Danmarks Rederiforening
Danish Shipping
Statistics — May 2012
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Page
3
1. Key Figures of the Danish Merchant Fleet
2. Size and Composition of the Merchant Fleet
Denmark
2.1 Development of the Danish merchant fleet
2.2 Changes in the Danish merchant fleet
2.3 Employment of the Danish merchant fleet
2.4 The Danish merchant fleet by ship type
2.5 The Danish merchant fleet by size and age groups
World
2.6 Geographical distribution of the world merchant fleet
2.7 World merchant fleet by flag state
2.8 World merchant fleet by owner domicile
2.9 World merchant fleet by main type and owner domicile
2.10 World merchant fleet by operator domicile
2.11 World merchant fleet by main type and operator domicile
2.12 World merchant fleet by ship type
2.13 Danish share of various ship types
2.14 The EU countries' merchant fleets / Development of major European national fleets
2.15 World's 25 biggest ship owners
2.16 World's 25 biggest ship operators
3. Shipbuilding and Purchasing
Denmark
3.1 The shipping companies' newbuilding programme
3.2 The shipping companies' investments for Danish flag
3.3 The shipping companies' yearly contracting
3.4 The Danish merchant fleet by country of building
World
3.5 The world's total newbuilding orders by country of building
3.6 The world's total newbuilding orders by ship type
3.7 The world's total newbuilding orders by owner domicile
4
4
4
5
5
6
6
7
7
8
8
9
9
10
11
11
12
12
12
12
13
13
13
4. Earnings of Danish Shipping Companies
4.1 Danish shipping's foreign currency earnings
4.2 Danish shipping companies' foreign currency earnings by region
4.3 Danish balance of payments and historical USD/DKK rate of exch.
14
14
15
5. Development in Freight Rates
5.1 Charter rates for tankers
5.2 Charter rates for dry cargo ships
5.3 Baltic Dry Index
5.4 Liner trade - Container freight index
5.5 Charter rates for cellular container ships
16
16
16
17
17
6. Employment in the industry
6.1 Seafarers on board Danish ships
6.2 Direct and indirect employment in the Danish Maritime Cluster
18
18
7. World Trade by Sea
7.1 World trade by sea - Oil, bulk and container - Container capacity
7.2 Sea transport of important bulk commodities
7.3 World trade flows
7.4 Cargo traffic in major ports
7.5 Container traffic in major ports
19
19
20
21
21
8. Bunker Price
8.1 Development of bunker prices and crude oil price
22
9. Environmental and Transport Cost Figures
9.1 Comparative exhaust gas emission
9.2 Comparative transport distance in relation to CO 2 emission
9.3 Examples of the cost of sea transportation
9.4 Tank transportation and incidents of tanker spillage
9.5 Reduction of CO2 emissions
9.6 Future requirements for SOx and NOx reduction
23
23
23
24
24
24
Definitions
Source references and notes
25
26
10. Piracy
New page added June 2012
(27)
2
1: Key Figures of the Danish Merchant Fleet
Size of the Danish Merchant Fleet
1 May 2012
Number of ships
TDW (million)
GT (million)
603
13.9
11.5
Employment of the Danish Merchant Fleet
(Per cent based on GT) 1 May 2012
Liner trade
Tramp
Tanker trade
61
6
33
Danish Shipping Companies' Newbuilding
Programme 1 May 2012 (approx.)
Number of ships
TDW (million)
GT (million)
Total value (billion DKK)
116
6.1
6.9
60
Danish Shipping's most Important Markets
Per cent of the gross freight
EU
USA
Japan, East Asia
China incl. Hong Kong
27
12
15
15
Danish Share of the World Merchant Fleet
as per 1 January 2012
Container vessels
Product and chemical tankers
Passenger ships, ferries
LNG/LPG tankers
Total
Per cent
3.9
3.3
1.2
0.8
1.1
Average Age of the Merchant Fleet,
Denmark's merchant fleet (years) January 2012
World's merchant fleet (years) January 2012
Danish Shipping Companies' Foreign Currency Earnings
Foreign currency earnings 2011 (Billion DKK)
183
Per cent of total Danish foreign currency earnings
16
Number and Nationality of Seafarers on Board
Danish Ships 2010
Danish
Scandinavian and EU
Other countries
Total
9 600
2 000
5 600
17 100
Danish shippings companies employ approx.
30 000
International Standing of Danish Shipping
Danish shipping companies own 3 % of the world tonnage
5 % of the world tonnage is commercially operated from Denmark
The total Danish engagement, adding owned tonnage (incl tonnage chartered out) and tonnage chartered in, reaches
some 78 mill. DWT, based on various sources. That is about 6 % of the world tonnage - the biggest number ever.
Danish shipping companies transport about 10 % of world trade
Danish controlled shipping - mill. dwt
80
70
78
60
50
40
30
36
20
10
28
14
0
Danish flag
Other flags
8.2
9.6
Chartered
TOTAL
For statistical information, contact
Analyst Michael B. Clausen, e-mail: mbc@shipowners.dk, phone +45 33 48 92 36
3
2: Size and Composition of The Merchant Fleet
Table 2.1: Development of the Danish Merchant Fleet
As on 1 Jan.
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
May 2012
Number
of ships
Total fleet
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
Number
of ships
Tanker fleet
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
Dry cargo fleet
Number
GT
of ships
(1 000)
538
518
505
506
515
506
499
533
551
580
593
603
6 664
7 181
7 395
7 490
7 984
8 483
9 189
10 137
10 937
11 701
11 388
11 524
8 295
9 078
9 233
9 077
9 734
10 363
10 983
12 362
13 545
14 462
13 718
13 930
92
96
96
91
91
86
88
120
142
162
170
175
1 764
2 090
2 041
1 938
1 865
2 106
2 099
2 860
3 602
3 995
3 555
3 679
3 103
3 681
3 572
3 246
3 076
3 421
3 374
4 562
5 759
6 260
5 355
5 557
446
422
409
415
424
420
411
413
409
418
423
428
4 900
5 091
5 354
5 552
6 119
6 377
7 090
7 277
7 335
7 706
7 833
7 845
5 192
5 397
5 661
5 831
6 658
6 942
7 609
7 800
7 786
8 202
8 363
8 373
DWT
(1 000)
Table 2.2: Changes in the Danish Merchant Fleet
Year
Number
of ships
Gain
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
Number
of ships
Loss
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
Number
of ships
Net Gain
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
27
30
40
60
47
38
33
69
52
57
49
743
1 005
800
698
980
1 156
1 183
1 638
1 027
1 092
663
914
1 439
984
813
1 408
1 380
1 322
2 355
1 505
1 409
851
79
50
53
59
38
47
40
35
34
28
36
568
487
589
603
489
657
478
695
233
330
997
861
657
826
968
752
752
705
980
334
491
1 629
-52
-20
-13
1
9
-9
-7
34
18
29
13
175
518
211
95
491
499
705
943
800
762
-334
53
782
158
-155
656
628
617
1 375
1 183
918
-778
Pct.
Total
GT
(1 000)
Pct.
26.5
29.1
27.6
25.9
23.4
24.8
22.9
28.2
32.9
34.1
31.2
32.0
6 664
7 181
7 395
7 490
7 984
8 483
9 189
10 135
10 937
11 701
11 385
11 523
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
100
Table 2.3: Employment of the Danish Merchant Fleet
As on 1 Jan.
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
May 2012
Liner trade
GT
(1 000)
4 170
4 468
4 829
5 087
5 441
5 629
6 322
6 547
6 675
7 065
7 211
7 219
Pct.
Tramp
GT
(1 000)
Pct.
62.6
62.2
65.3
67.9
68.1
66.4
68.8
64.6
61.0
60.4
63.3
62.6
730
623
525
465
678
748
767
728
660
641
620
625
11.0
8.7
7.1
6.2
8.5
8.8
8.3
7.2
6.0
5.5
5.4
5.4
Tanker trade
GT
(1 000)
1 764
2 090
2 041
1 938
1 865
2 106
2 100
2 860
3 602
3 995
3 554
3 679
Merchant Fleet, Trade categories
GT (1 000) January 2002 - May 2012
12 000
10 000
8 000
6 000
4 000
2 000
0
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Liner
2007
Tramp
4
2008
2009
Tanker
2010
2011
2012
Table 2.4: The Danish Merchant Fleet by Ship Type
January 1, 2010
Number
GT
of ships (1 000)
Types of Ships Liner
Container
Ro-Ro
Other ships in liner trade
Passenger ships, ferries
Total
May 1, 2011
Number
GT
of ships (1 000)
May 1, 2012
Number
GT
of ships (1 000)
86
10
5
79
180
6 003
216
11
445
6 675
92
11
0
77
180
6 419
225
0
393
7 037
95
11
0
77
183
6 616
225
0
378
7 219
Types of Ships Tramp
Bulk carriers
Reefers
Other dry bulk etc.
Total
4
4
90
98
251
58
127
436
4
3
84
91
204
43
147
394
4
0
76
80
204
0
110
314
Types of Ships Tanker
Oil Tankers
Product tankers
Chemical tankers
LPG tankers
Total
3
87
49
3
142
322
2 474
512
294
3 602
3
115
48
4
170
322
3 074
283
398
4 077
0
120
51
4
175
0
2 983
299
398
3 680
Types of Ships Specialized
Cable-layers
Standby safety vessels
Tugs, supply vessels etc.
Total
The total fleet
3
29
99
131
551
13
25
186
224
10 937
3
32
113
148
589
13
32
213
258
11 766
3
33
129
165
603
13
32
266
311
11 524
Table 2.5: The Danish Merchant Fleet by Size and Age Groups, 1 May 2012
Age
Size
GT
Under 5 years
Number
GT
of ships
5-9 years
Number
GT
of ships
10-14 years
Number
GT
of ships
15-19 years
Number
GT
of ships
1003005001.0002.0003.0004.0006.0008.00010.00015.00020.00030.00050.000100.000Total
12
1 847
6
2 432
9
8 371
0
0
1
2 658
3
11 058
20
101 405
13
88 960
2
17 081
7
82 213
0
0
16
417 867
15
533 344
11
987 337
6
891 514
121 3 146 087
2
476
8
3 269
8
6 266
1
1 702
12
31 552
3
9 751
6
27 828
5
36 010
4
36 882
9 105 255
6 118 548
27 665 530
25 897 211
22 1 880 432
4 683 176
142 4 503 888
0
0
5
2 180
3
2 332
8
13 321
2
5 447
1
3 380
8
36 474
5
32 123
3
28 808
7
87 907
0
0
24
628 066
6
200 796
26 2 031 549
0
0
98 3 072 383
5
938
5
2 101
0
0
6
8 249
7 19 999
3 11 630
5 20 784
2 13 068
1
8 939
3 38 034
5 92 216
3 62 526
1 35 498
0
0
0
0
46 313 982
GT in pct.
27.3
39.1
26.7
2.7
20 years and above
Total
Number
GT
Number
GT
of ships
of ships
The average age of the Danish merchant fleet measured on tonnage as of 1 January 2012
The average age of the world merchant fleet measured on tonnage as of 1 January 2012
5
66
25
23
35
18
7
5
1
0
6
7
0
3
0
0
196
12 479
9 575
18 682
50 304
47 196
23 888
24 071
6 759
0
74 771
116 632
0
103 183
0
0
487 540
85
15 740
49
19 557
43
35 651
50
73 576
40
106 852
17
59 707
44
210 562
26
176 920
10
91 710
32
388 180
18
327 396
70 1 773 989
50 1 770 032
59 4 899 318
10 1 574 690
603 11 523 880
4.2
100
8.2 years
9.6 years
Table 2.6: Geographical Distribution of the World Merchant Fleet
1 July 1980
GT
Pct.
(1 000)
EU countries
Other industrialized countries
Open registers
Eastern Europe/the Balkans
Dynamic Asian countries
Other Asian countries
Latin America
Africa
Unknown
Total
136 620
89 680
107 085
27 565
16 858
25 058
12 159
4 885
0
419 910
33
21
26
7
4
6
3
1
0
100
Distribution of World Tonnage
by GT, 1 January 2012
Other Asian
countries
Latin
America
(see note)
1 January 2000
GT
Pct.
(1 000)
1 January 2012
GT
Pct.
(1 000)
125 984
60 019
212 195
8 830
46 792
46 209
9 044
3 928
2 355
515 356
194 041
49 843
491 201
7 929
143 820
73 131
9 299
5 538
2 194
976 996
24
12
41
2
9
9
2
1
0
100
20
5
50
1
15
7
1
1
0
100
The EU Merchant Fleet
Share of the world fleet 1980 - 2012
35
Africa
Unknown
Dynamic
Asian
countries
30
25
Percentage
EU countries
Eastern
Europe/the
Balkans
20
15
10
Other
industrialized
countries
5
0
1 July 1980
1 January 2000
1 January 2012
Open
registers
Table 2.7: World Merchant Fleet by Flag State 1 January 2012
No. Flag State
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Panama
Liberia
Marshall Islands
Hong Kong
Singapore
Bahamas
Malta
Greece
China
Cyprus
Italy
U.K.
Japan
Germany
Norway
Isle Of Man
South Korea
Denmark
Antigua & Barbuda
Bermuda
Indonesia
India
USA
Netherlands
Malaysia
Rest of the world
Total tonnage
(see note)
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
GT
in pct.
Number
of ships
208 500
115 955
71 372
69 200
51 960
47 174
44 312
41 086
35 812
20 439
17 683
16 418
16 295
15 071
14 242
12 696
11 224
11 138
10 989
10 429
9 095
8 715
8 313
6 730
6 672
95 476
976 996
319 254
180 746
116 264
115 125
79 783
61 184
70 458
72 377
56 281
32 489
20 985
17 529
22 809
17 337
17 988
21 854
18 325
13 561
14 193
10 028
12 591
14 992
9 641
7 355
9 014
128 339
1 460 502
21.3
11.9
7.3
7.1
5.3
4.8
4.5
4.2
3.7
2.1
1.8
1.7
1.7
1.5
1.5
1.3
1.1
1.1
1.1
1.1
0.9
0.9
0.9
0.7
0.7
9.8
100.0
6 728
2 848
1 685
1 854
1 810
1 172
1 685
1 159
2 696
832
938
626
3 395
499
963
333
1 240
431
1 258
148
3 034
499
479
802
576
16 624
54 314
6
Table 2.8: World Merchant Fleet by Owner Domicile, 1 January 2012 (see note)
No.
Country
1 Japan
2 Germany
3 Greece
4 China
5 South Korea
6 Bermuda
7 Denmark
8 USA
9 Taiwan
10 U.K.
11 Panama
12 Norway
13 Singapore
14 Hong Kong
15 Marshall Isl.
16 Liberia
17 Italy
18 Turkey
19 Russia
20 India
21 France
22 Bahamas
23 Cyprus
24 Indonesia
25 Belgium
Rest of the world
Total world tonnage
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
GT
in pct.
140 645
89 387
70 637
69 942
33 797
32 746
26 567
26 256
24 886
24 828
23 886
23 594
23 345
21 148
21 126
18 572
16 696
14 203
12 172
11 315
9 136
8 752
8 505
8 067
7 896
208 894
976 996
212 590
120 624
117 371
113 400
54 646
51 020
35 528
35 340
39 076
35 544
30 447
30 083
36 988
34 392
36 837
32 180
21 920
23 050
18 909
19 524
9 318
13 269
13 554
11 381
12 902
300 613
1 460 502
14.40
9.15
7.23
7.16
3.46
3.35
2.72
2.69
2.55
2.54
2.44
2.41
2.39
2.16
2.16
1.90
1.71
1.45
1.25
1.16
0.94
0.90
0.87
0.83
0.81
21.38
100.0
Number
of ships
4 674
3 829
1 954
3 665
1 357
625
856
868
707
794
475
1 438
1 131
696
534
552
917
1 387
1 357
465
308
216
356
1 498
183
23 472
54 314
Table 2.9: World Merchant Fleet by Main Type and Owner Domicile, 1 January 2012
Container
No.
Country
1.
Germany
2.
Japan
3.
Denmark
4.
China
5.
Taiwan
6.
Greece
7.
France
8.
Singapore
9.
South Korea
10.
U.K.
11.
Canada
12.
Bermuda
13.
Marshall Isl.
14.
Israel
15.
USA
16.
U.A.E.
17.
Cyprus
18.
Isle Of Man
19.
Netherlands
20.
Chile
21.
Indonesia
22.
Turkey
23.
Malaysia
24.
Switzerland
25.
Liberia
Rest of the world
Total world tonnage
GT (1 000)
54 286
13 371
13 071
9 737
7 741
7 426
6 641
4 986
4 855
4 088
3 435
3 215
2 890
1 976
1 827
1 672
1 420
1 215
1 081
1 027
816
811
690
676
649
21 199
170 798
Dry Bulk
Tank
Country
Japan
Greece
Bermuda
China
USA
Germany
Norway
Singapore
Liberia
U.K.
South Korea
Denmark
Russia
Bahamas
Hong Kong
Italy
Saudi Arabia
Panama
India
Iran
Malaysia
Taiwan
Qatar
Belgium
Turkey
GT (1 000)
39 432
30 406
17 904
13 825
12 620
12 552
10 850
10 575
10 179
9 515
8 756
8 631
8 073
7 386
7 172
7 047
6 473
5 930
5 806
5 169
5 026
5 016
4 954
4 779
4 532
62 871
325 481
7
Country
Japan
China
Greece
South Korea
Germany
Marshall Isl.
Taiwan
Hong Kong
Panama
Bermuda
U.K.
Liberia
Turkey
Singapore
USA
India
Norway
Brazil
Cyprus
Italy
Denmark
Canada
Isle Of Man
Belgium
Vietnam
GT (1 000)
70 283
38 263
28 340
17 909
13 966
13 952
11 031
10 560
10 010
9 064
8 302
7 362
6 400
6 362
5 079
4 977
4 787
4 187
4 033
3 947
3 248
2 662
2 448
2 386
1 775
54 923
346 256
Gen. Cargo, Passenger
Country
Japan
Germany
China
Panama
Norway
USA
Italy
Greece
Netherlands
Sweden
U.K.
Russia
Hong Kong
Bermuda
Turkey
South Korea
Indonesia
Finland
Malaysia
Denmark
Singapore
France
Vietnam
Taiwan
Spain
GT (1 000)
17 558
8 583
8 117
7 873
7 492
6 730
5 201
4 465
4 193
3 541
2 923
2 847
2 771
2 562
2 460
2 277
2 093
1 726
1 630
1 616
1 422
1 305
1 273
1 098
1 092
31 612
134 461
Table 2.10: World Merchant Fleet by Operator Domicile, 1 January 2012 (see note)
No.
Country
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Japan
China
Greece
Germany
USA
Denmark
South Korea
Singapore
U.K.
Switzerland
Hong Kong
Norway
Taiwan
Liberia
Bermuda
Marshall Isl.
Italy
France
Turkey
U.A.E.
Russia
Panama
India
Belgium
Indonesia
Total world tonnage
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
GT
in pct.
Number
of ships
119 847
73 628
58 824
56 756
50 665
50 246
48 853
46 484
36 537
33 447
33 354
28 193
27 507
22 964
18 971
18 341
17 264
15 790
13 135
12 164
12 117
10 858
10 814
10 119
9 571
140 548
976 996
173 589
115 443
101 339
83 017
67 588
70 159
71 630
78 844
56 917
46 845
54 900
34 041
40 947
41 370
28 883
32 908
20 012
17 614
20 488
18 723
17 872
19 168
18 461
15 281
13 198
201 265
1 460 502
12.27
7.54
6.02
5.81
5.19
5.14
5.00
4.76
3.74
3.42
3.41
2.89
2.82
2.35
1.94
1.88
1.77
1.62
1.34
1.25
1.24
1.11
1.11
1.04
0.98
14.39
100.00
5 971
4 149
2 118
2 742
1 588
1 713
2 105
2 054
980
638
1 343
1 597
876
565
340
613
991
471
1 762
598
1 599
708
582
312
3 084
14 815
54 314
Table 2.11: World Merchant Fleet by Main Type and Operator Domicile, 1 January 2012
Container
No.
Country
1.
Germany
2.
Denmark
3.
Switzerland
4.
China
5.
Japan
6.
France
7.
Taiwan
8.
South Korea
9.
USA
10.
Singapore
11.
Hong Kong
12.
Chile
13.
Israel
14.
U.A.E.
15.
Belgium
16.
Greece
17.
Netherlands
18.
Malaysia
19.
Indonesia
20.
Turkey
21.
Liberia
22.
Brazil
23.
U.K.
24.
Marshall Isl.
25.
India
Rest of the world
Total world tonnage
GT (1 000)
23 034
22 630
20 849
14 646
13 669
12 115
11 389
10 194
8 934
5 080
4 417
4 342
3 270
3 019
1 536
1 135
1 028
867
734
718
678
604
549
513
431
4 420
170 798
Tank
Dry Bulk
Country
GT (1 000)
Japan
29 421
Singapore
28 387
Greece
26 191
USA
24 368
U.K.
22 772
Denmark
15 233
China
14 159
Liberia
13 100
Norway
11 969
Bermuda
10 661
South Korea
9 881
Qatar
7 697
U.A.E.
7 587
Russia
7 324
Hong Kong
5 667
India
5 366
Italy
5 278
Iran
5 254
Taiwan
4 844
Germany
4 755
Marshall Isl.
4 666
Malaysia
4 257
Indonesia
3 925
Belgium
3 757
Turkey
3 044
45 920
325 481
Country
GT (1 000)
Japan
55 615
China
35 489
Greece
28 618
Germany
21 749
South Korea
21 690
Hong Kong
20 586
Marshall Isl.
12 759
Singapore
11 410
Switzerland
10 872
Denmark
10 193
Taiwan
10 144
U.K.
9 409
Liberia
8 717
Panama
8 043
Norway
7 055
Turkey
6 149
USA
6 137
Bermuda
5 187
India
4 518
Italy
4 384
Brazil
4 380
Belgium
3 701
Canada
3 671
Cyprus
3 235
Virgin Islands
2 489
30 058
346 256
8
Gen. cargo, Passenger
Country
GT (1 000)
Japan
21 142
USA
11 226
China
9 336
Norway
8 973
Germany
7 218
Italy
7 176
South Korea
7 088
Netherlands
4 179
U.K.
3 807
Russia
3 562
Turkey
3 224
Indonesia
3 218
Bermuda
3 073
Greece
2 881
Hong Kong
2 684
Denmark
2 190
Sweden
1 956
Finland
1 823
Singapore
1 607
Vietnam
1 564
France
1 489
Taiwan
1 130
Belgium
1 126
Ukraine
1 085
Dutch Antilles
1 039
20 665
134 461
Table 2.12: World Merchant Fleet by Ship Type, 1 January 2012 (see note)
No.
Flag State
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
Panama
Liberia
Marshall Islands
Hong Kong
Singapore
Bahamas
Malta
Greece
China
Cyprus
Italy
U.K.
Japan
Germany
Norway
Isle Of Man
South Korea
Denmark
Antigua & Barbuda
Bermuda
Indonesia
India
USA
Netherlands
Malaysia
Rest of the world
Total world tonnage
Tank
Dry bulk
42 262
41 157
37 960
14 906
23 432
24 358
16 167
24 693
7 740
5 685
5 595
1 508
6 319
453
7 163
8 155
1 587
3 612
88
5 473
3 467
5 147
1 979
583
5 354
30 638
325 481
107 146
33 359
24 495
39 117
13 620
10 250
18 715
12 634
18 225
9 084
4 495
1 730
6 117
377
3 274
4 061
7 194
204
884
1 805
1 574
2 953
996
460
212
23 275
346 256
1 000 GT
Container
Gen. Cargo
33 414
37 528
7 062
12 701
10 882
1 733
4 520
2 280
5 261
3 902
863
9 430
115
13 526
0
91
779
6 615
5 838
559
805
224
3 315
1 056
650
7 649
170 798
Other types
Total
4 620
1 012
324
82
301
7 014
2 087
1 233
883
457
4 102
1 249
1 026
412
756
18
263
408
29
2 592
708
55
419
1 397
34
9 258
40 739
208 500
115 955
71 372
69 200
51 960
47 174
44 312
41 086
35 813
20 439
17 683
16 418
16 295
15 071
14 242
12 696
11 224
11 138
10 989
10 429
9 095
8 714
8 313
6 730
6 672
95 476
976 996
World Total
Number
GT
of ships
(1 000)
Danish share
in pct.
(tonnage)
21 058
2 899
1 531
2 394
3 725
3 819
2 823
246
3 704
1 311
2 628
2 501
2 718
303
3 049
371
1 401
299
4 150
0
2 541
335
1 604
3 234
422
24 655
93 721
Table 2.13: Danish Share of Various Ship Types, 1 January 2012 (see note)
Danish Flag
Number
GT
of ships
(1 000)
Types of Ships
Container
Product and chemical tankers
Passenger ships/ferries
LNG/LPG tankers
Ro-Ro
General cargo
Crude oil tankers
Bulk carriers etc.
Reefers
Total
95
163
82
5
12
66
4
4
0
431
6 615
3 049
408
396
196
105
165
204
0
11 138
4 976
9 976
6 387
1 572
2 801
15 370
2 228
9 942
1 062
54 314
170 798
93 156
34 617
49 430
45 480
49 153
182 895
346 256
5 211
976 996
Development of the World Merchant Fleet 1995-2012
1 000 000
900 000
800 000
GT (1000)
700 000
600 000
500 000
400 000
300 000
200 000
100 000
0
1996 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 2012
9
3.87
3.27
1.17
0.81
0.43
0.21
0.09
0.06
0.00
1.14
Table 2.14: The EU Countries' Merchant Fleets, 1 January 2012
No. Flag State
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20.
21.
22.
23.
24.
25.
26
27
Malta
Greece
Cyprus
Italy
U.K.
Germany
Denmark
Netherlands
France
Belgium
Sweden
Spain
Finland
Portugal
Luxembourg
Lithuania
Bulgaria
Estonia
Irish Republic
Latvia
Romania
Poland
Slovakia
Austria
Hungary
Czech Republic
Slovenia
EU total
(see note)
Number
of ships
GT
(1 000)
DWT
(1 000)
1 685
1 159
832
938
626
499
431
802
271
91
273
169
154
151
43
45
39
29
52
19
10
45
6
0
0
0
0
8 369
44 312
41 086
20 439
17 683
16 418
15 071
11 138
6 730
6 589
4 277
3 263
2 518
1 471
1 093
599
368
306
287
161
116
52
45
19
0
0
0
0
194 041
70 458
72 377
32 489
20 985
17 529
17 337
13 561
7 355
8 583
6 521
1 579
2 344
1 202
1 182
613
305
433
70
233
42
38
32
22
0
0
0
0
275 288
Top Ten Merchant Fleets in the EU,
chartered and foreign flagged ships not included
GT (1 000), 1 January 2012
50 000
45 000
40 000
35 000
30 000
25 000
20 000
15 000
10 000
5 000
0
Malta
250
Greece
Cyprus
Italy
U.K.
Germany Denmark Netherlands France
Belgium
Development of the major European national merchant fleets 1980-2012 indexed
Denmark
200
150
100
50
0
1980
~
1988
1991
1994
1997
2000
2003
2006
Denmark
Norway
Sweden
Greece
UK
Germany
France
Netherlands
10
2009
Italy
2012
Table 2.15: World's 25 biggest shipowners by owned tonnage 1. Jan 2012
Rank Company (Group)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
Nippon Yusen Kaisha
COSCO
Mitsui OSK Lines Ltd
A.P. Moller - Maersk A/S
China Shipping Group Co
Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd
Zodiac Maritime Agencies Ltd
Anangel Shipping Enterprises
Carnival Corp
Shoei Kisen Kaisha Ltd
Teekay Corp
SOVCOMFLOT
Hanjin Shipping Holdings Co
Claus-Peter Offen Reederei
CMA CGM Holding & Co SAS
Cido Shipping HK Co Ltd
Nissen Kaiun Co Ltd
NITC
ER Schiffahrt GmbH & Cie KG
BW Group Ltd
Dynacom Tankers Management Ltd
Cardiff Marine Inc
Ship Finance International Ltd
Qatar Gas Transport - Nakilat
Dr Peters GmbH & Co KG
Total
Rest of companies
World total
Nationality
of Control
Japan
China
Japan
Denmark
China
Japan
U.K.
Greece
USA
Japan
Canada
Russia
South Korea
Germany
France
Hong Kong
Japan
Iran
Germany
Bermuda
Greece
Greece
Bermuda
Qatar
Germany
Ships
GT
391
585
376
320
422
221
123
77
98
141
100
129
90
89
88
144
105
46
99
64
58
61
50
29
59
3 965
50 349
54 314
22 459 117
21 934 690
20 474 738
17 926 635
13 111 462
11 826 765
7 903 136
7 699 209
7 613 568
7 184 064
7 140 111
6 585 179
6 369 330
5 880 922
5 727 607
5 556 435
5 412 266
5 146 063
5 123 867
4 982 551
4 741 703
4 486 134
4 415 568
4 356 136
4 281 339
214 057 256
762 938 256
976 995 512
DWT
29 680 034
36 387 620
27 783 441
22 548 977
20 003 150
15 690 476
10 855 322
14 351 133
791 075
9 554 307
11 057 394
11 549 085
9 447 296
7 182 778
6 136 526
6 719 842
9 824 879
9 728 445
6 783 350
7 532 146
8 490 250
8 339 932
8 218 658
3 609 022
7 633 239
302 265 138
1 158 236 369
1 460 501 507
Table 2.16: World's 25 biggest companies by operated tonnage 1. Jan 2012 (excl. short charters)
Rank Company (Group)
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
A.P. Moller - Maersk A/S
Mitsui OSK Lines Ltd
Nippon Yusen Kaisha
MSC Mediterranean Shipping Co
COSCON
Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd
CMA CGM SA The French Line
Oldendorff Carriers GmbH & Co
China Shipping Container Lines
Hanjin Shipping Co Ltd
SwissMarine Services SA
Hapag-Lloyd AG
Tankers UK Agencies Ltd
Hyundai Merchant Marine Co Ltd
APL Ltd
Sanko Steamship Co Ltd
Evergreen Marine Corp
NITC
Norden A/S Dampskibsselskabet
Frontline Ltd
CSAV
Zodiac Maritime Agencies Ltd
AET Inc Ltd
STX Pan Ocean Co Ltd
Torm A/S
Total
Rest of companies
World total
Nationality
of control
Denmark
Japan
Japan
Svitzerland
China
Japan
France
Germany
China
South Korea
Switzerland
Germany
U.K.
South Korea
USA
Japan
Taiwan
Iran
Denmark
Norway
Chile
U.K.
Malaysia
South Korea
Denmark
Ships
GT
647
534
358
357
457
329
232
299
232
174
135
169
46
104
128
139
138
46
143
35
95
72
67
118
102
5 156
49 158
54 314
11
29 654 642
27 430 331
21 062 245
20 861 539
18 688 738
18 382 794
11 859 508
11 410 483
10 916 847
10 199 846
9 401 864
7 817 905
7 494 311
7 210 831
6 786 036
6 294 553
6 155 765
5 146 063
5 112 073
4 801 771
4 736 891
4 608 393
4 561 472
4 546 746
4 150 018
269 291 665
707 703 847
976 995 512
DWT
36 752 889
34 933 072
26 191 103
23 537 216
28 572 780
23 037 310
13 335 708
20 720 415
15 856 046
14 211 965
18 030 479
9 071 309
14 306 071
10 336 442
7 468 228
11 391 629
6 625 703
9 728 445
9 265 853
9 172 000
4 915 529
8 391 864
8 411 494
7 504 207
7 255 070
379 022 827
1 081 478 680
1 460 501 507
3: Shipbuilding
Table 3.1: Danish Shipping Companies' Newbuilding Programme, 1 May 2012 *)
Expected
delivery
Number
of ships
2012
2013
2014
2015+
Total
60
32
17
7
GT
1 601 418
1 838 595
1 640 600
1 050 000
DWT
2 148 767
2 093 747
1 673 297
1 019 500
(see note)
Total
order value
Mill. DKK
16 854
19 462
17 378
6 809
116
6 130 613 6 935 311
60 503
* Confirmed newbuildings by Danish shipowners
Table 3.2: The Shipping Companies' Investments for Danish Flag
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
10 313
5 960
5 394
6 174
5 219
5 056
6 135
4 856
7 950
8 201
4 348
2 530
421
782
30
652
48
2 251
1 201
1 216
5 525
1 674
419
181
10 734
6 742
5 424
6 826
5 267
7 307
7 336
6 072
13 475
9 875
4 767
2 711
Sale
(see note)
Net invest.
2 340
1 644
998
678
1 977
1 955
3 463
3 553
2 364
4 467
798
1 254
8 394
5 098
4 426
6 148
3 290
5 352
3 873
2 519
11 111
5 408
3 969
1 457
Shipping Investments for Danish Flag
Newbuildings and secondhand tonnage
14 000
12 000
10 000
Mill. DKK
Year
Mill. DKK
Newbuildings Secondhand
Total
8 000
6 000
4 000
2 000
0
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
Secondhand
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Newbuildings
Table 3.3: Danish Shipping Companies' Yearly Contracting
Number
of ships
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
29
21
73
109
61
149
142
140
7
31
53
GT
634 672
894 740
2 588 688
5 016 512
2 178 232
3 555 356
2 967 120
4 876 264
5 593
417 676
4 065 221
Order value
Mill. DKK
6 627
8 079
16 825
36 994
17 176
34 987
27 272
40 611
660
7 434
40 084
Yearly contracting for domestic and foreign flag
6 000
5 000
4 000
1000 BT
Year
3 000
2 000
1 000
0
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
Table 3.4: The Danish Merchant Fleet by Country of Building, 1 May 2012
Built in:
Denmark
South Korea
China
Germany
Japan
Taiwan
Norway
Rest of the world
Total
Number
of ships
185
60
74
64
9
7
59
145
603
GT
(1 000)
GT
in pct.
5 595
2 232
1 542
916
328
181
158
572
11 524
48.6
19.4
13.4
7.9
2.8
1.6
1.4
5.0
100.0
Merchant Fleet - Country of Building
GT, 1 May 2012
Taiwan
Japan
Norway
Rest of world
Germany
China
South Korea
12
Denmark
2011
Table 3.5: The World's Total Newbuilding Orders by Country of Building
No. Country
of building
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
China
South Korea
Japan
Philippines
Brazil
Vietnam
India
Taiwan
Romania
Iran
Turkey
Russia
USA
Croatia
Netherlands
Indonesia
Rest of the world
Total
1 January 2010
Number
DWT
of ships
(1 000)
3 159
1 692
1 275
117
43
271
146
48
67
21
162
56
17
29
55
33
351
7 509
194 865
161 342
89 026
11 901
3 587
4 723
5 400
2 791
2 848
866
1 519
853
692
968
398
609
6 363
488 142
1 January 2011
Number
DWT
of ships
(1 000)
2 725
1 375
1 072
108
50
223
138
43
40
22
127
64
10
21
47
7
265
6 330
1 January 2012
Number
DWT
of ships
(1 000)
184 067
145 029
74 909
13 317
3 673
4 027
3 923
2 622
1 616
837
1 143
500
317
764
335
211
2 449
439 528
2 215
1 039
852
77
48
200
105
37
35
23
86
77
12
18
42
29
219
5 085
145 174
105 166
60 049
9 031
3 635
3 476
2 838
2 603
1 285
837
690
612
526
470
282
243
1 347
338 021
World's Top Five Shipbuilding
Countries, Yard Domicile
DWT (Million), 1 January 2012
160
140
120
100
80
60
40
20
0
China
South Korea
Japan
Philippines
Brazil
Table 3.6: The World's Total Newbuilding Orders by Ship Type
General cargo
Container
Ro-Ro
Tankers
Bulk carriers
Total
1 197
871
259
2 059
3 123
7 509
12 366
55 935
3 915
142 316
273 610
488 142
1 January 2011
Number
DWT
of ships
(1 000)
1 006
616
203
1 517
2 988
6 330
10 510
45 769
2 860
123 496
256 894
439 529
World's Top Five Newbuilding
Countries, Owner Domicile
1 January 2012
Number
DWT
of ships
(1 000)
802
628
144
1 116
2 395
5 085
9 977
50 504
1 525
82 029
193 986
338 021
50
40
DWT (Million)
Type of Ship
1 January 2010
Number
DWT
of ships
(1 000)
30
20
10
0
China
Japan
Greece
Hong Kong South Korea
Table 3.7: The World's Total Newbuilding Orders by Owner Domicile, 1 January 2012 (See note)
No. Company
Domicile
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
China
Japan
Greece
Hong Kong
South Korea
Singapore
Germany
Taiwan
Brazil
Panama
U.K.
Denmark
Bermuda
Liberia
USA
Turkey
Switzerland
Norway
Marshall Islands
Rest of the world
I alt
Gen.cargo / Ro-Ro
Number
DWT
of Ships
(1 000)
62
49
4
14
39
40
120
3
1
3
13
6
0
0
4
25
3
50
1
509
946
955
483
82
152
1 420
804
1 457
56
11
44
97
38
0
0
73
201
54
1 140
3
4 432
11 502
Container
Number
DWT
of Ships
(1 000)
73
19
16
20
43
23
108
58
4
8
19
44
4
6
30
2
39
4
6
102
628
5 190
1 314
910
2 580
3 875
965
6 432
5 005
151
406
1 276
5 721
232
311
3 826
39
5 349
134
432
6 356
50 504
Tankers
Number
DWT
of Ships
(1 000)
88
65
104
31
20
77
19
9
31
25
14
27
41
24
26
62
4
38
15
396
1 116
3 588
3 777
9 407
4 503
3 893
5 807
342
1 634
2 659
3 058
956
2 427
5 956
5 076
2 847
2 173
242
2 723
1 888
19 073
82 029
Bulk carriers
Number
DWT
of Ships
(1 000)
379
299
168
132
82
106
90
61
24
84
59
27
49
36
13
66
11
14
57
638
2 395
29 186
27 360
13 944
11 250
8 031
7 603
6 407
5 689
8 960
6 367
7 455
1 342
3 229
2 521
961
4 200
627
1659
3 259
43 936
193 986
The figures in the tables 3.5, 3.6 and 3.7 differ from the statistics of the Danish Shipowners' Association
13
Total
Number
DWT
of Ships
(1 000)
602
432
292
197
184
246
337
131
60
120
105
104
94
66
73
155
57
106
79
1 645
5 085
38 919
32 934
24 343
18 485
17 219
15 179
14 638
12 384
11 781
9 875
9 784
9 528
9 417
7 908
7 707
6 613
6 272
5 656
5 582
73 797
338 021
4: Earnings of Danish Shipping Companies
Table 4.1: Danish Shipping's Foreign Currency Earnings
Year
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
Per cent of Denmark's export
6
6
7
6
6
9
9
12
12
13
12
14
16
14
16
16
16
14
17
16
Billion DKK
26
31
34
33
37
45
46
50
85
100
90
100
120
130
160
175
190
140
176
183
Table 4.2: Danish Shipping Companies' Foreign Currency Earnings by Region (See note)
Region
Per cent of total
Denmark
Europe
Russia
Africa
Middle East, India
Japan, East Asia
China incl. Hong Kong
Australia, New Zealand
USA, Canada
South America
2
27
1
7
10
15
15
3
12
8
Foreign Currency Earnings
Billion DKK 1993-2011
200
150
100
50
0
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
14
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
Table 4.3: Danish Balance of Payments
(See note)
Earnings
Export of goods (fob)
Payment of employees
Travel
Other services
Transfers from EU
Capital income
Other transactions
Total earnings
2004
448 887
6 357
34 026
191 535
10 942
70 158
19 607
781 512
Million DKK
2005
2006
2007
2008
496 207
538 248
545 428
581 019
5 192
5 858
5 591
4 516
29 721
33 221
0
0
232 004
277 616
334 267
368 253
9 638
9 410
8 875
9 156
136 068
157 742
182 384
185 049
13 400
11 138
13 550
14 243
922 230 1 033 233 1 090 095 1 162 236
2009
2010
2011
491 090 538 262
599382
4 783
6 650
6740
0
0
0
295 909 339 944
352229
10 212
8 506
9192
135 297 146 299
180799
14 510
13 894
14167
951 801 1 053 555 1 162 509
Expenses
Import of goods (fob)
Payment of employees
Other services
Travel
Transfers from EU
Capital income
Other transactions
Total expenses
2004
393 419
7 336
163 490
43 681
16 547
82 229
38 992
745 694
2005
451 824
8 897
184 641
38 788
16 430
131 618
31 354
863 552
2009
448 370
18 260
272 261
0
19 776
100 779
33 326
892 772
35 818
58 678
Net earnings
2006
2007
2008
522 162
547 707
584 717
10 449
16 321
20 304
227 552
292 569
317 215
44 051
0
0
17 459
18 678
19 181
137 056
170 904
153 443
30 450
31 926
32 137
989 179 1 078 105 1 126 997
44 054
11 990
35 239
59 029
2010
2011
489 774
547698
16 234
16707
291 798
306101
0
0
19 220
19751
104 128
120699
35 551
35766
956 705 1 046 722
96 850
115 787
Development of USD/DKK
annual average rate of exchange
DKK
8.50
7.50
6.50
5.50
5.36
4.50
1991
1993
1995
1997
1999
2001
15
2003
2005
2007
2009
2011
5: Development in Freight Rates
Table 5.1: Charter Rates for Tankers
Crude Oil Tankers
VLCC
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
2008
2009
2010
114
77
75
76
137
139
158
47
69
67
49
58
89
57
45
34
20
13
31
19
17
12
23
28
39
28
62
40
48
53
39
58
25
17
13
11
28
20
35
Product Tankers
LR2 (85 000 - 110 000 DWT)
Single Voyage - $ 1 000/day
2011
2012
2008
15
26
29
13
13
18
10
7
6
8
19
19
15
27
23
32
41
37
26
20
18
27
50
53
70
74
75
50
33
44
2009
2010
2011
2012
24
31
15
9
8
12
13
13
21
25
20
27
18
23
21
17
13
17
16
16
23
21
9
12
15
17
13
8
9
15
17
11
16
16
16
13
7
9
13
8
5
4
9
Table 5.2: Charter Rates for Dry Cargo Ships
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
2008
102
101
116
126
175
159
139
118
64
22
7
9
95
Capesize
(100 000 - 199 000 DWT)
Single Voyage - $ 1 000/day
2009
2010
2011
2012
2008
14
39
10
10
61
31
32
7
6
53
21
36
10
6
67
17
31
8
7
67
36
46
9
82
68
37
11
79
54
17
12
73
40
28
13
54
30
34
26
42
41
39
29
12
66
35
26
7
52
24
29
4
39
33
16
50
Panamax
(50 000 - 79 999 DWT)
2009
4
11
15
11
18
26
27
20
21
23
32
30
20
2010
31
26
33
32
36
29
19
24
26
20
19
18
26
2011
15
14
17
14
14
16
13
13
14
17
15
15
15
2012
11
7
8
11
Table 5.3: Baltic Dry Index
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
7 170
6 874
8 160
8 265
10 400
10 173
8 936
7 403
4 975
1 892
819
743
6 318
905
1 816
1 958
1 659
2 540
3 823
3 362
2 685
2 358
2 746
3 941
3 572
2 614
3 168
2 678
3 207
3 043
3 838
3 088
1 910
2 432
2 719
2 693
2 321
2 031
2 761
1 401
1 181
1 493
1 343
1 352
1 433
1 366
1 387
1 840
2 072
1 835
1 869
1 548
1 039
703
Baltic Dry Index
BDI
Linear Index
500
12 000
450
10 000
400
350
8 000
300
250
6 000
200
4 000
150
100
2 000
50
0
2006
871
16
0
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
Table 5.4: Liner Trade - Container Freight Index
Liner (2006 = 100)
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
104
105
106
105
101
104
105
98
96
95
91
87
100
90
89
87
88
89
93
96
98
101
100
99
102
94
98
95
92
88
89
89
89
93
97
90
86
73
90
62
59
57
56
53
53
60
65
69
75
75
84
64
98
104
111
115
119
125
127
120
117
109
109
111
114
114
108
106
102
103
103
106
106
108
109
107
109
107
Tabel 5.5: Charter Rates for Cellular Container Ships
3 000 TEU
Month
January
February
March
April
May
June
July
August
September
October
November
December
Average
2008
31
31
31
31
30
30
28
24
17
13
11
10
24
2009
8
7
7
6
6
5
5
6
5
5
5
5
6
1 700 TEU
2010
5
6
7
9
11
13
13
14
14
14
14
14
11
$ 1 000/day
2012
8
8
8
8
2011
16
17
17
17
17
17
15
14
13
10
10
9
14
8
2008
18
18
18
18
18
17
17
13
12
10
7
6
14
2009
6
6
5
5
5
5
4
5
4
4
4
4
5
2010
4
5
5
5
6
8
8
8
8
8
8
8
7
2011
9
11
12
12
12
12
11
11
11
9
9
8
11
Charter Rates - Indexed - Container / Tank / Bulk
2006 - 2012
Panamax bulk reached above index 500 in October 2007 and May 2008
225
200
Index (2006 = 100)
175
150
125
100
75
50
25
0
2006
2007
2008
financial 2009
crisis
3000 TEU Container
17
2010
LR2 Tank
Panamax Bulk
2011
2012
2012
7
7
7
7
7
6: Employment Statistics of the Industry
Table 6.1: Seafarers on board Danish Ships
As of Sept.
Danish
EU+EEA*
Other Foreign
Total
1990
1991
1992
1993
1994
1995
1996
1997
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
9 000
10 012
10 064
9 684
9 296
9 006
8 565
9 968
9 332
8 768
9 302
8 689
9 054
8 528
8 360
8 648
9 414
9 344
9 424
9 895
180
191
155
176
168
336
336
386
434
303
436
349
349
348
1 558
1 541
1 683
1 575
1 976
2 168
1 190
1 640
1 627
1 790
1 927
2 303
2 489
2 558
2 731
2 982
3 118
3 244
2 953
3 158
2 440
2 802
3 341
3 749
4 806
5 692
10 370
11 843
11 846
11 650
11 391
11 645
11 390
12 912
12 497
12 053
12 856
12 282
12 356
12 034
12 358
12 991
14 438
14 668
16 206
17 755
#
*) 1989 - 1994 EU12; 1995 - 2003 EU15 + EEA; 2004 - 2006 EU25 + EEA
#) A revised employment table is in production, based on a new muster-roll from the DMA
Seafarers on board Danish Ships
10 000
8 000
6 000
4 000
2 000
0
1990
1992
1994
1996
Danish
1998
2000
EU+EEA*
2002
2004
2006
2008
2010
Other Foreign
Table 6.2: Direct and Indirect Employment in the Danish Maritime Cluster
Industry
Shipping and maritime services
Shipbuilding etc.
Equipment manufacturing
Offshore exploitation
Fishing
Total
The Danish Maritime Cluster's share
of the total Danish employment (%)
Direct
Indirect
Total
50 000
1 000
23 000
2 000
4 000
80 000
19 000
2 000
10 000
2 500
1 500
35 000
69 000
3 000
33 000
4 500
5 500
115 000
2.9
1.3
4.2
18
7: World Trade by Sea
Table 7.1: The World Trade by Sea
Year
Oil
cargo
(mill. tons)
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2011
2 070
2 109
2 179
2 237
2 223
2 356
2 486
2 576
2 669
2 747
2 735
2 666
2 998
3 072
Yearly
change
(pct.)
Bulk
cargo
(mill. tons)
1
2
3
3
-1
6
6
4
4
3
0
-3
12
2
1 154
1 159
1 281
1 312
1 379
1 459
1 590
1 696
1 823
1 944
2 046
2 027
2 309
2 455
Yearly
change
(pct.)
Other
cargo
(mill. tons)
0
0
11
2
5
6
9
7
7
7
5
-1
14
6
Yearly
change
(pct.)
2 189
2 296
2 453
2 478
2 614
2 734
2 899
3 000
3 147
3 256
3 347
3 156
3 066
3 310
Total
(mill. tons)
1
5
7
1
5
5
6
3
5
3
3
-6
-3
8
5 413
5 564
5 913
6 027
6 216
6 549
6 975
7 272
7 639
7 947
8 128
7 849
8 373
8 837
Yearly
change
(pct.)
1
3
6
2
3
5
7
4
5
4
2
-3
7
6
Capacity
TEU
Yearly
change
Container
transport
Yearly
change
(1 000 TEU)
(pct.)
(1 000 TEU)
(pct.)
1750
4 299
4 528
4 958
5 569
6 137
6 683
7 326
8 268
9 594
10 925
12 368
13 058
14 282
15 407
34.1
17
5
9
12
10
9
10
13
16
14
13
6
9
8
56 900
62 200
69 600
72 300
81 100
91 900
105 700
116 000
127 500
141 700
148 900
130 400
149 900
161 000
4
9
12
4
12
13
15
10
10
11
5
-12
15
7
Table 7.2: Sea Transport of Important Bulk Commodities
2000
Crude oil
Oil products
Iron ore
Grain
Coal
2001
1 656
523
447
516
264
2002
1 684
553
450
550
260
Mill. tons
2004
2005
2003
1 667
556
480
573
271
1 770
586
516
619
264
1 850
636
587
660
275
2006
1 885
691
658
688
272
2007
1 933
736
723
729
292
2008
1 984
763
783
772
305
2009
1 964
771
843
795
322
1 920
746
849
777
320
80 - 90 % of the total world trade volume is transported by sea.
The World Trade by Sea
Mill. tonnes, 1998 - 2011
9 000
8 000
7 000
6 000
5 000
4 000
3 000
2 000
1 000
0
1998
1999
2000
2001
2002
2003
2004
2005
Other
2006
Bulk
19
2007
Oil
2008
2009
2010
2011
2010
1 969
798
987
900
343
2011
2 016
822
1 060
954
355
Table 7.3: World Trade Flows 2010 - Main Routes for Container Traffic, Product Tank and Bulk
Main Container Routes
(measured in teu-nautical miles)
Asia-North
America
19%
Asia-Europe
29%
Other
Shortsea
Routes
3%
Interasian
shortsea
6%
Interasian
deepsea
Asia-Africa
3%
5%
Other
Deepsea
Routes
25%
Europa-North
Amerca
3%
Asia-Latin
America
7%
Main Routes for Product Tankers
(measured in ton-miles)
Other routes
49%
North
AmericaEurope
4%
Europe-North
America
8%
Asia-Europe
4%
Interasian
11%
Asia-Latin
America
4%
Europe-Africa
3%
Middle EastAsia
8%
North
America-Asia
3%
Europe-Asia
8%
Main Routes for Capesize Bulk
(measured in ton-miles)
Latin AmericaEurope
6%
N.AmericaEurope
3%
Asia-Europe
5%
Australia-Asia
23%
Africa-Europe
3%
North AmericaAsia
6%
Africa-Asia
8%
Interasian
shortsea
8%
Latin AmericaAsia
33%
Interasian
deepsea
5%
20
Table 7.4: Total Cargo Traffic in Major Ports
Rank
Port
Country
Top 10
1 Shanghai
China
2 Singapore
Singapore
3 Rotterdam
Netherlands
4 Guangzhou
China
5 Tianjin
China
6 Ningbo
China
7 Qingdao
China
8 Hong Kong
China
9 Busan
Korea
10 Houston
USA
Other selected ports
11 Port of South L.A. USA
12 Port Hedland Australia
18 Nagoya
Japan
19 Antwerp
Belgium
20 Tubarao
Brazil
28 Xiamen
China
30 Vancouver
Canada
37 Amsterdam
Netherlands
41 Primorsk
Russia
Fredericia
Denmark
Unit
------------------------------- (mill. tons) ------------------------------- Average ann. growth
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2006 - 2010 (%)
mt
ft*
mt
mt
mt
mt
mt
mt
ft*
mt
470.4
448.5
378.2
302.8
257.6
309.7
224.2
238.2
217.9
201.5
492.3
483.6
406.8
343.3
309.5
345.2
265.0
245.4
243.6
202.9
511.4
515.5
421.1
347.0
265.2
363.6
278.3
259.4
241.7
204.6
505.8
472.3
387.0
364.0
381.1
371.5
274.3
243.0
226.2
220.0
534.4
501.6
429.9
425.6
416.9
408.2
350.1
267.8
263.0
252.8
3.2
2.8
3.2
8.9
12.8
7.1
11.8
3.0
3.4
6.9
mt
mt
ft*
mt
mt
mt
mt
mt
mt
mt
216.3
111.8
208.0
167.4
119.4
72.8
79.6
84.3
66.0
16.1
234.1
130.7
215.6
182.9
130.3
81.2
82.7
87.8
74.2
15.3
212.0
159.4
218.1
189.4
127.6
97.0
114.6
94.8
75.6
14.4
226.7
178.6
165.1
157.8
102.0
111.0
101.9
86.7
79.1
13.3
223.3
199.0
185.7
178.2
132.0
127.3
118.4
90.6
77.6
12.9
0.8
15.5
-2.8
1.6
2.5
15.0
10.4
1.8
4.2
-5.0
*Note: Some ports state cargo traffic in ft (freight tons) which is not directly comparable with mt (metric tons)
(Se explanation of freight tons in the vocabulary)
Table 7.5: Container Traffic in Major Ports
Rank
Port
Top 10
1 Shanghai
2 Singapore
3 Hong Kong
4 Shenzhen
5 Busan
6 Ningbo
7 Guangzhou
8 Qingdao
9 Dubai Ports
10 Rotterdam
Other selected ports
14 Antwerp
15 Hamburg
16 Los Angeles
17 Tanjung Pela.
29 Tokyo
32 Colombo
34 Ho Chi Minh
37 Balboa
46 Ambarli
Århus
------------------------------- (1 000 units) -------------------------------Average ann. growth
2006
2007
2008
2009
2010
2006 - 2010 (%)
Country
China
Singapore
China
China
Korea
China
China
China
U.A.E.
Netherlands
Belgium
Germany
USA
Malaysia
Japan
Sri Lanka
Vietnam
Panama
Turkey
Denmark
19 631
24 792
23 539
18 253
12 039
7 037
6 477
7 685
8 923
9 690
26 150
27 936
23 999
21 099
13 255
9 430
9 259
9 462
10 650
10 791
27 981
29 918
24 494
21 416
13 446
11 220
11 000
10 320
11 827
10 784
24 912
25 866
21 104
18 045
11 980
10 433
11 016
10 250
11 124
9 780
29 003
26 021
23 698
22 341
14 185
13 071
12 487
12 010
11 576
11 146
10.2
1.2
0.2
5.2
4.2
16.7
17.8
11.8
6.7
3.6
7 019
8 882
8 470
4 637
3 696
1 335
1 621
989
1 403
259
8 176
9 917
8 355
5 298
3 721
1 546
2 722
1 834
1 783
299
8 663
9 737
7 850
5 466
3 727
3 690
3 161
2 168
2 150
272
7 310
7 008
6 749
6 016
3 383
3 481
3 170
2 012
1 794
228
8 468
7 898
7 832
6 299
4 284
3 988
3 962
2 759
2 464
261
8.8
-2.9
-1.9
8.0
3.8
31.5
25.0
29.2
15.1
0.0
Turnover in the Top 50 Container Ports, by Region
160000
1000 units
140000
120000
China
100000
Rest of Asia
80000
Europe
60000
USA
40000
Other ports
20000
0
2006
2007
2008
2009
21
2010
8: Development of bunker prices
Table 8.1 : Prices of IFO 180 cst. (Heavy Fuel) and MDO (Marine Diesel Oil) in Europe and USA
USD per ton
Europe (includes Hamburg, Rotterdam and Le Havre)
2009
2010
Month
IFO 180
MDO
IFO 180
MDO
January
269.70
503.30
509.00
663.30
February
283.30
410.00
488.70
643.30
March
287.30
466.30
496.00
650.30
April
309.70
434.70
513.30
727.30
May
369.70
466.70
458.30
646.00
June
419.70
557.00
458.70
668.20
July
415.70
531.00
450.30
631.30
August
450.00
581.30
455.00
641.70
September
429.00
556.00
471.30
698.30
October
468.70
621.70
484.00
730.70
November
487.30
630.70
503.00
749.30
December
489.70
629.00
527.70
805.00
Average
389.98
532.31
484.61
687.89
2011
IFO 180
540.30
612.30
668.00
735.30
662.30
664.30
717.30
704.30
694.00
698.30
697.70
677.30
672.62
MDO
833.30
919.70
1 040.00
1 047.70
957.30
916.00
1 006.70
962.00
951.70
993.30
984.70
961.00
964.45
USA (includes Los Angeles, Houston and New York)
2009
2010
Month
IFO 180
MDO
IFO 180
MDO
January
293.30
486.70
509.30
713.30
February
285.00
453.30
477.30
666.70
March
276.60
451.70
480.70
675.00
April
295.00
461.70
506.30
715.00
May
360.00
511.70
441.00
661.70
June
400.00
545.00
459.70
682.50
July
411.70
556.70
457.20
687.20
August
435.00
590.00
454.00
690.00
September
432.30
603.30
465.00
693.30
October
461.00
626.70
489.00
736.70
November
479.30
656.70
495.30
803.60
December
486.00
656.00
537.70
813.30
Average
384.60
549.96
481.04
711.53
2011
IFO 180
554.70
643.30
679.00
709.70
661.70
667.30
711.30
670.00
672.30
696.70
659.70
680.30
667.17
MDO
831.70
928.30
1 008.70
1 054.00
961.70
970.00
1 015.00
961.70
968.30
1 011.30
988.30
975.00
972.83
2012
IFO 180
MDO
714.50
982.10
730.30
1 037.10
722.40
1 009.60
2012
IFO 180
MDO
715.30
990.80
753.30
1 048.10
734.30
1 019.45
Development of Bunker Prices 2006-2012
1400.00
1200.00
800.00
600.00
400.00
200.00
0.00
2006
2007
2008
ifo eur
2009
ifo usa
2010
2011
mdo eur
2012
mdo usa
Crude Oil Price per Barrel - Brent - Yearly Average 1976-2011
140.00
120.00
100.00
USD
USD per ton
1000.00
80.00
60.00
40.00
20.00
0.00
1978
1982
1986
1990
1994
22
1998
2002
2006
2010
9. Environmental and Transport Cost Figures
Table 9.1 Comparative Exhaust Gas Emission by Different Transport Modes
Emission of Gasses by Air, Land and Sea Transport
6
5.4
gram per ton-km
5
3.79
4
3
2.6
2
1.3
0.8
1
0.6
0.54
0.24
0.12
0.09
0.03
0.36
0
CO2 (x100)
NOx (Nitrogen oxide)
Air freight
CO (Carbon oxide)
Heavy truck
SOx (Sulphur oxide)
Cargo vessel
Tabel 9.2: Comparative Transport Distance / CO 2 Emission
Transport Distance for 1 Ton Gargo per kg CO2 Emission
Air plane
02
Heavy truck
9
Ro-Ro ship
30
Freight train
41
Container ship
54
General cargo ship
73
Product tanker
91
Bulk carrier
217
VLCC tanker
236
0
50
100
150
200
250
km
Tabel 9.3: Examples of Ocean Freight Cost between USA and Asia or Europe and Asia
Commodity
Unit
TV set
DVD player
Vacuum cleaner
Liquor
Coffee
Biscuits
Beer
1 unit
1 unit
1 unit
1 bottle
1 kg
1 tin
1 can
Retail Price
(USD)
Ocean Freight
(USD)
Ocean Freight
in pct.
700.00
200.00
150.00
30.00
15.00
3.00
1.00
10.00
1.50
1.00
0.15
0.15
0.05
0.01
1.43
0.75
0.67
0.50
1.00
1.67
1.00
23
Table 9.4: Tank Transportation og Oil Spills
Global Seaborne Oil Transport and Incidents of Tanker Spillage
No.
Billion tonne-milesl
12000
100
90
80
70
60
10000
8000
6000
50
40
30
20
10
4000
2000
0
0
1970
1975
1980
1985
1990
1995
Seaborne Oil Transport (tonne-miles)
2000
2005
2010
No. Of spills per year > 7 tons
Table 9.5: Reduction of CO2 emissions
Danish Owners' Relative CO2 Reduction (%)
30
25
20
15
10
5
0
2008
2009
2010
2011
Relative CO2 reduction since 2008
Year
Fuel consumption in mill. Tons
CO2 emission in mill. tons
2008
14
45
2009
11
34
2010
12
38
2011
12
37
Deadweight in mill. Tons
CO2 emission / deadweight
50
0.89
45
0.76
52
0.72
55
0.67
Table 9.6: Future Requirements for SOx and NOx Reduction
Reduction Requirements 2008 - 2030
Pct.
120
SOx - Globally
100
80
SOx - Emission control
-areas
60
NOx - New engines Emission controlareas
40
20
NOx - New engines Globally
24
2030
2029
2028
2027
2026
2025
2024
2023
2022
2021
2020
2019
2018
2017
2016
2015
2014
2013
2012
2011
2010
2009
2008
0
Vocabulary
Bareboat Charter - A shipping company
lets or leases a ship without crew, typically
for a longer period.
Oil Tanker - Ship transporting oil or oil
products in bulk.
Bulk Carrier - A ship constructed for transport
of bulk cargoes, such as coal and grain.
Panamax – Vessel of about 60,000 – 80,000
DWT. The largest type of vessel being able to
pass the Panama Canal.
Bunkers - Trade term for ship’s fuel,
typically oil.
Product Tanker - A ship transporting
refined oil products.
Cable-layer - A ship specially constructed
for the laying and repairing of telegraph
cables across oceans.
Reefer - Ship transporting refrigerated and
frozen goods.
Ro-Ro Ship - A ship where the cargo is driven
on board and ashore, i.e. by means of lorries or
other special vehicles.
Capesize – Bulk carrier of the size from
100,000 to 200,000 dwt.
Chemical Tanker - A ship transporting
chemicals.
Salvage and Tug Ship - A ship helping other
ships in and out of ports and when salvage is
required.
Container Ship - A ship transporting
containers in cargo compartments
specially fitted with vertical guides for
steering the containers during loading
and unloading and for keeping them in
place during transport.
Stand-by/Safety Vessel - A vessel working as
a stand-by safety, fire fighting and waste
disposal vessel in the offshore industry.
Tanker Market - Transportation of liquid cargo
on board ships in free trade, typically chartered
for single trips (trip charter).
Cross Trades - Transport of goods
between foreign ports.
Dry Bulk - Cargo carried by bulk carriers,
e.g. coal and grain, as opposed to tank cargo.
Time Charter - A shipping line lets or leases a
ship complete with crew for a certain period of
time.
DWT - The total weight which a ship can
carry, including cargo, provisions, fuel,
stores, bunkers, crew, spares, etc., up to
the ship’s summer load line. (Plimsoll Line).
Tramp Trade - Ships in free trade, carrying
either full or part cargoes being offered along
the way, between ports not following a fixed
schedule.
EEA - is description of all EU countries + the EFTA
countries Norway, Iceland and Lichtenstein.
Trip Charter - The time charter of a ship for
one specific trip, rather than for a period of
time. Also occasionally to mean a voyage
charter.
Freight tons (ft.) - The unit on which freight is calculated.
It can be the measurement, e.g. cubic metres, or the
weight, e.g. metric tons.
General Cargo - Miscellaneous cargo.
GT - The total of all the enclosed spaces
within a ship, expressed in tons, each of
which is equivalent to 100 cubic feet.
Supply Ship - A ship working in the offshore
industry for the carriage of stores and
equipment, towing and anchor handling.
VLCC (Very Large Crude Carriers) – Crude
oil tankers in the order of 200,000 – 350,000
DWT, typically load capacity of 2 million barrels
of crude oil. Unable to pass the Suez Canal.
Liner Trade - Describes ships in regular traffic
between ports laid down in a fixed schedule.
Worldscale - A unified scale by means of
which tanker freight is quoted. Its purpose is
to enable shipowners and charterers to easily
agree on the freight for a given voyage.
Worldscale 100 signifies the average cost
for a great number of standard voyages, and
the freight for a specific voyage is then agreed
upon as either a higher or a lower figure.
LPG Tanker - A ship transporting liquified
petroleum gasses.
LR (Long Range) - Product tankers for
transport of refined oil products in the order of
65,000 - 100,000 DWT.
25
Source References
Table 2.1- 2.5
Table 2.6 - 2.16
Table 3.1 - 3.4
Table 3.5 - 3.7
Table 4.1 - 4.2
Table 4.3 - 4.4
Table 5.1 - 5.2; 5.5
Table 5.3 - 5.4
Table 6.1 - 6.2
Table 7.1 - 7.2
Table 7.3
Table 7.4 - 7.5; 8.1
Table 9.1 - 9.2
Table 9.3
Table 9.4
Table 9.5 - 9.6
Danish Shipowners' Association
IHS-Fairplay (Sea-Web)
Danish Shipowners' Association
Fairplay Solutions
Danish Shipowners' Association
Statistics Denmark
R.S. Platou Shipbrokers a.s.
ISL Bremen and Danske Bank
Danish Shipowners' Association and the Danish Maritime Authority
Alphaliner (container capacity). Drewry Shipping Consultants (container transport)
Global Insight as per Danish Ship Finance
ISL Bremen
NTM (Swedish Network for Transport and the Environment)
International Chamber of Shipping
ITOPF (The International Tanker Owners Pollution Federation Limited)
Danish Shipowners' Association
Notes
Table 2.6
EU: EU 27 irrespective of time of admission.
Other industrial countries: The rest of OECD member countries, South Africa and Israel.
Open registers: Liberia, Panama, Bahamas, St. Vincent, Bermuda, Vanuatu, Marshall Islands,
Honduras, Antigua & Barbuda, Gibraltar, Cayman Islands, Isle of Man, Belize, Barbados, Netherlands
Antilles, Mongolia, Comoros Islands, Cambodia, Lebanon and Mauritius.
Dynamic Asian countries: Singapore, Thailand, Malaysia, Taiwan,
Hong Kong and South Korea.
Table 2.7 - 2.12
The total number of ships deviate in tables 2.7 - 2.12 from for instance table 2.1 as a more narrow
definition of merchant ships is applied in the survey of the world merchant fleet based on Lloyd's
Register. This means that a number of specialized ships are included in the Danish Shipowners'
Association's records of Danish ships whereas they are not included in the survey of the world fleet.
The tables are inclusive of merchant ships of 100 GT and above.
Table 2.12
The Merchant Fleets of the EU countries; United Kingdom excl. Isle of Man, The Netherlands excl.
Netherlands Antilles, Spain incl. Canary Isl., Portugal incl. Madeira
Table 3.2
The investment amounts are partly estimated and do not include investments in publicly owned ships
or containers, pallets etc.
Table 4.2
The regional distribution is based on reports from Danish shipping companies.
Table 4.3
A recurrent revision of figures will take place.
Editorial staff
Head of Division Jacob K. Clasen
Analyst Michael B. Clausen
Danish Shipowners' Association
33, Amaliegade
DK 1256 Copenhagen K
Phone: +45 33 11 40 88
Fax:
+45 33 11 62 10
E-mail: info@shipowners.dk
Homepage: www.shipowners.dk
26
Table 10.1 Piracy off Somalia
Piracy incidents Gulf of Aden, Red Sea, Indian Ocean off Somalia
250
Part of year
200
150
100
50
0
2007
2008
2009
Attempt
Somalia
Total incidents
Attempts
Fired upon
Boarding (failed)
Hijackings
2007
44
22
10
0
12
Fired upon
2008
111
28
39
2
42
2010
Boarding (failed)
2009
212
53
112
1
46
2010
217
52
100
16
49
2011
Hijacked
2011
237
84
105
20
28
2012 to date 7/6
Total
2012
61
32
16
1
12
Table 10.2 Piracy in the whole world
Piracy incidents whole world
500
450
Part of year
400
350
300
250
200
150
100
50
0
2007
2008
Attempt
World
Total incidents
Attempts
Fired upon
Boarding (failed)
Hijackings
2007
263
62
14
169
18
2009
Fired upon
2008
293
47
46
151
49
2010
Boarding (failed)
2009
410
85
121
155
49
2010
445
89
107
196
53
2011
Hijacked
2011
439
113
107
175
44
2012 to date 7/6
Total
2012
157
47
20
72
18