KINGDOM PLANTAE
Plant in Ecosystem
Autotroph
Produce
Carbohydrate
Increase
O2
Decrease
CO2
http://www.crpusd.org/goldridge/pictures/FoodWeb6.jpg
Plant and Global Warming
http://www.commondreams.org/archive/wp-content/photos/0410_07.jpg
Plant Pigments : Pigment for Energy
http://www.biology.iupui.edu/biocourses/N100/images/ch9chloroplast.jpg
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/pigment.gif
Taxonomic Group
Cyanobacteria
Chloroxybacteria
Green Algae (Chlorophyta)
Red Algae (Rhodophyta)
Photosynthetic Pigments
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b, carotenoids
chlorophyll a, phycocyanin, phycoerythrin, phycobilins
Brown Algae (Phaeophyta)
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, fucoxanthin and other
carotenoids
Golden-brown Algae
(Chrysophyta)
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, fucoxanthin and other
carotenoids
Dinoflagellates (Pyrrhophyta)
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll c, peridinin and other carotenoids
Vascular Plants
chlorophyll a, chlorphyll b, carotenoids
Plant Evolution
Green Algae -> Plant
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm
PLANT VS GREEN ALGAE
What are the difference?
What are the same?
Chala
Hydrilla
http://www.scientificillustrator.com/art/botanical/chara.jpg
http://weeds.hotmeal.net/weeds/Hydrilla_Verticillata.jpg
Alternation of Generation
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/lifecycle.gif
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/16labman05/lb3pg6_files/image002.jpg
Plant and Technology
Tissue
Cell
Callus
Plant
http://www.cropsci.uiuc.edu/classes/cpsc112/images/PGR/Callus.jpg
http://fig.cox.miami.edu/~cmallery/150/devel/c7.21.5.carrot.jpg
Generate, Differentiate, Dedifferentiate
STEM CELL
CLONING TECHNOLOGY
Plant Response
Phytochrome
Flowering
Plastid development
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d6/Plastids_types.svg/220px-Plastids_types.svg.png
http://www.biology.lsu.edu/webfac/dlongstreth/plphys/lectur107.jpg
Plant Response
Water and Moisture
Guard cell
Hydrotropism
http://virtualastronaut.tietronix.com/textonly/act25/images/hydrotropism.gif
http://www.sci.kmitnb.ac.th/sn/Media/Science/Cell/images/cell/5GUARDCELL.jpg
• Signal received : blue light
• pumping protons (H+) : loss of
positive charge
• Potassium ions (K+) enter the guard
cell : the osmotic pressure is lowered
• water enter the cell : hydrostatic
pressure increases
• The pressure causes the shape of the
guard cells to change and a pore is
formed, allowing gas exchange.
http://plantandsoil.unl.edu/croptechnology2005/UserFiles/Image/siteImages/K+_opne&closed-LG.gif
Phototropism
http://virtualastronaut.tietronix.com/textonly/act25/images/phototropism.gif
http://www.biologie.uni-hamburg.de/b-online/library/cat-removed/tropism.gif
Left or Right?
Plant and Vibration
Carnivorous plants
Sleeping grass
http://202.29.77.139/articles/article84/images/pic02.jpg
http://www.geocities.com/carniv_plants/flytrap2.jpg
Plant Communication
Colour
Chemical
http://www.maltawildplants.com/ORCH/Pics/OPHBO/T/OPHBO-Flower26.jpg
http://www.villageinfo.co.nz/images/bee_flower_2_free.jpg
Plant Communication
Giraffe eat me!!!
VS
Tannin
Tannin
http://www.veeriku.tartu.ee/~ppensa/Acacia1.jpg
http://www.wild-tracks.com/Giraff.JPG
Plant Taxon
Period of the Ancients กอนคริสตศกั ราช 300 ป ค.ศ.1500
Period of the Herbalists ค.ศ.1500-1580
Perfecti and Imperfecti
Theophrastus
Pollen
Period of Mechanical Systems ค.ศ.1580-1760
C. Linnaeus
http://obits.eons.com/obits/tributes/carolus_linnaeus/11110-1-photo.jpg
http://www.malaspina.com/jpg/theophrastus.jpg
Period of Natural System ค.ศ.1760-1880
Period of Phylogenic System ค.ศ.1880-ปจจุบัน
Subkingdom
Thallobionta
Subkingdom
Embryobionta
Arthur Cronquist
http://sciweb.nybg.org/science2/libr/finding_guide/images/cronqst.jpg
Subkingdom Embryobionta
Non vascular plants
Vascular plants without seeds
Gymnosperms
Angiosperm
Whittacker
Algae
Bryophyte
Tracheophyte
http://ridge.icu.ac.jp/gen-ed/lower-plants-gifs/12b-diag-plant-divs.JPG
Non Vascular Plants
Non vascular system
No lignified tissues
Protonema like green algae
Moss protonema
http://gallery.criticalmoss.net/cache/moss_Moss.png_400.jpg
http://web.grcc.edu/biosci/pictdata/bi103/461-h.jpg
Gametophyte
Sporophyte
Archaegonium
Antheridium
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia/
Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm
http://hypnea.botany.uwc.ac.za/phylogeny/bioCycles/images/moss_cycle.gif
Phylloid
Cauloid
Rhizoid
http://www.nccpg.com/Images/MH23.gif
http://www.aquamoss.net/images/Moss-Sporophyte-02.jpg
Moss -> Peat
Sulfurdioxide sensitive -> Air pollution detector
Agriculture
http://www-tc.pbs.org/wgbh/victorygarden/images/victorygardens/othergardens/gardenwoods/green_moss_lg_2.jpg?Log=0
http://www.palmco.co.kr/pro5.jpg
Division Hepatophyta
Liverworts
: Liver + wort (herb)
Dichotomous
Branching
Thallus
Leafy
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/878/20239114.JPG
http://www.ubcbotanicalgarden.org/potd/porella_cordaeana.jpg
Gametophyte
Sporophyte
Antheridiophores
Archegoniophores
http://www.biology.iastate.edu/Courses/211L/Bryoph/%20BryoINDX1.htm
Division Anthocerophyta
Archegonium embed in
Gametophyte
Hornworts
One chloroplast/cell
Pyrenoid
Anthoceros
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Bryophytes/Anthocerophyta/ Hornwort_w_sporophytes.low.jpg
http://home.manhattan.edu/~frances.cardillo/plants/nonvas/antho1.gif
http://botit.botany.wisc.edu/images/130/Bryophytes/Anthocerophyta/Anthoceros.low.jpg
Division Bryophyta
Leafy shoot
http://www2.auckland.ac.nz/info/schools/nzplants/images/moss/moss_major_parts1.jpg
Moss cell
Photosynthesis
Living
die
Water Storage
http://www7.ocn.ne.jp/~hattorib/moss025.jpg
http://www.fs.fed.us/wildflowers/regions/pacificnorthwest/ToolboxMeadow/ images/sphagnum_squarrosum_lg.jpg
http://kentsimmons.uwinnipeg.ca/16cm05/1116/29-16-PolytrichumLifeCyc-L3.gif
Vascular Plant
Vascular system
Ligninified tissue
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=8703&rendTypeId=4
http://www.ccrc.uga.edu/~mao/intro/Secwall.gif
Division Tracheophyta
Subdivision Psilopsida
Subdivision Locopsida
Subdivision Sphenopsida
Subdivision Pteropsida
Subdivision Spermopsida
Subdivision Psilopsida
Psilotum
Tmesipteris
Whisk fern
http://www.emc.maricopa.edu/faculty/farabee/BIOBK/psi_nud_mid.jpg
Dichotomous branching
Vascular
Only Stem
Rhizoid
Scale leave
http://www.cartage.org.lb/en/themes/sciences/BotanicalSciences/ClassificationPlants/Cryptogamia
/Bryophyta/NonvascularPlants/NonvascularPlants.htm
Sporophyte Gametophyte
Sporangia : Homospore
Gametophyte
antheridium
archegonium
http://academic.kellogg.cc.mi.us/herbrandsonc/bio111/images/ferns/ferns.17.jpg
Subdivision Lycopsida
Vascular
Root Stem Leave
Sporophyte Gametophyte
Lycopodium
Strobilus
Microphyll
Sporophyll
Homospore
http://flora.nhm-wien.ac.at/Bilder-G-O/Lycopodium-annotinum-2.jpg
http://www.kingsnake.com/westindian/lycopodiumsp1.JPG
Selaginella
Heterospore
http://www.mygarden.me.uk/Selaginella%20braunii.jpg
http://www.ustboniface.mb.ca/cusb/abernier/Plantes/selaginella.jpg
http://www.palaeos.com/Plants/Lists/Glossary/Images/SelaginellaCycle.gif
Subdivision Sphenopsida
Segment
Horse Tail
Silica
Whorled
Homospore
http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/art0058.jpg
http://vltk.vuichoi.info/071108-1940-3745e805.jpg
http://www.missouriplants.com/Ferns/Equisetum_hymenale_plant.jpg
Subdivision Pteropsida
Fern
Marattia salicina
http://www.subtropicals.co.nz/fernms.jpg
Aquatic fern
Terrestrial fern
X-mas fern
Salvinia
Azolla
http://www.nathankramer.com/garden/plants/ferns/fern_christmas.jpg
Medical
Cibotium sp.
Eatable
Marsilia sp.
http://members.lycos.nl/afun210457/images/drijfplanten/marsilia%20mutica.jpg
http://www.doa.go.th/pl_data/03_REGULATION/Seed/Cites/pic%20thaiplant /cibotium%20barometz.jpg
Adventition Root
Rhizome
Frond
http://caliban.mpiz-koeln.mpg.de/~stueber/lindman/499.jpg
http://www.puc.edu/Faculty/Gilbert_Muth/art0048.jpg
Circinate vernation
http://sparkleberrysprings.com/v-web/b2/images/ferns/ferncircvern.jpg
http://www.eske-style.co.nz/images/Punga%20Frond.jpg
Reproduction
Walking fern
Asplenium rhizophllum
Sporania : Sori
Abaxial surface
Sporocarp
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72159&rendTypeId=35
Subdivision Spermopsida
Angiospermae
Gymnosperm (Nake seed)
Gnetopsida
Pteridospermae
Cycadae
Gingkoae
Coniferae
Class Pteridospermae
Seed fern
<<Neuropteris
Emplectopteris>>
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/e/ee/ Neuropteris.JPG/450px-Neuropteris.JPG
http://www.seedbiology.de/images/emplectopteris1.jpg
Class Cycadae
C. circinalis
Cycads
C. siamensis
http://www.dkimages.com/discover/previews/903/718172.JPG
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/cycads/Cycas/siamensis1.jpg)
Male cone
Female cone
http://www.pacsoa.org.au/cycads/Cycas/revoluta04.jpg
http://www.botany.uga.edu/images/greenhouses/cycad53.jpg
Class Ginkgoae
Ginkgo
http://www.cirrusimage.com/Trees/ginkgo_tree_med.jpg
http://www.rosevilletrees.org/trees/images/ginkgo.jpg
http://www.herbs.org/greenpapers/ginkgo.jpg
http://www.stanford.edu/group/hopes/treatmts/antiox/f_k01ginkgo.jpg
Seed
Male strobilus
http://users.rcn.com/jkimball.ma.ultranet/BiologyPages/G/GinkgoLGR.jpg
http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/dc/Ginkgo_biloba_Inflorescences.jpg
Class Coniferae
Pine
Spruce
Fir
Cedar
Juniper
Larch
Hemlock
Cypress
Yew
Redwood
Conifer
http://www.flowersociety.org/images/Essences/Research/Redwood/redwood-trunk.jpg
Colour changing
http://www.hort.wisc.edu/mastergardener/Features/woodies/larch/larch-seasons.jpg
http://www.science.siu.edu/landplants/Coniferophyta/images/Pine.needles.JPEG
http://www.billcasselman.com/yew.jpg
Monoecious
http://web.gccaz.edu/~lsola/NonFlwr/conif105.htm
Pine life cycle
http://hypnea.botany.uwc.ac.za/phylogeny/bioCycles/images/pine-cycle.gif
Class Gnetopsida
<< Ephedra
Gnetum gnemon L.
Welwitschia >>
http://www.naturephoto-cz.com/photos/bilek/ephedra-0134.jpg
http://www.biolib.cz/IMG/GAL/18227.jpg
http://www.botanik.uni-karlsruhe.de/garten/fotos-knoch/Gnetum%20gnemon1.jpg
Class Angiospermae
Magnoliophyta
Anthophyta (Angiosperms)
Magnoliopsida
(Dicotyledons)
Liliopsida
(Monocotyledons)
Monocots VS Dicots
http://hawaii.hawaii.edu/laurab/generalbotany/images/monocots%20vs%20dicots.jpg
http://cyberlab.lh1.ku.ac.th/elearn/faculty/fisher/fi15/web/images/tmp/stems%20model.jpg
http://cache.eb.com/eb/image?id=72162&rendTypeId=35
http://waynesword.palomar.edu/images/flcycle.gif