The 3D Quiz
Review the handout “3Ds”, then answer the following questions:
Definition
Duration
Progressive loss of brain
cells resulting in decline of
day-to-day cognition and
functioning. A terminal
condition.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
An acute or sudden onset of
mental confusion as a result
of a medical, social, or
environmental condition.
Years (usually 8 to 20)
Hours to months, dependant
on speed of diagnosis.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Thinking
Mental
status
testing
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
May be indecisive and
thoughts highlight failures
and sense of hopelessness
Capable of giving correct
answers, however often
may state, “I don’t know”.
Will attempt to answer and
will not be aware of
mistakes.
Recent and past memory
impaired.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Testing may vary from poor to
good depending of time of day
and fluctuation in cognition.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Generally intact, though
may be selective. Highlights
negativity.
Delirium in the Older Person: A Medical Emergency. Island Health.
3 D quiz. Reviewed: 8-2014.
Gradual loss of cognition and
ability to problem solve and
function independently.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
At least 6 weeks, but can last
several months to years,
especially if not treated.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Fluctuates between rational
state & disorganized,
distorted thinking with
incoherent speech
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Memory
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
A change in mood which lasts
at least 2 weeks and includes
sadness, negativity, loss of
interest, pleasure and decline
in functioning.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Recent and immediate
memory impaired.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
www.viha.ca/mhas/resources/delirium/
1
Sleep-wake
cycle
Disturbed, usually early
morning awakening
Disturbed, and sleep-wake
cycle is reversed (up in
night, very sleepy and
sometimes non-responsive
during the day)
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
May awaken often at night,
may wander, but sleep can
also be normal.
Can be present. Usually
guilty & negative toward
self.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Can be present.
May misperceive.
Often of a frightening or
paranoid nature
Usually diagnosed
approximately 3 years after
onset of symptoms.
Diagnosis based on rapid
onset of fluctuating
symptoms.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Hallucinations
& delusions
Diagnosis
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Care
approaches
Early recognition is key.
Keep person safe, find
cause and treat as quickly
as possible.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Prognosis
Treatable and reversible,
especially if caught early
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Treatment
Treat cause.
Monitor response.
Be alert for relapse.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Others may notice symptoms
before the person does. May
complain of feeling physically
ill and begin withdrawing.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Identify the symptoms early.
Help person to follow
treatment plan & offer them
hope.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Maintain and enhance abilities
that remain. Focus on the
positive and support the lost
abilities.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Treatable and reversible
condition
Progression can be slowed
but not reversed.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Antidepressants, ECT,
cognitive therapy, assist to
improve confidence and
self-esteem through
conversation and activity.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Delirium in the Older Person: A Medical Emergency. Island Health.
3 D quiz. Reviewed: 8-2014.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
Anticholinesterase inhibitors
slow the progression.
Symptomatic treatment with
environmental & staff
approaches.
 Depression
 Delirium
 Dementia
www.viha.ca/mhas/resources/delirium/
2
The 3D Quiz - Answers
Definition
Progressive loss of brain cells
resulting in decline of day-today cognition and functioning.
A terminal condition.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Duration Years (usually 8 to 20)
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Thinking Fluctuates between rational
state and disorganized,
distorted thinking with
incoherent speech.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Mental status Capable of giving correct
testing answers, however often may
An acute or sudden onset of
mental confusion as a result
of a medical, social, or
environmental condition.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Hours to months, dependant
on speed of diagnosis.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Memory Recent and past memory
impaired.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
May be indecisive and
thoughts highlight failures and
sense of hopelessness.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Testing may vary from poor to
good depending of time of day
and fluctuation in cognition.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Generally intact, though may
be selective. Highlights
negativity.
Delirium in the Older Person: A Medical Emergency. Island Health.
3 D quiz. Reviewed: 8-2014.
Gradual loss of cognition and
ability to problem solve and
function independently.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Will attempt to answer and will
not be aware of mistakes.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
At least 6 weeks, but can last
several months to years,
especially if not treated.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
state “I don’t know”.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
A change in mood which lasts
at least 2 weeks and includes
sadness, negativity, loss of
interest, pleasure and decline
in functioning.
Recent and immediate
memory impaired.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
www.viha.ca/mhas/resources/delirium/
3
3D Quiz Answers, cont.
Sleep-wake Disturbed, usually early
cycle morning awakening.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Hallucinations Can be present. Usually guilty
& delusions & negative toward self.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Diagnosis Usually diagnosed
Disturbed, and sleep-wake
cycle is reversed (up in night,
very sleepy and sometimes
non-responsive during the
day).
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
treat as quickly as possible.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Often of a frightening or
paranoid nature.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Diagnosis based on rapid
onset of fluctuating
symptoms.
Care Early recognition is key. Keep
approaches person safe, find cause and
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Can be present.
May misperceive.
approximately 3 years after
onset of symptoms.
May awaken often at night,
may wander, but sleep can
also be normal.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Others may notice symptoms
before the person does. May
complain of feeling physically
ill and begin withdrawing.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Identify the symptoms early.
Help person to follow
treatment plan & offer them
hope.
Maintain and enhance abilities
that remain. Focus on the
positive and support the lost
abilities.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
especially if caught early.
Treatable and reversible
condition.
Progression can be slowed
but not reversed.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Prognosis Treatable and reversible,
Treatment Treat cause.
Monitor response.
Be alert for relapse.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Antidepressants, ECT,
cognitive therapy, assist
person to improve confidence
and self-esteem through
conversation and activity.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
Delirium in the Older Person: A Medical Emergency. Island Health.
3 D quiz. Reviewed: 8-2014.
Anticholinesterase inhibitors
slow the progression.
Symptomatic treatment with
environmental & staff
approaches.
Depression
Delirium
Dementia
www.viha.ca/mhas/resources/delirium/
4