Name__________________________________________________________ Date ________________
Chapter 4
Reading Organizer
Student Version
Note: the Reading Organizer has weighted scoring. Any question with the word explain or define in it is
expected to have a longer answer and is worth two points each.
After completion of this chapter, you should be able to:
•
•
•
•
•
•
•
Configure a router to route between multiple directly connected networks
Describe the primary functions and features of a router.
Explain how routers use information in data packets to make forwarding decisions in a small to medium-sized
business network.
Explain the encapsulation and de-encapsulation process used by routers when switching packets between
interfaces
Compare ways in which a router builds a routing table when operating in a small to medium-sized business
network.
Explain routing table entries for directly connected networks.
Explain how a router builds a routing table of directly connected networks.
4.0 Routing Concepts
1. When the source IP and destination IP addresses are on different networks, what device is required to
deliver the Ethernet frame?
4.1 Initial Configuration of a Router
2. Define the following terms:
a. Physical topology –
b. Logical topology –
c. Speed –
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d. Cost –
e. Security –
f. Availability –
g. Scalability –
h. Reliability –
3. Communication between networks would not be possible without a _________________________
determining the best path to the destination and forwarding traffic to the next router along that path.
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4. Explain the four different types of router memory, the volatility, and examples of what is stored in each.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
c. _________________________________ -
d. _________________________________ -
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5. Label the router components.
6. A router receives an IP packet on one interface. What happens next?
7. The primary functions of a router are to:
a.
b.
8. What does a router use to determine the best path to use to forward a packet?
9. Explain in excruciating detail what happens when a router receives a packet.
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10. Routers support three packet-forwarding mechanisms. List and fully explain each.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
c. _________________________________ -
11. Match the following router memory types with the correct functions.
IOS and System Files
NVRAM
Running Configuration
Flash
Startup Configuration
ROM
Diagnostics and Boot Instructions
RAM
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12. To enable network access, devices must be configured with IP address information. List and define the
three components that are necessary to connect to a network.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
c. _________________________________ -
13. What happens when a host sends a packet to a device that is on the same IP network?
14. What happens when a host sends a packet to a device on a different IP network?
15. Where is the default gateway usually located?
16. What is the Gateway of Last Resort?
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17. When designing a new network or mapping an existing network, what should the documentation identify?
a.
b.
c.
d.
18. Two useful network documents are listed below explain what each document should include.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
19. A host can be assigned IP address information two ways. List and explain each.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
20. Most network interfaces have one or two LED link indicators next to the interface. What do the following
scenarios indicate?
a. Green LED –
b. Blinking green LED –
c. The link light is not on –
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21. What is indicated by an amber light on a switch?
22. What are three Terminal emulation software’s you can use to access a router?
a.
b.
c.
23. What type of cable is required to connect with a router if you are using the computers USB port to connect
with the router’s console port?
24. How many console connections will a Cisco router support at one time?
25. Using the routers IP address, what remote management tools can the network administrator use to connect to the
device?
a.
b.
c.
d.
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26. Based on the information supplied fill in the correct addresses for each device.
27. When configuring a Cisco switch or router, What are the basic tasks should be performed first?
a.
b.
c.
28. How many characters can a port description be?
29. IPv6 interfaces will typically have more than one IPv6 address. What addresses will this include?
a.
b.
30. Explain in detail what happens when the router is configured using the ipv6 unicast-routing
global configuration command.
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31. Why is the loopback interface useful in testing and managing a Cisco IOS device?
32. There are several show commands that can be used to verify the operation and configuration of an
interface. List and explain three commands that are especially useful to quickly identify an interface status.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
c. _________________________________ -
33. List two commands that are used to gather more detailed interface information.
a.
b.
34. List the IPv6 commands used to verify interface configuration.
a.
b.
c.
d.
35. Use the ________________________________________ command to specify the number of
lines to be displayed. A value of 0 (zero) prevents the router from pausing between screens of output.
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36. Filtering commands can be used to display specific sections of output. Explain how this is accomplished.
37. List and explain the filtering parameters that can be configured after the pipe.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
c. _________________________________ -
d. _________________________________ -
38. By default, command history is enabled and the system captures the last ___________ command lines in
its history buffer.
39. Which command can you use to increase the number of command lines that the history buffer records
during the current terminal session only?
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4.2 Routing Decisions
40. What are the three steps a router does with a packet received from one network and destined for
another network?
Step 1 –
Step 2 –
Step 3 –
41. IPv4 uses an ARP request process to learn the MAC address of another host. What processes does IPv6 address
resolution use?
a.
b.
42. Write in the correct MAC and IP addresses.
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43. Write in the correct MAC and IP addresses.
44. The routing table search results in one of three path determinations. List and explain these.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
c. _________________________________ -
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45. The best path is selected by a routing protocol based on the value or metric it uses to determine the
distance to reach a network. What is a metric?
46. Which is better, a high metric or a low metric?
47. List the most common dynamic routing protocols.
a.
b.
c.
48. What happens if a routing table has two or more paths with identical metrics to the same destination
network?
49. What is this load sharing process called?
50. Which routing protocol supports unequal cost load balancing?
51. Is it possible for a router to be configured with multiple routing protocols and static routes?
52. Cisco IOS uses what is known as the administrative distance (AD) to determine the route to install into the
IP routing table. Explain this.
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53. List the correct Administrative distance for each routing source.
Directly Connected
Static
EIGRP
OSPF
RIP
___________
___________
___________
___________
___________
4.3 Routing Operation
54. The routing table of a router stores information about two different types of routes. List and explain each.
a. _________________________________ -
b. _________________________________ -
55. What is a routing table?
56. List the different types of entries in the routing table?
a.
b.
c.
d.
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57. The sources of the routing table entries are identified by a code. The code identifies how the route was
learned. Explain what the following codes identify.
L–
C–
S–
D–
O–
58. Label the routing table entry below.
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59. Based on the information below correctly assign the routing table entry.
60. Before the interface state is considered up/up and added to the IPv4 routing table, the interface must:
a.
b.
c.
61. An active, properly configured, directly connected interface actually creates two routing table entries.
What does the C and L route source codes mean.
CL-
62. What is the purpose of the show ipv6 route command?
63. Explain how do static routes differ from dynamically learned routes?
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64. What are the benefits of using static routes?
a.
b.
65. What is the main disadvantage to using static routes?
66. What are the two common types of static routes in the routing table?
a.
b.
67. What is the purpose of a default static route?
68. What is another name for a default route?
69. Explain what Network Discovery is.
70. When are routers converged?
71. How can you determine which routing protocols are supported by the IOS?
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72. What does an IP route entry beginning with D*EX mean?
73. Support for dynamic IPv6 routing protocols is dependent on what two things?
a.
b.
74. To enable IPv6 routers to forward traffic, what must you configure?
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