK-58 426000 6400 5600 4800 4000 3200 2400 1600 800 0 SBK-11 SBK-57 SBK-13 SBK-22 563200 430400 SBK-3 SBK-20 SBK-25 562800 426400 SBK-59 SBK-12 SBK-58 Surface attribute SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION MF_3 – FS_3.1 PARASEQUNCE Hor 6_2000-2250 SET 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 561600 562400 563200 564000 560800 428000 565600 427600 565200 428000 564800 426800 430400 564400 427200 429600 564000 SBK-8 SBK-21 428000 3rd ORDER REGRESSIVE STACKING 563600 SBK-14 428800 3rd ORDER TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING 563200 429600 3rd ORDER REGRESSIVE STACKING 562800 427600 SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTIONHor FS_3.3 7 – MF_4 PARASEQUNCE SET 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 561600 562400 563200 564000 560800 428000 THIRD ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE 430400 3rd ORDER TRANSGRESSIVE STACKING SWEETNESS ATTRIBUTE MAP CREATED BY TRI HANDAYANI 562800 563200 SBK-31 563600 564000 564400 564800 565200 565600 HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATION RESTRICTED GEOMETRY OF SAND HIGHER OIL POTENTION MORE EXPECTED OF NEW POOL SAND RESERVOIR DRILLING AND DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION MF_3 – FS_3.1 PARASEQUNCE Hor 6_2000-2250 SET 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 561600 562400 563200 564000 SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION FS_3.3 Hor 7 – MF_4 PARASEQUNCE 561600 562400 563200 564000 SET564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 428000 427200 426400 425600 429600 429600 426400 425600 425600 424000 423200 422400 424800 424800 424000 423200 422400 SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION FS_2.3 – MF_3 PARASEQUNCE Copy of Hor 6_2200-2700 SET 564800 565600 566400 567200 561600 562400 563200 564000 563200 564000 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 Surface attribute 428000 427200 426400 425600 425600 425600 424800 424800 424800 564000 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 421600 2000 2500m 420800 420000 420800 420000 563200 1500 1:44000 420000 420000 562400 1000 420800 420800 561600 500 421600 1:44000 560800 422400 427200 424000 423200 422400 0 2500m 421600 421600 2000 422400 1500 423200 422400 1000 424000 423200 500 427200 424000 424000 426400 425600 423200 426400 426400 428000 427200 0 428000 428000 6300 5400 4500 3600 2700 1800 900 0 424800 429600 428800 428800 429600 429600 562400 430400 428800 5250 4500 3750 3000 2250 1500 750 0 561600 POTENTIAL ZONE TO DRILL AND TO DEVELOPE SWEETNESS DISTRIBUTION MF_2 – FS_2.1 PARASEQUNCE Hor 5_3300-3700 SET564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 561600 562400 563200 564000 429600 Surface attribute 2500m 560800 430400 428800 421600 420800 560800 568000 430400 560800 568000 2000 430400 567200 420000 420800 420000 566400 1500 1:44000 420000 565600 1000 420800 564800 500 421600 421600 422400 564000 420000 563200 420800 562400 423200 0 421600 561600 EXISTING PRODUCTION ZONE 424000 2500m 1:44000 560800 422400 2000 423200 1500 424000 1000 424800 424800 500 427200 427200 426400 426400 0 428000 427200 4800 4200 3600 3000 2400 1800 1200 600 0 425600 428800 428800 428800 429600 Surface attribute 428000 428000 430400 428800 6400 5600 4800 4000 3200 2400 1600 800 0 429600 Surface attribute 430400 560800 430400 430400 560800 560800 561600 562400 563200 564000 564800 565600 566400 567200 568000 SEMBAKUNG FIELD DEVELOPMENT STRATTEGY : GRID BASE DRILLING STRATEGY ON THE POTENTIAL AREA DUE TO HIGH COMPARTEMENTALIZATION OF SAND RESERVOIR PRESENTATION OUTLINE 1 BASIC OPEN HOLE LOG INTERPRETATION OVERVIEW 2 SHARING - SHARING 3 WORKSHOP GENETIC SEQUENCE THIRD ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE FOURTH ORDER GENETIC SEQUENCE DELTAIC CYCLE TERIMA KASIH