Topic: States of matter – solids, liquids, & gases
(middle/high school chemistry) by Lodge

Someday, sublimate
I am matter with shape and volume
They call me solid, ‘ cause my particles are fixed and arranged
More amorphous ‘ cause my melting point depends on my pattern
I do the rubber plastic butter change
Should I be melting from a solid to a liquid?
Take in energy, my particles they move real fast
Or should I freeze...so particles can chill and move slowly
Here ’ s an ice-covered photograph
Chorus:
Someday, I hope to sublimate
Move from a solid to gas without the liquid state
And that way, I ’ ll never evaporate
‘ Cause I ’ m already a fluid without a volume or – shape
With particles so hard to contain
Viscous, liquid take the shape of this container
You ’ re free to move you ’ re like a fluid so flow flow flow
With a high resistance, like honey, you ’ re acting like a winner
Surface tension so high I know
Go from a liquid to a gas, you get vaporized
It ’ s endothermic, when the particles gain top speed
Evaporate on the surface – the reverse or otherwise
Condensation is all we need
I want to change position and distance so easily
And do it speedily
I want to fit into containers like an air-born fluid
That ’ s so good
I want my particles to spread out and fill the space available
It ’ s so attainable...so I should!

Name: _____________________________ States of Matter
I am matter with shape and volume
They call me solid, ‘cause my particles are fixed and arranged
Define solid: ________________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
More amorphous ‘cause my melting point depends on my pattern
What are the two types of solids? __________________________ and __________________________
Define melting point. __________________________________________________________________
Characteristics of _______________________________ solids:
-___________________________________________________________________
-___________________________________________________________________
Characteristics of _______________________________ solids:
-___________________________________________________________________
-___________________________________________________________________
I do the rubber plastic butter change
These are 3 examples of amorphous solids. Give one more: _____________________________
Give 3 examples of crystalline solids.
_______________________ ____________________ ______________________
Should I be melting from a solid to a liquid?
Define Melting: ______________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________

Take in energy, my particles they move real fast
Explain what happens to the energy and particles when this physical change in matter occurs:
__________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Or should I freeze…so particles can chill and move slowly
Define freezing: _____________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Explain what happens to the energy and particles when a liquid freezes: _________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Here’s an ice-covered photograph
How could taking a photograph be compared to the process of freezing?
Someday, I hope to sublimate
Define sublimation: ___________________________________________________________________
Move from a solid to gas without the liquid state
Would you like to sublimate? Why or why not?
And that way, I’ll never evaporate
Evaporation is _______________________________________________________________________
‘Cause I’m already a fluid without a volume or – shape
Define gas: _________________________________________________________________________
Gas and liquid are both considered to be fluids because _______________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
How does breathing demonstrate that gasses are fluids?

With particles so hard to contain
Why are particles of gas so hard to contain?
Viscous, liquid take the shape of this container
Define viscosity: _____________________________________________________________________
Define liquid: _______________________________________________________________________
You’re free to move you’re like a fluid so flow flow flow
Explain why the shapes of the liquids in these 16oz bottles are different
With a high resistance, like honey, you’re acting like a winner
Does honey have a higher or lower viscosity than Gatorade or Coke? Why?
__________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Surface tension so high I know
Define surface tension: ________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Would honey have a higher or lower surface tension than Gatorade or Coke? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________
Go from a liquid to a gas, you get vaporized
Define vaporization: __________________________________________________________________
The two main types of vaporization are _____________________ and ______________________

It’s endothermic, when the particles gain top speed
What happens to the particles when a liquid boils?
Why is that considered to be an endothermic reaction?
Evaporate on the surface – the reverse or otherwise
What is the difference between evaporation, boiling and vaporization?
When would immediate vaporization be possible?
Condensation is all we need
What is condensation? _________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
How is condensation the reverse or opposite of evaporation?
I want to change position and distance so easily
And do it speedily
Only a ________________ has the ability to change position and distance easily and quickly.
I want to fit into containers like an air-born fluid
That’s so good
What would happen to the gas particles if the lid of the container was removed?
Why?
I want my particles to spread out and fill the space available
It’s so attainable…so I should!
Would you rather be a liquid or a gas? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

Name: __________KEY___________________
I am matter with shape and volume
They call me solid, ‘cause my particles are fixed and arranged
Define solid: ________ Matter that has a definite shape and definite volume _______
More amorphous ‘cause my melting point depends on my pattern
What are the two types of solids? __ amorphous________ ___ and ___________ crystalline ____
Define melting point. _______ Specific temperature at which a solid melts ______________
Characteristics of ____ amorphous _______________ solids:
-______ particles are not arranged in a regular pattern ___________
-________ No distinct melting point __________________________________
Characteristics of ___ crystalline ________________ solids:
-___________ Particles are arranged in a regular pattern _____________
-____________ Specific melting point ______________________________
I do the rubber plastic butter change
These are 3 examples of amorphous solids. Give one more: _______ humans ____________
Give 3 examples of crystalline solids.
_______ Salt ____________ ____ sugar __________ ______ Quartz ___
Should I be melting from a solid to a liquid?
Define Melting: ____ change in state from a solid to a liquid __________________________
__________________________________________________________________
Take in energy, my particles they move real fast
Explain what happens to the energy and particles when this physical change in matter occurs:
__________ energy is absorbed which makes particles vibrate and move so

_____ fast that they break free from their fixed positions ________________________
Or should I freeze…so particles can chill and move slowly
Define freezing: ______ change from a liquid to a solid _______________________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
Explain what happens to the energy and particles when a liquid freezes: _________________________
_______ energy is released and the particles slow down until they form regular patterns
Here’s an ice-covered photograph
How could taking a photograph be compared to the process of freezing?
Particles slow down and form a static object. A photograph is capturing an event and creating a static representation of that event.
Someday, I hope to sublimate
Define sublimation: ___ change in state from solid to gas with entering the liquid state
Move from a solid to gas without the liquid state
Would you like to sublimate? Why or why not?
And that way, I’ll never evaporate
Evaporation is ____ vaporization that takes place only on the surface of the liquid
‘Cause I’m already a fluid without a volume or – shape
Define gas: ______ state of matter with no definite shape or volume _______________
Gas and liquid are both considered to be fluids because ______ particles are free to move _______
____________________________________________________________________________________
How does breathing demonstrate that gasses are fluids?
While breathing, gasses in the air flow freely through the body and back out again taking on different shapes in each part of your body.
With particles so hard to contain
Why are particles of gas so hard to contain?
Because they are free to move

Viscous, liquid take the shape of this container
Define viscosity: ___ a liquids resistance to flow _____________________________________
Define liquid: ______ state of matter in which particles are free to move, have a definite volume, no definite shape
You’re free to move you’re like a fluid so flow flow flow
Explain why the shapes of the liquids in these 16oz bottles are different
Because particles are free to move in a liquid, there is no definite shape…so it takes on the shape of its container.
With a high resistance, like honey, you’re acting like a winner
Does honey have a higher or lower viscosity than Gatorade or Coke? Why?
____ Higher viscosity. The particles in honey are attracted to
__ each other more strongly in honey than in Gatorade or Coke _____
Surface tension so high I know
Define surface tension: _____ The strength of attraction of the particles ________
__ on the surface of a liquid ___________________________________________________
Would honey have a higher or lower surface tension than Gatorade or Coke? Why?
__ Higher. There is more attraction to particles of honey on the surface than Gatorade or
_____ Coke __________________________________________________________________________
Go from a liquid to a gas, you get vaporized
Define vaporization: ____ change in state from a liquid to a gas _______________________
The two main types of vaporization are ____ Evaporation ______ and ___ Boiling ___________
It’s endothermic, when the particles gain top speed
What happens to the particles when a liquid boils?

They absorb energy which makes them move fast and they eventually become a gas
Why is that considered to be an endothermic reaction?
Energy is absorbed to make the particles move faster
Evaporate on the surface – the reverse or otherwise
What is the difference between evaporation, boiling and vaporization?
Evaporation - vaporization on the surface of a liquid
Boiling - vaporization throughout the liquid…on the surface and below the surface
Vaporization - when the entire liquid becomes a gas at the same time
When would immediate vaporization be possible?
If a meteor was to hit the earth
Condensation is all we need
What is condensation? ____ change in state from a gas to a liquid _______________________
___________________________________________________________________________________
How is condensation the reverse or opposite of evaporation?
Condensation is the change from gas to liquid…evaporation is the change from a liquid to a gas.
I want to change position and distance so easily
And do it speedily
Only a __ gas ___________ has the ability to change position and distance easily and quickly.
I want to fit into containers like an air-born fluid
That’s so good
What would happen to the gas particles if the lid of the container was removed?
Particles would escape and fill the space made available to them.
Why?
Because gas particles have no definite shape or volume and are free to move.
I want my particles to spread out and fill the space available
It’s so attainable…so I should!
Would you rather be a liquid or a gas? Why?
____________________________________________________________________________________
____________________________________________________________________________________

1. Hand out or project the lyrics and read them out loud and discuss their meaning
2. Play the song for the students, multiple times, encouraging them to sing along
3. Use the student lyric guide in place of, or to supplement class notes
4. Allow students class time, in small groups, to “act” out a portion of the song
5. Film the student groups singing/acting out the song