This chapter explores the cultures in and around the Fertile Crescent, or modern day
Iraq and Iran, along with Turkey. This area has been conquered many times and a rich
artistic tradition exists. Much art and architecture produced by other cultures was
derived from the creations made by Ancient Near Easterners.
REMEMBER “SAN-BAN”. These groups ruled the geographic region in this chronological order:
S
A
N
B
A
N
Sumerian
Akkadian
Neo-Sumerian
Babylonian
Assyrian
Neo-Babylonian
INDEPENDENT RESEARCH TOPIC:
(Be prepared to demonstrate your knowledge on the Chapter Test):
Research Cyrus the Great and
Alexander the Great. Be able to
explain their accomplishments
and contrast their leadership styles.
Be prepared for review questions on the Chapter Test:
TOPIC:
ALL OF TERMINOLOGY LIST 1
We will be studying Art of the Ancient Egyptians as our next topic. Feel free to scan
the pages in that section in order to get a head start.
TERMS TO KNOW:
Stele (27), hieratic scale (27), Mesopotamia (28), city-state (28), deity (28), cuneiform (28), stylus (28),
ziggurat (28), alabaster (30), register (30), groundline (31), votive figures (31), lyre (31), cylinder
seals (32), diorite (36), portals (39), citadel (41), palace complex (41), lamassus (42), crenellated (44),
glazed brick (44), apadana (45), gold leaf (47)
Inlaid:
Small pieces of material are set-in to a larger background (see page 35)
CONCEPTS TO KNOW:
Map Identification for READING QUIZ 4 (29):
Waterways: Tigris River, Euphrates River, Persian Gulf, Red Sea
Regions:
Babylonia, Mesopotamia, Sumer, Elam, Assyria, Persia, Anatolia
Cities:
Babylon, Ur, Jerusalem, Perseoplis, Hattusha
CULTURES TO KNOW:
Make note of the basic facts about each of the following:
Akkad, Babylon, Persia, Sumer, Elam, Assyria, Neo-Babylon
LEADERS TO KNOW:
Know the major accomplishments of each, along with which cultural group each belonged:
Sargon I and Sargon II, Hammurabi, Assurnasirpal II, Nebuchadnezzar II and Darius I
Understand how the culture, art and architecture of the ANE influenced the Egyptians:
(use of writing, ziggurats, polytheism, hieratic scaling, use of registers)
Read “The Code of Hammurabi” (38). Hammurabi was a Babylonian leader
Know how the composition of ANE sculptures was influenced by materials used (diorite) (36)
LECTURE SLIDES:
TITLE
CULTURE
LOCATION
YEAR
Map of Ancient Near East
Line Art
ANE
Stele of Naram-Sin**
Akkadian
Sippar
Inanna-Ishtar relief carving
Babylonian
Anu Ziggurat and White Temple
Sumerian
Reconstruction drawing of White Temple
Line Art
Stylus
Line Art
Cuneiform writing
Line Art
Cuneiform at Ceremonial Complex of Darius
Persian
Persepolis, IR 518-460 BCE
Cuneiform tablet
Sumerian
Lagash, IQ
2,250 BCE
2025-1763 BCE
Uruk, IQ
3,300 BCE
1,980 BCE
Ancient Near Eastern influence on Egyptian art:
Hieroglyphic, hieratic, and demotic writing
Carved Vessel
Sumerian
Uruk, IQ
Votive Figures**
Sumerian
Tell Asmar, IQ 2,900 BCE
Seated statuette of Urnanshe
Sumerian
Mari, Syria
2600-2500 BCE
Warka Head
Sumerian
Uruk, IQ
3,300 BCE
Cylinder Seal and its modern impression
Sumerian
Ur, IQ
2,600-2,500 BCE
Cylinder Seal and its modern impression
Sumerian
Ur, IQ
2,550-2,400 BCE
Head of an Akkadian Ruler*
Akkadian
Niveveh, IQ
2,300-2,200 BCE
Bust of an Akkadian ruler
Akkadian
Photograph of Katherine and Leonard Woolley
modern
Ur, IQ
1937
Great Lyre with Bull’s Head*
Sumerian
Ur, IQ
2,600-2,500 BCE
Front Panel of Great Lyre with Bull’s Head
Sumerian
Ur, IQ
2,600-2,500 BCE
Ancient Near Eastern influence on Egyptian art:
The Narmer Palette
Indiana Governor’s Office Conference Table, Indianapolis
Westville Correctional Facility
2007 CE
Stele of Urnammu
Neo-Sumerian Ur, IQ
2,030 BCE
Nanna Ziggurat*
Neo-Sumerian Ur, IQ
2,100-2,050 BCE
3,300 BCE-3,000 BCE
Artist’s rendition of a ziggurat being used in ancient times
Votive Statue of Gudea*
Neo-Sumerian Telloh, IQ
2,090 BCE
Votive Statue of Gudea
Neo-Sumerian Telloh, IQ
2,150 BCE
Code of Hammurabi**
Babylonian
Susa, IQ
1,750 BCE
Hittites
Hattusha, TKY 1,400 BCE
Depiction of Hammurabi meeting Shamash
Lion Gate
Double-Lion motif at Art Institute of Chicago and New York Public Library
Assurnasirpal II Killing Lions*
Assyrian
Kahlu, IQ
875-860 BCE
Artist’s rendition of Palace of Assurnasirpal II
Assyrian
Kahlu, IQ
Ashurnasirpal II with Attendants and Soldier
Assyrian
Kahlu, IQ
875-860 BCE
Citadel and Palace Complex of Sargon II*
Assyrian
Dur Sharrukin, IQ
721-706 BCE
Enemies Crossing Euphrates to Escape Asssyrian Archers
Assyrian
Kahlu, IQ
875-860 BCE
Guardian Figures at Gate of Citadel of Sargon II
Assyrian
Dur Sharrukin, IQ
721-706 BCE
Lamassu* (not in textbook, look at PowerPoint)
Assyria
Iraq
883-859 BCE
Assurbanipal and Queen in Garden*
Assyrian
Niveneh, IQ
647 BCE
Ishtar Gate*
Babylonian
Babylon, IQ
575 BCE
Mushhushshu
Babylonian
Babylon, IQ
575 BCE
Striding Lion, Ishtar Gate
Babylonian
Babylon, IQ
575 BCE
Ceremonial Complex
Persian
Persepolis, IR 518-460 BCE
Bull capital from Ceremonial Complex
Persian
Persepolis, IR 500 BCE
Apadana of Darius and Xerxes*
Persian
Persepolis, IR 518-460 BCE
Darius and Xerxes Receiving Tribute*
Persian
Persepolis, IR 491-486 BCE
Ancient coin stamp, first used under Crosus
Line Art
Mesopotamia 560-547 BCE
Daric* (not in textbook, look at PowerPoint)
Persian
Persia (Iran)
*Possibly a slide-identification question. Know the title and culture.
**Know the title, culture and YEAR.
400 BCE