Mr. Powner
Biology
Cell Theory Vocabulary Flashcards
Instructions:
Cut out the flashcards from the following pages. Use the following words to label the backside of the flashcards. The words are not listed in the same order as the
flash cards. You must use the textbook to match them correctly. Use the finished flashcards to quiz yourself in preparation for the test.
Word Bank:
Animal Cell
Cell
Cell Theory
Cell Wall
Centrioles
Chloroplasts
Cholesterol
Chromatin
Cilia
Cytoplasm
Cytoskeleton
Electron Microscope
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)
Eukaryotic Cells
Flagella
Fluid Mosaic Model
Golgi Apparatus
Light Microscope
Lysosomes
Mitochondria
Microfilaments
Microtubules
Nuclear Membrane
Nucleolus
Nucleus
Phospholipids
Plant Cell
Plasma Membrane
Plastids
Prokaryotic Cells
Ribosomes
Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum
Selective Permeability
Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum
Surface Markers
Transport Proteins
Vacuoles
Alternative Assignment: with Mr. Powner’s permission, you may do ONE of the following:
1. build a physical model of a cell [example] - label all parts with flags or a number system, include a key that explains their functions
2. draw a poster-size scientific diagram of a cell - label all parts with number system, include a key that explains their functions
3. create a digital presentation that gives a virtual tour of a cell - name all parts and explain their functions
Card 1
Card 2 - Instrument made of a series of glass lenses that can magnify visible
light images up to 1,000x
Name This Theory
1. All living organisms are composed of one or more cells.
2. Cells are the basic unit of structure and organization of all living
organisms.
3. Cells arise only from previously existing cells, with cells passing
copies of their genetic material on to their daughter cells.
Card 3 - Instrument the uses magnetically aimed electron beams to magnify
objects up to 500,000x
Card 4 - The basic structural and functional unit of all living things
Card 5 - Cells without a nucleus or membrane-bound organelles (less
organized, simple, and smaller; e.g. bacteria); considered to be very primitive
Card 6 - Cells that contain a nucleus and membrane-bound organelles (more
organized, complex, and larger; e.g. human cells); considered to be more
advanced
Card 7 – Outer boundary of cells; flexible; made of a phospholipid bilayer;
controls what enters and leaves the cells
Card 8 - A function of the plasma membrane; some materials are allowed to
pass through and others are not
Card 9 - Structural chemicals that make up membranes; one end is polar
(hydrophilic = water-loving) the other is non-polar (hydrophobic = waterhating)
Card 10 - Tubular protein structures embedded in plasma membranes which
move substances in or out – passively (diffusion) or actively (transport)
Card 11 The name of the current model of the plasma membrane is the ______.
In this model, phospholipid bilayers create a “sea” in which other molecules
can float, phospholipids and other molecules can move sideways fluidly
Card 12 What is the name of the fluid environment inside a cell?
It is the liquid “goo” with dissolved salts and proteins in which all other cell
parts float.
Card 13 - Supporting network of long, thin protein fibers (microfilaments and
microtubules) that form a framework for the cell; provide an anchor for the
organelles inside; connects to plasma membrane and allows cell movement.
Card 14 Thin protein threads that help give the cell shape and enable the entire cell
or just parts to move; rapidly assemble, disassemble, and slide past one
another.
Card 15 Long, hollow protein cylinders that form a rigid skeleton for the cell, against
which substances can be moved; rapidly assemble, disassemble, and slide
past one another.
Card 16 - The cell’s managing structure; it contains most of the cell’s genetic
material (DNA, which stores information used to make proteins for cell
growth, function, and reproduction)
Card 17 - Double membrane that surrounds the nucleus; covered with
nuclear pores (holes through which materials enter and leave the nucleus)
Card 18 - Complex DNA wrapped protein structures; spread throughout the
nucleus – can condense further into chromosomes for cell reproduction.
Card 19 - Organelle within the nucleus that produces ribosomes (which make
proteins)
Card 20 - Granular organelles that help manufacture proteins (not
membrane-bound); made by the nucleolus; those bound to ER make
proteins that will be packaged in membrane material by the Golgi for storage
or transport; those that float free in cytoplasm make proteins for use within
the cell
Card 21 - System of membranes folded into sacs and interconnected
channels; the folds provide increased surface area for complex biochemical
processes
Card 22 - Area of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that is studded with ribosomes
for protein synthesis
Card 23 - Area of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) that has no ribosomes and is
the site of carbohydrate and lipid synthesis (including phospholipids)
Card 24 - Flattened stacks of membranes; modifies, sorts, and packages
proteins into membrane-bound sacs called vesicles; vesicles can then be
stored or they can fuse with the cell membrane to release proteins into the
environment
Card 25 - Large membrane-bound vesicles that temporarily store materials
and waste products within the cytoplasm; not normally present in animal
cells; can be very large in plant cells
Card 26 - Vesicles that contain enzymes for digesting extra or worn-out
organelles and food particles; also digest bacteria and viruses that have
entered the cell; can fuse with vacuoles to break down their contents
chemically
Card 27 - Clusters of microtubules that form rigid shapes used during cell
division; located in cytoplasm of animal cells near the nucleus
Card 28 - Organelles that convert sugars into usable energy packets (ATP);
powerhouse of the cell
Card 29 Specialized category of vesicles in plant cells; some are used for storage of
sugars, starches, and lipids; others are used for energy production
(chloroplasts are green, chromoplasts are red, orange or yellow)
Card 30 - Organelles in plants that capture light energy and convert it to
chemical energy (sugar molecules) through photosynthesis; internal stacks of
disk-like membranes called thylakoids are where the pigment chlorophyll is
found (green pigment used in photosynthesis)
Card 31 - Found in plant cells; thick, rigid mesh of fibers that surrounds the
outside of the plasma membrane, protects the cell, and gives it structural
support
Card 32 - Short, numerous cellular projections that look like hairs on the
outside of cells; used like oars of a boat to swim through the environment
Card 33 - Longer, less numerous cellular projections; used in a whip-like
motion to swim through the environment
Card 34 – Kind of Cell
Card 36 –Carbohydrate chains and protein molecules that are anchored on
the outside surface of a cell. These give the surface of the cell a unique
chemical “fingerprint” that other cells can recognize.
Card 35 – Kind of Cell
Card 37 – These molecules insert in between the phospholipid tails of the
plasma membrane; they serve to stiffen the membrane, preventing it from
flowing too freely.