 A formation of _______________________ _________found in the
____________________ United States
 Named for the small village of ________________________, _______ ________ where there is a distinctive outcropping of the formation
 One of the USA’s most promising ____________________ _________ resources
 Primarily ________________ with 0-20% ethane or other higher
____________________________.
 Can be found in association with __________, or NOT, and also as
_____________________________ (CBM)
 Natural gas was often __________________ ________ as a by-product of oil drilling
 Created from the death & decay of ____________________ ________________
(terrestrial organisms most often create _____________)
 ____________________ & ____________________________ alter the organic matter into kerogen, which is a waxy material found in oil shales
 Must go through ____________________________ to be usable in today’s market.
 The shale lies beneath ___________ of _______________________ land mass where it is buried to depths of 9000 feet
 _________ ________ includes liquid hydrocarbons with natural gas

 Gas companies utilize a technique called ____________________________
_____________ to reach large areas of buried natural gas with
_____________________ surface _____________________
Directional Drilling
 _______________________ protect ground _______________
 Multiple thicknesses of cement and metal are used
 ____________________ seals the casing the entire extent of the well to prevent gas and other hydrocarbons from ___________________
Hydraulic Fracturing
 Technology carried over from the Barnett Shale in ___________________
 Opens and propagates existing ______________________ in the target rock layer
 Method: o A well is ___________________ after it is drilled o A blend of sand, ceramics, resin-coated grains, and chemicals are ______________________ through the well out into the surrounding
_____________ through the perforations o _____________________ can be traced through ___________________________ material