Types of Chemical Bonds
名詞解釋 : ionic bonding / covalent bonding / polar covalent bond
1. Some plant fertilizer compounds are (NH4)2SO4, Ca3(PO4)2, K2O, P2O5, and KCl.
Which of these compounds contain both ionic and covalent bonds?
名詞解釋 : electronegativity
2. Predict the order of increasing electronegativity in each of the following groups.
a. C, N, O
b. S, Se, Cl
c. Si, Ge, Sn
d. Tl, S, Ge
3. Predict the type of bond(ionic, covalent, or polar covalent) one would expect to
form between the following pairs of elements.
a. Rb and Cl b. S and S
c. C and F
d. Ba and S e. N and P
4. For each of the following groups, place the atoms in order of decreasing size.
a. Cu, Cu+, Cu2+
b.Ni2+, Pd2+, Pt2+
c. Te2-, I-, Cs+, Ba2+, La3+
名詞解釋 : lattice energy/ endothermic / exothermic
5. Consider the following energy changes
Mg(g) Mg+(g) + e+
2+
Mg (g) Mg (g) + e
-
-
O(g) +e O (g)
-
-
-2-
O (g) + e O (g)
735 kJ/mol
-
1445 kJ/mol
-141 kJ/mol
878 kJ/mol
Magnesium oxide exists as Mg2+O2- and not as Mg+O- , Explain.
名詞解釋 : bond energy / single bond / double bond / triple bond
6. Use bond energy values to estimateΔH for each of the following reactions in the
gas phase.
a. H2 + Cl2 2HCl
b. N≡N + 3H2 2NH3
7. Consider the following reaction :
H2C=CH2 + F2 CFH2-CFH2
ΔH = -549kJ/mol
Estimate the C-F bond energy given that the C-C bond energy is 347 kJ/mol, the C=C
bond energy is 614 kJ/mol, and the F-F bond energy is 154 kJ/mol
名詞解釋 : lewis structure / duet rule / octet rule
8. Write Lewis structure that obey the octet rule for each of following molecules.
a. CH4 ,O2 ,F2 , CO b. NO2- , NO3c. OCN- , SCN- , N3名詞解釋 : formal charge / resonance
9. Write the formal charge for each atom.
a. POCl3 b. SO42- c. ClO4- d. PO4310. Show all resonance strcutre where applicable.
a. NO2- , NO3b. OCN- , SCN- , N3名詞解釋 : VSEPR / tetrahedral / trigonal bipyramidal / V-shape / trigonal planar
11. Predict the molecular structure for each of following compounds
a. XeCl2 b. ICl3 c. TeF4 , d. PCl5 e. XeF4, f. XeO3