Biology
Name ________KEY_______________________
Mitosis & Meiosis TEST Review Worksheet
1. What are the two types of reproduction? What is the difference between the two
types?
asexual reproduction = one parent; offspring identical to parent; no genetic
recombination
sexual reproduction = two parents; offspring genetically different from parent and
from each other
2. What are somatic cells? Give an example?
Somatic cells are body cells (non-sex cells)
Examples: liver cells, skin cells, muscle cells
3. What type of cell undergoes meiosis?
Germ cells
or
(Egg & Sperm)
Somatic cells
4. Draw a picture of a chromosome “sister chromatids”. Label the chromatid and
centromere.
Chromatids
Centromere
6. What are homologous chromosomes?
Chromosomes that have the same sequence of genes, that have the same structure,
and that pair during meiosis I; One homologue comes from one parent, and the other
homologue comes from the other parent
8. What is the difference between a haploid and diploid?
Haploid = a cell, nucleus or organism that has only one set of unpaired chromosomes;
Diploid = a cell, nucleus or organism that has two complete sets of chromosomes
that occur in homologous pairs
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9. For each of the following state if the cell is haploid or diploid.
Sperm cell = haploid
Liver cell = diploid
Egg cell = haploid
Stomach cell = diploid
10. If the diploid number in a liver cell is 52, how many chromosomes are there in the
egg of this organism? ___26______
11. The fusion of a ____haploid egg cell___ and a __haploid sperm cell____ produces a
zygote with 46 (2n) chromosome number.
12. During meiosis, the chromosome number: Note: also referred to as reduction
division
a) is doubled
b) is reduced
c) remains the same
d) becomes diploid
13. Meiosis produces haploid (n) reproductive cells called __gametes___.
14. Name the 2 human gametes & tell their chromosome number (ploidy number).
Egg cells (ova); 23 chromosomes
**Both are haploid (n)**
Sperm cells; 23 chromosomes
15. Cells starting mitosis & meiosis begin with a (haploid or diploid) set of chromosomes.
16. How many times do cells divide during meiosis? __2 times; once in Meiosis I and
once in Meiosis II__
19. What are the stages of meiosis called?
Meiosis I: __Prophase I__, __Metaphase I__,
__Anaphase I_, ___TelophaseI_____/cytokinesis
Meiosis II: Prophase II__, __Metaphase II__,
__Anaphase II_, ___TelophaseII_____/cytokinesis
20. What is a tetrad?
The four chromoatids in a pair of homologous chromosomes that come together as a
result of synapsis during Meiosis I; the chromatids form a “double X” formation
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21. Which of the following best describe the term “crossing over”?
a.) An exchange of information between two homologous chromosomes
b.) A molecular interaction between two sister chromatids
c.) A molecular interaction between two non-sister chromatids
d.) A separation of two sister chromatids
22. What type of material is exchanged during crossing-over? ___DNA/genes_____
23. Crossing-over can be found in the stage of
a.) Prophase I
b) Prophase II
c) Anaphase I
d) Anaphase II
24. Which letter in figure #2 represents meiosis? Why?
Letter D represents meiosis because the parent cell
is diploid (2n) and there are four haploid (n)
daughter cells produced.
Figure 2
25. How many cells are formed at the end of Meiosis I & how many copies of
chromosomes does each cell have? ___2 cells__, __2 copies (not two sets) that
compose the sister chromatids – the cells are haploid__
26. Is DNA copied before Meiosis II? __no__
27. How many cells form at the end of Meiosis II and how many chromosomes do they
contain? __4 cells___, ___23 chromosomes_(haploid #)__
28. Oogenesis ultimately gives rise to (one ovum, four ova) with the (haploid, diploid)
number of chromosomes.
29. A sperm cell is a (gamete, zygote), and is (haploid, diploid).
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30. When a sperm cell and an ovum merge, they undergo the process of fertilization,
and give rise to a (gamete, zygote), which is (haploid, diploid).
31. A hypothetical organism has 10 chromosomes for each of its body cells (somatic
cells).
a. Skin cells are continuously being rubbed off and replaced. How many chromosomes
will be contained in each new skin cell that is replaced? _10_
b. This replacement occurs through the process of _mitosis__.
c. The diploid number (2N) for this organism is _10_.
d. This organism would have how many homologous pairs of chromosomes? _5 pairs_
e. The female of this organism has an ovary. The number of chromosomes in each of
the cells that make up the ovary would be _10_.
f. The mature eggs of this female would contain how many chromosomes? _5__
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