Ecology Review
Chapter 46 & 47
Name: KEY
Block:
Fill in the blank: Type in the correct answer on the red line.
scavenger
autotroph
chemotroph
carnivore
omnivore
heterotroph
decomposer
Date:
herbivore
1. An autotroph is a type of producer that makes its own food using the sunlight, water and carbon
dioxide.
Examples are plants.
2. A chemotroph is a type of producer that makes its own food from chemicals, such as salts. An
example is bacteria.
3. A heterotroph
to live.
is an organism that can not make their own food and must eat other organisms
4. A herbivore
is a consumer that only eats plants. An example of this consumer is a rabbit .
5. A carnivore
is a consumer that only eats meat. An example of this consumer is a lion
6. A omnivore
is a consumer that eats plants and meat. An example of this consumer is a bear .
.
7. A decomposer is a consumer that breaks down dead material into nutrients . An example of
this consumer is fungus .
8. A scavenger is a consumer that eats the tissue of dead organisms. An example of this
consumer is vulture .
Identify: For the following organisms, identify them as autotrophs or heterotrophs. Drag and drop
their names into the appropriate columns.
Scavenger
Producer
oak tree
rose
red wood tree
maple tree
grass
shrub
hyena
buzzard
vulture
Decomposer
mushroom
bacteria
fly
rat
daisy
Carnivore
Herbivore
rabbit
squirrel
deer
chipmunk
giraffe
zebra
mosquito
fox
tiger
bob cat
lion
Omnivore
bear
human
Figure 1. Use the figure below to answer the following questions. Type the answer on the red line.
grass
rabbit
fox
mushroom
bobcat
1. What type of figure is figure 1? (food chain, food web or ecological pyramid) food chain
2. What does the arrow represent? energy flow
3. What is the primary consumer above? rabbit
4. What is the decomposer above? mushroom
5. What does the bobcat eat? fox
6. What is the tertiary consumer? bobcat
7. What is an herbivore above? rabbit
8. What is the producer? grass
9. What does the mushroom absorb? energy from the bobcat
Figure 2. Use the figure below to answer the following questions. Type the answer on the red line.
grass
rabbits
fox
bobcat
fungi
dandelions
squirrel
hawk
sparrow
bacteria
acorns
deer
spider
plant
chipmunk
grasshopper
1. What type of figure is figure 2? (food chain, food web or ecological pyramid)
food web
2. How is figure 1 different from figure 2? figure 2 is more complex than figure 1
3. Name 2 producers from figure 2. grass, dandelions, acorns, plant
4. Name 3 organisms in a hawk’s diet. rabbit, squirrel, chipmunk
5. Name 3 herbivores from figure 2. rabbit, squirrel, deer, chipmunk, grasshopper
6. What is the function of the fungi and bacteria? decomposers
7. Name a tertiary consumer from figure 2. bobcat, sparrow
8. What organisms have a diet that consists of plants? herbivores
9. What level of consumer ALWAYS has herbivores? primary consumer
10. What levels of consumers contain carnivores? secondary & tertiary (2 and 3)
11. What organism eats spiders? sparrow
12. What would happen to the grasshopper population if the sparrows died one year?they’d decrease
Figure 3. Use the figure below to answer the following questions. Type the answer on the red line.
fox
shrew
insect
grass
1. What type of figure is figure 3? (food chain, food web or ecological pyramid)
ecological pyramid
2. What is the name of the law that states 90%
of the energy from one level is lost to the next level? 10% law
3. What is the name of the organisms at the bottom of figure 3? producers
4. What is the name of the consumers at the top of figure 3? tertiary (3) consumers
5. Grass has 54,700 kcal of energy. Hoe much does the insect receive? 5,470 kcal
6. The shrew receives 31 kcal of energy from the insect. How much did the grass have? 3,100
7. The grass contains 8,400 kcal of energy. How much will the fox receive from the shrew? 8.4
8. The fox receives 9.2 kcal of energy from the shrew. How much did the grass have? 9,200
Food Web and Pyramid: Using the food web below, drag and drop the names of the organisms into
the appropriate trophic levels in the pyramid. Label the trophic levels.
fox
rabbits
bobcat
fungi
grass
dandelions
squirrel
hawk
acorns
deer
spider
plant
chipmunk
sparrow
bacteria
Decomposer
fungi
bacteria
grasshopper
Tertiary
Consumer
Secondary
Consumer
Primary
Consumer
Producers
bobcat
sparrow
spider
hawk
fox
rabbits
deer
grasshopper
squirrel
chipmunk
dandelions
plant
acorns
grass
Fill in the Blank: Type in the answers for the following questions. If asked for an example, use the
knowledge in your head, not the words below.
density-independent
predation
commensalism
density-dependent
mutualism
competition
parasitism
limiting factor
1. A limiting factor is any condition that limits the size of a population. There are 2 types: densitydependent and density-independent.
2. Predation occurs when one organism hunts and eats another organism. An example of two
organisms that show this relationship are fox and hare .
3. A density-dependent limiting factor limits a population only when the population reaches a
certain density. An example of this factor is availability of water & competition for food .
4. Parasitism
occurs when one organism lives off the tissue of its host and can eventually cause
harm and death. An example of this relationship is tick and dog .
5. When organisms try to make use of the same resources, such as food and water, they have
competition , such as 2 birds trying to get the same worm.
6. A density-independent limiting factor limits a population the same way regardless of its density.
An example of this factor is climate & pollution .
7. A mutualism relationship occurs when both organisms reap the benefits and they each fill a
need for the other, such as humans and bacteria.
8. A commensalism relationship occurs when one organism reaps the benefits and the other
organism is unharmed, such as barnacles and whales.
Graph 1. Use the graph below to answer the following questions.
1. What type of population graph is shown above? predation curve
2.
What organism is the prey? hares
How do you know? when the hare numbers fluctuate, the lynx numbers than mimic that trend
3. What organism is the predator? lynx
4.
Are there ever more predators than prey? yes
If yes, give a year that this occurred. 1905
What ALWAYS happens to the predator
population after it exceeds the prey population? it decreases
5. How are predators and preys dependent on each other? when the prey numbers change, the
predator numbers change the same way (one increases, the other increases & vice versa)
Graph 2. Use the graph below to answer the following questions.
1. What type of population graph is shown above?
2. Give one reason why there are so
many deer on St. Paul Island in 1939.
boom and bust
lots of food, good climate, no predators
3. GIve one reason why the deer population decreases in 1950. compete for food, big storm
4. Name another organism that would produce the type of graph shown above.
mosquitos, insects
Graphs: Drag and drop the correct curve for the following graphs into the appropriate axses. Notice
what organisms are being graphed to help you find the correct answer. Drag and drop the correct
names when you are done.
# of gnats
Boom and Bust
Time
Time
# of lions
# of zebra
# of rabbits
Time
Predation Curve
Exponential Curve
# of bacteria
S curve graph
Time
Graph 3. Use the graph below to answer the following questions.
Curve 1
Curve 2
1. What type of curve is curve 1?
exponential curve
2. What type of curve is curve 2?
s-shaped curve
3. What is the carrying capacity for curve 2?
1000
4. What does carrying capacity mean? # of death= the # of births, the environment can not hold any
more organisms
5. What does exponential growth mean? rapid growth- number of births is greater than the number
of deaths
Succession: Place the following pictures in the correct order of succession- from primary succession
to the climax community by dragging and dropping the pictures.
1. Primary
Succession
2. Secondary
Stage
3. Third Stage
4. Fourth Level
5. Climax
Community