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Name: ______________________
Date: _______________________
Mixtures &
Separation
Techniques
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Decantation
Dilute
Distillation
Distillate
Filtrate
Filtration
Heterogeneous mixture
Homogeneous mixture
Immiscible
Insoluble
Pure substances
Purification
Sedimentation
Soluble
Solution
Solvent
Suspension
Turbidity
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 2
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Recap
1. Give four possible signs that a chemical change happened.
a. ___________________________________________
b. ___________________________________________
c. ___________________________________________
RECAP
d. ___________________________________________
2. State whether each item is an example of a physical (P) or
chemical (C) change. Use C or P in your answers.
a. Dissolving salt in water
_____
b. Leaves changing colours in the fall
_____
c. Mercury rising in a thermometer
_____
d. Breaking glass
_____
e. Cutting paper
_____
f. Burning wood
_____
g. Sanding a piece of wood
_____
h. Boiling water
_____
i. Dough rising when baking bread
_____
j. Freezing water
_____
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 3
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THE SITUATION…
You have been investigating changes and organization in matter in
order to help you purify contaminated water samples for Green
youth.
You have already studied physical and chemical changes. Today
you will be looking at mixtures and separation techniques.
Three are many ways in which mixtures
can be separated. Some separation
techniques are very fast and others
require a lot of time.
You will be given 2 different procedures to follow. You can make
changes if you think the procedure can be improved upon.
Remember to record any changes you make.
Clean-up has started at several
sites; however, much more
work still needs to be done.
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 4
THE SITUATION
There are over 595
abandoned mining
sites in Nunavik.
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EXPERIMENT
Experimental Method

I observe.

I develop a research question.

I define the variables.

I experiment.

I collect the data.

I analyze my results and present them.
I observe:
Matter can either be a pure substance or a mixture.
Mixtures can either be homogeneous or
heterogeneous.
Mixtures can be separated using various techniques.
Sedimentation, decantation,
filtration and distillation are
the commonly used rapid
separation techniques.
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 5
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I develop a research question:
I define the variables:
Your experiment involves purifying a water sample
using two different separation techniques.
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 6
EXPERIMENT
“Can you purify a contaminated
water mixture using separation
techniques?”
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TEACHER DIRECTED NOTES
Pure Substances and Mixtures
ROOT WORDS:
What does “homo” mean?
What does “hetero” mean?
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 7
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 Matter can either be a ________________ or
a ______________.
Examples:
 A mixture can either be _______________ or
_____________.
Drawing
Homogeneous
mixture
Description
Examples:
Drawing
Heterogeneous
mixture
Description
Examples:
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 8
TEACHER DIRECTED NOTES
Drawing
Pure
Substance
Description
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The Separation of Mixtures
TEACHER DIRECTED NOTES
SEDIMENTATION:
EXAMPLES:
DECANTATION:
EXAMPLES:
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 9
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EXAMPLES:
DISTILLATION:
EXAMPLES:
Other notes:
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 10
TEACHER DIRECTED NOTES
FILTRATION:
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I Experiment
Procedure:
EXPERIMENT
Below are the proposed procedures for this
experiment. If you change the procedure,
make sure you note the changes.
Experiment 1: Filtration
1. Attach the clamp to retort
stand.
2. Fold the filter paper to fit the filter funnel.
3. Place the filter paper in the
funnel.
4. Secure the filter funnel using the
clamp of the retort stand.
5. Place the 250 ml beaker
underneath the funnel to collect
the solution.
6. Carefully pour 100 ml of the “contaminated water
sample” into the filter.
7. Record all your observations.
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 11
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Experiment 2: Distillation
2. Place the stopper tube
assembly on the flask ensuring that the delivery
tube is supported by a retort stand.
3. Place the 100 ml beaker underneath the open
end of the tube to collect the distillate.
4. Turn on the hot plate and heat the flask.
5. Turn off the hot plate when all the liquid of the
solution is gone from the flask.
6. Record all your observations.
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 12
EXPERIMENT
1. Place the filtrate solution
obtained from experiment
1 into the 100 ml flask
and add some anti-bump
granules.
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RESULTS (I collect my data)
Use the table below to record the results of your experiments.
Experiment 1: Filtration
Properties
Before Filtration
After Filtration
Colour of solution
EXPERIMENT
Turbidity
(high or low)
Presence of suspended
particles
Experiment 2: Distillation
Properties
Before Distillation
After Distillation
Colour of solution
Turbidity
(high or low)
Presence of
suspended particles
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 13
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I analyze my results and present them.
2. Do you think that the distillate is now pure water? Explain
why or why not.
3. Which two separation techniques were used to purify the
contaminated water sample?
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 14
ANALYSIS
1. Do you think that the filtrate is now pure water? Explain
why or why not.
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REFLECTION ACTIVITY
Fill in the blanks with one of the words suggested
in the brackets.
a.
I think that the best method to remove large
floating particles is __________________
(sedimentation, filtration, decantation, distillation).
These particles are said to be ________________
(insoluble, soluble, immiscible, in suspension).
b.
___________________ (Sedimentation, Filtration,
Decantation, Distillation) may remove invisible
particles. These particles are said to be
__________________ (insoluble, soluble,
immiscible, in suspension) in water.
c.
For example: The pulp in orange juice and the spices
in Italian salad dressing can be separated using
____________________ (sedimentation, filtration,
decantation, distillation).
d.
The sugar in maple syrup and the minerals in sea
water can be separated using
____________________ (sedimentation, filtration,
decantation, distillation).
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 15
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Review Questions
Description
1. Gently pouring off a liquid
from its sediment
2. Separation technique which
uses porous paper
3. Separation technique based
on the different boiling points
of substances
4. Separation of the particles
of a mixture by the
formation of a deposit at the
bottom of the container when
the mixture is at rest
Term
a) filtration
b) distillation
c) sedimentation
d) decantation
e) suspension
Answers: 1._____, 2.______, 3._____, 4.______
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 16
REVIEW QUESTIONS
1. Match each description with a term. Write your
answers in the space below.
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REVIEW QUESTIONS
2. Match each description with a term. Write your answers
in the space below.
Description
1. A substance which can dissolve
another substance
2. A mixture composed of very fine
particles visible to the naked eye and
dispersed in the solvent
3. Composed of a solvent and solute
4. The substance dissolved by the
solvent
5. A substance composed of only one
kind of particles
6. A substance made up of at least two
kinds of particles
7. A solution which contains the
maximum possible amount of solute
for a given temperature
8. The place where solute particles fit
when they are dissolved by a solvent
9. Name given to visible particles of a
heterogeneous mixture
10.
A mixture made of very fine
particles which are indefinitely
suspended and cannot be discerned
with the naked eye
a)
b)
c)
d)
e)
f)
g)
h)
i)
j)
k)
Term
pure substance
solute
saturated
suspension
solution
mixture
solvent
space between
particles
phase
colloid
residue
Answers: 1._____, 2._____, 3._____, 4._____, 5._____
6._____, 7._____, 8._____, 9._____, 10._____
Mixtures and Separation Techniques - Page 17