Department stores in China
November 2013
Table of Contents
!
Introduction
3
Market overview
4
Competitive landscape
10
Major headwinds and challenges
14
Key highlights
19
Conclusion and implications
31
Appendix: Store location of major department stores in China
34
Department stores in China 2013
Introduction
2013 has, so far, been another difficult year for China’s department store sector. Major
department store operators witnessed a significant slowdown in sales last year, and
growth should continue to slow over the coming year. The fierce competition from
shopping malls, specialty stores and online retailers is key. At the same time, the
concessionary model provided by many department store operators has led to poor
differentiation in the market, making it harder for operators to compete with retailers in a
variety of segments.
To survive in a highly competitive marketplace, some department store operators are
working hard to differentiate themselves. Major initiatives include enhancing in-store
experiences by launching new service offerings and incorporating more entertainment
elements and catering services. These also include refining market strategies and
segmentation in the market, developing private labels and increasing the proportion of
direct sales, while building synergies across various sales channels.
In this report, we take an overview of China’s department store sector and assess the
competitive landscape. There is also a review of the sector’s major challenges and latest
developments.
"
Market overview
#
Department stores in China 2013
Department store sales growth slackens off over 2012
Relatively weak economic sentiment, changing consumer shopping behavior and fierce
competition led to significant sales slowdowns for department stores in 2012. According
to China’s National Bureau of Statistics (NBS), total sales revenues for department
stores grew 0.8% to 325.2 billion yuan in 2012. Growth rates for sales declined by 20
percentage points (ppts) as compared with 2011 (see Exhibit 1).
Exhibit 1: Department store total sales revenues, 2003-2012
billion yuan
%
Source: National Bureau of Statistics of China
China Commerce Association for General Commerce 1 also reported that its 81
department store members’ total sales increased by 8.9% year-on-year (yoy) to 228.3
billion yuan in 2012 (see Exhibit 2); the growth rate was far lower than the average annual
growth rate of 16.5% recorded between 2006 and 2011.
Exhibit 2: Performance by 81 department store members of the China
Commerce Association for General Commerce, 2011-2012
2011
2012
yoy changes %
Total sales of goods (million yuan)
209,586.0
228,274.5
8.9
Operational income (million yuan)
19,742.3
20,717.8
4.9
Operational expenses (million yuan)
19,991.8
22,062.5
10.4
6,403.7
6,010.7
-6.1
3.9
3.1
-20.2
12,926,749
14,084,062
9.0
Total profits (million yuan)
Profit margins
Operational area (sqm)
Source: China Commerce Association for General Commerce
1 Source: 2012 China Department Store Report
$
At the same time, it is believed that the new Chinese leadership’s eagerness to curb
government spending on luxury items has slowed gift-giving and posed a negative
impact on sales of high-end department stores.
Most department stores operate under a concessionary model
Currently, most department stores in China
adopt a concessionary business model. They
lease designated store areas to concessionaires
a n d re c e i v e a p e rc e n t a g e o f t o t a l s a l e s
proceeds from such arrangements.
Exhibit 3 shows concessionary rates for selected
department store operators. These have been
falling over recent years, particularly so in 1H13.
This was due partly to the fact that sales in
product categories carrying lower concessionary
rates – such as gold and jewellery – grew faster than those in other categories for 1H13;
there has also been an adjustment to accommodate new stores that command lower
rates or offer more promotional activities.
Exhibit 3: Concessionary rates for selected department stores, 2011-1H13
2011
2012
1H13
Golden Eagle
19.6%
18.6%
17.2%
Intime
17.2%
17.4%
17.3%
New World
18.5%
17.0%
17.8%
Parkson
18.7%
18.4%
17.6%
Source: Company annual reports and interim reports
By operating under the concessionary model, department store operators do not involve
themselves in brand operations and only control brand selection to a limited extent.
Furthermore, as department store operators rely on popular and major brands to attract
pedestrian traffic, the merchandise mix is poorly differentiated.
As shown in Exhibit 4, about 90% of selected department stores’ gross sales were
generated from concessionary deals; most attract only limited direct sales from
proprietary brands and brands which were directly purchased. Having said that, some
players have started to develop their own private labels, hoping that this will help increase
product differentiation.
%
Department stores in China 2013
Exhibit 4: Sales breakdown of selected department stores, 2012
Source: Company annual reports
#Note: Direct sales, concessionary sales, rental income and other income as a % of total gross sales
processed; other income includes management fees and rentals
Stores engaged in multiple formats, tapping other business
sectors
Competition in China’s department store market is fierce, and
many department store operators are seeking to diversify
their income streams. Many players among the top 100 retail
chain operators (the “Top 100s”) in 2012 operate in other
retail formats that include supermarkets, convenience stores,
specialty stores, shopping malls and discount outlets.
At the same time, some have also tapped into other business
sectors such as food and beverage, commercial property,
logistics, finance, hotels and entertainment. For instance,
Dalian Dashang Group runs a specialist wine retailing business
and has over 100 chain stores located in cities in Liaoning,
Heilongjiang, Henan, Shandong, Sichuan, Shanxi, Guangxi provinces2 The group also
opened a movie theatre chain business in 2011 and its cinemas can be found in major
cities across the north-eastern part of China. Another example is Liaoning Xinglong
Big Family Business Group. It operates a holiday resort business in Panjin, Liaoning
province3. Shanghai Friendship Group Incorporated Company also owns Home Mart, a
home improvement chain retailer4.
It is noteworthy that when compared with foreign players, domestic department store
operators are more flexible in running other retail formats. Exhibit 5 shows the top 40
department store operators in 2012.
2 http://dsnew100.com/company2-2.php
3 http://www.xinglongstore.com/cyqyjj.asp?news_id=71756
4 http://www.shfriendship.com.cn/introductOrg.asp
&
Exhibit 5: Top 40 department store operators, 2012
Enterprise
Shanghai Friendship Group Incorporated Company*
Sales value
(million yuan)
57,000.0
2
Dalian Dashang Group Co., Ltd.*
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
Ranking
1
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
Total
yoy
change
3.6%
Number of
stores 2012
49
37,275.0
4.7%
170
Chongqing Department Store Co.,Ltd.
Yingzuo Group
Changchun Eurasia Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing Wangfujing Department Store (Group) Co., Ltd.
Rainbow Department Store Co., Ltd.
Parkson Retail Group Ltd.
Jiangsu Wenfeng Great World Chain Store Development Co., Ltd.
Golden Eagle Retail Group Limited
Hefei Department Store Group Co., Ltd.
33,399.7
32,031.2
24,145.0
21,574.4
20,373.5
19,723.6
19,490.6
18,669.2
16,900.0
11.5%
16.3%
21.3%
7.4%
7.5%
20.1%
0.8%
13.6%
14.2%
286
104
58
28
59
48
995
28
190
Zhenghua Group
Intime Department Store (Group) Co., Ltd.
New World Department Store China Ltd.*
Beijing Capital Retailing Group Co., Ltd.
Maoye International Holdings Ltd.
Beijing Caishikou Department Store Co., Ltd.*
Liaoning Xinglong Big Family Business Group
16,425.7
16,308.7
16,000.0
14,374.3
12,948.7
12,700.0
12,518.1
-8.2%
19.3%
3.2%
4.4%
24.1%
8.9%
11.2%
109
30
39
17
39
15
30
Zhengzhou Dennis Department Store Co., Ltd.
Wanda Department Store Co., Ltd.
Shijiangzhuang Beiguo Group (department store part)
Anhui Commercial Capital Co.,Ltd.
Guangzhou Grandbuy Co., Ltd.
Liqun Group Co.,Ltd (department store part)
Hunan Friendship and Apollo Co., Ltd.
Nanjing Central Emporium Group Stocks Co., Ltd.
PCD Stores (Group) Ltd.*
Jinan Hualian Commercial Group
Wuhan Zhongnan Commercial Group Co.,Ltd
Beijing Cuiwei Plaza Shopping Center
Charter Group Holdings Limited
Handan Sunshine Department Store (Group) Co., Ltd.
Guangzhou Friendship Group Co., Ltd.
Beijing Shunyi Guotai Commercial Building
Xinyulou Department Store Group Co., Ltd.*
Xiongfeng Group Co., Ltd.
Guangxi Nancheng Stores Joint-stock Co., Ltd.
Nanning Department Store Co. Ltd.
Shirble Department Store Holdings (China) Ltd.
JiaHua Stores Holdings Ltd.
12,200.0
11,178.3
11,054.1
10,992.9
10,569.8
8,858.5
7,440.6
6,800.0
6,340.7
6,113.3
5,770.2
5,556.6
5,280.0
5,212.0
4,911.8
4,618.5
4,200.0
3,295.3
3,262.5
3,060.0
2,389.4
2,093.8
543,055.7
13.0%
61.3%
24.6%
5.0%
13.5%
10.7%
19.4%
23.6%
12.7%
11.1%
8.2%
2.6%
10.0%
13.1%
-1.7%
2.4%
11.1%
15.0%
8.6%
15.1%
-7.8%
-2.8%
10.3%
144
57
198
65
30
35
8
8
16
26
9
6
4
132
6
14
21
143
31
9
22
12
3290
Source: CCFA, company websites, company annual reports, modified by Fung Business Intelligence Centre
'
*Estimated by CCFA
Department stores in China 2013
yoy
change
14.0%
Supermarket
!"
0.0%
!
5.5%
15.6%
16.0%
12.0%
15.7%
4.3%
0.5%
7.7%
2.2%
!
Other retailing format
Shopping
Electronic
Convenience
mall specialty store Outlet
store
!
!
!
!
!"
!
!
!
!
Other major
operating business
Trading; Restaurant;
Home improvement;
Retailing
Restaurant; Cinema;
HOPSCA
"
!
!
!
!
Hotel; Wine; Property
development
!
11.2%
3.4%
0.0%
0.0%
2.6%
25.0%
0.0%
!
!
!
!
!
45.5%
42.5%
48.9%
6.6%
3.4%
6.1%
14.3%
14.3%
23.1%
8.3%
-10.0%
20.0%
33.3%
9.1%
0.0%
0.0%
16.7%
10.9%
14.8%
0.0%
29.4%
-36.8%
8.4%
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Trading; Restaurant;
Home improvement;
Retailing; Trading;
Commercial property; Hotel
!
!
!
!
!
!
Commercial property
!
!
Hotel
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
!
Place of origin
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Malaysia
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Hong Kong
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
Chinese Mainland
(
Competitive landscape
)*
Department stores in China 2013
Domestic players
Region-focused with strong local support
Most domestic department store operators are regional players, and they generally have
a better understanding of local consumers’ needs and stronger connections with local
suppliers and distributors. Moreover, many are state-owned and can obtain valuable
support from local governments.
…but some are seeking to widen their footprints
Having said that, some domestic department store players have been actively widening
their footprint over recent years. Wangfujing Department Store is a case in point. As of
June 2013, Wangfujing operated a total of 30 stores in China covering two municipalities
and 14 provinces. Intime Department Store, on the other hand, has announced plans to
open more stores in tier 3 and 4 cities across the country.
Foreign players
Expanding at a slower pace
Foreign department stores have been involved in the China market for many years and
have developed wider national footprint. Compared with domestic players, foreign stores
have not been doing well over recent years; some have either had to suspend aggressive
expansion plans and focus on revamping existing stores or close unprofitable stores and
withdraw from certain cities (see Exhibit 6). Increasing pressure from domestic players, a
lack of understanding of consumer needs and inadequate product differentiation are the
major reasons behind poor performances.
))
Exhibit 6: Selected examples of foreign department store closures
Department
Store
Store location
City
Closing date Opening date
Isetan
Taiyuan Street branch
Shenyang
Jun-13
2008
Ito-Yokado
Wangfujing branch
Beijing
Jan-13
Nov-05
New World
Taizhou branch
Taizhou, Jiangsu
Nov-12
Jan-09
Ningbo branch
Ningbo, Jiangsu
Feb-12
Nov-04
AEON
Chaoyang branch
Beijing
Mar-12
Jun-10
Parkson
Shijiazhuang branch
Shijiazhuang, Hebei
Aug-13
2008
Dashizi branch
Guiyang
Jun-13
2000
Jinfenghuang branch
Guiyang
Dec-12
2008
Hongqiao branch
Shanghai
Aug-12
Dec-02
Source: News reports and company websites
… and with different approaches …
On the other hand, as Chinese consumers are becoming more sophisticated – especially
those in key cities – a number of foreign department store operators are keen to tap the
China market. To differentiate from existing players, the new ones are offering more innovative
and personalised shopping experiences and bringing in new products and brands.
For instance, Galeries Lafayette unveiled its first flagship store in Beijing in September
2013. Over 50% of the brands available in the store were introduced to China for the
first time, and some of the merchandise is exclusively owned by the Beijing store.
Galeries Lafayette also offers a free personal shopper service.
Another example is Lane Crawford. After failing to succeed in China seven years ago,
the high-end department store operator re-entered the mainland market by opening a
flagship store in Shanghai in September 2013. The new store sells a host of fashionable
products from apparel and lifestyle to cosmetics and home ware. To cater to more
discerning customers, Lane Crawford has put in place personal concierges on each floor
with a team of 65 personal stylists, trying to keep turn the business around.
)!
Department stores in China 2013
Exhibit 7 shows the store location for selected domestic and foreign department stores in
China.
Exhibit 7: Store location for selected department store operators in China
Wangfujing Department Store
New World Department Store
Rainbow Department Store
Parkson Department Store
Intime Department Store
Golden Eagle Department Store
Source: Company websites, complied by Fung Business Intelligence Centre
)"
Major headwinds and challenges
)#
Department stores in China 2013
Poor differentiation remains a major concern
Many department store operators have realised that relying largely on concessionary
sales has led to poor market differentiation. However, most are still reluctant to change
since under their concessionary model operators can reduce inventory risks and minimise
efforts to source their merchandise; brand owners and distributors will be attracted to
them and compete for the best in-store locations.
Cost pressure undermines players’ profitability
All department store operators face the challenge of rising operating costs. A survey
conducted by CCFA and Deloitte 5 revealed that all 43 sampled department store
operators encountered rising cost pressures, with rentals, labour costs and utility fees
increasing by 17.3%, 14.8% and 18.6% respectively in 2012 (see Exhibit 8).
Exhibit 9 shows the cost components of the sampled department stores. Labour costs
constituted department stores’ highest expenditure, followed by rentals and utility fees.
Exhibit 8: Annual operational expense of sampled department stores
million yuan
%
Source: CCFA and Deloitte: China Power of Retailing 2013
5 CCFA and Deloitte: China Power of Retailing 2013
)$
Exhibit 9: Cost composition of the sampled department stores
Source: CCFA and Deloitte: China Power of Retailing 2013
Increasing competition from counterparts in other retail segments
Department stores have been facing tougher competition
from retailers in other retail segments such as online retailing,
hypermarkets and discount outlets, as many Chinese
consumers still view the price of goods as their number one
priority. In particular, the rising popularity of online shopping
poses an increasing threat to department store players.
According to iResearch, the total transaction value of online
retailing rose to 454.8 billion yuan in 3Q2013, up 42.4% yoy,
and accounting for 7.8% of China’s total retail sales.
Hence, for certain product categories such as apparel, bags and accessories, consumer
electronics and cosmetics products, department stores serve largely as showrooms for
customers to touch and feel the products before they place an order online.
At the same time, specialty stores increasingly appeal to customers as they can provide
more personalized services and a unique shopping experience. Specialty stores have
been expanding aggressively over recent years, driven primarily by the rapid expansion of
local specialty retailers and an increasing number of international apparel players entering
the China market. Some examples include Topshop, Forever 21 and Hollister. The rise
of this specialty store segment also poses an increasing threat to the overall department
store sector.
)%
Department stores in China 2013
Problems arising from online and offline integration
Threatened by pure “click” retailers, many department store operators have launched
their own online platforms. However, nearly all online players are making a loss. This is
largely attributable to the fact that most traditional department store operators do not
have a powerful enough and transparent database to support their online operations.
In order to capture and analyse consumer data and understand customers’ shopping
preferences, department store operators need to invest considerably more in upgrading
their IT systems. Some industry experts believe that it can cost as much as 1 billion yuan
in the first three months to set up an online infrastructure. Hence, the payback period is
lengthy.
Moreover, since stores’ online and offline channels are often operated by different teams,
conflicts can arise and affect online product choice.
Lack of professional buyers
As mentioned earlier, some department store players are seeking ways to differentiate
themselves; increasing the proportion of private labels and direct sales merchandise
is often the strategy they adopt. A prerequisite is to recruit experienced buyers. This is
certainly a challenge faced by many players.
One example is in the apparel merchandise sector where experienced buyers not
only need to have an in-depth knowledge of fabrics and upcoming fashion trends but
also need good negotiation skills to deal with brand owners and distributors. Usually
it takes at least three years to nurture a junior buyer and around eight years to train a
merchandise manager. However, some department store operators are not willing to
invest the time and money to train their buyers: They worry that the buyers they train will
move to another company in view of the country-wide shortage of experienced in-house
buying personnel.
Impact of anti-gifting policy on department stores is evident
China’s new leadership has increased efforts to curb corruption. The new regulations
prohibit government agencies from purchasing luxury goods for gifting. It is expected that
the government’s anti-gifting campaign will hit the sales of high-end goods and affect the
profitability of high-end department stores.
)&
Furthermore, since a significant percentage of total sales of many Chinese department
stores come through the prepaid card channel, sales of high-end department stores have
already been negatively affected by the regulations put forth by the State Council in 2011;
these require prepaid card issuers to register the identities of customers with purchases
of 10,000 yuan or more. Prepaid card purchases are likely to be deterred by the extra
hurdles that have been imposed. As shown in Exhibit 10, it is notable that same store
sales growth (SSSG) for major department stores has been decelerating since 2011.
Exhibit 10: SSSG for selected department stores
Source: Deutsche Bank
)'
Department stores in China 2013
Key highlights
)(
Enhancing the in-store experience
To survive in a highly competitive market, some
department store operators differentiate themselves
by launching new service offerings and incorporating
more entertainment features and catering services,
hoping to provide a more personalized shopping
experience. Examples include spas, beauty and hair
salons, kid’s playgrounds and lifestyle cafés. Such
offerings are designed to not only attract customers
but keep them in the stores longer.
This type of “department store plus shopping mall”
business model is becoming increasingly popular. For
example, Shimao Department Store has revamped its
store in Fuzhou by reducing its floor area for apparel
retailing from 80% to 20%, and increasing the floor
areas for catering and entertainment to 20% and 60%
respectively 6 . Sogo Department Store in Beijing is
reportedly intending to rent out part of its floor space to
tenants and operate under the shopping mall format7.
Meanwhile, Golden Eagle Department Store is eager
to turn some of its existing stores into“lifestyle” outlets by adding entertainment facilities
such as cinemas and ice-skating rinks, as well as other services amenities such as food
and beverage offerings and children’s educational facilities.
6 http://fj.house.sina.com.cn/news/2013-08-16/084776188.shtml
7 http://www.bjbusiness.com.cn/site1/bjsb/html/2013-10/09/content_230168.htm?div=-1
!*
Department stores in China 2013
Refining market strategies and segmenting the market
Some department store operators have refined their market strategies to cater to
specific customer demographics. For instance, Rainbow Department Store owns two
retail brands: “Rainbow” targets the mass market while “Dream-on” targets high-end
customers. Dalian Dashang has also opened Kingson Department Store to attract trendy
youngsters, while its Mykal Department Store targets the high-end market.
Some industry experts believe that department stores with distinct themes and
positioning, and those with refined strategies will be the clear winners amid intensified
competition.
Developing private labels and
increasing the proportion of direct
sales
Almost every department store operator realises the
importance of increasing the proportion of direct sales
merchandise and developing private brands. Although it
takes times to train a professional buyer and requires a
large investment to develop private labels or launch proprietary brands, some department
store operators are actively working in this direction. It is expected to take a lengthy
period of time to for them to reap the benefits.
F o r e x a m p l e o f p ro j e c t s u n d e r w a y, N e w Wo r l d
Department Store introduced an exclusive lifestyle home
ware collection, LOL (or Love Original Life) in its stores.
Ito Yakado Department Store launched private labels
pbi (or petit bonheur inatendu) ,a apparel collection,
and IYB, a homeware collection in China. Wangfujing
Department Store is reportedly to launch its first
collection of private labels by the end of 2013.
!)
Strengthening merchandise categories
To stand out from competitors, some department
store operators have started to develop
“uniqueness” by focusing on certain categories,
hoping to differentiate themselves and attract
different customer groups. Realising that customers
now pay more attention to home decorations,
Wuhan Zhongbai Commercial Group has teamed
up with home product designers from Japan,
Taiwan and Hong Kong to offer unique collections.
At the same time, eyeing an increasingly elderly population, Guangzhou Guangbai has
launched a comprehensive range of products and services aimed specifically at an older
clientele.
Building synergies across sales channels
Over recent years, department store
players have been facing a growing
threat from pure “click” retailers.
Having said that, many department
store operators believe that both
online platforms and physical stores
can co-exist; customers now not only
go for lower prices but also shopping convenience and experience. Some department
store operators are actively working on online and offline integration plans.
!!
Department stores in China 2013
Department store operators are starting to look more deeply at “omni-channel retailing”,
and trying to pull together multi- and cross- channel offerings, including physical stores,
online platforms, mobile platforms, and social media, in the hope of providing seamless
cross-channel experience for customers.
Intime Department Store is one of the forerunners trying to develop a strategy that can
seamlessly integrate all sales channels while taking into consideration the entire customer
experience. Intime set up its online platform, Yintai.com in late 2010. It has also launched
its flagship store on Tmall, with more than 300 brands and 60,000 SKUs. The retailer
has launched two mobile apps for consumers to shop via their smart phones. Like many
other retailers, Intime is using Sina Weibo9 and WeChat10 to reach out to customers.
To achieve better online and offline integration, Intime shares client database between
the online and offline platforms; it also carries out promotions on the two fronts. Crossutilization of its large VIP customer database enables Intime to provide tailor-made
services for each VIP customer.
Recently, Intime sought to further integrate its online and offline business by forming
a strategic partnership with Tmall,
whereby the retailer participated in
China’s Single Days event 11 . Intime
redecorated and updated its online
store at Tmall and its 35 physical
stores also supported the Single Day’s
event by displaying cartoon boards
demonstrating Tmall image and posters; customers could purchase Intime’s online
products at Tmall by screening product codes when shopping in Intime’s physical stores.
9 A popular Chinese micro-blogging site
10 A multi-media communication mobile phone application which also provide services include social sharing,
gaming, making payment, etc.
11 http://www.intime.com.cn/zgs/2013/20131018gsdt.pdf
!"
Exhibit 11: Multi-channel strategies of selected department stores
Department
store
Physical
store
Brand
proposition
Online
platform
Intime
Mid- to high-end
yintai.com
Online
yintai.tmall.com
Online platform
brand
proposition
High-end to
luxury ; Flash sales
High-end to
luxury ; Flash sales
Marketing and
promotion
Application
Yintai.com
Intime flash sales
Golden Eagle
Mid- to high-end
goodee.cn
Parkson
Mid- to high-end
parkson.com.cn
Mid- to high-end
Zizhong store
Wangfujing
Mid- to high-end
store
wangfujing.com
Mid- to high-end
Wangfujing mobile
Rainbow
Mid- to high-end
tianhong.cn
Mid-end
None
New World
Mid- to high-end
xinbaigo.com
Mid-end
New World mobile
Better Life
Mid- to high-end
None
None
None
Maoye
Mid- to high-end
None
None
None
Source: Company websites, modified by Fung Business Intelligence Centre
!#
Mobile
Goodee mobile
Department stores in China 2013
Social media
Function
Function
Social
media
For mobile purchase
WeChat; Weibo
For mobile purchase
WeChat; Weibo
Provide personalized
and distinguished
service information
Marketing and
promotion
Marketing and
promotion
WeChat; Weibo
WeChat; Weibo
None
WeChat; Weibo
WeChat purchase
For mobile purchase
WeChat; Weibo
Marketing and
promotion;
Making payment
through WeChat
None
WeChat; Weibo
Marketing and
promotion
None
WeChat; Weibo
WeChat purchase
WeChat; Weibo
Marketing and
promotion
Marketing and
promotion
Marketing and
promotion
Marketing and
promotion
Marketing and
promotion
Multi-channel
initiatives
Fully integrate online and
offline stores.
n/a
n/a
Working with IBM to study and
propose how to develop
multi-channel/omni-channel retailing.
Teamed up with Tencent to launch
pre-paid cards to Store allow
customers to top-up and pay with
WeChat accounts for online and
offline purchases.
Teamed up with Tencent to launch
pre-paid cards allowing customers
to pay, refill, accumulate and use
VIP points and receive store
promotions via WeChat accounts.
Launching online platform; planning
to fully integrate online and offline
stores.
Teamed up with Tencent to allow
customers to purchase and pay
online via WeChat accounts and pick
up at offline stores.
!$
M&A activities continue to accelerate
Over recent years, rising numbers of mergers and acquisitions (M&A) between
department store operators have been noted in China. For many players, M&A is a fast
way to expand their footprint and step into other retailing formats. Exhibit 12 lists the
major M&A activities in China’s department store sector over 2012 through 2013.
One prominent case was the acquisition of PCD Stores by Wangfujing Department Store
earlier this year. Wangfujing Department Store acquired PCD Stores, which operates 18
department stores and three discount outlets in China, with a view to expanding market
share and geographical coverage in the country; Wangfujing will now also be able to tap
into a discount outlet retailing format and increase its proportion of self-owned properties.
Exhibit 12: Major M&A deals in China’s department store sector, 2012-2013
Deal
Deal
announcement value
Bidding company
Target company
date
(US$ million)
Beijing Cuiwei Tower Co.,Ltd.
Beijing Modern Plaza;
17-Sep-13
n/a
Beijing Ganjiakou Plaza
New World Department Store
Shanghai Huizi Department Store
16-Oct-13
47
Beijing Wangfujing International
PCD Stores Group., Ltd.
24-Jan-13
257
Century Sunshine Commercial
28-Aug-12
21
15-May-12
1
Commercial Development Co., Ltd.
Baoji Retailing
19.73% of total share
Nanjing Central Emporium (Group)
Lianyungang Central Department
Stocks Co., Ltd.
Store
Source: China Venture; related news reports
!%
Department stores in China 2013
Tier 3 and 4 cities are on the radar of department store players
Lower-tier cities have shown huge growth potential over recent years. According to
McKinsey12, smaller cities with populations of less than 1.5 million will become China’ s
major driving force over the coming years and can form formidable clusters with huge
economic potential. It is estimated that this grouping will contribute 40% of China’s total
urban GDP growth through 2030. McKinsey13 has also forecast that the proportion of
China’s middle class households in Tier 3 and 4 cities will comprise 40% in 2022, up
from 18% in 2002.
Many players have already made forays into tier 3 and 4 cities and will continue to pursue
their aggressive expansion in such cities. For instance, over 80% of Golden Eagle and
Intime’s pipeline stores are located in lower tier cities (Exhibit 13 and Exhibit 14)
Exhibit 13: Golden Eagle Department Store- pipeline stores
Store
Province
Date
Changzhou Jiahong Additional
Jiangsu
2013
Xian
Shaanxi
2013
Nanjing XJK Phase2
iangsu
2014
Kunshan
Jiangsu
2014
Yancheng
Jiangsu
2014
Nantong
Jiangsu
2014
Hefei
Jiangsu
2014
Danyang
Jiangsu
2014-2015
Jiangning (Nanjing)
Jiangsu
2015
Ma’anshan
Anhui
2015
Wujiang
Jiangsu
2015
Xuzhou Additional
Jiangsu
2016
Hexi (Nanjing)
Jiangsu
2016
Suzhou Flagship
Jiangsu
2016
Changzhou #3
Jiangsu
2016
Changzhou #4
Jiangsu
2016
Source: Morgan Stanley, CIMB
12 McKinsey Insights China: What’s Next for China?
13 McKinsey - Mapping China's Middle Class
!&
Exhibit 14: Intime Department Store - pipeline stores
Store
Province
Date
Hangzhou Hubin
Zhejiang
2H 2013
Hangzhou Chengxi
Zhejiang
2H 2013
Tangshan Xinhua phase II
Hubei
2H 2013
Hefei Intime City
Anhui
2H 2013
Haining Intime City
Zhejiang
2H 2013
Huzhou Aishan
Zhejiang
2H 2013
Wuhan Wuluo Intime City
Hubei
2014
Hangzhou Zhongda
Zhejiang
2014
Liuzhou Intime City
Guangxi
2014
Wenzhou Yueqing
Zhejiang
2014
Baotou Gaoxin
Inner Mongolia
2014
Shaoxing Haiman City
Zhejiang
2014
Huzhou Dongwu
Zhejiang
2014
Wenling Intime City
Zhejiang
n/a
Baoji Intime City
Shanxi
n/a
Wuhao Wuluo
Hubei
n/a
Wuhu Intime City
Anhui
n/a
Taizhou Jiaojiang
Zhejiang
n/a
Source: Haitong report, 21 March 2013
In diversification, the shopping mall format is gaining in
popularity
As previously mentioned, many department store operators are diversifying their retail
businesses by engaging in multiple formats. In particular, the shopping mall format is
favoured by department store operators and investors. Some store operators have
started to do this by either actively investing in commercial properties or working with
property developers to develop and operate their own shopping malls. For instance,
Wangfujing Department Store formed a joint venture with Taubman Asia14, a renowned
international real estate player engaged in developing and managing shopping malls,
to develop malls in China; the first project will be located in Xi’an. Intime Department
Store is also actively developing shopping malls, representing nearly 50% of Intime’s
pipeline projects15. The retailer’s latest shopping mall, Yintai City, began trial operations in
September and attracted more than 200,000 shoppers16.
14 http://xa.winshang.com/news-171002.html
15 Haitong research report, 21 March 2013
16 http://news.winshang.com/news-189528.html
!'
Department stores in China 2013
Shopping malls are winning appeal, but the investment boom has led to some
oversupply
Shopping malls are increasingly the preferred places to visit and shop, so many property
developers or department store operators in China are eyeing the commercial property
market. However, the investment boom fuelled by this interest in the sector has led to an
oversupply of shopping malls in certain cities.
According to CBRE17, China was by far the most active shopping mall market in the
world in terms of mall space completed. In 2012, seven cities among the global top 10
most active shopping mall markets are in China (see Exhibit 15 below). Also, among
CBRE’s 180 surveyed cities, half of all shopping centre space under construction is
located in China.
Exhibit 15: Top ten most active shopping centre developments, 2012
Source: CBRE research, April 2013
Note: Cities with more than 100,000 sq m of new shopping centre space in 2012
As indicated in a report18 by Deloitte and CCFA, as at the end of 2011, China had a
total of 2,812 shopping centres open for business, with an aggregate total commercial
building floor space of 177 million sqm. The total commercial building floor space for
shopping malls is expected to reach 250 million sqm by the end of 2013.
Facing intensified competition, many retailers are slowing expansion plans and focusing
on revamping their existing stores. As a result, shopping mall vacancy rates in China
remain high. According to Knight Frank19, in 1H13, the average vacancy rate in China’s
tier 1 cities reached 8.1%, up 0.2ppt yoy; at the same time, the average vacancy rate in
China’s tier 2 cities was 9.7%, a fall of 1.3ppt compared with that of 1H12.
17 CBRE Global Viewpoint, April 2013
18 Mall China Information Centre, Deloitte, China Chain Store and Franchise Association
19 Knight Frank: 1H 2013 China Retail Property Market Watch
!(
Due to the softening retail market, an oversupply of commercial properties is likely to
continue over the coming year and developers will find it difficult to recruit new shopping
mall tenants.
Exhibit 16: Vacancy rates in prime shopping malls in China, 1H13
Source: Knights Frank – 1H 2013 China Retail Market
"*
Department stores in China 2013
Conclusion and implications
")
Competition is fierce in China’s department store sector. To cover this, both existing and
potential department store operators are advised to keep a close eye on the following
issues:
Department store or shopping mall? The content matters
It is observed that when Chinese consumers shop at physical stores, they are generally
looking for a chance to bond with family or friends. Hence, the right proportion of
catering, shopping and entertainment facilities is one of the most important elements
for success. The increasing popularity of shopping malls is partly attributable to their
successful tenant mix. Most feature various retail brands, but now also include a host of
restaurants that offer an international cuisine, cinemas and spas, kids playground, and so
on.
Department store operators are advised to select the tenant mix carefully to maximise
foot traffic.
Supply chain management is a must
Nowadays, more and more department store operators realize the drawbacks of the
concessionary model – low profits, poor differentiation of brands and products, and
low customer loyalty to name but a few. They are now aiming to adopt a differentiated
business model by direct merchandise sales and by launching private labels.
To be successful, department store operators need to have an in-depth knowledge of
supply chain management and build up an enhanced management system. On the one
hand, this allows retailers to source, make order, and arrange delivery with manufacturers
in a more efficient and transparent way when developing their private label products.
On the other hand, a sound supply chain management system also allows department
stores to share inventory and sales information between individual stores, and thus
enables retailers to better assess customer demand for their direct merchandise products
or private labels.
At the end of the day, customer is the king – omni-channel
approaches
Today, Chinese consumers are becoming more discerning and they treasure the
shopping experience more than ever before. At the same time, they are more familiar at
optimizing their shopping experience across different channels, including physical stores,
online platforms and social media. Tech-savvy Chinese consumers prefer to obtain
"!
Department stores in China 2013
product information and peer feedback from Sina Weibo or WeChat prior to buying the
product; they like to shop anytime, anywhere and on any device. After placing the order,
they expect retailers to accept a variety of payment methods. When it comes to product
delivery or refund, they expect this to be done easily. The newly-purchased product is
expected to be delivered to a specified address or picked up at a customer’s preferred
store or pick-up locker; when there is a need for a refund or exchange, they prefer to do
this with minimum effort, by either bringing it back to store of their choice or by having
someone pick up and deliver the product back to the store for them.
To win in today’s highly competitive marketplace, department store operators need
to take account of consumers’ rapidly evolving shopping preferences, and to explore
various aspects of an omni-channel strategy.
Capturing the Big Data
Indeed, omni-channel strategies are likely to work only if department store operators
can seamlessly track and share customers’ shopping habits across all sales channels
in a timely manner. The appropriate use of Big Data allows operators to spot trends
and better adapt to consumers’ changing needs. Moreover, they can adjust product
and service offerings to suit customers’ changing needs. The key is to have in place
an advanced information technology system that can access and share customer
information across all channels.
""
Appendix: Store location of major department stores
City
South
Guangzhou
Shenzhen
Dongguan
Huizhou
Shantou
Zhuhai
Shunde
Zhaoqing
Jieyang
Zhongshan
Heyuan
Maoming
Foshang
Zhanjiang
Conghua
Zengcheng
Guigang
Nanning
Wuzhou
Liuzhou
Yulin
Hechi
Baise
Yizhou
Guigang
Guilin
Xiamen
Fuzhou
Yongan
Jinjiang
Zhangzhou
Putian
Ningde
Quanzhou
East
Shanghai
Hangzhou
Huzhou
Jiaxing
Changshu
Ningbo
Zhoushan
Wenzhou
Jinhua
Cixi
Yiwu
Zhuji
Shengzhou
Shaoxing
Nanjing
Suzhou
Wuxi
Nantong
Lianyungang
Yangzhou
Xuzhou
Jining
Taizhou
Taizhou
Huaian
Yancheng
Changzhou
"#
Province
Shanghai
Friendship
Group
Incorporatd Yinzuo
Company Group
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangdong
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Guangxi
Fujian
Fujian
Fujian
Fujian
Fujian
Fujian
Fujian
Fujian
Changchun
Eurasia
Group
Co., Ltd.
Beijing
Wangfujing
Department
Store
(Group)
Co., Ltd.
Rainbow
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
Golden
Eagle
Retail
Group
Eagle
Hefei
Intime
New World
Department
Department Department
Store Group Zhenghua Store (Group) Store China
Co., Ltd. Group Co., Ltd.
Limited
Beijing
Capital
Retailing
Group
Maoye
International
Holdings
Ltd.
1
26
7
2
6
1
1
1
1
1
2
3
1
1
1
22
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Zhejiang
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Parkson
Retail
Group
Ltd.
Jiangsu
Wenfeng
Great World
Chainstore
Development
Co., Ltd.
4
1
1
1
1
1
10
9
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
4
1
2
2
1
7
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
Beijing
Caishikou
Zhengzhou
Department Liaoning Dennis
Store
Xinglong Department
Co., Ltd. Big Family Store
Department stores in China 2013
in China
Wanda
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
2
Shijiangzhuang
Beiguo
Group
(Department
store part)
Liqun
Anhui
Group
Hunan
Commercial Guangzhou Co.,Ltd
Friendship
Capital
Grandbuy (Department and Apollo
co.,Ltd.
Co., Ltd. store part) Co., Ltd.
Nanjing
Central
Emporium
Group Stocks
Co., Ltd.
PCD
Stores
(Group)
Ltd.*
13
Jinan
Hualian
Commercial
Group
Wuhan
Zhongnan
Commercial
Group
Co.,Ltd
Beijing
Cuiwei
Plaza
Shopping
Center
Charter
Group
Holdings
Limited
Handan
Sunshine
Department
Store (Group)
Co., Ltd.
Guangzhou
Friendship
Group
Co., Ltd.
Xinyulou
Nanning
Department Xiongfeng Department
Store Group Group
Store
Co., Ltd.* Co., Ltd. Co. Ltd.
Shirble
Department
Store
Holdings
(China) Ltd.
JiaHua
Stores
Holdings
Limited
5
14
1
9
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
2
2
5
1
1
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
2
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
"$
City
Suqian
Zhenjiang
Liyang
Jintan
Kunshan
Jiangyin
Taicang
Hefei
Ma'anshan
Bangbu
Tongling
Huangshan
Huainan
Liu'an
Haozhou
Chaohu
Wuhu
Shucheng
Xuancheng
Huoqui
Chuzhou
Chizhou
Ningguo
Suzhou
Wuwei
Yeji
Nanling
Huaibei
North
Beijing
Tianjin
Hohhot
Baotou
Erdos
Taiyuan
Qingdao
Yantai
Weihai
Zibo
Linyi
Jinan
Dongying
Laiwu
Taian
Binzhou
Rizhao
Tengzhou
Anqiu
Weifang
Heze
Xintai
Liaocheng
Xingtai
Qufu
Zhangqiu
Jining
Dezhou
Zaozhuang
Hebi
Leling
Kenli
Niaonan
Jimo
Laizhou
Rongcheng
Jiaozhou
Laixi
"%
Province
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Jiangsu
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Anhui
Shanghai
Friendship
Group
Incorporatd Yinzuo
Company Group
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Inner Mongolia
Shanxi
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Changchun
Eurasia
Group
Co., Ltd.
Beijing
Wangfujing
Department
Store
(Group)
Co., Ltd.
Rainbow
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
Parkson
Retail
Group
Ltd.
Jiangsu
Wenfeng
Great World
Chainstore
Development
Co., Ltd.
Golden
Eagle
Retail
Group
Eagle
1
Hefei
Intime
New World
Department
Department Department
Store Group Zhenghua Store (Group) Store China
Co., Ltd. Group Co., Ltd.
Limited
Beijing
Capital
Retailing
Group
Maoye
International
Holdings
Ltd.
Beijing
Caishikou
Zhengzhou
Department Liaoning Dennis
Store
Xinglong Department
Co., Ltd. Big Family Store
1
1
2
3
7
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
2
1
1
6
4
7
5
2
5
6
3
1
3
3
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
8
13
1
13
5
1
1
1
1
2
2
6
1
5
1
Department stores in China 2013
Wanda
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
Shijiangzhuang
Beiguo
Group
(Department
store part)
Liqun
Anhui
Group
Hunan
Commercial Guangzhou Co.,Ltd
Friendship
Capital
Grandbuy (Department and Apollo
co.,Ltd.
Co., Ltd. store part) Co., Ltd.
Nanjing
Central
Emporium
Group Stocks
Co., Ltd.
PCD
Stores
(Group)
Ltd.*
Jinan
Hualian
Commercial
Group
Wuhan
Zhongnan
Commercial
Group
Co.,Ltd
Beijing
Cuiwei
Plaza
Shopping
Center
Charter
Group
Holdings
Limited
Handan
Sunshine
Department
Store (Group)
Co., Ltd.
Guangzhou
Friendship
Group
Co., Ltd.
Xinyulou
Nanning
Department Xiongfeng Department
Store Group Group
Store
Co., Ltd.* Co., Ltd. Co. Ltd.
Shirble
Department
Store
Holdings
(China) Ltd.
JiaHua
Stores
Holdings
Limited
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
9
5
1
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
"&
City
Wendeng
Penglai
Rushan
Wuan
Fengfeng
Yongnian
Zhucheng
Shexian
Chengyang
Hengtai
Laiwu
Qinghuangdao
Baoding
Shijiazhuang
Tangshan
Wuan
Handan
Zhangjiakou
Gaocheng
Zaoqiang
Zhaoxian
Cangzhou
Jinzhou
Huanghua
Qingxian
Hejian
Lixian
Qianghe
Botou
Diaobingshan
Langfang
Shenyang
Dalian
Anshan
Wafangdian
Jinzhou
Benxi
Dandong
Tieling
Paijin
Fushun
Fuxin
Chaoyang
Yingkou
Huludao
Gaizhou
Xingcheng
Xinmin
Liaoyang
Changchun
Jilin
Yanji
Huichun
Quanyang
Harbin
Shuangyashan
Daqing
Qiqihaer
Qitaihe
Yichun
Mudanjiang
Jixi
Heihe
Tuohua
Jiamusi
Xingji
"'
Province
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Shandong
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Hebei
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Liaoning
Jilin
Jilin
Jilin
Jilin
Jilin
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Helongjiang
Shanghai
Friendship
Group
Incorporatd Yinzuo
Company Group
Changchun
Eurasia
Group
Co., Ltd.
Beijing
Wangfujing
Department
Store
(Group)
Co., Ltd.
Rainbow
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
Parkson
Retail
Group
Ltd.
Jiangsu
Wenfeng
Great World
Chainstore
Development
Co., Ltd.
Golden
Eagle
Retail
Group
Eagle
Hefei
Intime
New World
Department
Department Department
Store Group Zhenghua Store (Group) Store China
Co., Ltd. Group Co., Ltd.
Limited
Beijing
Capital
Retailing
Group
Maoye
International
Holdings
Ltd.
Beijing
Caishikou
Zhengzhou
Department Liaoning Dennis
Store
Xinglong Department
Co., Ltd. Big Family Store
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
1
2
1
1
1
7
1
1
3
5
1
1
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
Department stores in China 2013
Wanda
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
Shijiangzhuang
Beiguo
Group
(Department
store part)
Liqun
Anhui
Group
Hunan
Commercial Guangzhou Co.,Ltd
Friendship
Capital
Grandbuy (Department and Apollo
co.,Ltd.
Co., Ltd. store part) Co., Ltd.
1
1
1
Nanjing
Central
Emporium
Group Stocks
Co., Ltd.
PCD
Stores
(Group)
Ltd.*
Jinan
Hualian
Commercial
Group
Wuhan
Zhongnan
Commercial
Group
Co.,Ltd
Beijing
Cuiwei
Plaza
Shopping
Center
Charter
Group
Holdings
Limited
Handan
Sunshine
Department
Store (Group)
Co., Ltd.
Guangzhou
Friendship
Group
Co., Ltd.
Xinyulou
Nanning
Department Xiongfeng Department
Store Group Group
Store
Co., Ltd.* Co., Ltd. Co. Ltd.
Shirble
Department
Store
Holdings
(China) Ltd.
JiaHua
Stores
Holdings
Limited
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
8
4
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
1
1
2
1
1
2
1
1
1
1
"(
City
Central
Zhengzhou
Luoyang
Xinxiang
Luohe
Xuchang
Xinyang
Kaifeng
Puyang
Jiaozuo
Pingdingshan
Nanyang
Anyang
Shangqiu
Shouguang
Sanmenxia
Wuhan
Ezhou
Xiangyang
Xianning
Suizhou
Xiantao
Jinmen
Huanggang
Shiyan
Xiaogan
Yichang
Changsha
Yueyang
Loudi
Huaihua
Shaoyang
Hongjiang
Jishou
Zhuzhou
Changde
Chenzhou
Ganzhou
Nanchang
West
Chongqing
Chengdu
Dazhou
Mianyang
Leshan
Guangan
Luzhou
Yuechi
Zigong
Guiyang
Liupanshui
Kaili
Renhuai
Qingzhen
Tongren
Bijie
Zuny
Xi’an
Xianyang
Kunming
Lanzhou
Xining
Yinchuan
Urumqi
Total
Province
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Henan
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hubei
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Hunan
Jiangxi
Jiangxi
Sichuan
Sichuan
Sichuan
Sichuan
Sichuan
Sichuan
Sichuan
Sichuan
Guizhou
Guizhou
Guizhou
Guizhou
Guizhou
Guizhou
Guizhou
Guizhou
Shaanxi
Shaanxi
Yunnan
Gansu
Qinghai
Ningxia
Xinjiang
Shanghai
Friendship
Group
Incorporatd Yinzuo
Company Group
Rainbow
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
1
1
Parkson
Retail
Group
Ltd.
Jiangsu
Wenfeng
Great World
Chainstore
Development
Co., Ltd.
Golden
Eagle
Retail
Group
Eagle
Hefei
Intime
New World
Department
Department Department
Store Group Zhenghua Store (Group) Store China
Co., Ltd. Group Co., Ltd.
Limited
1
Beijing
Capital
Retailing
Group
Maoye
International
Holdings
Ltd.
Beijing
Caishikou
Zhengzhou
Department Liaoning Dennis
Store
Xinglong Department
Co., Ltd. Big Family Store
1
3
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
6
1
1
1
1
4
1
2
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
3
1
1
4
1
1
1
25
41
As of November 2013
Source: Company websites
#*
Changchun
Eurasia
Group
Co., Ltd.
Beijing
Wangfujing
Department
Store
(Group)
Co., Ltd.
1
29
2
2
1
61
1
53
3
2
9
25
1
1
1
16
25
37
40
8
21
13
28
9
Department stores in China 2013
Wanda
Department
Store
Co., Ltd.
Shijiangzhuang
Beiguo
Group
(Department
store part)
Liqun
Anhui
Group
Hunan
Commercial Guangzhou Co.,Ltd
Friendship
Capital
Grandbuy (Department and Apollo
co.,Ltd.
Co., Ltd. store part) Co., Ltd.
2
1
Nanjing
Central
Emporium
Group Stocks
Co., Ltd.
PCD
Stores
(Group)
Ltd.*
Jinan
Hualian
Commercial
Group
Wuhan
Zhongnan
Commercial
Group
Co.,Ltd
Beijing
Cuiwei
Plaza
Shopping
Center
Charter
Group
Holdings
Limited
Handan
Sunshine
Department
Store (Group)
Co., Ltd.
Guangzhou
Friendship
Group
Co., Ltd.
Xinyulou
Nanning
Department Xiongfeng Department
Store Group Group
Store
Co., Ltd.* Co., Ltd. Co. Ltd.
Shirble
Department
Store
Holdings
(China) Ltd.
JiaHua
Stores
Holdings
Limited
14
14
1
3
2
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
5
1
1
1
1
2
2
1
1
3
1
1
1
3
1
75
12
16
22
29
7
7
14
4
9
5
4
9
7
15
3
4
#)
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