Codes as Laws
The IBC, the IH and
Laboratory
Construction
Webster’s
† A body of laws
† Set of principles
† Rules of Conduct
Gary Shaver, UNC Chapel Hill
Ken Kretchman, NC State
AIHCE May 26, 2005
Codes as Mysteries
Webster’s cont’d
† A system of symbols
used in secret
writing...
Lessons Learned
History
† Greeks and Romans
† Millennia monuments
† Successes/Failures
Industrial & Laboratory
Incidents
† Major disasters
† Reshape thinking
† Investigate
† Influence code
† Modify codes
setting process
„
„
„
Locally
Nationally
Internationally
1
International Building Code
(IBC)
Why the Building Code?
† International scope
† Protect
† Code blend:
„
„
„
BOCA, ICBO,
SBCCI; others
„
† Formal revision
„
process
† Nationwide adoption
† State versions
Code Administration
† Standardize
„
„
† Various Interpretations
jurisdiction
† NC U System:
† Mitigating factors
State Dept. of
Insurance
Design expectations
Reduce failures
Code Administration
† Code Official having
„
Building occupants
Fire fighters
Structure
Contents
† Alternative Methods and Materials
† One size does not fit all
† County and
Municipalities:
„
„
Building inspectors
Fire Marshal
NC University System
Experience
† Higher Education
Bond Referendum2000 ($3.1 B)
„
„
New buildings
Renovations
† IBC Adopted in 2002
† New H&S issues
† Numerous lab
buildings
Planning and Review Process
Participants
„
„
„
„
„
„
„
Architects/engineers
Committees
Users
U. Administration
State
Construction/DOI
Trades
EHS
2
Building Grade
IH Issues
(Section 502 IBC)
† Chemical control
† Sloped sites-
areas: B occupancy
† Hazardous exhausts
† Old Lab buildings
multilevel grade
access
† Establishes number
of control areas,
max. storage and
use
† Allow firemen access
on grade (no steps)
Basements
Chemical Control Areas
† No Class I
Flammable Storage
† Alternatives
† Proposed changes
† Maximum- floor above grade
„
„
„
4 Control areas
100% basis for storage and use quantities
Doubling for sprinklers, doubling again for
approved storage cabinets
† Fire and exhaust separations
† Impact future space mods
Control area quantities
† User surveys
„
„
„
Existing inventories
Interviews
Maximize shell
space
Chemical Survey
† Room #
† Units
† Haz Material ID
† Handling Desc.
† Max. storage
† Physical state
† Max. usage
† Physical and Health
Hazards-chemicals
† Proposal for
radioactive materials
(as Uniform FC)
3
Chemical Survey by Room
Survey Analysis
Building: Luxo
Control Area: 1 (designate on drawings)
List combined Storage and Use
Building: Luxo
Room
110
PI
Rob
Wills
Haz
Material
Date of Review: Jan 04
CAS #
Acetic
acid
Max
Stored in
room
64-19-7 1
Unit
L
Completed by: J. Be
Max
Quant.
Used at 1
Time
Unit
5
mL
Use,proc,
storage,
dispensing
State
S,L,G
Use in
hood, store
in safety
cabinet
L
Chemical
CAS #
Room
Ethylene glycol
107-21-1
109
Acetic Acid
64-19-7
110
Total (metric units)
Control Area (Storage+Use) Limits G=Gallons lbs=pounds
480 G
Control Area (Use open system) Limits
† Exceed limits
† Study/training
„
„
„
‡
Ancillary hazardous storage rooms
1L
0.26G
Control area reviews
Eliminate
Alternate forms
Reduce quantities
Store elsewhere
1L
Total in Control Area (English units)
Control area reviews
„
Combustible
Liquid II
60 G
† Int. Fire Code
„
Classification rules/lists
† Published lists and resources
„
„
„
HMEx
Stanford chemtracker
Vermont SIRI MSDS index/tox database
Post-construction control
Mechanical Code Section 510
† PI
† Original version
„
„
„
Acquisition limitations
Safe use, storage, disposal
Training
† EHS (compliance assurance)
„ Review lab safety plans
„ Laboratory inspections
‡
„
„
„
„
No differentiation for chemical quantities
Prohibited hazardous exhaust manifolding
Required fire suppression- ducts and
hoods
Control area quantity spot checks
Follow-up on deficiencies
4
Mechanical Code Section 510
Mechanical Code Section 510
Lab H&S Committee Proposal
Committee Proposal Cont’d
† Allow manifolding of
† Recognize small lab quantities used
exhaust systems
when
† Ensure less than 25% LEL
† Ensure HH 1-4 are <1% Med. Lethal
Continuous neg.
pressure
‡ Combine in occ.
space in same fire
area
‡ Each branch has
flow control device
‡
Dose (acute)
† Automatic fire protection not required
Mechanical Code Section 510
Change outcomes
Mechanical Code Section 510
† Consider high
† AIHA LHSC Proposal to ICC
„
„
„
„
volume chemical
usages in specialty
labs
† Example- histology
slide prep areas
Public Hearings 2003-2004
2004 Final Action Hearing approved
Listed in 2004 Supplement to the IMC
Publish in 2006 IMC
† NC Building Code Council review on
12/04 and 3/05
„
recommended for early adoption
Old Lab Buildings-
Old Lab Buildings
Total Renovations
† Feasibility to achieve
„
new code
„
„
„
Age
Condition
Cost
† Conversions
† Partial upgrades
„
„
„
† Raze
„
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Fire
sprinklers/alarms
ADA
‡ Elevators
‡ Ramps
Toilet Fixtures
Fire
ratings/separationswalls, floors
Exhaust
Emergency power
5
Old Lab Buildings-
Other Building Experience / Code
Issues / Proposed Changes
Partial renovation by room
† Change of use?
„ Example- convert
Conf. room to lab
† Card Access Doors and Building
† Increased risk
„ Chemical review
„ Compare before and
after renovation
† Smoke Control in Lab Buildings
† Bring room(s) to
† Recirculation of Exhaust Air
code
„
„
Security
† Proposal to Adopt of ASHRAE 62.1-
2004
Fire separations
Chemical restrictions
Other Building Experience / Code
Issues / Proposed Changes
Summary on Building Codes
† Link to ICC Code Change Process and
† Long history
Proposals at:
† New attention required from IHs
† IBC Chemical Control-challenging
http://www2.umdnj.edu/eohssweb/aiha/tec
hnical/ventilation.htm#Hazardous
† Favorable changes to Mechanical Code
† More changes coming…..
Building Code
Codes are evolving quickly stay engaged!
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