acetabulum
Cuplike cavity on lateral
surface of the hip bone
that receives the femur.
amphiarthroses
Slightly movable joints
appendicular skeleton
bones of the limbs and
limb girdles that are
attached to the axial
skeleton
articular cartilage
hyaline cartilage
covering bone ends at
movable joints
atlas
The first cervical vertebra;
articulates with the occipital
bone of the skull and the
second cervical vertebra.
axial skeleton
The bones of the skull,
vertebral column,
thorax, and sternum.
axis
The second cervical vertebra;
has a vertical projection
called the dens around which
the atlas rotates
canaliculi
small canals radiating in all
directions from launae,
allowing for communication
between osteocytes
cartilaginous joints
central (Haversian)
canals
no joint cavity; bones held
together by cartilage; examples:
growth plates, disks between
vertebrae and the pubic
symphysis
longitudinal canal,
carrying blood vessels
and nerves
chondrocytes
cartilage cells, occupy
spaces called lacunae
compact bone
hard, dense bone tissue,
usually found around the
outer portion of bones,
diaphysis
diaphysis
Elongated shaft of a
long bone.
diarthroses
Freely movable joint.
epiphyseal line
a remnant of the
epiphyseal plate
epiphyseal plate
cartilaginous area at the ends
of long bones where
lengthwise growth takes place
in the immature skeleton
epiphysis
The end of a long
bone, attached to the
shaft.
fibrous joint
Bones joined by
fibrous tissue; no joint
cavity is present.
fibrous joints
bones are joined together
by dense fibrous
connective tissue, lack a
joint cavity
fontanels
a soft, membrane-covered
space between the bones at
the front and the back of a
newborn's skull
gomphosis
gout
Type of joint attaching
a tooth to its socket
The disease in which uric acid
accumulates in the blood and may
be deposited as needle-shaped
crystals in the soft tissues of joints
is called __________.
Haversian system
(osteon)
central canal and all of
the osteocytes it feeds
hematopoiesis
Blood cell formation is
called __________.
intervertebral discs
Discs of fibrocartilage
between vertebrae.
intramembranous
ossification
the process of bone formation in the
flat bones of the skull and mandible,
where bone forms directly within
mesenchyme arranged in sheetlike
layers that resemble membranes
lacunae
A small space, cavity, or
depression; _?_ in bone
or cartilage are occupied
by cells.
lamellae
concentric rings
around the central
canals of osteons
ligament
Band of regular
fibrous tissue that
connects bones.
medullary cavity
(yellow marrow)
cavity of long bones
within the diaphysis;
contains yellow marrow
in adults
osteoblasts
Bone-forming cells.
osteoclasts
Large cells that resorb
or break down bone
matrix.
osteocytes
mature bone cells within
lacunae organized
around central canals
osteons
osteoporosis
Structural unit of compact bone
consisting of a central canal, called
the haversian canal, surrounded
by a number of concentric rings of
bony matrix called lamellae.
Increased softening of the
bone resulting from a
gradual decrease in rate
of bone formation.
paranasal sinus
any of the paired sinuses in the bones
of the face adjacent to the nasal cavity
that are lined with mucous membrane
that is continuous with lining of the
nasal cavities
perforating
(Sharpey's) fibers
collagen fibers running
from periosteum into
bone matrix
perforating
(Volkmann's) canals
at right angles to the central
canals; connects blood
vessels and nerves of the
periosteum and central canal.
periosteum
Double-layered
connective tissue that
covers and nourishes the
bone.
red marrow
typically found within the
trabecular cavities of spongy
bone of long bones and in the
diploe of flat bones;
hematopoiesis
rickets
The disease in children whose
diets lack calcium or vitamin
D, where the bones fail to
calcify, is called ________.
sella turcica
depression in
sphenoid bone that
holds pituitary gland
synarthroses
immovable joints
syndesmoses
immovable joint in
which bones are joined
by connective tissue
trabeculae
the irregular latticework
of thin bony plates in
spongy bone tissue