Biology Standards Alignment INTRO: The TOPS experiments are designed for students to align to the California State Science Standards. The labs employ modern technology including computer driven instruments and commercially available data analysis software. Factors Affecting the Activity of Amylase Testing of the ability of amylase to release maltose from starch under different conditions of temperature and pH, followed by spectrophotometry to study reaction rate. Uses water baths, micropipettors, Diode Array Scanning Spectrophotometer. Standards 1b*, 1h, 9f. Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l. *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. DNA Restriction Endonuclease Site Mapping Cutting of DNA with restriction endonucleases, electrophoresis, and staining of gel. Uses microcentrifuges, micropipettors, water baths, mini-­‐electrophoresis gel apparatus, light boxes, camera. Standards 1h, 5a*, 5b*, 5c*, 5d. Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l. *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. Fish Protein Electrophoresis Comparison of proteins in various fish products by electrophoresis with vertical SDS-­‐PAGE apparatus. Uses electrophoresis apparatus, micropipettors, microcentrifuges, light boxes, camera. Standards 1h, 4a*, 4e*, 5a* Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. Drosophila Genetics and Biochemistry Underlying Phenotypes Examination of flies with different eye pigmentations, followed by assessment of pteridine pigments present via thin layer chromatography. Uses TLC apparatus, UV illuminator, camera. Standards 2c*, 2g*, 3a*, 3b*, 7c*, 7d*, 8a*, 8b*, 8d* Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. Photosynthesis Chromatographic separation of plant pigments, pH assessment for evaluation of alternative photosynthesis strategies. Uses pH meter, TLC apparatus. Standards 1c*, 1f*, 1g, 6d Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. Water Quality Analysis Study of oxygen content of water samples, and changes caused by biological demands. Study of coliform content of water samples. Uses BOD meters, Millipore filtration apparatus. Standards 6b*, 6d* Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a*, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. Yeast Respiration and Fermentation Gas chromatographic evaluation of ethanol production under aerobic and anaerobic conditions. Uses clinical centrifuge, gas chromatograph. Standards 1a*, 1g* Investigation and Experimentation Standards: 1a, 1b*, 1c, 1d, 1e, 1j, 1l *Standard subject of a test question on 2003, 2004, or 2005 exam released by the California Department of Education, December 2005. Biotechnology To be added.