[Escribir el nombre del autor] FOOD PRO-FIT External communication plan 09 Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO INTRODUCTION: The FOOD PRO-FIT project is a European Project jointly presented by: • Local Health Ministry of the Baleares • • • • • • • Vienna University School of Hotel Management of the Baleares Health Ministry of Cyprus European Business Center of Berlin Regional Development Support Agency of Slovakia European Iniciatives Institute of Poland The region of Crete (Greece) Before the Public Health Directorate-General of the European Union, responding to the third priority: “Health determining factors”, of the announcement of projects for the year 2006, the objective of the Project is to resolve and prevent a health problem that is becoming greater day by day : Obesity and the Overweight. FOOD PRO-FIT is a European Project that is developed at a regional level, whose aim is to improve the nutritional quality of pre-cooked meals and to convert the healthy option into the easiest for the consumers. Taking as its starting point the existence of a mutlifactorial etiology related to obesity it is essential that the actions proposed in this project reach ALL the parties involved in the problem. The awareness-raising of businessmen, consumers and health authorities is the greatest challenge that FOOD PRO-FIT will come across during the starting up period, in the different stages of development. Another of the specific characteristics of FOOD PRO-FIT is its regional character. This means that as well as enriching possibilities, due to the diversity of contributions that it will collect from different socio-cultural realities, it will also require that all the actions or regional strategies can be translated to a local setting, applied by all the partners. The present communication plan establishes the general parameters that will guide the communication strategies to be developed by FOOD PRO- Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO FIT, with the aim of reaching both the general and specific communication objectives. MISSION, VISION AND VALUES OF FOOD PRO FIT: Mission: To involve the main indispensable parties in the obtaining of FOO PRO FIT objectives. - Businessmen: Reformulation of recipes and active participation in the promotion. - Authorities: Institutional support for the actions to undertake - Media: To make them aware of their fundamental role in terms of awareness-raising and the education of citizens, with the aim of preventing this health problem. - Consumers: “Train them” in the adoption of healthier styles. Vision: Those responsible for FOOD PRO FIT will indentify ALL the parties involved and adapt them both to the communication and to other actions at each sector, to assure the greatest success of each partner at a local level. Values: Client orientation and social participation Team work Development of an informatics tool for the analysis of recipes and their reformulation. Rationality and responsibility in the use of the economic-financial resources Innovation and creativity Diversity and complementarity Open to change Active participation of the health authorities, businessmen and means of communication. Contribution of a differential value to food that the reformulation proposal that FOOD PRO FIT adopts. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO To comply with the mission and vision, based on the previously mentioned values, the main strategic objectives of FOOD PRO FIT are: GENERAL OBJECTIVE: - To promote a healthier diet, thanks to the improvement of nutritional quality of the pre-cooked meals in the local/regional setting. For this, support will be given to the SMEs, catering companies, hotels, restaurants, etc.) and will be encouraged to introduce a qualitative change in their products by means of control and reduction of the proportion of specific not so healthy nutrients. SPECIFIC OBJECTIVES: • To evaluate the present situation of the SMEs that make pre-cooked meals from: - To develop, test and install a tool for the small and medium sized food processing and catering companies of a local/regional setting (hotels and restaurants included), as well as analyzing and improving the nutritional quality of the foods acting on certain less healthy nutrients such as, SALT,SUGAR AND SATURATED FATS - To announce the new tool HANCP, as well as the corresponding installation kit, by means of regional activities in the countries that are participating in the Project and evaluate the changes achieved in comparison with the initial situation, the degree of acceptance of these changes amongst the interest groups and the level of consumer satisfaction with respect to the new products –those that are derived from the application of the tools generated in the FOOD PRO-FIT framework. In reference to the external communication strategies the objectives are defined as: GENERAL: - To create awareness of the proposals of FOOD PRO-FIT in consumers, businessmen and Public Health authorities, and in this way motivating them to take an active part in the project in their different roles. - To establish a series of direct and permanent information channels with our public objectives. These channels should allow the necessary feedback for the project research needs. SPECIFICS: Exchange - To reach a high level of penetration and of information exchange with the SMEs that elaborate the pre-cooked meals, with the aim of evaluating their level of awareness of nutritional quality, present legal dispositions, to obtain their position and disposition in relation to the reformulation of recipes and the processes of elaboration. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO - To widely and clearly communicate the characteristics of the HANCP (Hazard Analysis and Nutritional Control Points) as well as the benefits that it could report to the SMEs involved. - To inform the rest of the European population of the results in the pilot stage. - To inform the results of the pilot cases that will serve to determine whether reformulation is possible. - To inform the consumer of the importance of the healthy life style habits. Constructing messages The creation of a convincing message, which precisely and effectively transmits the proposal or the Project mission, is fundamental to the success of a communication campaign. Next, we will analyze the basic concepts to communicate that have to be taken into account for the construction of one or various messages, which will be the main theme on which the communication strategy of FOOD PRO-FIT will be based. Taking into account the regional scope of FOOD PRO-FIT, the construction of the messages to communicate should attend to the codes of each region on which the communication actions have to be developed. On this occasion we will define the FORCE IDEAS, which in each case will give rise to their adaptation to the messages of the communicator. • Obesity is an ever increasing pathology in present societies, and especially in the more developed. • The prevention and implementation of healthy habits are the only solution for a problem of these characteristics. • Obesity is pathology with a wide etiological base, thus all the responsible parties involved in taking decisions in the chain of processing of foods, among others, should actively participate to combat it. • The awareness of the consumer is being “formed” to correct their habits in the face of a more selective and responsible consumption at every level, even where diet is referred to. For this reason it is logical to think that the gastronomic offer should adapt itself to a more responsible and mature consumer in the selection of the quality of their foods. • As well as improving the quality of general life, a positive variation, such as FOOD PRO-FIT proposes in the processes of the elaboration of foods, it will also represent an added commercial value for the pre-cooked meals under these standards. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO • All the companies dedicated to the food elaboration and processing, especially the SMEs, could rely on a system of reformulation of recipes in the face of the FOOD PRO-FIT offer • HANCP is an informatics tool that along with the training those FOOD PRO-FIT offers will give the possibility of carrying out recipe reformulation and transform them into with a FOOD PRO-FIT profile. On the evidence of the force ideas before expressed, they will elaborate the delivered material and the lines of discourse of the responsible parties of the project communication. IDENTIFICATION OF CLIENT OBJECTIVE. In the first place it is indispensable to identify the consignees of the FOOD PRO-FIT message. The definition is simple; in general terms our objectives are those responsible for processes, with the capability to reformulate recipes along the lines of the FOOD PRO-FIT profile, and the final consumers capable of taking the decision to choose products with a FOOD PRO FIT profile. The sectors where we will look for those responsible parties are: • Canal HORECA • Food production sector • Final consumers In short, the consignees of the FOOD PRO-FIT message will be: small and medium sized food producer/ processor companies, Catering companies in a local setting, hotels and restaurants, as well as the final clients. DEFINITION OF THE COMMUNICATION IMPACT PROFILE Even though we recognize the importance of a solid and heterogeneous line of communication for all the consignees of the message, it is also certain that to achieve better results it will be essential to adapt the actions to each sector, and even to each partner country of the project, to the effects of adapting the communication characteristics to the socio-cultural profiles of each country. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO EXTERNAL COMMUNICATION PLAN The structure of the present Communication Plan has various stages: • Situation analysis where the identification of the public objectives of the communication, internal analysis (resources of communication, previous communication background), and the setting analysis are contemplated. • As a result of the description of the analysis of the situation a DAFO matrix has been elaborated that will serve to determine the actions to be carried out. • Strategy definition: formulation of the External Communication Plan • Installation Strategy: definition of communication actions. • Evaluation and follow up: The indicators, auditing plan, and final report have been established. 0) SITUATION ANALYSIS: a. PUBLIC OBJECTIVES As a result of a reflection process previous to the design and installation of the External Communication Plan the following public objectives have been indentified: • Canal HORECA: Hotels, restaurants and Catering service companies. In this group the companies of each partner country that are integrated into the canal will be included. Canal HORECA will be entrusted to facilitate the reformulated dishes to the consumer according to the profiles established in FOOD PRO-FIT Source data: BBDD especially structured for the Project and commercially registered. • Producers of processed foods: Small and medium sized companies dedicated to processing and transforming foods will also be a client object of communication. In this case the objective is to arrive not only to the consumer of the elaborated product, but also to HORECA canal that could use the aforementioned products as prime material in the elaboration of their dishes. Source data: BBDD especially structured for the Project and commercially registered. • Media. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO The media will be included not only as mere “ information transferring channels” but also as true client objectives since the relationship with them will allow an action of “conceptual teaching” on that proposed by FOOD PRO-FIT with the aim of converting them into true players in the project. To the effects of profiling the media plan in each local setting, those that those that are best at spreading the Project’s objectives will be identified. It is recommendable to simultaneously carry out the analysis work and the making up of the media planning in each local setting. • Institutions, local, provincial and autonomic Administration. Autonomic Administration Local Administration Institutional networks of the Autonomic Administration and of the distinct municipals of the companies involved. Others: Devices for social attention, patient associations, consumer associations, neighbor associations, NGO’s. • Academic and scientific community. There exist various types of communication consignees according to the Project interests. The heads of communication to be used for the spreading in this community should be: Local Education Ministry Local Health Ministry UIB. Professional associations: Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Professional Health workers associations of the Autonomous Community Scientific Societies of local and national setting. Professional associations of the sectors involved: tourism, diet, etc. b. INTERNAL ANALYSIS The internal analysis has the following items: • Present organization. • Communication background. • Key persons, present and potential spokesmen When completing a good diagnosis of the internal situation it is relevant to analyze the background of the organization in communicational terms. In the FOOD PRO-FIT project the summary of the external communication history is the following: • There exists a WORK GROUP, which assumes the role of interlocutor with the “object clients” and that elaborates the press notes, coordinates the press conferences, supplies “newsworthy” aspects to the autonomic and local media and produces the material that has been necessary for the communication of the project till the present stage. To date the following actions have been carried out: Printed documents: - Information pamphlet - Pilot information pamphlet - Nutritional pyramid (puzzle) - Nutritional decalogue Web: www.foodprofit.org (In these moments it is in the process of re-designing and updating) Inputs: Questionnaire to 550 consumers and 50 companies (forms: annexes 1 and 2) Press: - Presentation of project Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO - Attendance to the Cuisine Fair with an informative stand Corporate image: Logo (In process the use manual of the same) Within the communication structure there are key persons in aspects related to external communication: NAMES: c. SETTING ANALYSIS Next the main aspects that characterize the “communication setting” for the FOOD PRO-FIT Project will be defined, and it is recommended to adapt the strategy attentively to each local area: - The practical whole of the object population, of the local area, is widely covered by the media with whom the Project is working. - However, and given the particular segmentation that this Project brings with it, we recommend that particular attention is paid to the putting together of both the media planning as well as the BBDD construction of the object companies. - Within the subgroups in which the final consumers have to be segmented to make an impact we recommend the inclusion of the immigrant population, which in some areas represents more than 30% of the population. As is well known when we are referring to the diet trends to obesity or overweight this is a population at risk. - As a positive aspect to potentiate, we highlight the announcement capacity of the press and various communication channels that the institutions involved in the project, Local Health Ministry, UIB, rely on. In this aspect it is suggested that special attention is paid to the success in actively involving references and generators of public and private sector opinion. That is to say, business associations, Public Administration and Scientific community, among others. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO 1) SITUATION DIAGNOSIS As a result of the situation analysis it is possible to put into effect a DAFO analysis on the situation of the FOOD PRO FIT Project in aspects related with external communication. Table Nº 1 DAFO SITUATION ANALYSIS DAFO analysis Strong points - There Weak points exists a Communication known - Very scarce or no degree of group as interlocutor with the media - Adequate management of the media relations. Internal analysis population of the brand name and its values. - No general manual exists with - Manifest internal support of the public administration - There exists a team capable of designing knowledge of the objective and the complete presentation of the Project for each segment to communicate. producing materials of communication. - The key persons for the external communication have been designated. Opportunities Threats - A large number of local and - Reduced budget regional communication media - Attention of the businessmen “ (positive publicity). Setting analysis - Advantage of the focused on the economic crisis TIC to that the communicate with users and through” citizens. . - Increase of web service portfolio and/ or features of the HANCP tool in the short term. - There already exists a pilot that could advance results to be communicated as positive outputs. market is going Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO 2) STRATEGY FORMULATION Once the FOOD PRO-FIT Project is positioned in the topics related to external communication, it will be ready to formulate the global strategy of external communication. The strategy should be adapted by the technical teams of each partner country but, to the effect of standardizing the actions, we suggest that each local strategy frame following the four traditional precepts of an Integral Control Framework. FOOD PRO FIT: global strategy of external communication The general objectives of the strategy of external communication are according to what has been expressed in the Introduction: - To create awareness of the FOOD PRO-FIT proposals in consumers, businessmen and Public Health authorities and in this way motivating them to take an active part in the project in their different roles. - To establish a series of direct and permanent information channels with our public objectives, which should allow the necessary feedback for the project research needs These global objectives will be specified in the following strategies, following the different perspectives of the Integral Control Framework: FUTURE DEVELOPMENT - To increase awareness that the population of the local area has about the FOOD PRO-FIT brand name and its values. - To increase the number of Collaboration and cooperation agreements, etc with Town Halls, Business associations, Scientific Community, media, etc. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO INTERNAL PROCESSESSSSSS - To have a system of management of external communication established and provides the development of all the necessary materials and their production. - To establish the communication check list of the Project according to the general planning. CLIENTS - (consumers) To increase the level of awareness of Food Pro Fit. - To make the consumer sensitive to the need for healthier life style habits and consume healthier products. - To make them sensitive to the HORECA canal and to the industry of the need to elaborate healthier products to de disposed to respond to a growing demand for these types of products. - To install the HANCP tool RESULTS - Budget compliance: not to surpass the budget assigned to the Communication Plan. - (companies)Installation of brand name and tool - (consumers) High exposure to brand name in the assigned timescale. 3) STRATEGY DEVELOPMENT a. To select the identified public objectives that maximizes their contribution to the achievement of the proposed objectives. Among the identified public objectives should be to prioritize those that we understand maximize their contribution to the achievement of the objectives, also taking into account the budget conditions which they have. As a result of the content of the tables 2 and 3 and analyzing them it was observed that it is possible to group some interest groups, as the objectives, canals and messages are similar. It was determined that the public to whom the communication efforts were being directed are the following: Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Relevant subgroups: - Canal HORECA - Producers of processed food companies - Consumers (and their segmentations) - Health professionals - Media. - Collaborators, Institutions, Scientific and educational community. b. To define the communication objectives for each one of the public selected, adequate to the global objectives proposed. The communication objectives will be different in each one of the object publics selected and it should be made explicit in each one of them. They will appear explained in the tables 1 and 2. c. To select the most appropriate communication channels for each public. Just like in the previous sections it is necessary to differentiate the communication channels that will be used with each of the object publics, as before different objectives different responses should be given. This is also reviewed in the tables. d. To define the messages A key message in each public object will be selected, (some may coincide) which will be coherent with the objectives of the project and reinforce them. The messages affected by each one of the public objectives are shown in tables 1 and 2. For this strategy definition a standardized format defined will be used Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Table Nº 2 PUBLIC FOOD CANAL HORECA OBJECTIV E INSTITUTIONS PRODUCER MEDIA CONSUMERS S COMMUNICA - To increase the - To facilitate general - To transform them in - Present the brand TION level of information of the functioning the pro active true name and its OBJECTIVES knowledge of the of the project actors of the project values project. - To establish alliance Specifying it into relationships make known the - To collaborate in joint proposal of initiatives reformulation and brand name - To achieve support of opinion IDEM generators (HORECA) - To reinforce the economic and social values of - To facilitate them a sole - To give them communication point of incentives to opt the hospital (Key for recipes FOOD Communication Persons PRO FIT. of the project) - Collaboration in the incentives to messages (vessel of participate in the positive publicity) opinion and alliances, eg, - To install the - To make them diffusion of institutional - Establishment of the brand name. - Position the logo consumer habits polls. Participation in biggest quantity programmes and/ or of HANCP spreading publications s possible. (health, scientific, - To make the healthy habits, etc) businessman - To proportion to the sensitive: media publicity healthier foods insertions such as commercial positioning tool. CHANNELS - Informative - Corporative identity pamphlets of the - Activity memories (focus on project - Specific HANCP pamphlets - Visits of spreading agents. - Web - Key Comunication Persons corporative social - Publicity campaigns responsibility) - Selection of information - Internet for the mass and - Spreading press specialized media - Publicity campaigns - Promotional impacts on selling points - Associations of IDEM communications along wioth - Publicity consumers (HORECA) the institutions (channeled Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO - Work meetings - Specialised information) - Education centers publications - Trade unions (graphic material, - Press conference handouts and - Interviews punctual actions - Focus Grouo of brand name impact) - Health centers (idem anterior) MESSAGES - Image of the - Collaboration brand name and - Beneficios de las alianzas its values the media value responsibility - Great Public and (OUT PUTS) - Social responsibility of - Added comercial - Social - Good informative flow - THE FOOD PRO- - Opportunities of IDEM (HORECA) publicity contracts. FIT OPTION IS EQUAL IN QUALITY AND HEALTHIER - CHOOSING FOOD PRO FIT IS INTELLIGENT prívate CHOOSING FOOD institutional PRO FIT IS support for the MATURE project Importance of - Strategic opportunity of the project healthy life habits. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Tabla Nº 3 PUBLIC OBJECTIVE ACADEMIC AND SCIENTIFIC GENERAL COLLABORATORS COMMUNICATIO - Facilitate general information N OBJECTIVES CHANNELS PROFESSIONAL ASSOCIATIONS COMMUNITY - Facilitate general information - Facilitate general information about the functioning of the about the functioning of the about the functioning of the project project project - Establish alliance relationship - Establish Alliance relationships - Establish Alliance relationships - Collaborate in joint initiatives - Collaborate in joint initiatives - Collaborate in joint initiatives - Internet - Internet - Internet - Publicity - Publicity - Publicity - Sponsor activities - Participation in activities MENSAJES - Collaboration - Collaboration - Collaboration - Benefits of alliance - Benefits of alliance - Benefits of alliance - RSC Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO 4) DESIGN OF THE COMMUNICATION ACTIVITIES For the planning of the different activities that will make up the External Communication Plan of the FOOD PRO- FIT project, the different activities to carry out with each one of the public selected should be established. To this effect the normalized Actions Derived from the Communication Plan model will be used. This model will be complied by each public selected and by each objective defined. As an example it will include the card corresponding to some of the objectives proposed for the group HORECA, and a card corresponding to an action type for the group COLLOBORATORS IN GENERAL. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Table Nº 4 PLANNING OF ACTIONS ACTIONS DERIVED FROM THE PLAN OF COMMUNICATION (LOGO) DATE INTEREST GROUP Version CANAL HORECA - Increase the level of awareness of the Project. Specifying it in: awarenessraising of the proposal of reformulation and brand name. OBJECTIVE - To expose the economic and social values of the brand name. - To install the highest number of HANCP possible. NAME OF KEY PERSON OF COMMUNICATION RESPONSIBLE (FOR THE ACTION AND FOLLOW UP) PLANNING Nº OF PHAS PHASE E 1 RESPONSIBLE FOR EXECUTION Construction of a database of 800 companies within the HORECA TO cannel of the Baleares. DEFINE DEADLINE 1 week To carry out 800 effective direct contacts of presentation of the brand name and Project to these companies, with the objective of: 2 Integrating them into the project TO DEFINE 4 weeks Installing HANCP. Applying questionnaires 3 Analysis of data and report elaboration of the results of this action Communication group TO DEFINE 4 Data communication. Communication data TO DEFINE Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO NAME OF KEY PERSON OF COMMUNICATION RESPONSIBLE (FOR THE ACTION AND FOLLOW UP) RESOURCES INDICATOR/S Budget for the design and production of handout materials in the visits. Budget for the contracting of the execution of the visit plan, application of questionnaires and data processing. Communication group Key person of communication Web Compliance of forecast deadlines % of success of impact n the 800 companies nº of HANCP installed web consultations RESPONSIBLE FOR COMMUNICATION PLAN: KEY PERSON OF COMMUNICATION: APPROVED BY date: date: Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Table Nº 5 PLANNING OF ACTIONS ACTIONS DERIVED FROM THE PLAN OF COMMUNICATION (LOGO) DATE INTEREST GROUP Version GENERAL COLLABORATORS (Institutions, Professional Associations, ETC. FACILITATE GENERAL INFORMATION ABOUT THE FUCNTIONING OF THE PROJECT. OBJECTIVE ESTABLISH ALLIANCE RELATIONSHIPS COLLABORATE IN JOINT INITIATIVES NAME OF KEY COMMUNICATION PERSON RESPONSIBLE (FOR THE ACTION AND FOLLOW UP) PLANNING Nº OF PHAS PHASE E RESPONSIBLE FOR EXECUTION DEADLINE 1 To elaborate the distribution list to send of the FORMAL PRESENTATION OF THE FOOD PRO-FIR PROJECT, to the relevant entities and institutions of the business institutional area, in the local/provincial/ autonomic setting for the establishment of agreements and joint development activities COMMUNICATIO TO DEFINE N GROUP 2 Remission of material COMMUNICATIO TO DEFINE N GROUP 3 Round of contacts on the part of the key communication person assigned to this action to specify agreements according to the global objectives of the project for each interlocutor. RESOURCES KEY PERSON. TO DEFINE Budget for the design and production of the necessary materials for the presentation Budget for the remission of materials. Back office Communication group Key communication person Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO NAME OF KEY COMMUNICATION PERSON RESPONSIBLE (FOR THE ACTION AND FOLLOW UP) Budget: INDICATOR/S Nº of contacts achieved Nº of agreements achieved (quality of the agreements) measuring the level of exposure that they bring. RESPONSIBLE PLAN COMUNICACIÓN Key communication person. Date: Date: APPROVED BY 5) FOLLOW UP AND CONTROL SYSTEMS A periodical follow up of the system of indicators will be carried out that is defined to analyze the degree of compliance of the proposed objectives. There exist two levels of indicators: - Indicators for the evaluation of the strategic objectives: They measure the level of consecution of the big proposed objectives. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO - Indicators for the evaluation of selected publics and compliance of the activities: They measure the level of compliance of the objectives proposed for each selected public object and numerated in the card of actions derived of the communication plan. The carrying out of periodic auditing of communication. To such effects we next attach an internal auditing team of consecution of objectives that will contain once completed all the information necessary for the general evaluation of the external communication plan. Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Table Nº6. Evaluation Report of the External Communication Plan INDICATORS indicator type Results area Objective value Awareness of brand name Strategic Future development Identification of logotype Strategic Future development New agreements Stragetic Future devlopment Installation of Communication Strategic Internal Plan processes Participation through Strategic Communication Group Internal processes Market quota Strategic Clients New FOOD PRO FIT clients Strategic Clients Deeviation proposal Startegic Results Publicity evaluation Strategic Results Communication efficiency Strategic Results Opinion poll evaluation Strategic Results Relation of Press impact Strategic Results Deadline compliance Public Clients Objective Production of information Public material objective Meeting with general Public collaborators Objective Clients Clients result deviation Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO Level of materials acceptation Public Clients Objective ... Public Media objective ... Public Institutions objective … Public Objective AUDITORY OF COIMMUNICATION PLAN LEVEL OF FULFILLMENT OF OBJECTIVES % OBJECTIVES REACHED: COMMENTARIES RESULTS IN INTEREST GROUPS COMMENTARIES INSTITUTIONAL EVALUATION OPPORTUNITES FOR IMPROVEMENT Profesionals Proyecto co-financiado por la UE/DG SANCO LESSONS LEARNT DATE: SIGNED: RESPONSIBLE FOR PLAN