Hades—The god of under
world
_ 朱疆瑶（ Vanilla Zhu)
who is he?
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Hades: From ancient Greek Ἅιδης/ᾍδης and
In Greek mythology, Hades is the oldest male child of Cronus and R
hea considering the order of birth from the mother, or the younge
st, considering the regurgitation by the father. The latter view is a
ttested in Poseidon's speech in the Iliad. According to myth, he an
d his brothers Zeus and Poseidon defeated the Titans and claimed
rulership over the cosmos, ruling the underworld, air, and sea, resp
ectively; the solid earth, long the province of Gaia, was available to
all three concurrently
10 facts you need to know about Hades
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#HISTORY
Hades is the God of the Underworld. He is the oldest son of Cronus and Rhea and brothe
r to Zeus. His Roman equivalent is Pluto while his Etruscan one is Aita. Hades’ mytholo
gical importance is great with many myths relating to him and his acts.
Underworld per chance
Hades drew lots with his brothers Zeus and Poseidon for the Underworld. After winning t
he Titanomachy, a holy war between the new gods and the old gods (the Titans) Zeus, P
oseidon and Hades drew lots over the realms they would each command: Hades got the un
derworld, while Zeus the Sky and Poseidon the Sea.
Hades the feared God
Hades was the most feared out of all the Ancient Greek gods, not because he was the mo
st dangerous or powerful, but because he represented the inevitability of death. People w
ould be reluctant to swear oaths in his name and would avert their eyes when sacrificing t
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Not so photogenic
Perhaps because of the fear humans had for Hades, or for the less than positive events he represente
d, Hades is one of the least depicted gods of ancient Greece. It is difficult to find many statues or p
aintings that represent him, apart from those of the Rape of Persephone, including the incredible Gia
n Lorenzo Bernini statue.
Cap of Invisibility
Known also as the Helm of Hades or the Helm of Darkness this headdress gave the gift of invisibility
to the wearers. Hades was generous with it and in myth it seems that Athena wore it in the Trojan
War, Hermes in a battle against the giant Hippolytus and Perseus when he went to slay Medusa.
The Abduction of Persephone
Hades had a wife with him in the underworld though he did win her in a less than gentlemanly way.
Persephone was the beautiful daughter of the goddess Demeter. Hades kidnapped her into the under
world only to have to return her to her mother at the bequest of Zeus. Persephone was free to lea
ve if she hadn’t eaten anything while in the underworld, but Hades had fed her Pomegranate seeds so
she had to go back. Zeus however agreed that Persephone, being tricked was to be free of her husba
nd two thirds of the year, hence she lives in the Underworld in the winter months, when the earth
goes into mourning.
Conservative progeny
Maybe because he saw his wife only 4 months of
the year, or maybe because he didn’t have as many
extramarital affairs as other gods, Hades does not
have a huge list of children, though it is am
impressive one. He fathers the Erinyes (Furies),
Makaria (goddess of a blessed death) and in some
myth of Zagreus otherwise known as Dionysus.
Impressive Attributes
All ancient Greek gods had attributes, animals,
mode of transportation or weapons which were
iconic symbols of their power. Hades’ were his
chariot, drawn by four black horses, the Narcissus
and Cypress plants, the Key of Hades and
Cerberus, the three-headed dog as well as his
ebony throne.
puppy Love
Hercules’ final labour was to capture Cerberus. First, Hercules went to Eleusis to be initiated into the
Eleusinian Mysteries. He did this to absolve himself of guilt for killing the centaurs and to learn how to
enter and exit the underworld alive. He found the entrance to the underworld at Taenarum. Athena and
Hermes helped him through and back from Hades. Hercules asked Hades for permission to take Cerberus.
Hades agreed as long as Hercules didn’t harm Cerberus, Hades loved his puppy.
The Underworld – a large realm
The Underworld was a very large kingdom with many different areas, making Hades in affect one of the
gods who ruled over the most land. There were several different areas of the Underworld including
Elysium, the Asphodel Meadows, and Tartarus, as well as the Fields of Asphodel and Erebus. There were
also the 5 rivers, each in representation of a human condition Acheron (the river of sorrow, or woe),
Cocytus (lamentation), Phlegethon (fire), Lethe (oblivion), and Styx (hate).
Hades in Judeo Christian Culture
Hades is the standard translation for Sheol in the Septuagint, Josephus, Philo of Alexandria, and other
Jewish works written in Greek. “Hades” is described as a dark, serpent-like monster or dragon who drinks a
cubit of water from the sea every day, and is 200 plethra (20,000 Greek feet, 6 kilometres) in length.
The New Testament uses the Greek word Hades to refer to the abode of the dead, a shadowlike existence
forgotten by the living (e.g., Acts 2:31; Revelation 20:13). Only one passage describes hades as a place of
torment, the story of Lazarus and Dives.[Luke 16:19-31]
In Latin, Hades was translated as Purgatorium (Purgatory)
Different type of HAdes
From 《 Hercules 》 right side’s picture.
Who is pluto?
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Pluto (Greek: Πλούτων, Ploutōn) was the ruler of the underworld i
n classical mythology. The earlier name for the god was Hades, whic
h became more common as the name of the underworld itself. In a
ncient Greek religion and myth, Pluto represents a more positive co
ncept of the god who presides over the afterlife. Plout ōn was freq
uently conflated with Ploutos (Πλοῦτος, Plutus), a god of wealth,
because mineral wealth was found underground, and because as a ch
thonic god Pluto ruled the deep earth that contained the seeds nec
essary for a bountiful harvest.
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The name Ploutōn came into widespr
ead usage with the Eleusinian Myster
ies, in which Pluto was venerated as
a stern ruler but the loving husband
of Persephone. The couple received s
ouls in the afterlife, and are invoked
together in religious inscriptions. Had
es by contrast had few temples and
religious practices associated with hi
m, and is portrayed as the dark and
violent abductor of Persephone.
Greek text of the Odyssey's opening passage
About odyssey
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Odyssey (Greek ΟΔΥΣΣΕΙΑ Odýsseia) Is the one of the most impor
tant of the two ancient Greek epic.(Another is the "Iliad", collectiv
ely the "Homer") "Odyssey," a continuation of the "Iliad," the stor
y, according to legend made for the blind poet Homer. This epic is
the Foundation of Western literature, and is in addition to "Epic o
f Gilgamesh" and the "Iliad" outside the oldest works of Western li
terature. Generally believed that in the 8th century BC, Ionian, na
mely Greece, Anatolia coastal areas "Odyssey" creation.
Hades in Odyssey
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Since then with Poseidon against him, all the way to stir up trouble, deliberatel
y harm. They fled to the island of Aeolus, Aeolus gave them a bag, you can put
all the headwinds are loaded into it, so will be able to smooth sailing home. Une
xpectedly fast driving home when the ship, sailors thought was inside pocket tre
asure, when Odysseus sleeping bag open, the results and the brightest Aeolus Im
mediately sped to the Aeolian Islands blowing them again. Aeolus again refused t
o help them, and they let the boat drift to the giant island. People who live he
re with giant boulders fleet sank 11 boats, but also fiercely with harpoon to capt
ure a drowning man to eat. Odysseus were riding because there is no dock ship s
urvived, he led the sailors came to the island witch Cameroon ear grams, grams
Cameroon ear to some of his companions into a pig, because of God's protection
_odysseus defeated the witch, and by witch hospitality. To inquire about the roa
d home, he traveled to the underworld with the help of witch next, that his fu
ture from the Prophet's prophecy Aspen Intuit Ricci.
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Then Odysseus encountered many old comrades of the dead, and the specter of c
onversations with Ajia door Lennon, Achilles. Then they continued to sail smoothl
y through the seductive demon with singing Bird Island. When the sea where fan
tasy Scylla and Charybdis maelstrom elapsed from Odysseus has lost six companio
ns. God in the day on the island, due to warnings companion regardless of Odyss
eus, slaughtered cattle eat God, angered Zeus, Zeus Thunder ferry sank. Most p
eople have died, and he was rushed to Calypso's island alone, and was placed unde
r house arrest for seven years.
Iliad
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The Iliad (/ˈɪliəd/;[1] sometimes referred to as the Song of Ilion or Song of Ilium) is an a
ncient Greek epic poem in dactylic hexameter, traditionally attributed to Homer. Set duri
ng the Trojan War, the ten-year siege of the city of Troy (Ilium) by a coalition of Greek
states, it tells of the battles and events during the weeks of a quarrel between King Aga
memnon and the warrior Achilles.
Although the story covers only a few weeks in the final year of the war, the Iliad mentio
ns or alludes to many of the Greek legends about the siege; the earlier events, such as th
e gathering of warriors for the siege, the cause of the war, and related concerns tend to
appear near the beginning. Then the epic narrative takes up events prophesied for the fut
ure, such as Achilles' looming death and the sack of Troy, prefigured and alluded to more
and more vividly, so that when it reaches an end, the poem has told a more or less comp
lete tale of the Trojan War.
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The Iliad is paired with something of a sequel,
the Odyssey, also attributed to Homer. Along
with the Odyssey, the Iliad is among the oldest
extant works of Western literature, and its wri
tten version is usually dated to around the eigh
th century BC. Recent statistical modelling base
d on language evolution has found it to date to
760–710 BC.In the modern vulgate (accepted v
ersion), the Iliad contains 15,693 lines; it is wr
itten in Homeric Greek, a literary amalgam of I
onic Greek and other dialects.
Trojan War
Hades and Cerberus, in Meyers
Konversationslexikon, 1888
video
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=DAKqfJN8gKs
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https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=SnU0XJ4d_xg
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All from 《 Clash of the Titans 》
source
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http://
www.swide.com/art-culture/greek-mythology-10-facts-to-know-about-hades-god-of-the-unde
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hades
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http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ilia