Name Class Date Skills Worksheet Concept Review MATCHING In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best matches the description. a. ecosystem ______ 1. an individual living thing ______ 2. a group of various species that live in the same place and interact with each other ______ 3. living or once living part of an ecosystem ______ 4. unequal survival and reproduction that results from the presence or absence of particular traits b. population c. natural selection d. organism e. resistance f. abiotic factor g. evolution h. species ______ 5. all the organisms living in an area and their physical environment i. community j. biotic factor ______ 6. change in the genetic characteristics of a population from one generation to the next ______ 7. all the members of the same species that live in the same place at the same time ______ 8. nonliving part of an ecosystem ______ 9. ability of one or more organisms to tolerate a particular chemical designed to kill it ______10. group of organisms that are closely related and that can mate to produce fertile offspring MULTIPLE CHOICE In the space provided, write the letter of the term or phrase that best completes each statement or best answers each question. ______11. What kind of habitat does a red backed salamander need to survive? a. damp forest floor b. sunny top of a tree c. dry forest floor d. sunny desert rock Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Environmental Science 1 The Organization of Life Name Class Date Concept Review continued ______12. Which of the following kingdoms include organisms that can make their own food? a. protists and plants b. plants and animals c. fungi and plants d. fungi and protists ______ 17. One way that bacteria and fungi are important to the environment is that they a. produce oxygen. b. use the sun’s energy to make their own food. c. are a major food source in many ecosystems. d. break down dead organisms. ______13. The Chihuahua is a dog that exists because of a. natural selection. b. artificial selection. c. resistance. d. abiotic factors. ______18. Phytoplankton are important protists because they are the initial source of a. food in most land ecosystems. b. food in most ocean and freshwater ecosystems. c. oxygen in the atmosphere. d. Both (a) and (b) ______14. Humans have promoted the evolution of insects that are resistant to insecticides by a. trying to control pests with chemicals. b. using insecticides that are outdated. c. using the wrong insecticide. d. breeding more useful insects. ______19. Many angiosperms depend on a. other animals in the oceans. b. gymnosperms for reproducing. c. plants for food. d. animals to carry pollen and disperse seeds. ______15. Which of the following is not true of an adaptation? a. It is an advantage to an organism in certain environments. b. It increases an organism’s chance of reproducing. c. It increases an organism’s chance of survival. d. It decreases an organism’s chance of evolving. ______20. Which of the following characteristics is shared by bacteria, fungi, and plants? a. They usually have cell walls. b. They have cell nuclei. c. They are single celled. d. They have the ability to make their own food. ______16. Which of the following is not one of the kingdoms of living things? a. archaebacteria b. protobacteria c. eubacteria d. protists Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Environmental Science 2 The Organization of Life TEACHER RESOURCE PAGE Answer Key Concept Review of rabbits has proportionately more organisms with advantageous traits. MATCHING 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. d i j c a 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. AGREE OR DISAGREE g b f e h 14. Disagree; although they have very dif- ferent characteristics, both dog breeds are a result of thousands of years of artificial selection. Humans bred the ancestors of today’s wolves to produce the variety of dogs we have today. Wolves and different kinds of dogs are closely related. 15. Disagree; antibiotics may kill many bacteria, but the bacteria that remain are more resistant to the antibiotics. This use of antibiotics promotes the evolution of resistant populations of bacteria. Over a period of time, diseases can’t be controlled as effectively with the same antibiotics. This makes diseases harder to treat and more people may get them. 16. Disagree; by definition, a population is made up of all the members of the same species that live in the same place at the same time. A community is made up of all the populations in the same place at the same time. If organisms are members of the same species and live in the same community, they all are part of the same population. MULTIPLE CHOICE 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. a a b a d 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. b d b d a Critical Thinking ANALOGIES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. a c b a d 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. c b d c b INTERPRETING OBSERVATIONS 11. The hawks would see the dark gray rabbits more easily than the white rabbits when snow was on the ground because the white rabbits would blend in. Therefore, the hawks probably ate more gray rabbits than white rabbits. More white rabbits lived to reproduce. 12. During most months the remaining dark gray rabbits would blend in with the surroundings better than white rabbits would. Hawks would eat fewer dark rabbits than white rabbits. The rabbit population would change to include more gray rabbits because they would more likely survive to reproduce. 13. More rabbits are born than can survive. The rabbits in a population differ in the traits that they have. Some of these traits give rabbits advantages that help them survive. Rabbits can then reproduce and pass these traits on to their offspring. Each generation REFINING CONCEPTS 17. Insects are difficult to control because they are small and can get into a home easily, they don’t need much food to survive, they move quickly and can hide in small spaces easily, they reproduce quickly, and they can become resistant to insecticides. 18. No; all ecosystems are interconnected. Answers may vary. Sample answer: Humans in the city rely on resources, such as water and food, from other ecosystems. Anything that affects water, air, land, or living things can affect the city’s food and water supply. Also, air in the city comes from other ecosystems. A Copyright © by Holt, Rinehart and Winston. All rights reserved. Holt Environmental Science 94 The Organization of Life